1. EIGRP OSPF Redistribution Sim
Question: (Hope someone will contribute the detailed requirement of this sim!)
Some information I have gathered so far:
R2 is an ASBR for EIGRP 100 and OSPF AREA 24
R3 is an ASBR for EIGRP 100 and OSPF AREA 34
[note: so there are TWO separate areas on TWO separate ASBRS
thus you need to do redistribution on R2 and R3
R1 is ONLY in EIGRP 100, and is THE ONLY router you can ping from. R4 has a
loopback interface that must be pinged from R1.
R4 is running OSPF and has redundant link to EIGRP network over R3 router.
Notice: You should make a ping from R1 to 172.16.100.1 network to make sure
everything is working correctly.
Thanks to POONAMPOONAMPOONAMPOONAM who send us the topology and configuration. He got 100% on
EIGRP-OSPF lab so this solution is perfect! Please say thank to him and others who contribute
this lab-sim!
SOLUTION from POONAMPOONAMPOONAMPOONAM
AnswerAnswerAnswerAnswer andandandand Explanation:Explanation:Explanation:Explanation:
First we need to find out 5 parameters (Bandwidth, Delay, Reliability, Load, MTU) of the
s0/0/0 interface (the interface of R2 connected to R4) for redistribution :
R2#R2#R2#R2#showshowshowshow interfaceinterfaceinterfaceinterface s0/0/0s0/0/0s0/0/0s0/0/0
Write down these 5 parameters, notice that we have to divide the Delay by 10 because its
metric unit is tens of microsecond. For example, we get Bandwidth=1544 Kbit, Delay=20000
us, Reliability=255, Load=1, MTU=1500 bytes then we would redistribute as follows:
R2#R2#R2#R2#configconfigconfigconfig terminalterminalterminalterminal
R2(config)#R2(config)#R2(config)#R2(config)# routerrouterrouterrouter ospfospfospfospf 1111
R2(config-router)#R2(config-router)#R2(config-router)#R2(config-router)# redistributeredistributeredistributeredistribute eigrpeigrpeigrpeigrp 100100100100 metric-typemetric-typemetric-typemetric-type 1111 subnetssubnetssubnetssubnets
R2(config-router)#R2(config-router)#R2(config-router)#R2(config-router)#exitexitexitexit
R2(config-router)#R2(config-router)#R2(config-router)#R2(config-router)#routerrouterrouterrouter eigrpeigrpeigrpeigrp 100100100100
R2(config-router)#R2(config-router)#R2(config-router)#R2(config-router)#redistributeredistributeredistributeredistribute ospfospfospfospf 1111 metricmetricmetricmetric 1544154415441544 2000200020002000 255255255255 1111 1500150015001500
(Notice: In fact, these parameters are just used for reference and we can use other
parameters with no problem. Also, a candidate said that the simulator didn’t accept the
Bandwidth of 1544; in that case, we can use a lower value, like 128.
If the delay is 20000us then we need to divide it by 10, that is 20000 / 10 = 2000)
For R3 we use the show interface fa0/0 to get 5 parameters too
R3#R3#R3#R3#showshowshowshow interfaceinterfaceinterfaceinterface fa0/0fa0/0fa0/0fa0/0
For example we get Bandwidth=10000 Kbit, Delay=1000 us, Reliability=255, Load=1,
MTU=1500 bytes
R3#R3#R3#R3#configconfigconfigconfig terminalterminalterminalterminal
R3(config)#R3(config)#R3(config)#R3(config)#routerrouterrouterrouter ospfospfospfospf 1111
R3(config-router)#R3(config-router)#R3(config-router)#R3(config-router)#redistributeredistributeredistributeredistribute eigrpeigrpeigrpeigrp 100100100100 metric-typemetric-typemetric-typemetric-type 1111 subnetssubnetssubnetssubnets
R3(config)#R3(config)#R3(config)#R3(config)#exitexitexitexit
R3(config-router)#R3(config-router)#R3(config-router)#R3(config-router)#routerrouterrouterrouter eigrpeigrpeigrpeigrp 100100100100
R3(config-router)#R3(config-router)#R3(config-router)#R3(config-router)#redistributeredistributeredistributeredistribute ospfospfospfospf 1111 metricmetricmetricmetric 10000100001000010000 100100100100 255255255255 1111 1500150015001500
Finally you should try to “show ip route” to see the 172.16.100.1 network (the network
behind R4) in the routing table of R1 and make a ping from R1 to this network.
Maybe the “copy running-config startup-config” command will not work in this lab so don’t
worry, just skip it.
WISH U A VERY BEST GUYS………..
GO ROCK…
注意:考试的时候应该可以看到
题
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干上有句 thethethethe greatestgreatestgreatestgreatest bandwidthbandwidthbandwidthbandwidth这些字眼,那么基本就
是要加 distancedistancedistancedistance,另外记得一定要 showshowshowshow下接口!!!
本题干要求在 R1 去 ping172.16.100.1/24 的时候根据链路开销达到冗余的目的。
下面就该问题
分析
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:
因为最终的目的是 R1 能 ping 通 172.16.100.1,而而而而 pingpingpingping基于基于基于基于 TCPTCPTCPTCP,,,,即有去有回即有去有回即有去有回即有去有回,,,,从去和回从去和回从去和回从去和回
的两个方向分析冗余的两个方向分析冗余的两个方向分析冗余的两个方向分析冗余,重点在重点在重点在重点在 R1R1R1R1 和和和和 172.16.100.1172.16.100.1172.16.100.1172.16.100.1 上上上上,,,,难点在难点在难点在难点在 ASBRASBRASBRASBR 的的的的 R2R2R2R2 和和和和 R3R3R3R3上上上上((((重点在重点在重点在重点在
两端,难点在中间两端,难点在中间两端,难点在中间两端,难点在中间))));在这里假设 R2 和 R3 上已经做了双向重发布:
一,一,一,一,R1R1R1R1 ---->---->---->----> 172.16.100.1:172.16.100.1:172.16.100.1:172.16.100.1:
R1 要把数据包扔给 172.16.100.1, R1 首先要学到路由,将发生下列事件:
1、R3 通过 OSPF 1 学到 172.16.100.0 路由,重发布到 EIGRP 100 中,默认 EIGRP 学到的是
D EX,AD=170,在 EIGRP 域内将学到的路由发给 R2;
2、R2 则收到关于同条路由 172.16.100.1:一从 OSPF 学到的 O E2 AD=110,二从 R3 送来的
D EX AD=170,三是自己重发布的 D EX AD=170。由于从 R3 学到的同条路由,R2 不会再次将
它发回去。同条路由从不同路由
协议
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学到,则 R2 的路由
表
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会基于以下事实:比较比较比较比较 ADADADAD,,,,小小小小的的的的
ADADADAD放入路由表中放入路由表中放入路由表中放入路由表中,于是从 OSPF 学到的路由进入路由表;
注意本题核心:在 R2 上同时从两个协议收到 172.16.100.1 这一条路由,则比较 AD,谁的
AD 小就将放入路由表;其中 R2 收到 O和 D EX
3、R1 学到 172.16.100.1 路由方向为:172.16.100.1 ---->R4---->R2---->R1,那么 R1 ping
的数据包为:R1---->R2---->R4---->172.16.100.1。
二,二,二,二, 172.16.100.1172.16.100.1172.16.100.1172.16.100.1回包,回包,回包,回包,172.16.100.1172.16.100.1172.16.100.1172.16.100.1 ---->---->---->----> R1:R1:R1:R1:
172.16.100.1 要回包到 R1,172.16.100.1 首先也要学到 R1 的路由,将发生下列事件:
1、R2 将 R1 路由重发布到 OSPF 中
2、R3 将 R1 路由重发布到 OSPF 中
3、R4 学到两个方向的同条路由,如果都是 O E2 的话,cost = 20,比较不出来,改成 O E1
才能反映真实的开销,有利于选路;如果 O E1 就要改 metric
4、172.16.100.1 学到 R1 的路由方向为:R1---->R2---->R3---->R4---->172.16.100.1.
172.16.100.1 数据包为:172.16.100.1---->R4---->R3---->R2---->R1。
做完后,扩展 ping 测试(traceroute 也可)。实验拓扑:
因为人家前面解答已经很专业了,所以我只给出最后从 R1 ping 172.16.100.1 的结果:
本题目变形:就是在 R2—R3 的线路可能考试的时候给的不是串口而是以太网口不是串口而是以太网口不是串口而是以太网口不是串口而是以太网口,R2 到 R3
形成次优路径,此为双点双向重发布的变体,结合需求难度稍大。
给拓扑:
注意:考试的时候应该可以看到题干上有句 thethethethe greatestgreatestgreatestgreatest bandwidthbandwidthbandwidthbandwidth这些字眼,那么基本就
是要加 distancedistancedistancedistance,另外记得一定要 showshowshowshow下接口!!!
从 thethethethe greatestgreatestgreatestgreatest bandwidthbandwidthbandwidthbandwidth知道,R1 到 172.16.100.1 的往返最低开销是:
172.16.100.1 <----> R4 <----> R3 <----> R2 <----> R1
因为上面已经分析过了,所以就在 R2 上修改某种 IGP 的 AD 即可。
R2(config-router)#R2(config-router)#R2(config-router)#R2(config-router)# distancedistancedistancedistance eigrpeigrpeigrpeigrp 90909090 109109109109 ------------如果 R2-R3R2-R3R2-R3R2-R3是以太网的话就要加上这条命令
把从 R3R3R3R3发过来的路由 ADADADAD改为 109109109109小于 OSPFOSPFOSPFOSPF 110110110110,则 EIGRPEIGRPEIGRPEIGRP路由会进入 R2R2R2R2路由表中。
2.Policy Based Routing Sim
QuestionQuestionQuestionQuestion
Company Acan has two links which can take it to the Internet. The company policy demands
that you use web traffic to be forwarded only to Frame Relay link if available and other traffic
can go through any links. No static or default routing is allowed.
AnswerAnswerAnswerAnswer andandandand Explanation:Explanation:Explanation:Explanation:
Notice:Notice:Notice:Notice: TheTheTheThe answeransweransweranswer andandandand explanationexplanationexplanationexplanation belowbelowbelowbelow areareareare fromfromfromfrom PeterPanPeterPanPeterPanPeterPan and HelperHelperHelperHelper.Please say
thank to them!
All the HTTP traffic from the EIGRP Network should go through Frame Relay link if available
and all the other traffic should go through either link.
The only router you are able to administrate is the Border Router, from the EIGRP Network
you may only send HTTP traffic. As the other people mentioned, actually it is not a BGP lab.
You are not able to execute the command “router bgp 65001″
1)1)1)1) AccessAccessAccessAccess listlistlistlist thatthatthatthat catchescatchescatchescatches thethethethe HTTPHTTPHTTPHTTP traffic:traffic:traffic:traffic:
BorderRouter#BorderRouter#BorderRouter#BorderRouter#access-listaccess-listaccess-listaccess-list 101101101101 permitpermitpermitpermit tcptcptcptcp anyanyanyany anyanyanyany eqeqeqeq wwwwwwwwwwww
Note that the server was not directly connected to the Border Router. There were a lot of
EIGRP routes on it. In the real exam you do not know the exact IP address of the server in the
EIGRP network so we have to use the source as “any” to catch all the source addresses.
2)2)2)2) RouteRouteRouteRoute mapmapmapmap thatthatthatthat setssetssetssets thethethethe nextnextnextnext hophophophop addressaddressaddressaddress totototo bebebebe ISP1ISP1ISP1ISP1 andandandand permitspermitspermitspermits thethethethe restrestrestrest ofofofof thethethethe
traffic:traffic:traffic:traffic:
BorderRouter(config)#BorderRouter(config)#BorderRouter(config)#BorderRouter(config)#route-maproute-maproute-maproute-map pbrpbrpbrpbr permitpermitpermitpermit 10101010
BorderRouter(config-route-map)#BorderRouter(config-route-map)#BorderRouter(config-route-map)#BorderRouter(config-route-map)#matchmatchmatchmatch ipipipip addressaddressaddressaddress 101101101101
BorderRouter(config-route-map)#BorderRouter(config-route-map)#BorderRouter(config-route-map)#BorderRouter(config-route-map)#setsetsetset ipipipip next-hopnext-hopnext-hopnext-hop 10.1.101.110.1.101.110.1.101.110.1.101.1
BorderRouter(config-route-map)#BorderRouter(config-route-map)#BorderRouter(config-route-map)#BorderRouter(config-route-map)#exitexitexitexit
BorderRouter(config)#BorderRouter(config)#BorderRouter(config)#BorderRouter(config)#route-maproute-maproute-maproute-map pbrpbrpbrpbr permitpermitpermitpermit 20202020
(Notice: the route-maproute-maproute-maproute-map pbrpbrpbrpbr permitpermitpermitpermit 20202020 line allows other traffic than HTTP to be routed.
Otherwise, other traffic will be dropped)
3)3)3)3) ApplyApplyApplyApply thethethethe route-maproute-maproute-maproute-map onononon thethethethe interfaceinterfaceinterfaceinterface totototo thethethethe serverserverserverserver inininin thethethethe EIGRPEIGRPEIGRPEIGRP Network:Network:Network:Network:
BorderRouter(config-route-map)#BorderRouter(config-route-map)#BorderRouter(config-route-map)#BorderRouter(config-route-map)#exitexitexitexit
BorderRouter(config)#BorderRouter(config)#BorderRouter(config)#BorderRouter(config)#intintintint fa0/0fa0/0fa0/0fa0/0
BorderRouter(config-if)#BorderRouter(config-if)#BorderRouter(config-if)#BorderRouter(config-if)#ipipipip policypolicypolicypolicy route-maproute-maproute-maproute-map pbrpbrpbrpbr
BorderRouter(config-if)#BorderRouter(config-if)#BorderRouter(config-if)#BorderRouter(config-if)#exitexitexitexit
BorderRouter(config)#BorderRouter(config)#BorderRouter(config)#BorderRouter(config)#exitexitexitexit
4) There is a “Host for Testing”, click on this host to open a box in which there is a button
named “Generate HTTP traffic”. Click on this button to generate some packets for HTTP traffic.
Jump back to the BorderRouter and type the command “show route-map”.
BorderRouter#BorderRouter#BorderRouter#BorderRouter#showshowshowshow route-maproute-maproute-maproute-map
In the output you will see the line “Policy routing matches: 9 packets…”. It means that the
route-map we configured is working properly.
实验拓扑:其中 winXP_client 用虚拟机, www 流量用 IE 浏览器产生
R1 配置如下 :
access-list 100 permit tcp any any eq www
!
route-map pbr permit 10
match ip address 100
set ip next-hop 10.1.101.2
!
route-map pbr permit 20
!
interface FastEthernet2/0
ip address 192.168.73.254 255.255.255.0
ip policy route-map pbr
duplex auto
speed auto
根据
答案
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要求:
4) There is a “Host for Testing”, click on this host to open a box in which there is a button named
“Generate HTTP traffic”. Click on this button to generate some packets for HTTP traffic. Jump back to the
BorderRouter and type the command “show route-map”.
BorderRouter#show route-map
In the output you will see the line “Policy routing matches: 9 packets…”. It means that the route-map we
configured is working properly.
做完这一步,到 winXP_client 上开网页产生 www 流量后,再回到 R1 上“show route-map”:
意思下吧,只要看到流量就 OK。
3.IPv6IPv6IPv6IPv6 OSPFOSPFOSPFOSPFVirtualVirtualVirtualVirtual LinkLinkLinkLink SimSimSimSim
QuestionQuestionQuestionQuestion
Acme is a small export company that has an existing enterprise network that is running IPv6
OSPFv3. Currently OSPF is configured on all routers. However, R4′s loopback address
(FEC0:4:4) cannot be seen in R1′s IPv6 routing table. You are tasked with identifying the
cause of this fault and implementing the needed corrective actions that uses OSPF features
and does no change the current area assignments. You will know that you have corrected the
fault when R4′s loopback address (FEC0:4:4) can be seen in the routing table of R1.
AnswerAnswerAnswerAnswer andandandand Explanation:Explanation:Explanation:Explanation:
To troubleshoot the problem, first issue the showshowshowshow running-configrunning-configrunning-configrunning-config on all of 4 routers. Pay
more attention to the outputs of routers R2 and R3
The output of the “show running-config” command of R2:
The output of the “show running-config” command of R3: