精选文库2012年专业英语考试试题及参考答案PartⅠVocabularyandStructure(1×30points)Directions:Thereare30incompletestatementsinthispart.YouarerequiredtocompleteeachonebychoosingthemostappropriatewordorexpressionfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,thenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEET.aresaidtobetheworld’sbestwatchmakers.A.SwissesB.TheSwissesC.TheSwissD.Swissisnoreasonfordischarginghim.A.OwingtoafewminuteslateB.DuetoafewminuteslateC.BecausehewasafewminuteslateD.Thefactthathewasafewminuteslate21.Thesebookscangivea(n)tochildren’sreadingwhentheyfindthattheycanreadafamiliarstorywithlimitedvocabulary.A.boostB.impactC.effectD.sense22.Toourhorror,wefoundthattheroomofdeath,withdriedbloodonthefloor.A.relatedB.involvedC.smelledD.connected23.Peoplehavetomakefortheiroldagebyputtingasideenoughmoneytoliveonwhenold.A.supplyB.provisionC.assuranceD.adjustmentTherattlesnakeisnowontheendangeredspecieslist,andisextinctintwoeasternstateswhereitonce.A.thrivedB.swelledC.prospectedD.flourished25.IamnotwithmyroommatesbutIhavetosharetheroomwiththem,becauseIhavenowhereelsetostay.A.concernedB.compatibleC.considerateD.compliedAofthelongreportbythebudgetcommitteewassubmittedtothemayorforapproval.A.shorthandB.schemeC.scheduleD.sketch27.Themanagergaveoneofthesalesgirlsanaccusinglookforherattitudetowardcustomers.A.impartialB.mildC.hostileD.opposing28.AfewmilesdowntheroadJoesawacafe,andwentintoabitetoeat.A.squeezeB.seizeC.grabD.catch29.HehasfailedmesomanytimesthatInolongerplaceanyonwhathepromises.A.faithB.beliefC.confidenceD.reliance30.Theybelievethatcamerasinpublicplacesarehelpfulinfightingcrimesandtheydonotreallyprivacy.—精选文库A.breakB.invadeC.disturbD.interruptPartⅡReadingComprehension(2×20points)Directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorincompletestatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandthenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEET.Childrenhavetheirownrulesinplayinggames.Theyseldomneedareferee(裁判)andrarelytroubletokeepscores.Theydon’tcaremuchaboutwhowinsorloses,anditdoesn’tseemtoworrythemifthegameisnotfinished.Yet,theylikegamesthatdependalotonluck,sothattheirpersonalabilitiescannotbedirectlycompared.Theyalsoenjoygamesthatmoveinstages,inwhicheachstage,thechoosingofleaders,thepickingupofsides,orthedeterminingofwhichsideshallstart,isalmostagameinitself.Grownupscanhardlyfindchildren’sgamesexciting,andtheyoftenfeelpuzzledatwhytheirkidsplaysuchsimplegamesagainandagain.However,itisfoundthatachildplaysgamesforveryimportantreasons.Hecanbeagoodplayerwithouthavingtothinkwhetherheisapopularperson,andhecallfindhimselfbeingausefulpartnertosomeoneofwhomheisordinarilyafraid.Hebecomesaleaderwhenitcomestohisturn.Hecanbeconfident,too,inparticulargames,thatitishisplacetogiveorders,topretendtobedead,tothrowaballactuallyatsomeone,ortokisssomeonehehascaught.Itappearstousthatwhenchildrenplayagametheyimagineasituationundertheircontrol.Everyoneknowstherules,andmoreimportantly,everyoneplaysaccordingtotherules.Thoserulesmaybechildish,buttheymakesurethateverychildhasachancetowin.Whatistrueaboutchildrenwhentheyplaygames?Theycanstopplayinganytimetheylike.Theycantesttheirpersonalabilities.C.Theywanttopickupabetterteam.D.Theydon’tneedrules.Tobecomealeaderinagamethechildhasto.A.playwellB.waitforhisturnC.beconfidentinhimselfD.bepopularamonghisplaymates33.Whatdoweknowaboutgrownups?A.Theyalenotinterestedingames.B.Theyfindchildren’sgamestooeasy.C.Theydon’tneedareasontoplaygaines.D.Theydon’tunderstandchildren’sgames.Whydoesachildlikeplayinggames?Becausehecanbesomeoneotherthanhimself.Becausehecanbecomepopularamongfriends.—精选文库C.Becausehefindsheisalwaysluckyingames.D.Becausehelikestheplacewhereheplaysagame.35.Thewriterbelievesthat.A.childrenshouldmakebetterrulesfortheirgamesB.childrenshouldinvitegrownupstoplaywiththemC.children’sgamescandothemalotofgoodD.childrenplaygameswithoutreasonsThefoodweeatseemstohaveprofoundeffectsonourhealth.Althoughsciencehasmadeenormousstepsinmakingfoodmorefittoeat,ithas,atthesametime,mademanyfoodsunfittoeat.Someresearcheshaveshownthatperhapseightypercentofallhumanillnessesarerelatedtodietandfortypercentofcancerisrelatedtodietaswell,especiallycancerofthecolon.Differentculturesaremorelikelytocausecertaindifferentillnessesbecauseofthefoodthatischaracteristicofthesecultures.Thatfoodisrelatedtoillnessisnotanewdiscovery.In1945,about35yearsago,governmentresearchersrealizedthatnitrates(硝酸盐),commonlyusedtopreservethecolorinmeats,andotherfoodadditives,causedcancer.Yet,thesecarcinogenicadditivesremaininourfood,anditbecomesmoredifficultallthetimetoknowwhichthingsonthepackaginglabelsofprocessedfoodarehelpfulorharmful.Theadditiveswhichweeatarenotallsodirect.Farmersoftengivepenicillintobeefandlivinganimals,andbecauseofthis,penicillinhasbeenfoundinthemilkoftreatedcow.Sometimessimilardrugsaregiventoanimalsnotformedicalpurposes,butforfinancialreasons.Thefarmersaresimplytryingtofattentheanimalsinordertoobtainahigherpriceonthemarket.AlthoughtheFoodmadDrugAdministration(FDA)hastriedrepeatedlytocontroltheseprocedures,thepracticescontinue.36.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.DrugandFoodB.CancerandHealthC.FoodandHealthD.HealthandDrugWhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Drugsarealwaysgiventoanimalsformedicalreasons.B.Someoftheadditivesinourfoodareaddedtothefooditselfandsomearegiventothelivinganimals.C.Researchershaveknownaboutthepotentialdangersoffoodadditivesforoverthirtyfiveyears.D.Foodmaycausefortypercentofcancerintheworld.Howhassciencedonesomethingharmfultomankind?Becauseofscience,diseasescausedbypollutedfoodhavebeenvirtuallyeliminated.Ithascausedalackofinformationconcerningthevalueoffood.C.Becauseoftheapplicationofscience,somepotentiallyharmfulsubstanceshavebeenaddedtofood.D.Thescientistshavepreservedthecolorofmeats,butnotofvegetables.39.Whatarenitratesusedfor?—精选文库A.Theypreserveflavorinpackagedfoods.B.Theypreservethecolorofmeats.C.Theyaretheobjectsofresearch.D.Theycausetheanimalstobecomefatter.40.Theword“carcinogenic”mostnearlymeans“”.A.troublemakingB.colorretainingC.moneymakingD.cancercausingWaterproblemsinthefuturewillbecomemoreintenseandmorecomplex.Ourincreasingpopulationwilltremendouslyincreaseurbanwastes,primarilysewage.Ontheotherhand,increasingdemandsforwaterwilldecreasesubstantiallytheamountofwateravailablefordilutingwastes.Rapidlyexpandingindustrieswhichinvolvemoreandmorecomplexchemicalprocesseswillproducelargevolumesofliquidwastes,andmanyofthesewillcontainchemicalswhicharenoxious.Tofeedourrapidlyexpandingpopulation,agriculturewillhavetobeintensified.Thiswillinvolveeverincreasingquantitiesofagriculturalchemicals.Fromthis,itisapparentthatdrasticstepsmustbetakenimmediatelytodevelopcorrectivemeasuresforthepollutionproblem.Therearetwowaysbywhichthispollutionproblemcanbedwindled.Thefirstrelatestothetreatmentofwastestodecreasetheirpollutionhazard.Thisinvolvestheprocessingofsolidwastes“priorto”disposalandthetreatmentofliquidwastes,oreffluents,topermitthereuseofthewaterorminimizepollutionuponfinaldisposal.Asecondapproachistodevelopalleconomicuseforallorapartofthewastes.Farmmanureisspreadinfieldsasanutrientororganicsupplement.Effluentsfromsewagedisposalplantsareusedinsomeareasbothforirrigationandforthenutrientscontained.Effluentsfromotherprocessingplantsmayalsobeusedasasupplementalsourceofwater.Manyindustries,suchasmeatandpoultryprocessingplants,arecurrentlyconvertingformerwasteproductsintomarketablebyproducts.Otherindustriesarepotentialeconomicusesforwasteproducts.Thepurposeofthispassageis.A.toalertthereadertothedwindlingwatersupplyB.toexplainindustrialusesofwaterC.toacquaintthereaderwithwaterpollutionproblemD.todemonstratevariousmeasurestosolvethepollutionproblemWhichofthefollowingpointsisNOTincludedinthepassage?Industrialdevelopmentincludesthesimplificationofcomplexchemicalprocesses.Dilutingwastesneedscertainamountofwater.C.Demandsforwaterwillgoupalongwiththeexpandingpopulation.D.Intensivecultivationoflandrequiresmoreandmorechemicals.Thereadercanconcludethat.countriesoftheworldwillworktogetheronpollutionproblembyproductsfromwastesleadtoamoreprosperousmarketplace—精选文库C.scienceismakinggreatprogressonincreasingwatersuppliesD.someindustriesarenowmakingeconomicuseofwastesTheauthordevelopsthepassagethroughtheuseof.interviewswithauthoritiesinthefieldofwatercontrolsopinionsandpersonalobservationsC.definitionswhichclarifyimportanttermsD.strongargumentsandpersuasionsThephrase“priorto”(Para.2)probablymeans.A.afterB.duringC.beforeD.beyondDianaJacobthoughtherfamilyhadaworkableplantopayforcollegeforher21yearoldtwinsons:acombinationofsavings,income,scholarships,andamodestamountofborrowing.Thenherhusbandlosthisjob,andtheplanfellapart.“lhavetwokidsincollege,andIwanttosay‘comehome’,butatthesametimeIwanttoprovidethemwithagoodeducation,”saysJacob.TheJacobfamilydidworkoutasolution:Theyaskedandreceivedmoreaidfromtheschools,andeachsonincreasedhisborrowingtothemaximumamountthroughthefederalloanprogram.Theywilleachgraduatewith$20,000ofdebt,butatleasttheywillbeabletofinishschool.Withunemploymentrising,financialaidadministratorsexpecttohearmorefamiliesliketheJacobs.Morestudentsareapplyingforaid,andmorefamiliesexpecttoneedstudentloans.Collegeadministratorsareconcernedthattheywillnothaveenoughaidmoneytogoaround.Atthesametime,tuitioncontinuestorise.AreportfromtheNationalCenterforPublicPolicyandHigherEducationfoundthatcollegetuitionandfeesincreased439%from1982to2007,whileaveragefamilyincomerosejust147%.Studentborrowinghasmorethandoubledinthelastdecade.“Ifwegoonthiswayforanother25years,wewon’thaveanaffordablesystemofhighereducation,”saysPatrickM.Callan,presidentofthecenter.“Themiddleclassfamilieshavebeenfinancingitthroughdebt.Theywillsendkidstocollegewhateverittakes,evenifthatmeansahugeamountofdebt.”Financialaidadministratorshavebeenhavingahardtimeasmanycompaniesdecidethatstudentloansarenotprofitableenoughandhavestoppedmakingthem.Thegoodnews,however,isthatfederalloansaccountforaboutthreequartersofstudentborrowing,andthegovernmentsaysthatmoneywillflowuninterrupted.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whydidtheplanofJacobfamilyfail?A.Thetwinswastedtoomuchmoney.B.Thefatherwasoutofwork.C.Theirsavingsranout.D.Thefamilyfellapart.HowdidtheJacobsmanagetosolvetheirproblem?A.Theyaskedtheirkidstocomehome.—精选文库B.Theyborrowed$20,000fromtheschool.C.Theyencouragedtheirtwinsonstodoparttimejobs.D.Theygothelpfromtheschoolandthefederalgovernment.Financialaidadministratorsbelievethat.A.morefamilieswillfacethesameproblemastheJacobsthegovernmentwillreceivemorelettersofcomplaintC.collegetuitionandfeeswilldoublesoonAmerica’sunemploymentwillfallWhatcanwelearnaboutthemiddleclassfamiliesfromthetext?Theyblamedthegovernmentforthetuitionincrease.Theirincomeremainedsteadyinthelastdecade.C.Theywilltrytheirbesttosendkidstocollege.D.Theirdebtswillbepaidoffwithin25years.Accordingtothelastparagraph,thegovernmentwill.A.providemoststudentswithscholarshipsB.dismisssomefinancialaidadministratorsC.stopthecompaniesfrommakingstudentloansD.goonprovidingfinancialsupportforcollegestudentsPartⅢCloze(1×20points)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassageandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEET.“Longtimenosee”isaveryinterestingsentence.WhenIfirstreadthissentencefromanAmericanfriend’semail,Ilaughed.Ithoughtitwasaperfect51ofChinglish.Obviously,itisawordbywordliteraltranslationoftheChinesegreetingswitha52Englishgrammarandstructure!Lateron,myfriendtoldmethatitwasastandardAmerican53.Iwastoothrilledtobelieveher.Herwordscouldnot54meatall.SoIdida55ongoogle.com.Tomysurprise,thereareover60thousandwebpages56“Longtimenosee”.Thissentencehasbeen57usedinemails,letters,newspapers,movies,books,oranyotherpossibleplace.Thoughitis58informal,itispartofthelanguagethatAmericansusedaily.59,ifyoutypethisphraseinMicrosoftWord,the60willtellyouthatthegrammarneedstobecorrected.Nobodyknowsthe61ofthisChinglishsentence.SomepeoplebelievethatitcamefromCharlieChan’smovies.Inthe1930s,Hollywoodmoviemakerssuccessfully62aworldwidefamousChinesedetectivenamed“CharlieChan”onwidescreens.DetectiveChanlikedtoteachAmericanssomeChinesewisdom63quotingConfucius.“Longtimenosee”becamea64phraseintherealworld65thepopularityofthesemovies.Somepeople66Americatoahugemeltingpot.Allkindsofcultureare67inthepottogether,andthey68thecolorandtasteofeachother.AmericanChinese,thoughaminorityethnicgroupintheUnitedStates,isalso69somechangestothestew.Languageisusuallythefirstthingtobe70inthemixedpot.—精选文库51.A.exampleB.signC.wordD.change52.A.damagedB.perfectedC.learnedD.ruinedA.customB.greetingC.habitD.proverbA.feelB.encourageC.convinceD.believeA.jobB.reasearchC.surveyD.searchA.containingB.printingC.publishingD.expressingA.widelyB.hardlyC.seldomD.deeplyA.lotofB.plentyofC.lotsofD.sortofA.UnfortunatelyB.LuckilyC.IronicallyD.SuddenlyA.hardwareB.softwareC.operatorD.speakerA.useB.originC.expressionD.meaningA.createdB.publishedC.didD.discoveredA.byB.inC.withD.ofA.ordinaryB.rareC.modernD.popularA.inspiteofB.astoC.thankstoD.butforA.compareB.addC.joinD.oweA.joinedB.mixedC.compiledD.doneA.improveB.changeC.lowerD.promoteA.owingB.puttingC.takingD.contributingA.influencedB.mentionedC.usedD.consideredPartⅣErrorCorrection(2×10points)Directions:Thereare10sentences.EachofthefollowingsentenceshasfourunderlinedpartsmarkedA,B,C,andD.Youarerequiredtoidentifytheonethatisincorrect,andthenwritethecorrespondingletterandthecorrectanswerontheANSWERSHEET.Theboy’sAfaceBislikeChisfatherD.FewApeopleinBthevillagesurvivedfromCtheearthquaketwoweeksagoD.73.TheChineseRedCrossisAoneBofthevolunteerorganizationsCwhichDpurposeistohelpthesickandtheneedy.NothadAstudiedBhislessonswell,ChefailedDintheexam.AhousebuiltAofbricklastsBlongerthantheonethatisCmadeofwoodsD.ThehardershetriedAtoimproveherdancing,theworstBsheperformedCbeforethelargeDaudience.WithoutAthesunwewouldBfreezetodieCandstarveinDalmosttotaldarkness.HavingattendedAthetrainingsinceBtwomonths,thetraineesnowarequiteproficientCinDusingcomputers.ByAthetimeyouwillBcomeback,weshallhavehadCourfinalexaminationD.IwouldliketotellAyouagainthatBmyrequestisCthattheseinnocentpeopleareDsetfreeimmediately.PartⅤTranslation(20points)SectionA(5×2)—精选文库Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChineseandwriteontheANSWERSHEET.81.MostmenandmorethanhalfofthewomenintheU.S.work.Asamatteroffact,manypeoplewhoarelazyanddon’tworkforalivingarelookeddownupon,suchaspeoplewhohavegotafortunefromtheirparents,orthosewhoreceivemoneyfromthegovernmentwhentheyareyoungenoughtotakeajob.Weenjoytravellingasameanstobroadenourminds,increaseourknowledge,andenjoynewscenery,andnoonewouldbothertobuythetickets,takethecrowdedbusesandseekaccommodationsontheirown,ifgivenachoice.Bychoosingatravelagency,itwillbooktheroundtriptickets,arrangetheaccommodations,diningchoicesandroutesinadvance.SectionB(2×5)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishandwriteontheANSWERSHEET.我一直铭记着这样一句话:“三思而后行”。有迹象
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关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf
明中餐馆正受到越来越多的外国人的青睐。尽管网上书店常有折扣,但不要期望能省多少钱。他一直在努力学习以赶上班上其他同学。这个问题这么复杂,我们要花很长时间才能解决它。PartⅥWriting(20points)Directions:WriteacompositiononthetopicTheNecessityofPsychologicalCourses.Youshouldwritenolessthan150wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below.PleasewriteontheANSWERSHEET.越来越多的院校增设了心理学课程;开设心理学课程的必要性;自己的看法。—