2021届新高考英语二轮复习艺体生专用课件-第一部分-核心词汇讲练集锦

第一部分核心词汇讲练集锦1.1核心词汇1.2核心短语ABCDEFGHIKLMNOPRSTWABCDEFGHIKLMNOPRSTUW1.1核心词汇A1.abandonvt.抛弃;遗弃;放纵【拓展延伸】abandonedadj.被遗弃的;废弃的abandononeselfto(doing)使自己沉迷于……;纵情于……beabandonedto(doing)沉迷于……;纵情于……【即景活用】①他将头伏在手臂上,陷入悲痛之中。Helethisheadfallonhisarmand                 grief.②然而,由于财政问题,这些 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 被放弃了。However,theseplanswere    (abandon)becauseoffinancialproblems.abandonedhimselftoabandoned2.absentadj.缺席的,不在场的【拓展延伸】absence缺席;不在【短语联想】beabsentfrom缺席,不在in/duringsb.'s/sth.'sabsence＝in/duringtheabsenceofsb./sth.(人)不在时;缺少(物)absenceofmind心不在焉;精神恍惚intheabsenceof由于缺乏【即景活用】①Threestudentsare      (absence)fromschoolbecausetheyaresick.②我不在时,由莱顿女士负责。MsLeightonwillbeincharge      .③由于缺钱,他们回了家。      moneytheywentbackhome.absentin/duringmyabsenceIntheabsenceof3.absorbedadj.精神集中的;专注的【短语联想】beabsorbedinsth./doingsth.专注于某事/做某事【例句再现】①Thecleverboyabsorbedalltheknowledgehisteachercouldgivehim.那个聪明的男孩把老师所能教给他的所有知识都吸收了。②Timepassesquicklywhenyou'reabsorbedinreadingagoodbook.当你全神贯注地读一本好书的时候,你会觉得时间过得很快。【即景活用】单句语法填空Inthefollowingtwohourshewasabsorbed      theperformance,becauseitturnedouttobeaswonderfulashehadexpected.in4.accessn.接近;通路;接近或进入的权利/机会/通路v.进入;存取(尤指电脑数据)【拓展延伸】accessibleadj.可进入的;可使用的【短语联想】haveaccessto…接近……的机会;进入……的权利beaccessibleto可进入……;可使用……;易接近……5.accidentn.①（交通）事故;意外遭遇;不测事件acar/road/trafficaccident车祸;公路事故;交通事故②意外;偶然的事Itisnoaccidentthatmenfillmostofthetopjobsinnursing.男人担任护理中大多数最重要的工作绝非偶然。【短语联想】byaccident偶然地（教材原句）InThailandyoumustn'ttouchsomeoneonthehead,evenbyaccident.在泰国,你不能碰别人的头,即使偶然也不行。【拓展延伸】accidentaladj.意外的;偶然的happeningbychance;notplanned意外的;偶然的onpurpose＝bydesign＝deliberately故意地,有意地byaccident＝bychance＝accidentally偶然【即景活用】①我在街上偶然碰上一位老朋友。Iranintoanoldfriendinthestreet      .②不对！你是故意的。Itwasn't!Youdidit      .byaccidentonpurpose/bydesign6.accommodatevt.容纳(乘客等);供应;使适应;迁就;向……提供 vi.适应【拓展延伸】accommodationn.住宿;膳宿【短语联想】accommodatesth.tosth.使……适应/迁就/迎合accommodatesb.forthenight留某人过夜accommodatesb.withsth.帮忙;给……提供方便accommodateoneselfto使自己适应于……【即景活用】①Aftertheearthquake,thefirstthingthelocalgovernmentdidwastoprovide     （accommodate）forthehomelessfamilies.②我会使我的计划迎合你的计划。Iwill      myplans     yours.accommodationaccommodateto7.accompanyv.陪同;陪伴【短语联想】accompanysb.onatrip陪同某人一起旅游accompanysb.tosp.陪某人去某地beaccompaniedby附有,伴随companyn.公司;陪伴;一群人;宾客keepsb.company陪伴某人incompanywith与……一起【例句再现】①Sheaccompaniedherfriendtotheconcert.她陪同她的朋友去听音乐会。②Iaccompaniedhimonthetrip.我陪他一起去旅游。【名师点睛】accompany陪同,相当于goalongwith,而keepsb.company仅表示“与某人待在一起”。【即景活用】单句写作①天气特别糟糕,狂风夹着暴雨。Theweatheristerrible,strongwinds      .②伴随着音乐,孩子们跳起舞来。      bymusic,thechildrenbegantodance.accompaniedbyheavyrainAccompanied8.accountn.①账户;②描述;叙述;报告v.认为是;视为【短语联想】giveanaccountof对……进行描述onaccountof由于takeaccountofsth.＝takesth.intoaccount把……考虑在内onnoaccount决不accountfor是……的原因;解释;（数量上、比例上）占【即景活用】①警察描述了交通事故的经过。Thepoliceman                      thetrafficaccident.②由于天气不好,我们把启程的时间推迟了。Wedelayedourdeparture                 thebadweather.③你决不应该失去信心。                  shouldyouloseheart.④他无法解释为什么缺席了今天的课程。Hecan't            hisabsencefortoday'sclasses.⑤Wemust                        (把安全考虑在内)beforeclimbingthehighmountain.Onnoaccountaccountfortakesafetyintoaccountgaveanaccountofonaccountof9.achievementn.成就,功绩【拓展延伸】achievevt.达到（目的）;取得（胜利）;完成【词汇联想】achieveone'spurpose达到目的achievesuccess获得成功achievevictory获得胜利achievemodernization实现现代化【即景活用】①成功与否不应只用学业成绩来衡量。Successshouldnotbemeasuredsolelybyeducational      (achieve).②他希望尽快达到所有目标。Hehopesto      soon.achievementachieveallhisaims10.adaptv.使适应,使适合（新用途、新情况）【短语联想】adaptto适应adaptoneselfto…使自己适应……adapt…from…根据……改编adapt…for…改编……为……所用【即景活用】如果你能对某事适应,你可以改变以使情况更好。Ifyoucan      something,youcanchangeinordertomakethesituationbetter.【拓展延伸】比较adapt和adoptadaptv.使适应,使适合（新用途、新情况）adoptv.收养;领养;采用（某方法）;采取（某态度）adaptto11.addv.增加;加添【短语联想】add…to…往……加入……addto增加;增添(多用于抽象意义)addup把……加起来;合计addsth.up加起来共计/达(不用于被动语态)12.additionn.加;加法;增加物【拓展延伸】additionaladj.附加的;额外的;外加的additionalresources/funds/security额外资源;附加基金;外加保安措施【短语联想】inaddition=aswell=besides另外,相当于副词inadditionto=aswellas=besides除……之外（还）,相当于介词【名师点睛】inaddition是副词短语,常放在句首,也可放在句中及句末。13.adjustvt.调整,调节,使适应【拓展延伸】adjustmentn.调整,调节【短语联想】adjustoneselfto使自己适应……adjuststh.tosth.调节/调整……以适应……makeanadjustmentto…对……作调整【即景活用】①公司对我的薪金作了调整。Thecompany      tomysalary.②你适应学校生活了吗？Haveyouyour     schoollife？madeanadjustmentadjustedyourselfto14.affordvt.买得起;有能力支付;(有时间)做;承担得起(后果);提供;给予【拓展延伸】affordableadj.能承担得起的【短语联想】affordtodo负担得起做某事(的费用)affordsb.sth.＝affordsth.tosb.给予某人某物;提供给某人某物15.agreevi.&vt.意见一致;同意;赞同;相符;（事实、陈述等）彼此一致【拓展延伸】disagreevi.不同意;不一致aagreementn.[U]同意;一致[C] 协议 离婚协议模板下载合伙人协议 下载渠道分销协议免费下载敬业协议下载授课协议下载 ;协定disagreementn.不一致;争论;意见不合agreeableadj.宜人的;同意的;可接受的【短语联想】agreetodosth.同意做某事agreewith同意(意见);与……一致;(气候、食物等)适合agreeonsth.(双方)就某事达成一致意见agreeabout就某方面商讨reach/cometo/arriveat/makeanagreementwith…与……达成协议inagreement一致agreedtoagreewith【即景活用】①没有人真正知道他为什么同意拍那部电影。Noonereallyknowswhyhe      dothefilm.②我同意他对形势的分析。I      hisexplanationofthesituation.16.aimn.目标;目的(可数名词);瞄准;对准(不可数名词)v.瞄准;对准;目标在于;以……为目标【短语联想】aimtodosth.意义打算/旨在做某事aimat/beaimedat(doing)sth.瞄准;旨在(做)某事aim…at…用……对准……withtheaimof…目的是……;以……为目标withoutaim无目的地【即景活用】①他的目标是成为一个成功的作家。He               asuccessfulwriter.②猎人用枪对准那头狮子。Thehunter      hisgun      thelion.③我来这儿的目的是尽可能做得很好。Iamhere                  ofdoingaswellaspossible.aimstobeaimedatwiththeaim17.applyv.申请,应用,运用【拓展延伸】application申请;应用applytosb.forsth.向某人申请某物applyto适用于;向……申请applyfor申请apply…to…将……应用到……applyoneselfto专心致志于……【即景活用】①有300多人申请这6个职位。Thereweremorethan300      forthesixjobs.②在接下来的几个月里,他专心致志地改进技术。Overthenextmonths,heappliedhimselfto      (improve)thetechnique.③我写信是想申请学生志愿者的职位。I'mwritingtoapply     thepositionasastudentvolunteer.applicationsimprovingforB1.bann.［C］禁止,禁令vt.明令禁止,取缔【搭配】putabanonsth.禁止某事bansb.from(doing)sth.禁止某人（做）某事beunderaban被禁止【即景活用】①他被取消了出席会议的资格。Hewasbannedfromthe     .②他被禁止驾驶六个月。He            fromdrivingforsixmonths.meetingwasbanned2.believe相信【拓展延伸】beliefn.信念,信仰(pl.-s)-disbelief【短语联想】believein信奉,信仰,信任believeitornot(插入语)信不信由你【即景活用】①眼见为实。Seeingis      （believe）.②Thatmanhasastrongin      (believe)God.believingbelief3.benefitv.受益,有益于n.益处【拓展延伸】beneficialadj.~(tosth./sb.)有利的;有裨益的;有用的【短语联想】bebeneficialtosb./sth.对……有益(to为介词)benefitfrom/by从……受益forthebenefitof为了……的利益beofbenefit有益,有好处【即景活用】①阅读使我受益匪浅。Ihave      alot     reading.②父母的介入并不像想象的那样有益。Parentalinvolvementisnotso      asexpected.③工人们正在市里建造一座桥。这项工程对每个人都有益。Workersarebuildingabridgeinthiscity.Thisprojectis      toeveryone.benefitedfrombeneficialbeneficial/ofbenefit4.blamen.(对错事或坏事应负的)责任【短语联想】blamesb.forsth.因某事而责备某人betoblame该受责备,应承担责任blame…on…把……归咎于……【即景活用】①他责备你玩忽职守。Heblamedyou     theneglectofduty.②那起交通事故不应该责怪司机。Thedriverwasnot      forthetrafficaccident.③别想赖我!Don'ttrytoblameit      me!fortoblameon5.bookvt.预订;给(某人)预订(飞机座位、房间等)n.书【例句再现】Hewassoanxioustoreturnhomethathehadbookedatrainticketbeforethevacationbegan.他回家心切,还没放假就预订好了火车票。【短语联想】book(sb.)in/into为……预订;为……办理登记手续booksth.down记账;登记book(sth.)up预订;订满book其后的宾语是表示票、座位、房间等的词order其后的宾语是表示货物、饭菜、衣服等的词,尤指书面下订单【即景活用】①所有的旅馆整个季节都已预订出去。Allthehotelsare      fortheseason.②我们为你在普拉扎旅馆预订了两晚的房间。We'v      eatthePlazafortwonights.【拓展延伸】bookedbookedyouin6.bornadj.天生（有某方面才能）的【短语联想】beborn(tobe)生来就是……beborntodo注定,(适合于)bebornto/of出身于【即景活用】①他生来注定会成功。Hewasborn      .②他出生于一个农民家庭。Hewasborn     afarmer.tosucceedto/of7.breathevi.呼吸【拓展延伸】breathn.呼吸,气息breathlessadj.气喘吁吁的【短语联想】breathein吸气breatheout呼气outofbreath气喘吁吁地,上气不接下气地holdone'sbreath屏住呼吸loseone'sbreath喘不过气来takeadeepbreath深吸一口气(＝breathedeeply)takeone'sbreathaway使某人吃惊【即景活用】①医生叫我吸气然后慢慢地呼出。Thedoctortoldmeto     andthen      slowly.②他心脏状况不佳使他呼吸急促。Hisbadheartconditionmakeshim      .③你能屏住呼吸多久？Howlongcanyou      for?breatheinbreatheoutoutofbreathholdyourbreath8.burdenn.（义务、责任等的）重担,负担tobear/carry/ease/reduce/sharetheburden承受/担负/减轻/减少/分担重担【短语联想】burden…with…使……担负……beburdenedwith担负着,为……所累Themanhadtoworkhardbecausehewasburdenedwithalargefamily.那个人不得不努力工作,因为他要养活一大家子人。【即景活用】①单句语法填空      (burden)withhisfather'sdebt,Tomhastakenanotherjobduringhissparetime.②单句写作他们正在向卡车上装货物。Theyare      thetruck     goods.Burdenedburdeningwith9.burn燃烧;烧【短语联想】burnup被烧光,被烧毁burndown烧毁,烧光,烧尽burnaway烧毁burntotheground被烧成平地【即景活用】①屋子在消防员赶到之前就烧光了。Thehousehad      beforethefiremengotthere.②莫斯科大火将近1170万公顷的森林夷为平地。Moscowfires      nearly11.7millionhectaresforest.③Thehotelwascompletely      (burn)out,andonlythewallsremained.burntupburntdownburned【名师点睛】burnout既可作及物动词词组,也可作不及物动词词组。10.burstv.（使）爆裂,胀开【短语联想】burstoutdoing突然……起来burstinto闯入;突然……起来burstintotears＝burstoutcrying突然大哭起来burstintolaughter＝burstoutlaughing突然大笑起来burstopen=burst(sth.)open【拓展延伸】当表示“突然……起来”时burstout后跟动词-ing形式,burstinto后跟名词。【即景活用】①当我看见她的穿着时,我几乎忍不住大笑起来。Ialmost      laughingwhenIsawwhatshewaswearing.②警察冲进房间抓住了杀人犯。Thepolice      thehouseandcaughtthemurderer.③听到那个好消息,他们突然大笑起来。Hearingthegoodnews,they      laughing.＝Hearingthegoodnews,they      laughter.burstoutburstintoburstoutburstintoC1.calmadj.平静的;镇静的vt.使平静;使镇定n.平静;无风【短语联想】keep/staycalm保持镇静calmdown(使)平静下来;(使)镇定下来2.cautionn.小心,谨慎;警告,告诫vt.警告,告诫【拓展延伸】cautiousadj.谨慎的cautiouslyadv.谨慎地【短语联想】becautiousabout对……小心谨慎withcaution小心翼翼【即景活用】①Weshouldbevery      (caution)aboutgivingourpersonalinformationtostrangers.②男生们在拼写时比以前更加小心,以避免发生错误。Theschoolboysaremore      nottomakeanymistakesinspellingthaneverbefore.③表达你的意见时,要谨慎。Youshouldbecautious      expressingyouropinions.④他总是小心行事。Healwaysproceeds     caution.cautiousaboutwithcautious3.cheervt.向……欢呼;使振奋vi.&n.欢呼,喝彩【拓展延伸】cheerfuladj.兴高采烈的cheerfullyadv.愉快地【短语联想】Cheerup！振作起来！/提起精神！(常用作交际用语)cheersb.up使某人高兴起来cheersb.on为某人加油/鼓劲Cheers！干杯！(祝酒用语)【即景活用】—I'mthinkingofthetesttomorrow.I'mafraidIcan'tpassthistime.—Cheer     ！I'msureyou'llmakeit.up4.celebratevi.&vt.庆祝;颂扬;赞美【拓展延伸】celebrationn.庆典,庆祝【短语联想】incelebrationofsth.为……举行庆祝活动holdacelebration举行庆典celebrate表达“庆祝,祝贺”之意时,是指以仪式、典礼等活动庆祝令人欢乐的事件或日子。后接表示事情、活动等意义的名词作宾语congratulate表达“祝贺”某人时,是指自己对某人的祝贺,常用congratulatesb.onsth./doingsth.其名词形式为congratulation,常用复数形式,可单独使用,也可用congratulationstosb.onsth.的形式【即景活用】①狂欢节成了一个庆祝自由的节日。Carnivalbecamea      （celebrate）offreedom.②我们参加了庆祝他们金婚纪念日的聚会。Weattendedthepartyincelebration     theirfiftiethweddinganniversary.【名师点睛】celebrationof5.certainadj.确实;确定;肯定【拓展延伸】certaintyn.[C]确实的事;必然的事【短语联想】Itiscertainthat/wh-从句……是确定无疑的,确定的becertaintodosth.肯定做某事,一定做某事becertainof/about(doing)sth./that从句对(做)……确定无疑forcertain肯定地,确凿地makecertain(of/that从句)弄清楚,弄明白【即景活用】①当然,童年对孩子的成长至关重要。      ,theearlyyearsarecrucialtoachild'sdevelopment.②尽管天气不好,但他一定会来的。      he'llcomeinspiteofthebadweather.③你出去的时候,有个叫布朗的先生来过电话。      MrBrowntelephonedwhileyouwereout.ItiscertainthatAcertainCertainly6.chancen.机遇,机会【短语联想】achancetodo/of(doing)sth.做……的可能性bychance偶然;意外byanychance万一;碰巧takeachance/chances冒险;碰运气Thereisno/a/muchchanceof…/that…不可能/有可能/很可能……【名师点睛】thechancesare(that)…可能此句型中的the和that都可省略,chances不可改为单数。例句：ThechancesarethatIwillbelookingforanewjobsoon.我可能很快就要去找一份新的工作。7.choicen.选择,选择权;所选之人或物【短语联想】makeachoice做出一个选择haveachoiceof有……的选择atone'sownchoice任意地,随意地by/forchoice凭着喜爱;出于选择ofchoice精选的;上选的withoutchoice不分好歹地havenochoicebuttodosth.除了做……别无选择【即景活用】你没有其他选择只有阅读它。      Youhavenochoicebuttoreadit.8.chargen.费用;负责;指控;价钱v.要价;索价【词汇联想】incharge(of)主管;负责;照顾inthechargeof(＝inone'scharge)由某人负责;由某人管理takechargeof掌管;负责;看管freeofcharge＝forfree免费chargesb.withsth.因某事控告某人chargesb.(money)forsth.向某人索取某事/物的费用9.claimn.要求;主张;声称vt.声称;主张;要求;索赔【短语联想】claimtodosth.声称/主张做……claimtohavedonesth.声称做过某事claimthat…声称……Itisclaimedthat…有人主张……;据说……【即景活用】①Sofarnobody      themoneydiscoveredinthelibrary.②Doctorsclaimedto      acureforthedisease.hasclaimedhavediscovered10.closev.关;关闭;闭上adj.（在空间、时间上）接近【语境识词】Theclosefriendclosetothedoorclosedthedoor.靠近门的那位好朋友关上了门。【短语联想】get/becloseto靠近closedown关闭,停业bring…toaclose结束cometoaclose结束【名师点睛】【即景活用】①Pleasekeepthedoor      (close)whenyouleave.②靠近些,那样我可以看见你的眼睛。Move      ,soIcanseeyoureyes.③他们严密监视他,唯恐他会逃脱。Theywatchedhim      incaseheshouldescape.closercloselyclosedclose作副词,表示具体的距离上的靠近,译为“接近地,靠近地”closely多表示抽象意义上的接近,如感情亲密、关系密切等,译为“密切地;仔细地”11.condition情形,环境(由于一定的原因、条件或环境所产生的特定情况);身体状况【短语联想】ingood/bad/terriblecondition好情形/坏情形/可怕情形outofcondition/incondition身体状况working/livingconditions工作/生活条件oncondition(that)如果……;在……条件下12.commandn.[C]命令[U]指挥;控制;掌握v.命令;指挥;支配【词汇联想】commandsb.todosth.命令某人做某事commandthatsb.shoulddo…命令某人做……haveagoodcommandof掌握;精通(近义短语：haveagoodknowledgeof/understandingof)13.communicatevi.(用语言、信号)传递信息;交流vt.表达(思想);传递(信息等)【拓展延伸】communicationn.交流;沟通【短语联想】communicatewithsb.与某人交流communicatesth.tosb.把……传达给某人beincommunicationwithsb.与某人互通信息makecommunicationwithsb.与某人交流【即景活用】①她很少与班上的其他人交流,因此她很难融入到班级中去。Sheseldomcommunicates      otherssoshedoesn'tfitinwiththeclass.＝Sheseldommakescommunication      otherssoshedoesn'tfitinwiththeclass.②他在期中考试中获得了第一名。他急于把这个好消息分享给自己的父母。Hewonthefirstprizeinthemid-termexamination.Hewaseagertocommunicatethegoodnews      hisparents.③关于这件事情我将会和我的律师商议。I'llbe     communicationwithmylawyeraboutthismatter.toinwithwith14.competev.竞争;对抗【拓展延伸】competitionn.竞争;比赛competitorn.竞争对手;参赛者competitiveadj.竞争的;有竞争力的【短语联想】competeagainst与……竞争competefor争夺某物competein在……方面竞争incompetitionwith与……竞争【语境串记】Morethan10,000      fromtheworldcametoBeijingto      witheachotherinthe      gamesformedals.competitorscompetecompetitive15.congratulatev.祝贺,庆祝,恭喜……【拓展延伸】congratulationn.祝贺,恭喜;贺词【短语联想】Congratulations！恭喜恭喜！祝贺你！offer/sendone'scongratulationstosb.onsth.为某事向某人祝贺expressone'scongratulations表示庆贺acceptone'scongratulations接受某人的祝贺congratulatesb.on(doing)sth.向……祝贺……congratulateoneselfon…为……庆幸;感到自豪【即景活用】他收到许多祝贺他生日的信件。Hehasreceivedmanylettersin      (congratulate)ofhisbirthday.congratulation16.connectv.（使）链接;联结【短语联想】inconnectionwith关于,与……有关系beconnectedwith与……有联系havesomethingtodowith与……有关系berelatedto与……有关系beinvolvedin与……有牵连【即景活用】①Thissentencedoesnotseemtobeconnected      thecontext.②我写此信与你求职一事有关。Iamwritingtoyou      yourjobapplication.withinconnectionwith17.considervt.认为;考虑【名师点睛】consider用法归纳:consider表示“认为”时后接that从句,也可接sb./sth.+宾语补足语(adj./tobe…/as…)。consider表示“考虑”时后可接n.,doing,“疑问词+todo”,及疑问词引导的从句。【语法填空】①Beforeyouquityourjob,      (consider)howyourfamilywouldfeelaboutyourdecision.②Theyconsidered      (buy)acomputer,whichwasconsidered      (be)agreathelpintheirwork.③Whoisconsidered      (invent)thefirstcomputer?④Itisworth      (consider)whatmakes“convenience”foodssopopular,andintroducingbetteronesofyourown.⑤Manythings      (consider)impossibleinthepastareverycommontoday.considerbuyingtobetohaveinventedconsideringconsidered18.curiousadj.好奇的【拓展延伸】curiosityn.好奇心becurioustodosth.好奇地去做某事becuriousaboutsth.对某事好奇It'scuriousthat…真是奇怪……outofcuriosity(＝becauseofcuriosity)出于好奇withcuriosity好奇地【名师点睛】在Itiscuriousthat…中,that从句中常用should＋动词原形。Itiscuriousthatheshouldhavefailedtowintherace.他竟然没赢比赛,真是奇怪。【即景活用】①Peoplehavealwaysbeencurious      howlivingthingsontheearthexactlybegan.②Iamcurious      knowhowthatoldclockworks.③Magretlookedathim      curiosity.④Shedecidedtofollowhim      （出于好奇）.towithoutofcuriosity/becauseofcuriosityaboutD1.datevi.始于（某一历史时期）【拓展延伸】datevt.确定……的年代;注明日期于n.日期;约会【短语联想】datefrom=datebackto追溯到,始于todate迄今,到现在为止uptodate到目前为止,最新的,现代的outofdate过时的,过期的makeadatewith与……约会setadatefor确定……的日期【名师点睛】datebackto/datefrom常用于一般现在时;不用于被动语态。常用其现在分词形式作后置定语。【即景活用】①MostChinesepeoplelikethefairytaleofCowboyandWeavinggirl,which      fromtheHanDynasty.②Allourinformationis     todateonthecomputer.datesup2.dealn.协议;交易n.很多,大量vi.处理【短语联想】makeadeal达成协议;做成交易That's/It'sadeal.(口语)成交;就这么办吧。agreat/gooddealof大量,许多(后接不可数名词)dealwith处理;对付;与……做生意,打交道;涉及dealin经营,做……生意【即景活用】①这家工厂已经和加拿大的一位买家达成了一项新协议。Thefactory      withabuyerinCanada.②有大量的证据表明听轻音乐能减轻压力。Thereis      indicatingthatlisteningtosoftmusiccanreducestress.hasmadeanewdealagreatdealofevidence3.delightedadj.高兴的;快乐的【拓展延伸】delightn.快乐;愉快v.使高兴;乐于delightfuladj.令人高兴的【短语联想】bedelightedat/with/bysth.为某事高兴bedelightedtodosth./that-clause很高兴做某事toone'sdelight令某人高兴的是takedelightinsth./doingsth.以做某事为乐【即景活用】①他说公众的反应让他欣喜。Hesaidthathewasdelighted      thepublicresponse.②收到这份礼物我很高兴。Iamdelighted      .③令我们感到非常高兴的是那天早晨天气转晴了。      ,thedayturnedoutfinethatmorning.toreceivethegiftToourgreatdelightwith4.desertn.沙漠;荒地v.丢开,抛弃;开小差【即景活用】年轻职工对不喜欢的工作更易擅自离职。Youngworkersaremorewilling      jobstheydon'tlike.todesert5.destroyvt.破坏;毁坏【即景活用】很多房屋被洪水毁坏。Manybuildings      bytheflood.【名师点睛】辨析:destroy,damage与ruin①destroy用作及物动词,可接物,也可接人;指“通过某种有力的或粗暴的手段使之彻底毁坏以致不能或很难修复”;有时可以用于比喻意义,表示希望、计划等被打破。②damage用作动词时,通常接物,指部分“损坏,破坏”,在破坏程度上可大可小,损坏了还可以修复;也可以用作名词,常与tosth.连用,即dodamagetosth.。③ruin用作动词时,意为“使毁灭,使崩溃”,表示破坏严重,以致不能修复,强调致使该物的使用价值出现了问题。也可用作名词,表示“毁灭,废墟”等抽象概念。现在多用于借喻中,泛指一般的“弄坏了”。weredestroyed【即景活用】①数以千计的家园被龙卷风毁坏。Thousandsofhomes      bythetornado.②我的钢琴昨天被一个爵士演奏者弄坏了。Mypiano      byaJazzplayeryesterday.③男孩把他的作业毁了因为他在上面涂色。Theboy      hishomeworkbecausehecolouredonit.weredestroyedwasdamagedruined6.dieout灭绝;(风俗等)逐渐消失;(火)熄灭【拓展延伸】death死亡【短语联想】dieof/from…死于……diedown逐渐变弱/平息bedyingfor/todo渴望得到/做……【即景活用】①随着生存环境越来越糟糕,地球上的很多物种正在灭绝。Withthelivingenvironmentbecomingworseandworse,manyoftheearth'sspecies      .②Althoughthewindhasdied      therainremainssteady,soyoustillneedaraincoat.③Inthe1840sthemaincrop—potatoes,wasaffectedbydiseaseandabout750,000peopledied     hunger.aredyingoutdownof7.differv.相异;有区别;不同于【拓展延伸】differentadj.不同的differencen.不同【短语联想】differfrom与……不一样,不同differ(withsb.)about/on/oversth.意见相左;持不同看法differwidely/greatly/significantly相差很大tellthedifferencebetween区别……的不同bedifferentfrom与……不同【即景活用】①在这方面法语不同于英语。French      Englishinthisrespect.②我们家几个儿子大不相同。Oursonsare      eachother.verydifferentfromdiffersfrom8.directadj.径直的;直接的;直率的adv.径直地;直达地【拓展延伸】directvt.指挥;给……指路;指示,命令;导演directorn.导演,指挥员directionn.方向;方位directlyadv.直接地【短语联想】directsb.tosp.指给某人去某地的路directsb.todosth.指示某人做某事directthat…命令[从句谓语用“(should＋)动词原形”]inthedirectionof朝……方向【即景活用】写出下列句中direct的含义①Apoliceofficerwasdirectthetraffic.②ThefilmWolfWarriorⅡdirectbyWuJingwaswellworthseeing.③Sheisindirectcontactwiththegeneralmanager.④Thenextflightdoesn'tflydirecttoParis;itgoesbywayofRome.[答案]①指挥②导演（戏剧或电影）③adj.直接的④adv.直接;径直9.disappointedadj.失望的【拓展延伸】disappointvt.使失望disappointmentn.失望;令人失望的人或物disappointingadj.令人失望的【短语联想】bedisappointedwith/at/by…对……感到失望toone'sdisappointment令某人失望的是……【语境助记】他对这个令人失望的消息感到失望,因此他的脸上有失望的表情。Hewas      atthe      news,sotherewasa     lookonhisface.disappointeddisappointingdisappointed10.distantadj.远的;久远的;远离的;冷淡的(常接介词from)【拓展延伸】distancen.距离;路程;远方【短语联想】atadistance相距稍远,相隔一段距离atadistanceof…在……远的地方inthedistance在远处fromadistance从远方keepone'sdistancefromsb./sth.与某人/某物保持一定距离keepsb.atadistance与某人保持距离,不与某人亲近bedistanttowardssb.对某人冷淡bedistantfrom…离……远【即景活用】①Theschoolisthreemilesdistant      thestation.②Hishousestandsonahillandcanbeseenfrom      distance     twomileswhilemineistenmilesdistant      here.fromaoffrom11.doubtv.无把握;不能肯定;认为……未必可能【拓展延伸】withoutdoubt毫无疑问indoubt不确定,拿不准nodoubt无疑,确定Thereisnodoubtthat…毫不怀疑……【名师点睛】doubt用于肯定句时,其后的名词性从句常用whether或if引导;用于否定句或疑问句时,doubt常和that从句连用。【即景活用】①Thereisnodoubt     hobbieshaveagreatinfluenceonpeople'slifeandsociety.②我怀疑他是否会遵守诺言。Idoubt      he'llkeephisword.thatwhether/if12.dueadj.应得的;应付的;预定的【短语联想】beduetosb.应付给某人beduetosb./sth.归因于某人/某事beduetodosth.预定/预期做某事【名师点睛】①当dueto意为“由于,因……造成,应给予”时,其中的to是介词,并且在句中常常作表语或状语;当dueto意为“即将/预期做……”时后接不定式。②表示“因为,由于”的介词短语还有becauseof;onaccountof;asaresultof;owingto;thanksto等。【即景活用】写出下列句中dueto的含义①Severaltrafficaccidentshappenedonthehighwayduetotheheavyfoginthemorning.②Anymoneythatisduetoyouwillbepaidbeforetheendofthemonth.③Theteam'ssuccesswaslargelyduetoherefforts.[答案]①因为;②应支付;③归功于E1.encouragev.支持;鼓励;激励【拓展延伸】discouragev.使泄气,阻止encouragementn.鼓励,促进【短语联想】encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事【即景活用】①Afterlisteningtotheencouragingwordsbytheteacher,thestudentsfeltdeeply      (encourage).②他父母鼓励他参加空军。Hisparents      him     theairforce.③我非常感激我数学老师的表扬和鼓励。Iappreciatemymathteacher'spraiseand      verymuch.encouragedencouragedtojoinencouragement2.entertainv.招待,款待;使有兴趣;使快乐;娱乐【拓展延伸】entertainmentn.娱乐,文娱节目;招待,款待entertainingadj.有趣的,娱乐的,使人愉快的entertainedadj.有趣的,感到愉快的【短语联想】entertainsb.tosth.用……招待某人entertainsb.withsth.用……使人快乐【即景活用】BobandLiz      ustodinnerlastnight.DuringthetimeBobtoldusmanyjokesfor      ,makingitan      night.（entertain）entertainedentertainmententertaining3.equaladj.相等的,相同的;胜任的;经得起的(常与to,with连用)【拓展延伸】equalvt.与……相等,等于,比得上equalityn.平等;均等;相等inequalityn.[UC]不平等;不平衡;不平均beequaltosth.(formal)（力气、勇气、能力等）相当的;能胜任的;能应付的【即景活用】Johnisquiteequal     thejobofrunningtheoffice.to4.evidentadj.明显的;清楚的【拓展延伸】evidencen.证据;根据;迹象【短语联想】give/show/bearevidenceof有……的迹象givenoevidenceof没有……的迹象inevidence明显的;显而易见的callsb.inevide