Unit 2跨文化交际课后题答案

Unit2跨文化交际课后题答案UnitTwoCultureShockⅠ.Fillinblanksa.Inaformalwesternmeal,you’reofferedasecondhelpingbutyouhavealreadyhadenough.Youshouldsay“______”. ThatwasdeliciousbutI’vealreadyhadplenty,thanks.b.Taboosarewords,expressions,etc.thatareconsideredasbeing______or______.unpleasant,disgustingc.______isaculturethatscoreshighonindividualism.Individualcultured.Socialdistancereferstothedegreeof______or______betweentwocultures. similarity,dissimilaritye.Becauseoftheir______,individualistsgivelittlethoughttothe______ofothers.Butcollectivistscareverymuchwhatothersintheirgroupsthinkanddonotliketobethetargetsof______and_______. independence, evaluations,scrutiny,criticismⅡ.KeyTermsa.cultureshockb.collectivistculturec.hospitalityd.politenesse.privacyⅢ.ShortAnswera.Whatarethefivebasicthemesinindividualistculture?b.Whyistherealackofconcernatpublicdisplaysofphysicalorsexualintimacy?c.What‘sthedifferenceontendencyforforeignerstotreatstrangersbetweenIndividualismandCollectivismTheories?Ⅳ.Casestudy(1)Analyzethecaseandtrytofindthemisunderstandingbetweenthegirlandthewesterner.AwesternerinvitedaChinesegirltohavelunchandtakeatouraroundtheBritishParliament.Infact,thegirldidn'thavethelunchjustbecausewhenthewesterneraskedher"Areyouhungry?"Thegirlansweredno.Thentheydidn'thavelunchtogether.(2)CanyoufindsomedifferencesinhospitalitybetweenaChineseandEnglish?Whatarethereasons?AnEnglishguest:Eachtimeanewdisharrivedhisparentswouldleanoverandloadmyplatewithtastymorsels.AstheyhadtakenallthetroubletocookitIjusthadtopolishitoff.Assoonasmyplatewasemptytheywouldputmoreon.Ofcourse,Ifeltduty-boundtoearthattoo.AChineseguest:CanyouimaginehowmanydishesIhad?Oneone--astewwithmeatandvegetables.Themeatwasoverdoneandtoohardtoeat;greenvegetableswerenolongergreen.Theyneverputfoodonyourplatebutjustaskyoutohelpyourself.Ifyou,asaguest,areshyormodest,waitingforthefoodtobeputonyourplate,youwillremainhalf-starved.KeytoUnitTwoⅠ.Fillinblanksa.ThatwasdeliciousbutI’vealreadyhadplenty,thanks.b.unpleasant,disgustingc.Individualcultured.similarity,dissimilaritye.independence, evaluations,scrutiny,criticismⅡ.KeyTermsa.cultureshock:Itisapsychologicalphenomenonthatisexperiencedmostoftenbythosewho,whethervoluntarilyorinvoluntarily,intheprocessofadjustingthemselvestoanewculture.b.collectivistculture:Itisaculturethatplaceslittlevalueonindividualidentityandgreatvalueongroupidentity.c.hospitality:Itmeanscordialandgenerousreceptionofordispositiontowardguests.d.politeness:Itreferstoconsiderationforothers,tact,andobservanceofacceptedsocialusage.e.privacy:Itcouldbeunderstoodastherightofanindividualtoself-determinationastothedegreetowhichtheindividualiswillingtosharewithothersinformationabouthimselfthatmaybecompromisedbyunauthorizedexchangeofsuchinformationamongotherindividualsororganizations.Ⅲ.ShortAnswera.1)Thereisatendencyforforeignerstotreatstrangersasequals,seeninthepolitenesswithwhichforeignerstreatout-groupmembersandtheirwillingnesstofollowpublicrulesandlawsthatguaranteetherightsofall.2)Thereisadesireforindependenceandseparateness,foundinforeigners'needsfortheirownprivacyandautonomyandinthefreedomtheygivetochildren.3)Thereisalackofinhibitiononthepartofforeignersintermsofexpressivebehaviors,seenintheirlackofconcernaboutdrawingattentiontothemselvesandtheirwillingnesstodisclosefeelingsandemotions.4)Thereisalackofunderstandingifthereciprocalbondsanddutiesthatregulatein-groupmembers,foundinforeigners'casualattitudestowardshospitality.5)Thereisalackofconcernatpublicdisplaysofphysicalorsexualintimacy.b.Thereasonmightbethateventhefreedomwithwhichforeignersexpressloveandsexualdesirecanbeseenasavalorizationoftheindividual'spursuitofpersonalpleasureandhappiness.Thatthisisoffensivetocollectivistsisnotsurprising,asintensedyadicfusionisakindofpersonalinvolvementthatdrawsloyaltyonattentionfromthegroupandfocusesitonindividualneeds.c.Individualiststendtobelieveinequality;theircommunicationnormsstressequaltreatmentofsubordinateandsuperior,friendandstranger.Incontrast,collectivists’communicationnormsoftenstressdeference;acleardemarcationismadebetweenone’streatmentofthoseaboveandbelowoneinthesocialhierarchy.Clearly,toacollectivist,thewayindividualiststreatstrangerswillseemunusualandunnecessarilypolite.Ⅳ.Casestudya.Themistakeisthatthewesternerusedhisquestionasaninvitation.Thegirlunderstooditonlyasaquestion.AccordingtotheChinesetradition,themanshouldhaveinvitedhertolunchsincetheirappointmentwastohavelunchfirst.b.Yes.TheChinesestudentfeltdisappointedatBritishhospitalitybecausesheusedtheChinesewayofshowinghospitalitytojudgetheBritishone.InthestorytakingplaceinChina,thewesternercouldn'timaginethatthereshouldbesixteendishespreparedforher.Whensheatefromtheeightcolddishes,shecouldn'teatanymore.ItisbecauseaWesternmealnormallyseversonemaincourseplusastarterandsweetsordesserts.Thefactisthatdifferentpeopleintheworldshowtheirdifferenthospitalityindifferentways.