新视野大学英语视听说教程b4-unit10

nullnullUNIT 10Culture makes me what I am nullnullLanguageTopicsStrategiesTasksnullLanguageTopicsStrategiesTasksObjectives:Objectives:Strategy focus: Identifying inviting questions Function focus: asking for reasons and agreeing and disagreeing Cultural focus: understanding the cultural difference between China and western countries Lead inLead inWhat is culture? ---In a narrow sense, culture in English refers to literature, music, art, etc. In a broader sense, Culture refers to the entire way of life of a society, “the way of a people”. Language is a part of the culture, and is influenced and shaped by culture; it reflects culture. Lead inLead inLook at these pictures. What aspects of western cultures are they describing? Lead inLead inLead inLead inLead inLead inLead inLead inLead inLead inLead inLead inLead inLead inMore concepts related to western culture 1. Individualism (个人主义) Most Americans see themselves first as individuals and then as a member of a community, family or other groups.  Some people from other countries view this as being “selfish”. Others view it as freedom from constraints.Lead inLead in2. Equality and Informality (不拘礼节) Most Americans treat each other in informal ways, even in the presence of great differences in age or social standing.  Some see this as a “lack of respect”.  Others see it as a healthy lack of concern for social ritual.Lead inLead in3.Time Consciousness Most Americans place a strong emphasis on being on time.  They tend to organize time by means of schedules. It is considered impolite and extremely inconsiderate to fail to keep an appointment or date without giving prior notice to the other person.  If you do not plan to meet the person, then you should decline the invitation. Listening Task 1: Americans’ Work EthicListening Task 1: Americans’ Work EthicListen to the passage twice and fill in the blanks with the missing words. Retell the story after listening to it twice.BACKTopic of listening task 1Topic of listening task 1American’s work ethicBACKnullWord tips of listening task 1workaholicethicA general principle or belief that affects the way people behavecompulsivelyWith a strong, uncontrollable desireA person who is addicted to work as an alcoholic is to alcoholBACKnullLanguage Work: Work in pairs to summarize all possible expressions to describe hard work.Listening Task 1: Americans’ Work EthicIt’s really hard / tough / difficult / demanding. It needs great effort. It’s a bitter experience to do that job. Doing that work is a trying experience. It requires considerable amount of time and energy to do that well. No one can endure that rugged working conditions there.BACKListening Task 1: Americans’ Work EthicListening Task 1: Americans’ Work Ethicb.Pair Work: Have a hard job in your mind and let your partner guess what it is with only yes/no questions. BACKListening Task 1: Americans’ Work EthicListening Task 1: Americans’ Work Ethicc. Group Work: 1) Should we follow the ethics of hard work or introduce fun into our work? 2) How to treasure a good balance between work/study and play? BACKListening Task 2: Do you know what “Freeze” means?Listening Task 2: Do you know what “Freeze” means?Listen to the passage once and choose the right answer to each question you hear. Listen to it again and anwer the question: What do Japanese and Americans think about owing guns according to the passage?BACKTopic of listening task 2:Topic of listening task 2:Do you know what “Freeze” means?BACKnullWords tips of listening task 2trespassenter another’s land or home without permissionconstitutionA set of basic laws or principles for a country that describe the rights and duties of its citizens and the way it is governedLanguage and Culture TipBACKnullA person’s home is his cascle.This saying suggests that people value their homes highly, and no one should enter their home without permission.Words tips of listening task 2BACKnull a) Work in groups, and write your top ten tips about how to behave in China or other specific countries. b) Compare your tips with a student from a different group. Do you have anything in common? C) Perform in groups and try to act out the cultural features and cultural differences you’ve found through your discussion and comparison. Group Work:BACKnull Tips of cultural differences in other aspects: giving and receiving presents behavior in the street / in restaurants meeting and greeting people what (not) to wear in different situations going to a wedding other dos and don’tsGroup Work:BACKListening Task 3 Competition in AmericaListening Task 3 Competition in AmericaListen to the dialog and choose the best answer to each question you hear. Listen to the dialog again and answer the question.BACKTopic of Listening task 3Topic of Listening task 3Competition in AmericaBACKWord tips of listening task 3Word tips of listening task 3 Sharpen one’s competitive edge---- To increase one’s competitivenessBACKSpeaking outSpeaking out Listen and role-play model 1, 2 and 3 Functions: inviting questions; asking for reasons; how to agree and disagree.BACKSpeaking skill: inviting questionsSpeaking skill: inviting questionsFind out the sentences in the dialog that are used for inviting question. References: ---- Where have you been hiding all morning? ---- How did you find it? ---- Then what does it mean in the States? ---- Now let me ask you a question. ---- Why do Americans cherish …? BACKSpeaking skill: agree and disagreeSpeaking skill: agree and disagreeHow to agree strongly with someone’s opinion: Yes, that’s how I feel. I entirely / quite agree with you. You’re quite right. That’s exactly my opinion. I couldn’t agree more. BACKSpeaking skill: agree and disagreeSpeaking skill: agree and disagreeHow to show your half-agreeing: Well, yes … Yes, perhaps / maybe … Possibly … I suppose so … BACKSpeaking skill: agree and disagreeSpeaking skill: agree and disagreeHow to disagree with someone’s opinion politely: I don’t agree with you on … (at all) Perhaps, but don’t you think that … I’m afraid I disagree with you on … I don’t think so. I see what you mean, but … BACKSpeaking skill: agree and disagreeSpeaking skill: agree and disagreeHow to disagree with someone’s opinion strongly and impolitely: Oh, you don’t mean that? Never! Rubbish! You are wrong! What nonsense!BACKSpeaking outAmerican’s glorigy individualismModel 1Speaking outBACKTask of model 1Task of model 1Listen to the dialog twice, and fill in the missing words and sentences, repeat it sentence by sentence, and then role-play it in pairs. Learn to use inviting questions to get more information in conversation.BACKWord tips of model 1Word tips of model 1New words and expressions glorify ---- give glory or praise to individualism ---- belief in the importance of the individual and in self-reliance Collectivism ---- the system that attaches importance to the group as a whole Initiative ---- the ability to start a task BACKUseful expressionsUseful expressionsFind out the sentences from the dialog that indicate the speaker’s half-agreeing. References: ---- There could be something in that. ---- Maybe that’s the reason … BACKGroup Work Group Work 1. Discuss the following question: What are the essential differences between the concepts of individualism and collectivism? Answers for reference: individualism :primary importance of the individual / an individual’s interests placed above the group’sBACKGroup WorkGroup Workopportunities and freedom to develop character, interests, abilities, careers, etc. Collectivism: emphasize the interests of the group over those of the individual / require individuals to sacrifice short-term interests to the group’s long-term goalsStrike a balance between promoting team spirits and bringing individual initiative into playBACKGroup WorkGroup Work2. Work in groups of three or four and discuss the following question: How can we unhold collectivism while assimilating what is desirable and discuss what is undesirable in indivdualism?BACKSpeaking outSpeaking outWhat do you think are the reasons for that difference? Model 2BACKTask of model 2Task of model 2Listen to the dialog. Fill in the missing words and then role-play it in pairs. BACKWord tips of model 2Word tips of model 2New words and expressions: tangible: that can be felt by touch e.g. The police need tangible proof of his guilt before they charge him. shrink: make smaller e.g. Washing wool in hot water will shrink it / make it shrink. BACKnull1.What do you think of American pace of life? 2.How will you treat time? Should we be punctual for class, work, or appointments? Why? What can you do to ensure punctuality? 3.What are the differences between Americans and Chinese in managing the following situations: an appointment, home visit, to a party, being invited to dinner. Questions for discussion:BACKWhat Do You Think of American Pace of Life?What Do You Think of American Pace of Life?Tips Americans believe … Americans have an acute sense of … Americans are always … Americans treat time as … It’s taken as a sign of … to … quickly, rush, hurry to, restlessly, race through, under pressure, anxious, … BACKHow to ensure punctualityHow to ensure punctualityTips: Owing to the quickened pace of life and the influence of western concepts of time… Make adequate preparation. In case of emergence, call ahead to inform the delay.BACKTo Visit Friends in the U.S.To Visit Friends in the U.S.Before you go, it’s always best to give them a phone send them a letter. send them an e-mail.When you go to a party, you’d be fashionably late. When you go to somebody’s house for dinner, you’d be punctual, i.e. not to be late, not to be early, just right on time .BACKLet’s Talk: Culture ShockLet’s Talk: Culture ShockWhat is culture shock?--- It can be described as the feeling of confusion and disorientation that one experiences when faced with a large number of new and unfamiliar people and situations. Factors contributing to culture shock?--- sounds, smells, flavors, the very feeling of the air one is breathing, the native’s unfamiliar language and behavior, etc. BACKLet’s Talk: Culture ShockLet’s Talk: Culture ShockPeople’s response to culture shock: excitement, energetic actions, withdrawal, depression, phisical illness, disillusionment … 4 stages of culture shock:Initial euphoria Irritability and hostility Gradual adjustment adaptation BACKLet’s Talk : Culture ShockLet’s Talk : Culture ShockListen to the passage and complete the table with the information you hear.BACKGroup work:Group work:How to overcome culture shock? How to view culture shock with a positive attitude? Exploring personal change BACKHow to overcome culture shockHow to overcome culture shockKeep busy and active. Establish strong friendship with people from the host country. Make a list of positive thins about the cultue and look through it occasionally. Realize that everyone who goes abroad experiences culture shockBACKHow to overcome culture shockHow to overcome culture shockTry to trace every “strange action” to its underlying value. Find someone from your country that has been there longer. Use that person to gain perspective. Work at maintaing a healty sense of humor. Be ready to laugh at yourself.BACKPositive aspect of culture shockPositive aspect of culture shockTips: It is an opportunity for redefining one's life objectives. It is a great opportunity for learning and acquiring new perspectives. It can make one develop a better understanding of oneself and stimulate personal creativity. BACKExploring personal changeExploring personal changeIn groups: Discuss a personal change in your life. What was successful? What was frustrating? What might be successful maganement of change?BACKExploring personal changeExploring personal changeTips: Appreciation of reasons for change Awareness of new values Being flexible and adaptable Realize the “flow” (there will be frustration) Makes you realize what you really want in life It’s a challenge. BACKnullHome AssignmentBook 2 – Unit 8Each group makes a comparison between the Chinese culture and western culture. You can choose any topic such as food, custom, education, living style, medicine, view on value, etc. Your work is supposed to be presented in class through Power- point. Use related pictures to make your presentation vivid.null*See You Next Time!