雅思口语Yonghe lama temple英文描述

雅思口语Yonghelamatemple英文描述AtthenortheastcornerofBeijingCitythetravelerwillfindanelegantandancienttempleknownastheYongheLamasery,whichisthelargestandmostperfectlypreservedlamaseryinpresentdayChina.Builtinitiallyin1694duringtheQingDynasty,thisbuildingwastheresidenceofEmperorYongzhengwhenhewasjustaprince.However,in1744theQingDynastyformallychangedthestatusofthedwellingtothatofalamasery,andsoYongheLamaserybecamethenationalcentreofLamaadministration.ThefollowingdetailsdescribethemainbuildingsinsidetheLamasery.OnarrivalatthesouthendofYongheLamasery,thevisitorwillenterayardwhichcontainsascreenwallandthreePaifangs(Gateways),andwillobservetheredwallsandstonelions,symbolswhichshowthatthisLamaserywasoriginallythedwellingofanImperialFamilymember.EnteringnorthfromtheGateways,thevisitorwillbeconfrontedbyawidestraightroadwhichwasusedforthecarriagesoftheemperorsandtheirwivesduringtheQingDynasty(1644-1911).AtthenorthernendofthisroadisZhaotaimen(GateofPeaceDeclaration),whichcomprisesthreelargearchways,thecentraloneofwhichwasfortheexclusiveuseoftheemperors.PassingthroughZhaotaiGatethevisitorwillenterthesecondyardwhichcontainsaDrumToweronthewesternsideandaBelltowerontheeasternside,andinfrontofthesetowersaretwooctagonalStelePavilions.WordsbyEmperorQianlongwerecarvedinthesteleexplainingthetraditionalandhistoricalreasonsthatdwellingsformerlyusedbyImperialFamilymembersmustlaterbechangedtotemples.YongheGate,originallythemainentrancetotheLamaseryisnowcalledDevarajaHall(HalloftheHeavenlyKings),astherearethestatuesoffourverypowerfulHeavenlyKingslocatedonbothsidesoftheinnerpalacewalls.ThenorthernHeavenlyKingontheeasternsideholdsasnakeandtreasures;thesouthernKingontheeasternsideholdsanumbrellaandasilvermouse;thesouthernoneonthewesternsideholdsaswordandthenorthernoneonthewesternsideholdsaPipa(amusicalinstrumentusedinancientChina).LocatedinthecentreofthePalaceisasmilingMaitreya.OndepartingDevarajaHallthevisitorwillimmediatelyobserveanancientcoppercookingvesselmadein1747duringtheQingDynasty.Thisvessel,whichappearstobeblackwithwhitemarblestoneasitsseat,hashighartisticvalueandisamong'thethreerarestthingsinBeijing'.Sixdoorsareinsetintotheupperpartofthevessel,withtwodragonsplayingwithaballcastonthedoors,andtherearethreelionsplayingwithaballengravedontheseat.OnthenorthernsideofthevesselistheGreatStelePavilionwiththedoorsopenoneachofitsfoursides.WordsbyEmperorQianlongofQinginthesteleinformoftheoriginandmeaningofLamaism.TothenorthofthisPavilionisanodd-shapedhillcalledXuyuHill,asacredplaceofrichreligiousmeaningwhichwasbuiltinthemiddleofapool,andrepresentsaplacetowhichallBuddhistsareeagertogo.HallofHarmonyandPeace(Yonghegong)isthemainpalaceofYongheLamaseryandinsidethreebronzeBuddhasaredisplayed-Sakyamuniinthemiddle,Kasyapa-matangaontherightandMaitreyaontheleft.Thereare18Arhats(statuesofBuddhadisciples)positionedonbothsidesoftheHall.ThepictureonthewestwallisofAvalokitesvarawithitsthousandsofhandsandeyes.NorthoftheHallofHarmonyandPeaceisYongyoudian(HallofEverlastingProtection),whichwasEmperorYongzheng'slivingroomwhenhelivedthereasayoungprinceand,atthetimeofhisdeathhiscoffinwasplacedthere.Now,astatueofBhaisajya-guruislocatedthereandsacrificialofferingsaremadetoit.FromYongyoudiancontinuenorthtotheFalundian(HalloftheWheeloftheLaw),whichisthelocationforLamasreadingscripturesandholdingBuddhistceremonies.TheFalundiancomprisesveryspecialfeaturesasitsstructurecontainsthearchitecturalstylesofbothTibetanandHanNationalities.ItwasformerlythedwellingoftheEmperor'swives.AlargestatueofTsongKha-pa,anancestorofLamaismisdisplayedhereinthecentreoftheHallandalsoreceivessacrificialofferings.BehindthisstatueisanArhatHillcontaining500Arhatsmadeoffivekindsofmetals--gold,silver,copper,ironandtin.TheseArhatshavebeenshapedindifferentposes.InfrontofthisHillisawoodenbasinwhichwassaidtohavebeenusedforwashingthebodyofEmperorQianlongthreedaysafterhisbirth.ElegantlargefrescosillustratingthelifeofSakyamunistretcharoundboththeeastandwestwalls.Wanfuge(PavilionofTenThousandHappinesses)isthelastformalpalacetobevisitedinthiscomplex.Thisisthehighestpalacebecauseitisthreestorieshigh.InsidethispaviliontherearetensofthousandsofBuddhasdisplayedalongeverylevel,andinthecentrethereisanenormousstatueofMaitreyapositionedonawhitemarblebase.