16_CFR_1303法规 - 中文

PART 1303—BAN OF LEAD-CONTAINING PAINT AND CERTAIN CONSUMER PRODUCTS BEARING LEAD-CONTAINING PAINT 1303部分--禁用含铅油漆以及某些使用含铅油漆的消费品 1303.1 Scope and application. 适用范围 1303.2 Definitions. 定义 1303.3 Exemptions. 豁免 1303.4 Banned hazardous products. 禁止使用的有害产品 1303.5 Findings. 依据 § 1303.1 Scope and application. 1303.1 适用范围 (a) In this part 1303, the Consumer Product Safety Commission declares that paint and similar surface-coating materials for consumer use that contain lead or lead compounds and in which the lead content (calculated as lead metal) is in excess of 0.06 percent of the weight of the total nonvolatile content of the paint or the weight of the dried paint film (which paint and similar surface-coating materials are referred to hereafter as ‘‘lead-containing paint’’) are banned hazardous products under sections 8 and 9 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA), 15 U.S.C. 2057, 2058. (See parts 1145.1 and 1145.2 for the Commission’s finding under section 30(d) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) that it is in the public interest to regulate lead-containing paint and certain consumer products bearing such paint under the CPSA.) The following consumer products are also declared to be banned hazardous products: A.在该1303部分,消费品安全委员会声明:依照《消费品安全法案》(CPSA)的第八 部分和第九部分, 15 U.S.C. 2057, 2058.(参考1145.1和1145.2 委员会在《消费品安全法案》(CPSA)30(d)中的依据,根据公众利益,所规范的CPSA下的含铅 油漆及某些覆盖有该类油漆的消费品),用于消费目的, 含铅或铅化合物的油漆和类似 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 层材料(以下简称”含铅涂料”),其中铅含量(以金属铅计算)超过油漆的总非挥发物或干油漆膜重量0.06%的,为有害产品, 予以禁用。以下消费品也被声明作为禁用的危险产品: (1) Toys and other articles intended for use by children that bear ‘‘lead-containing paint’’. 1. 带有“含铅涂料”的儿童玩具和其他儿童用品。 (2) Furniture articles for consumer use that bear ‘‘lead-containing paint’’. 2. 带有“含铅涂料”的消费品家具。 (b) This ban applies to the products in the categories described in paragraph (a) of this section that are manufactured after February 27, 1978, and which are ‘‘consumer products’’ as that term is defined in section 3(a)(1) of the Consumer Product Safety Act. Accordingly, those of the products described above that are customarily produced or distributed for sale to or for use, consumption, or enjoyment of consumers in or around a household, in schools, in recreation, or otherwise are covered by the regulation. Paints and coatings for motor vehicles and boats are not included within the scope of the ban because they are outside the statutory definition of ‘‘consumer product’’. In addition to those products which are sold directly to consumers, the ban applies to products which are used or enjoyed by consumers after sale,such as paints used in residences, schools, hospitals, parks, playgrounds, and public buildings or other areas where consumers will have direct access to the painted surface. B.该禁令适用于1978年2月27日以后制造的,在该部分(a)段中提到的产品,以及在 《消费品安全法案》第三部分(a)(1)中定义的消费品. 相应地, 为用于家庭、学校或者娱乐场所使用、消费、享用的产品. 另外,该禁令对于直接卖给消费者的产品,适用于那些消费者在购买后使用或享用的物件,比如用在住房,学校,医院,公园,操场和公共场所的建筑物或其他场合, 消费者可能直接接触其涂层的油漆。用于机动车辆和船的油漆以及涂层不在该禁令的范围之内,因为这些不在“消费品”的范畴。 (c) The Commission has issued the ban because it has found (1) that there is an unreasonable risk of lead poisoning in children associated with lead content of over 0.06 percent in paints and coatings to which children have access and (2) that no feasible consumer product safety standard under the CPSA would adequately protect the public from this risk. C.委员会发布该法令, 是因为已经发现(1)儿童相当高的铅中毒风险与儿童接触到的, 超过0.06%铅含量的油漆和涂料有关,(2)在CPSA下, 无可执行的消费品安全 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 , 用于充分保护公众免于铅中毒的危险。 §1303.2Definitions. 13.03.2 定义 The definitions in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15U.S.C. 2052) shall apply to this part 1303. A. 《消费品安全法案》第三节的定义(15U.S.C. 2052)亦适用于该1303部分 (B)For purposes of this part: B. 此部分的含义: (1) Paint and other similar surface-coating materials means a fluid, semi-fluid, or other material, with or without a suspension of finely divided coloring matter, which changes to a solid film when a thin layer is applied to a metal, wood, stone, paper, leather, cloth, plastic, or other surface. This term does not include printing inks or those materials which actually become a part of the substrate, such as the pigment in a plastic article, or those materials which are actually bonded to the substrate, such as by electroplating or ceramic glazing. 1. 油漆和其他类似表面涂层原料是指含有或不含悬浮状态的色素颗粒的, 涂布于诸如金属、木材、石头、纸、皮革、布料,塑料或其他表面的时候,会变成固态薄膜的流体、半流体,及其他材料。该术语不包括印刷墨水或那些实际上已经变成基质一部分的材料,例如塑料制品中的颜料,或者那些事实上与底层结合到一起的材料,例如电镀或上瓷器釉。 (2) Lead-containing paint means paint or other similar surface coating materials containing lead or lead compounds and in which the lead content(calculated as lead metal) is in excess of 0.06 percent by weight of the total nonvolatile content of the paint or the weight of the dried paint film. 2. 含铅涂料是指含铅或铅化合物, 含铅量(按铅金属计算)超过油漆的总非挥发物或干油 漆膜重量的0.06%的油漆或其他类似表层涂料。 (3) Toys and other articles intended for use by children means those toys and other articles which are intended to be entrusted to or for use by children. This would not include all articles to which children might have access simply because they are present in a household. 3. 儿童玩具和其他儿童用品是指些计划提供给儿童或被儿童使用的玩具和用品。不包括在家庭中出现的儿童可能接触到的家居用品。 (4) Furniture article means those movable articles: (i) Used to support people or things; (ii) other functional or decorative furniture articles, including, but not limited to, products such as beds, bookcases, chairs, chests, tables, dressers, desks, pianos, console televisions, and sofas. The term ‘‘furniture article’’does not include appliances, such as ranges, refrigerators, dishwashers, clothes washers and dryers, air conditioners, humidifiers, and dehumidifiers; fixtures such as bathroom fixtures, built-in cabinets, chandeliers, windows, and doors; or household items such as window shades, venetian blinds, or wall hangings and draperies. 4. 家具是指那些可移动的物品(i)用于支撑人或物品(ii)其他功能或装饰家居的物品,包括但不限于床、 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 架、椅子、斗柜、桌子、梳妆柜、写字台、钢琴、遥控电视,和沙发。术语“家具”不包括诸如灶具、电冰箱、洗碗机、洗衣机和干衣机、空调、加湿器和减湿器等电器;以及淋浴设备、内嵌式橱柜、树枝形的装饰灯、窗户和门等固定装置;和窗帘、活动百叶窗,或壁毯和织品等家居用品。 § 1303.3 Exemptions. 1303.3豁免 (a) The categories of products listed in paragraph (b) of this section are exempted from the scope of the ban established by this part 1303, provided: A. 在此 目录 工贸企业有限空间作业目录特种设备作业人员作业种类与目录特种设备作业人员目录1类医疗器械目录高值医用耗材参考目录 中,B段所列产品不受1303部分禁令的限制,假如: (1) That these products bear on the main panel of their label, in addition to any labeling that may be otherwise requi red, the signal word ‘‘Warning’’ (unless some other signal word is required) and the following statement: ‘‘Contains Lead. Dried Film of This Paint May Be Harmful If Eaten or Chewed.’’ 1. 这些产品的主面板上张贴标签,除了必须的标注和内容,还需加上: “警告”(除非 要求 对教师党员的评价套管和固井爆破片与爆破装置仓库管理基本要求三甲医院都需要复审吗 特定的词语),然后后边需标明“含铅,如果吞食或咀嚼此涂料的干膜可能有害” (2)(i) That these products also bear on their label the following additional statement or its practical equivalent: Do not apply on toys and other children’s articles, furniture, or interior surfaces of any dwelling or facility which may be occupied or used by children. or not apply on exterior surfaces of dwelling units, such as window sills, porches, stairs, or railings, to which children may be commonly exposed. Keep out of reach of children. 2.(i)这些产品的标签上带有以下附加声明或者等效声明:不能用于玩具和其他儿童用品,家具,及任何儿童居住或使用的居所或设施的内表面, 不能用于儿童通常能够接触到的居所的外表面,例如窗台,走廊、楼梯或栏杆。防止儿童接触. (ii) If the statement required by the preceding paragraph (a)(2)(i) is placed on a label panel other than the main panel, the label statement required to be on the main panel by paragraph (a)(1) of this section shall contain the following additional statement: ‘‘See other cautions on (insert ‘side’ or ‘back’, as appropriate) panel.’’ (ii)如果前面(a)(2)(i)要求的声明被放在非主面板的其他标签上,那么在主面板上的标签,则必须包含以下额外声明:“请见其他面(侧面或背面等)的警告” (3) That the placement, conspicuousness, and contrast of the label statements required by this section (a) comply with the requirements of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act at 16 CFR 1500.121. 3. 该节中标签声明的位置、对比度和突出性: A. 必需遵从联邦危险物品法案16 CFR 1500.121的要求. (b) The following products are exempt from the scope of the ban established by this part 1303, provided they comply with the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section: B.在遵照此部分A点要求的条件下,以下产品不受1303部分的禁令的限制, (1) Agricultural and industrial equipment refinish coatings. 1.农业和工业设备的修补涂层。 16 CFR Ch. II (1–1–06 Edition) § 1303.4 (2) Industrial (and commercial) building and equipment maintenance coatings, including traffic and safety marking coatings. 2. 工商业的建筑和设备维护涂料, 包括交通和安全标志涂料. (3) Graphic art coatings (i.e., products marketed solely for application on billboards, road signs, and similar uses and for identification marking in industrial buildings). 3. 图案艺术涂料(即在产品上已经注明, 专用于广告牌, 路标, 和在工业大厦中相类似用途) . (4) Touchup coatings for agricultural equipment, lawn and garden equipment, and appliances. 4. 润色涂料, 用于农业设备,草地公园的设备和电器。 (5) Catalyzed coatings marketed solely for use on radio-controlled model powered aircraft. 4. 催化涂料, 专用于无线电遥控模型飞机. (c) The following products are exempt from the scope of the ban established by part 1303 (no cautionary labeling is required): C. 以下产品可免于1303的禁令(不需要警示标签). (1) Mirrors which are part of furniture articles to the extent that they bear lead-containing backing paint. 1. 作为家具的一部分的镜子,背面带有含铅的涂料。 (2) Artists’ paints and related materials. 2. 艺术家们的油漆和相关材料. (3) Metal furni ture articles (but not metal children’s furniture) bearing factory- applied (lead) coatings. 3. 金属家具物品(但非金属儿童家具),带有含铅涂料. § 1303.4 Banned hazardous products. 1303.4 禁止使用的有害产品. The following consumer products, manufactured after February 27, 1978, unless exempted by § 1303.3, are banned hazardous products (see definitions in § 1303.2): 制造日期为1978年2月27日以后的消费品除了1303.3所免除的,都为禁用危险品。(详见1303.2的定义) (a) Paint and other similar surface-coating materials which are ‘‘lead-containing paint.’’ A. 含铅油漆和其它类似的表面涂层材料. (b) Toys and other articles intended for use by children that bear ‘‘lead-containing paint.’’ B. 带含铅油漆的玩具和其它为儿童制作的产品。 (c) Furniture articles that bear ‘‘lead-containing paint.’’ C. 带含铅油漆的家具产品。 § 1303.5 Findings. 1303.5 依据. (a)The degree and nature of the risk of injury. A. 受伤风险的程度与性质. (1) The Commission finds that the risk of injury which this regulation is designed to eliminate or reduce is lead poisoning in children. The adverse effects of this poisoning in children can cause a range of disorders such as hyperactivity, slowed learning ability, withdrawal, blindness, and even death. The final Environmental Impact Statement on Lead in Paint which is on file with the President’s Council on Environmental Quality (and available for inspection in the Office of the Secretary) contains in appendix A a detailed discussion of the health effects of lead in paint. These effects will only be summarized here. 1. 该委员会发现确有儿童铅中毒受伤的危险, 而这个条例的目的是消除或减轻其不利的影响。儿童铅中毒可引起一系列的疾病, 如多动症, 学习能力低下, 失明, 甚至死亡. 对含铅油漆的对健康的影响的详尽讨论, 列于最终的《环境影响声明》,录入总统内阁的《环境质量》卷案中的附录A (可到国务卿办公室里查阅),这些影响只在这里作了总结. (2) Lead is a cumulative toxic heavy metal which, in humans, exerts its effects on the renal, hematopoietic, and nervous systems. Newer concepts indicate that there are three stages to childhood lead poisoning. The adverse health effects in the first stage are not clinically present but metabolic changes can be observed. During the second stage or symptomatic stage such symptoms as loss of appetite, vomiting, apathy, drowsiness, and inability to coordinate voluntary muscle movements occur. The after effects of this stage include seizure disorders as well as various behavioral and functional disorders which are often included under the heading of minimal brain dysfunction. Studies suggest that this syndrome may include hyperactivity, impulsive behavior, prolonged reaction time, perceptual disorders and slowed learning ability. The adverse health effects of the third stage may be permanent and can include blindness, mental retardation, behavior disorders, and death. 2. 铅是一种可体内积累的有毒重金属, 它会影响到人类的肾脏,造血干细胞和神经系统. 最新资料显示, 儿童铅中毒分3个阶段: 第一阶段无临床症状, 但可觉察出新陈代谢的变 化; 第二阶段为征兆阶段, 症状为食欲不振, 呕吐, 冷漠, 嗜睡, 四肢活动失调, 后期病症为突然发作的混乱和各种行为和功能失调, 其中包括脑部供能失调, 研究显示, 该病症可能包括多动,冲动行为, 延长反应时间, 感知障碍, 学习能力低下; 第三阶段则可造成永久性的影响,包括失明,智力迟钝, 行为失常, 甚至死亡. (3) The Commission notes that children with pica are of special concern with regard to lead poisoning. Pica, the repetitive ingestion of nonfood substances, occurs in 50 percent of children between the ages of one and three, and studies indicate that at this age lead is absorbed more rapidly than lead is absorbed in adults. Pica for paint is believed to be episodic and can occur 2 to 3 times a week. 3. 委员会指出关于铅中毒方面, 值得特别关注是异食癖患儿, 异食癖表现为经常摄取非食品物质, 50%出现于年龄介于1-3岁的儿童, 研究表明, 在这个年龄段对铅的吸收比成人更迅速. 对涂料的异食癖被认为是时有发生的,一个星期可能出现2至3次. (4) The Commission also notes that there are no reports of injuries caused by lead paint poisoning in the Commission’s National Electron ic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) data, which reflect hospital emergency room treatment. Lead paint poisonings result from a chronic hazard rather than from an acute hazard of the type generally treated in emergency rooms; and NEISS reporting, therefore, does not reflect this type of chronic hazard or injuries. 4. 委员会还注意到, 用于反映医院急诊治疗的全国电子损伤监视系统( NEISS)的数据中无含铅油漆中毒人员伤亡的报道. 含铅油漆中毒所导致的是一种慢性危害, 而不是出现需要急诊室处置的急性症状。因此NEISS报告无法反映出这一类型的慢性危害或伤害。 (5) Former U.S. Surgeon-General Jesse L. Steinfeld, however, estimated in 1971 that 400,000 pre-school American children have elevated body lead burdens. The National Bureau of Standards in 1972 estimated that 600,000 young children have unduly high lead blood content. 5. 前美国外科负责人Jesse L. Steinfeld, 估计在1971年, 美国有400000个学前儿童已经体内铅负担增高. 国家标准局1972年评估有600000名少儿血液有短期铅含量过高. (b) Products subject to this ban. B. 牵涉到该禁令的产品. (1) The products banned by this rule are listed in § 1303.4. 1. 禁用产品已列于1303.4 (2) The term paint comprises a variety of coating materials such as interior and exterior household paints, varnishes, lacquers, stains, enamels, primers, and similar coatings formulated for use on various surfaces. Based on 1976 data, the Commission estimates that over 400 million gallons of paint a year valued at approximately $2.5 billion could potentially be subject to this rule. 2. 涂料方面, 包括一系列的涂层材料,如室内和室外家用油漆, 清漆, 漆渍, 釉面, 底漆及类似配制的可用于各种表面的涂料. 基于1976年的数据, 该委员会估计每年有超过400万加仑, 价值约25亿美元的油漆牵涉到该禁令. (3) All products commonly known as toys and other articles intended for the use of children are subject to this rule. The categories of products within this classification are numerous and include items and equipment for play, amusement, education, physical fitness, and care of children. Retail sales in 1976 of products considered to be toys or other articles intended for use of children are estimated at around $4 billion. 3. 被判定为玩具和其他儿童用品, 将牵涉到该禁令. 产品种类分类繁多, 包括用于游戏,娱乐, 教育, 健身, 和照看幼儿的物品和设备. 作为玩具或其他儿童用品, 1976年销售额估计为约40亿美元. (4) For the purposes of this rule, furniture articles are certain movable articles used to support people or things or other functional or decorative furniture articles such as couches, beds, tables, chairs, chests, and the like. Appliances and similar equipment, household fixtures, and certain other household items such as window shades, blinds, wall hangings, and the like are not included within the definition of furniture. The regulation applies to furniture for use in households, schools, in recreation, or otherwise. In 1972, the value of shipments of items of furniture such as those named above was as follows: wood household furniture $2,716 million; metal household furniture $859 million; wood television and radio cabinets $293 million; and $190 million for other household furniture made of plastic, reed and rattan. (Not included in the above are some $2 billion worth of upholstered furniture and $300 million in convertible sofas, chair beds and studio couches.) 4. 针对于该法令, 家具定义为某些可移动的物品, 用以支持的人或事物或其他功能性或装饰物品的家具,如沙发,床,桌,椅,柜,及其他等.家电及类似设备, 家庭电器,以及其他一些生活用品,如遮光帘,百叶窗,壁挂, 以及不在定义内的类似物品. 该规章适用于在家庭,学校,娱乐,还有在其他方面的家具。1972年, 上述家具的船运货品价值如下:木材家具美元2,716 万元; 金属家具8.59亿美元; 木质电视柜和视听柜2.93亿美元; 其他塑料家具, 芦苇和藤190万美元。(上述还不包括某些价值20亿美元的软垫家具, 和3亿美元的折叠沙发, 沙发床和三用沙发)。 (c) Need of the public for the products and effects of the rule on their utility, cost, and availability. (1) The public need for paints of various types and for furniture and other articles is substantial and well established. The Commission finds that the need of the public for paint containing more than 0.06 percent lead or for the affected products that are coated with materials containing more than 0.06 percent lead is limited. The Commission has determined that there are products containing more than the 0.06 percent level of lead which meet a public need and for which substitutes are either not available or are not sufficiently effective and to which access by children to the coatings or the surfaces to which they are applied is unlikely. Accordingly, these products have been specifically exempted from the scope of the regulation in § 1303.3. C. 公众对产品的需求, 及规则对其性能、成本和易获得性的影响。 1. 公众有用于家具和其他物品的各类型涂料的需求。委员会发现,对超过0.06%含铅漆, 或是涂层中含有超过0.06%的铅的产品的需求, 很有限。委员会认为, 某些产品中含有超过0.06%的铅, 但符合消费者的需求, 而替代品并不存在或效果不佳, 应用场合小孩子也不可能接触的到的, 相应地,这些产品在§ 1303.3.规则中已作豁免。 (2) The Commission finds that the effects of this rule on the cost, utility, and availability of paints and painted articles will be small. The Commission notes that over 95 percent of latex-based and nearly 70 percent of oil-based paints have lead levels at or below the level set by part 1303. (i) Costs. The Commission estimates that the added costs to the consumer for paints affected by this rule will not exceed 5 to 10 cents per gallon. Costs to consumers for furniture and for toys and other articles intended for the use of children are not expected to increase as the result of compliance with the regulation. 2. 委员会认为该法令在涂料的成本、功能性、实用性和相应产品上的影响很小。委员会注意到超过95%的乳胶漆和将近70%油性涂料中的铅含量满足或低于1303规定的水平。 (i)成本. 受此规则影响, 委员会推测涂料所转嫁到消费者身上的成本每加仑不会超过 5~10美分。对于家具、玩具和其他儿童用品,增加到消费者身上的成本,预计不会增加。 (ii) Utility. The Commission finds that for water-based or latex paints and coatings subject to this rule, reducing the amount of allowable lead to 0.06 percent will not have adverse effects on their utility. For certain solvent-thinned coatings, however, lead driers will have to be replaced by non-lead driers such as zirconium to comply with the 0.06 percent level (Driers are not used in latex paints). An impact on the paint industry may result because current nonlead driers may not dry satisfactorily in low temperatures or high humidity conditions, and so the painting industry in some areas at certain times of the year may suffer a reduction of effective painting time. (ii)性能。委员会认为对于该法令,水性涂料或乳胶性漆和涂料,将其中的铅含量降低至0.06%, 对这些材料的功能不会产生负面作用。但是对某些稀释性溶解涂料,含铅剂将要被无铅催干剂来替代,比如锆,以符合低于含铅0.06%的标准(乳胶性涂料不需催干剂)。对涂料行业造成的冲击, 是由于目前无铅催干剂在低温或是高湿度条件下效果不好,因此一些地区的喷涂行业在年内某些时间段, 将会受影响, 缩减可喷涂的工作时间。 (iii) Availability. Substitutes at comparable prices are available for paints and for products banned by this rule. The Commission believes that the reduction of lead to a level of 0.06 percent will not affect the availabilty of water-based or latex paints. Sales of such coatings currently exceed sales of solvent-based coatings, and because of the drying problem mentioned above, the trend toward increased use of water-based paints may be accelerated somewhat by the effects of the ban. (iii)易获得性. 对于受此条款的禁用的油漆, 价格相近的替代物很容易获得。委员会认为铅含量减低至0.06%的水平将不会影响水性涂料或是乳胶涂料的易获得性。目前这种涂料的销售量已经超过了溶剂性涂料, 由于前面提到的干燥问题,受到禁令的影响,水性涂料使用量趋势在一定程度上会进一步增加。 (d) Alternatives. D. 其他 (1) The Commission has considered other means of achieving the objective of this rule, but has found none that would cause less disruption or dislocation of manufacturing and other commercial practices, consistent with public health and safety. 1. 委员会也考虑过达到该法令目的的其他方法,但尚未寻找到一种能给生产或商业活动带来较少混乱及保证公众健康和安全的方法。 (2) The Commission estimates that this ban may, because of testing costs and the necessity for improved housekeeping practices in the manufacture of paint and similar surface-coating materials to prevent lead contaimination, have some relatively minor adverse effect on individual firms within some markets. 2. 委员会预计, 对于由于测试费用, 和一些用于在生产涂料和相似表面涂料材料的过程中提高环境保护来防止产生铅污染的必需物,此法令在某些市场上对单个企业有相对较小的副作用。 (3) The Commission, however, finds that competition will not be adversely affected by this rule. Although costs of reformulation and testing may be relatively higher for small manufacturers than large manufacturers, these costs are not so onerous as to lead to greater concentration in the industry. The period of time before the effective date is sufficient to minimize problems of compliance with the rule. 3. 但是,委员会发现该法令对市场竞争并不会造成负面影响。尽管与大的制造商相比,小规模制造商重新配方和测试的费用的投入相对高些,但这些成本也并不是高得离谱。在法令正式生效前的这段时间, 足以用来把达到法令要求的这个问题解决好。 (4) The reduction of the permissible level of lead in paint will affect paint manufacturers, raw materials suppliers, professional and non-professional painters, and manufacturers of furniture and children’s articles. For those producers of paint which are already subject to the regulations under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA), the impact of this CPSA ban will involve only a change to non-lead driers since lead pigments are precluded from practical use under the 0.5 percent lead restriction now in effect under the FHSA (16 CFR 1500.17(a)(6)). The manufacturers of some painted furniture who were not affected by the 0.5 percent limit under the FHSA may now be, if they use lead pigments or driers. Producers of children’s articles who were subject to the 0.5 percent FHSA limit will have to ensure that the paint they use conforms to the 0.06 percent level. 4. 降低涂料中可接受的铅含量, 会对涂料生产商、原材料供应商、专业及非专业油漆公司、家具和儿童产品制造商产生影响。1. 对那些已经符合“联邦有毒物质法令(FHSA)”低于0 5.%含铅要求, 已经使用无铅颜料的油漆制造商来说,此CPSA法令FHSA (16 CFR 1500.17(a)(6))的影响将仅限于改用无铅催干剂,。2. 对于一些使用涂料的家具制造商而言,以前FHSA的要求下铅含量低于0.5%可能不受影响,但如果使用含铅颜料或是催干剂, 将会受到法令的影响。3. 那些曾经符合FHSA铅含量限制在0.5%的儿童用品制造商们, 现在必须要保证他们使用符合0.06%的涂料。 ` (e) Conclusion. E. 结论 The Commission finds that this rule, including its effective date, is reasonably necessary to eliminate or reduce the unreasonable risk of lead poisoning of young children that is associated with the banned products which are described in § 1303.4 and that promulgation of the rule is in the public interest. 委员会指出, 该法令,包括它的生效日期,对于消除或降低受1303.4中相关受禁产品影响的儿童铅中毒的高风险,是相当必要的. 该法令符合公众利益.