大学英语精读第五册课后习题答案

第一课 Vocabulary work 一 1. given 2. at a glance 3. fluency 4. Given 5. hopefully 7. define 8. looked him up 9. no good 10. quoted, context 11. guidance 12. immediate 13. disgust 14. come across 15. put into practice 16. scope 二 1. washed his hands of 2. given 3. putting…into practice 4. was confronted with 5. countering 6. were reduced to eating 7. at a glance 8. took refuge in 9. less practicable 10. countered 11. dedication 12. in disgust 13. relied on 14. for their part 15. gave up 三 1. Without suitable entertainment, these young people often get bored and take refuge in drinking and taking drugs. 2. The school washed its hands of the students’ behavior during the sp ring recess. 3. The innocent girl was reduced to crying at his cruel remarks. 4. Many difficult words are out of the scope of his learner’s dictionary. 5. The thief admitted his guilt as soon as he was confronted with evidence. 6. The incident should be viewed in the wider context of the political turmoil of that time. 四 1. has come down 2. came to 3. comes out 4. come up with 5. come in 6. came across 7. has come about 8. come off 9. come to 10. give up 11. was given back 12. gave away 13. gave out 14. give in 15. gives off/out cloze 1. express 2. both 3. intended 4. still 5. where 6. personal 7. of 8. them 9. make 10. before 11. still 12. before 13. fluent 14. while 15. enough 16. on 17. in 18. In 19. Find 20. Who 21. carefully 22. to 23. possible 24. make 25. depend 26. than 27. made 28. use 29. phrases 30. above 31. on 32. demonstrate 33. out 34. writing Passage Translation To master a large vocabulary is crucial to the fluency in a foreign language. It is showed by the statistics which are unofficial but frequently quoted concerning the Cambridge First Certificate examination that those students with a vocabulary of less than 3,500 words are less likely to succeed in the exam. The latest research also indicates that native speaker of English knows at least 16,000 English words, when he has received education until he’s 18 or more. Unless you are proficient in a language such as Spanish or German, there is no shortcut to a large vocabulary: you have to depend on diligence and dedication. Of course, you can infer from context the meaning of some new words you come across in reading., but often you have to consult a dictionary to clarify the exact meanings. A practical method to learn new words may be reading widely, especially reading those interesting and exciting. Repeatedly, the same books is often beneficial to you: each time you read it you’ll learn different new words, and the familiar context also helps you to engrave these new words on your mind deeply. 第二课 Vocabulary work 一 1.Notions inhabited 2.Denial 3.Independent 4.Realistic 5.Pass for 6.Consequent 7.A handful of 8.As opposed to 9.Urged influential 10.Eternal 11.In search of 12.Cherish 13.Related 14.Denial, was opposed to 15.Haunted 16.Discerned 二 1.Combat 2.Capabilities 3.Eternal 4.Opposed to 5.In search of 6.Stake …on 7.No wonder 8.In the light of 9.Discern 10.Paralyzed 11.Crying out for 12.Awaken to 13.Consequent 14.Sensitive to 三 1.She showed a complete lack of interest in the subject under discussion. 2.Now that she’s got a part-time job, she is financially independent of her family. 3.As a charity, we provide food and shelter for people in need, regardless of the reasons for their need. 4.These stars are barely visible to the naked eyes. 5.The depression that started in mid-1929 was a catastrophe of unprecedented dimensions for the United States. 6.Even to this day, the hunger he suffered in his childhood still haunts him. 7.Robert overcame his shyness which had formerly paralyzed him in Mary’s presence. 8.The fall in the cost of living is directly related to the drop in the oil price. 四 1. I don’t think it is realistic to turn to him for help. As a matter of fact, he himself is in need of help. 2. More and more people are being awakened to the urgent need of combating air pollution. 3. There are visible signs that some of the time-honored old traditions and values are no longer cherished by the young people. 4. Many of us find the notion of a boundless universe is hard to grasp. 5. There being so many loopholes in the laws and regulations, it is little wonder that a handful of speculators got rich overnight. 6. An unprecedented boom in tourism brought sudden prosperity to the small border town, which was formerly inhabited by only three hundred people. 7. In the light of this information, that country already has the capabilities to make nuclear weapons. 8. Regardless of repeated warnings from his friends, he staked all his money on high-risk ventures. Cloze 1. Other 2. Magazines 3. Consider 4. Times 5. Answered 6. Ways 7. Questions 8. Offer 9. Differ 10. For 11. Themselves 12. To 13. Open 14. Making 15. So 16. Single 17. With 18. Others 19. Young 20. Private 21. Than 22. Curriculum 23. Kinds 24. Should 25. Amount 26. Or 27. Charge 28. What Error Correction 1.Must-can 2.Start-starting 3.Go后加to 4.Learn后加from 5.That-what 6.Are-were 7.You 前加if 8.Imaginative-unimaginative 9.Inspite - despite 10.Way+out 第三课 Vocabulary work 一 1. Accordingly 2. Credits 3. Ideal 4. Honorable 5. Conceive of 6. Defect 7. In short 8. Premise 9. Objective 10. Concept 11. Triumph 12. Induce 13. Vicious 14. Venture 15. As the case may be 16. verified 二 1. ideal 2. objective 3. negative about 4. honorable 5. external 6. as the case may be 7. premise 8. prevailed upon 9. defects 10. accordingly 11. is not consistent with 12. constructed 13. conceive of 14. verify 15. induce 16. vicious 三 1. This medicine is for external use, not to be taken orally. 2. It never occurred to him that people could deliberately do harm to others purely out of malice. 3. At the reception, an atmosphere of warm friendship prevailed there. 4. Many women can identify with the movie’s heroine, who struggles to gain respect and fulfill her ambtions. 5. He claimed credit for the success of this project even though he had contributed very little. 6. Women are often the first to fall victim to rising unemployment at a time of recession. 7. What he does isn’t consistent with her says. 8. I will start working or pursue graduate studies, as the case may be. 四 1. Set up 2. Set aside 3. Set back 4. Set out 5. Set about 6. Set off 7. Was going on 8. Went out 9. Go by 10. Has gone without 11. Go after 12. Went through with 13. Go over 14. Go into 15. Went off 16. Are going in for Cloze 1. As 2. In 3. Confirm 4. Stupid 5. Way 6. Rather 7. That 8. Out 9. Longer 10. How 11. From 12. Sales 13. To 14. Continued 15. More 16. Still 17. Not 18. Self-image 19. Certain 20. From 21. From 22. come Passage Translation If you set out to do some business but failed, do not lose your confidence. There are great differences between that “I failed three times” and that “I am a failure”. As long as you try to learn from you failure instead of holding a negative view about yourself or identifying with failure, you are very likely to succeed in the future. Have you ever thought that those who have failed again and again are always the victims of bad self-image? They failed often because of not external reasons but internal reasons. Countless examples verify that if those people could be prevailed on to change their view and set up positive self-image, their performance would change miraculously. Success can come at any time, whenever you are thirty, forty or when it seems that you have failed all your life. Success in early years is sweet, but the late one is more tasty. 第四课 Vocabulary work 一 1.Blessing 2.Borders 3.Childish 4.Desperation 5.Mercy 6.Signature 7.Steadily 8.Stand out 9.Came over 10.Broke his heart 11.Pay back 12.Flung 13.Consent 14.Hold your tongue 二 1. Held his tongue 2. Blessing to 3. Flung 4. Forgive 5. Thankful 6. Pay you back 7. Did me a bad turn 8. Border 9. Mercy 10. With the consent 三 1. For God’s sake, tell me how you feel about the whole arrangement. 2. Our military forces are fully prepared for the execution of the order of the military commission. 3. They have so far collected more than 5,000 signatures for the petition against the new land development. 4. His condition has gone steadily worse since he was defeated in the presidential election. 5. A feeling of faintness suddenly came over me, so that I had to lie down. 6. It will break your mother’s heart when she finds out that y ou’re cheated on exams and had been dismissed from school. 7. As an extremely accomplished violinist, he stood out from all the other amateur musicians. 8. His recommending you to the personnel manager did you a good turn. 四 1. Somebody says that the best response to unfair criticisms is to forgive and forget. 2. For God’s sake, why didn’t you call me? 3. I kicked the door open with desperation, and found him lying in the bed unconsciously. 4. The mechanician flung the tools with anger, never to continue. 5. Mark was so childish that he left the meeting just because some representatives contested his ideas. 6. She was thankful that she kept her job when most of her co-workers were laid off. 7. Courage, selflessness and strength of will stand out all over the Gadfly. 8. If you build an extension to your house without the consent of the local planning authorities, you will be ordered to demolish/pull down what you have built. 五 1. Took off 2. Take to 3. Took on 4. Taken on 5. Took for 6. Takes after 7. Took down 8. Taken in 9. Took over 10. Taken up 11. Take in 12. Take up 13. Paying for 14. Paid off 15. Pay back 16. Pay up, paid up 17. Paid off. Cloze 1. Up 2. Drew 3. Belong 4. Out 5. Like 6. Away 7. Presence 8. After 9. Bewildered 10. His 11. In 12. Over 13. On 14. Voice 15. Contracted 16. On 17. Must 18. Arrested 19. True 20. Still 21. With 22. To 23. Out 24. With 25. Seized 26. Fault 27. Instant 28. Struck 29. Over 30. But 31. Round 32. alone Error Correction 1. obvious 前加of 2. Furthermore-However 3. To-on 4. Look-see 5. None-all 6. Other-another 7. Violate-violating 8. Fiction前加in 9. Involving-involved 10. Are-were 第五课 Vocabulary work 一 1.Distinguish between 2.In practice 3.To the contrary 4.Procedures 5.In principle 6.Proportional 7.Rebels 8.Strive for 9.Replaced 10.Outcome 11.Adopted 12.Criterion 13.Abandoned 14.Appointed 15.Banned 16.Effective 17.Formulated 18.Ingredients 19.Circulated 20.Retain 21.Rebel 22.condemned 二 1. took his word for it 2. formulated 3. in practice 4. met with 5. representing 6. strive 7. immense 8. infinite 9. adopt 10. appointed 11. circulates 12. retaining 13. are subjected to 14. its outcome 15. modified 16. condemned 17. suppressing 18. largely 19. ingredient 20. criteria 三 1. Take my word for it, you’ll buy nothing but trouble if you buy that house. 2. Dr. Li has always been credited with being able to understand and sympathize with his patients. 3. If I don’t hear anything to the contrary, I’ll come to meet you on July 8th. 4. It’s very important to follow the safety procedures laid down in the service manual. 5. The police found out what the terrorists were up to before they could carry out their bomb attack. 6. The new Medicare program puts a high premium on prevention and primary care. 7. Back then at home we were banned to read children’s comics because my parents thought they were not a good influence. 8. It is very essential that children be taught to distinguish right from wrong. 9. The number of representatives of each state is proportional to the size of its population. 10. A novelist cannot be a great on unless he has a well developed insight into human nature. 11. More and more people have come to realize that cancer of the lung has more to do with smoking than with anything else. 12. Late frosts account for the poor fruit-crop of this year. 13. An effective way to reduce labor cost is to use robots replacing workers. 14. What’s the matter with you to day? Whatever I say you contradict. Cloze 1. Questions 2. Solving 3. Out 4. Between 5. Establishing 6. These 7. With 8. Science 9. Do 10. In 11. So 12. Universe 13. Highest 14. Dislikes 15. Did 16. Unpleasant 17. Believe 18. Hear 19. Flying 20. Breathe 21. Age 22. Terms 23. Reverse 24. Serve 25. Those 26. Themselves 27. to Passage Translation Scientists are a small group of people who are striving to gain insight into nature and seek for laws in the superficial disorder. They have a special ability to think and analyze, and unlimited patience in observing and collecting date. However , not all scientific discoveries can be ascribed to abilities and patience; they usually connect closely with creative imagination. Of course, the leap of imagination is often the first step leading to discoveries. Moreover , scientists are famous for their honesty. They put a high premium on honesty, mainly because that honesty is cardinal to their career. Every theory they put forward has to be further tested. Every error and lie are sure to be found. So, if finding some evidence contradiction with their ideas, scientists modify even abandon their ideas, instead of concealing them. In this way, they accumulate an immense amount of knowledge, which can help us understand ourselves and surroundings better. 第六课 Vocabulary work 一 1. Smoothly 2. Handicap 3. For fear 4. Clumsy 5. Make a point of 6. As a matter of course 7. Highlight 8. Took great delight in 9. Ill at ease 10. Adapt 11. Role 12. Oblivious 13. Revolt 14. At the mercy of 15. Just as well 16. Flight 二 1. Departure 2. Clumsy 3. Ill at ease 4. Bump into 5. Handicaps 6. Highlights 7. Takes great delight in 8. At the mercy of 9. For fear 10. Oblivious to 11. Role 12. Smoothly 13. Sore 14. Trapping 15. Unloading 16. Collapsed 三 1. It took Bob about two weeks to adapt himself to his new job as sales manager. 2. The manager’s secretary makes a point of arriving at he office fifteen minutes early every moring. 3. It’s just as well you didn’t come yesterday, we were not here. 4. The small grocer was at the mercy of the people he owed money to. 5. Bank officials always ask questions as a matter of course when someone wants to borrow money. 6. It revolted me to learn that the world spent so much money on arms while millions of people were dying of hunger. 四 1. The highlight of the circus performance was the panda’s representation. Its clumsy and funny acting amused all the spectators. 2. It’s just as well you didn’t take the flight of Swiss Airline yesterday-it crashed one hour after taking off and all the 229 people on plane were killed. 3. He never considered that when somebody wanted to help the handicapped girl, she would feel ill at ease. 4. As a person taking delight in controlling everything and getting interest from ordering, Charles adapted quickly the new role of the company’s general manger. 5. In the past twelve years, Amy has learned to live depending on herself. She takes delight in self-reliance and doing everything by herself. 6. Amy refused to go out with Charles as a matter of course, because she disliked to be treated as a handicapped person dependent on others. 五 1.Pull(yourself) together 2.Pulled down 3.Pulled in 4.Pull through 5.Pulled up 6.Pulling out 7.Pull on 8.Pulled out 9.Look up 10.Looked on 11.Look up to 12.Look out 13.Look up 14.Look into 15.Looked on 16.Look down upon 17.Look back 18.Looking through 19.Looked over 20.Looked in Cloze 1. Am 2. Remember 3. Color 4. Again 5. Things 6. Occurred 7. Day 8. Blind 9. Prefer 10. Them 11. What 12. To 13. Make 14. More 15. Easy 16. In 17. Call 18. See 19. Learn 20. That 21. Have 22. Rest 23. Self-confidence 24. Something 25. Despite 26. Person 27. Where 28. Series 29. Time 30. No 31. Reach 32. Failure 33. But 34. made Error Correction 1. by-in 2. or-and 3. described as 4. controllable-uncontrollable 5. power-powers 6. joined-entered 7. be blind 8. years-year 9. it去掉 10. breaking-broken 第七课 Vocabulary work 一 1.Virtual 2.Reconciliation 3.Deliberately 4.Fury 5.Essence 6.Rational 7.Get to the point 8.Go out of my mind 9.Immersed in 10.Precisely 11.In the midst 12.Lost his nerve 13.Supreme 14.Apology 15.Invasion 16.Muttering 二 1. Lousy 2. Lost my nerve 3. Immersed in 4. Alleged 5. Deliberately 6. Involving her in 7. Upset 8. Ironic 9. Get to the point 10. Fury 11. Hang up 12. Rational 13. The instant 14. Fierce 15. Instantly 16. Squeeze 三 1. Because of the bank’s refusal to give him another loan, Morris had to abandon the project. 2. Although both of them wanted the reconciliation and become friends again, neither was prepared to make the first move. 3. The old lady took fright when a gunman suddenly appeared in front of her. 4. Bob seems to know with instinct which products will sell. 5. The organizers of the appeal are reaching out to the public in order to get their help. 6. I must make an apology-I’m afraid I opened your letter by mistake. 四 1. Cut off 2. Cut back 3. Cut in 4. Cut across 5. Cut down 6. Cuts in 7. Cut off 8. Cut off 9. Hangs back 10. Hang up 11. Hanging about 12. Hung together 13. Hang on 14. Hang on to Cloze 1. Other 2. With 3. Increased 4. For 5. Last 6. Who 7. Adult 8. Summed 9. In 10. Who 11. Better 12. Teach 13. Without 14. As 15. View 16. Generation 17. Granted 18. Only 19. Decision 20. important Passage Translation One day, we received an invitation from my father to his sixtieth birthday party. Jenny regarded it as my father’s actively reaching out to a reconciliation, so we should accept it. I was in the midst of abstracting an important case and preparing for the coming examinations at that time, hence I only used the simplest words to tell her no day to reconcile forever. My refusal apparently made Jenny depressed, but as a rational woman, she didn’t quarrel with me. She just tried to persuade me. But it only made me furious, thinking that Jenny made me upset deliberately. I must have been crazy them, because I did a thing for which I would never forgive myself-I shouted at Jenny and hurled the telephone at her. But once I threw it, I regretted. When I turned back to see her, she had disappeared. I went out to look for her everywhere, but in vain. I was scared to death, not knowing what to do next. When I was going to give up, I suddenly saw Jenny sitting in front of our house. I walked forward to her, saying “Jenny, I’m sorry-” But she interrupted my apology and said, ”love means not ever having to say you’re sorry.”第八课Vocabulary Work 一 1.dense 2.accompanied 3.confess 4.fascinated 5.evoked 6.voluntary 7.intellect 8.in sequence 9.chorus 10.distinguished himself 11.deviated from 12.lit up 13.over the hill 14.talking shop 15.put...back together 16.uncertain 二 1.fascinated 2.distinguished himself 3.an amazing 4.accompany 5.confess 6.random 7.reigned over 8.overwhelmed 9.glows 10.boundary 11.deviated from 12.distinguished 13.dimensions 14.come to anything 15.over the hill 16.broke down 三 1.To my surprise,they agreed to all our demands. 2.Television has robbed cinema of its popularity. 3.The government is defending its economic policies against a chorus of criticism. 4.The manager's explanation evoked even greater anger from the employees. 5.When the doctor told him he had lung cancer,Jim was to so overwhelmed that he didn't know what to do. 6.The new method deviated totally from the traditional approach and the results were far more satisfactory. 四 1.When I was a child,I was fascinated by the idea of taking a round-the-world journey,and used to stay in my grandfather's sanctum for several hours,rolling the globe and imagining the places to travel. 2.This afternoon a time bomb exploded at one of the largest supermarkets in London,which evoked a great horror among people. 3.Accompanied with his father,Bill went to the police station and confessed to the policeman that he had robbed an old man of his gold watch two weeks before. 4.After engaged to Jane,Stephen started working hard for the first time in his life.Before long the distinguished himself as a young theoretical physicist. 5.Professor Stone was well-known for his sternness.But, to people's surprise, his speech at his daughter's wedding last Saturday was jolly and full of humor. 6.To our surprise, there are so many people willing to do voluntary work for the community's benefit. 五 1.broke up 2.broke out 3.have broken through 4.broke down 5.broke in 6.broke down 7.had been broken into 8.broke away from 9.broke in 10.breaks up 11.turn into 12.turned in 13.turn up 14.was turned down 15.turning out 16.have turned ... into 17.turn down 18.had turned over 19.turned out 20.turned ...over 21.turn in 22.turned up cloze 1.first 2.wheelchair 3.height 4.weigh 5.suffered 6.worsening 7.harmed 8.things 9.is 10.difficult 11.those 12.down 13.hold 14.take 15.if 16.details 17.at 18.to 19.books 20.progress 21.conferences 22.disease 23.stay 24.law 25.difficult 26.simplest Error Correction 1.been diagnosed 2.progress-progressvie 3.with-on 4.satisfy-satisfying 5.apparent-apparently 6.the-/ 7.belief-disbelief 8.annoyed-annoying 9.have-having 10.nurse-nurses 第九课 Vocabulary Work 一 1.on the right track 2.wary of 3.comes down to 4.conservative 5.historical 6.corporate 7.leap 8.sum up 9.weighted down 10.luxury 11.guarantee 12.policy 13.lucky 14.stack the odds against 15.diminished 16.take a chance 二 1.will come down to 2.terrific 3.shooting from the hip 4.out of date 5.lucky 6.make a move 7.sum up 8.on the right track 9.weighted down 10.holding out for 11.guarantee 12.ruthless 13.target 14.wary of 15.a certainty 16.gamble 三 1.There is nothing you can say that will diminish his enthusiasm for the project. 2.He has so many enemies in the town that the odds are heavily stacked against his being elected to the council. 3.There is still no certainty that a cease-fire agreement will be reached between the two sides. 4.It's always been Dr.Dryden's policy never to lie to his patients. 5.Sleeping in a warm bed was a luxury for the earthquake victims. 6.A lot of new words are out of date very quickly. 四 1.brought out 2.bring up 3.brought to 4.bring...together 5.bringing down 6.bringing back 7.bring about 8.bring down 9.bring out 10.brought (them)together 11.held(us)back/up 12.holding out for 13.hold on to 14.hold on 15.hold in/back 16.held out/on 17.held up 18.hold back 19.hold (himself)in cloze 1.computer 2.problem 3.much 4.with 5.to 6.people 7.look 8.more 9.to 10.with 11.do 12.way 13.what 14.in 15.affect 16.get 17.die 18.with 19.many 20.run 21.a 22.how 23.how 24.and 25.take 26.now 第十课 Vocabulary Work 一 1.guilty of 2.flames 3.equality 4.reminds of 5.was stripped of 6.bankrupt 7.destiny 8.legitimate 9.despair 10.discrimination 11.architect 12.had underestimated 13.cool off 14.horror 15.threshold 16.crippled 二 1.fallen heir to 2.obligation 3.legitimate 4.fatigue 5.fatal 6.thirst 7.transforms 8.bankrupt 9.In a sense 10.defaulted on 11.speeding up 12.sacred 13.tied up with 14.horror 15.underestimate 16.cool off 三 1.The man confessed he had been guilty of theft. 2.David got in despair as he read the examination questions. 3.We are on the threshold of a new era in genetic engineering. 4.He was stripped of his knighthood after he was found guilty. 5.A taste of power left him with a thirst for more power. 6.Some of the basic industries of that country have been crippled as a result of a series of strikes. 四 1.The increasing prosperity of the country in a sense owes the government's policy of economic reform. 2.The Negro leader regarded it as his sacred obligation to devote himself to realizing racial equality. 3.In 1976, the three main architects of the People's Republic-Premier Zhou Enlai, Marshal Zhu De and Chairman Mao Zedong died in sequence. 4.I reminded that he had the headmaster more than once of his promise to protect the retired teachers' legitimate behalf. 5.The main idea of the story is that one's destiny ties up with the whole country's. 6.The riches the youth fell heir to made him realize his dream. 五 1.stood up for 2.stand by 3.stand up for 4.stood for 5.stand by 6.stand up to 7.stood out 8.stand for 9.sit in 10.sat on 11.sit down 12.will sit for/sat for 13.sit up for 14.sitting on 15.sits up Close 1.form 2.free 3.colonial 4.nonviolent 5.unjust 6.lives 7.to 8.could 9.of 10.segregation 11.conditions 12.already 13.came 14.returning 15.when 16.on 17.not 18.spread 19.attend 20.decided 21.lasted 22.effective 23.laws 24.victory 25.come Error Correction 1.is前面加it 2.done-made 3.Yet-For 4.difficult-easy 5.historical-history 6.and-but 7.appear-disappear 8.dissatisfied-satisfied 9.true-truth 10.was-were