园林绿化常见树木（Common trees in landscaping）

园林绿化常见树木（Common trees in landscaping） 园林绿化常见树木(Common trees in landscaping) Common trees in landscaping First, white clover (see Figure 2 - 1) White clover, white clover and white clover aka Holland clover, dicotyledonous herbaceous perennial life, generally in more than 10 years. White clover native to Europe and Asia Minor Asia region, currently China, Heilongjiang, Xinjiang, Yunnan and Guizhou have wild resources found. It enjoys light and warm and humid climate, and is also capable of semi shade, drought resistance and moisture resistance. Heat resistance is slightly worse, cold resistance Strong ability. On the strict requirements of the soil, as long as good drainage, soil can grow, with great joy and humus calcareous clayey soil. Capable of barren, acid resistance, salt tolerance. The main planting lawn of white clover. The seeding quantity into 7.5 ~ 9 g / m2, was 3 ~ 6G / m2. Keep moist after sowing, slow growth of seedlings, afraid of drought. In the micro salt soil should be treated with Rhizobium treatment after sowing, can enhance the root growth, also can make small lumps transplanting according to the proportion of 1:4. White clover except pasture cultivation, garden soil protection, usually ground cover plants, flower ornamental lawn etc, also can be used for extensive single lawn planting, sowing can also have been built in the lawn, lawn increase adaptability. Two. White Carex (see Figure 2 - 2) Bai Ying lamb alias Hu Carex grass. Carex Bai Ying likes cold and cold climate and has strong cold resistance. It can survive winter at 25 A. It is not heat resistant and has bad growth in summer. It stops growing when it is higher than 36 degrees, and appears to be withered again. Anti barren, drought resistance. Because the grass has no creeping branch, it has poor coverage and is not resistant to trampling. Carex Bai Ying is distributed in temperate and cold zones of northern China and Northern hemisphere. Common in Liao Dynasty The slopes, rivers and open spaces of Ning, Hebei, Shandong, Henan and northwest china. Beijing land Area green period is 240 - 250 days. Two methods of sowing and vegetative propagation were adopted before sowing To be treated, rinse the seeds with water and spread out to dry and mix with fine sand, The sowing rate is 7 - 10G / m. Vegetative propagation can be done by SOD and rhizome. Because of slow growth and poor coverage, irrigation must be done regardless of sowing or vegetative propagation, Weeding. Usually the mowing height from 3 to 4cm. The grass shade tolerant, green leaves, slender, beautiful appearance, is a very good woodland Turf plants are used as ornamental and ornamental lawns in northern China A small amount of traffic, parks, courtyards, streets, flower beds and other green materials. Three, flat spike Wheatgrass (see figure 2--3) Flat spike wheatgrass, also known as wild wheat, wheatgrass. Wheatgrass is a typical dry plant, which has strong cold resistance and drought resistance, and is a coarse texture Coarse creeping tufted grass. It is common in colder and colder areas Not irrigation lawn and golf course fairways, it is also known as fairway wheatgrass. High grass Degree of 4 to 8cm is appropriate, fertilization should be less, irrigation should be controlled, excessive moisture will inhibit Its growth. Four Kentucky Bluegrass (see Figure 2 - 4) Kentucky bluegrass prefers a cool, moist climate with extreme cold resistance in northern China A cold area of 27 degrees Celsius can survive the winter safely. But drought tolerance is poor in arid areas, such as Proper irrigation also yields good growth. But even in hot summer, even though irrigation is still Bad growth. A well drained, loose textured soil, especially rich in humus soil, With more calcareous soil grown worse. In the barren soil, as growth A.alba or Canada bluegrass exuberant. Kentucky bluegrass is moist, but over water Many places, as the growth of a.alba or common good bluegrass. It's less resistant than negative The red fox Mao or ordinary bluegrass. Kentucky bluegrass is in the first place in foreign countries and is widely used in various fields Greenland. Most Kentucky bluegrass varieties imported from China are Kentucky Bluegrass Planted in the north, Is one of the best lawn grass species. It is generally established by sowing The lawn, can also be used to plant lawn planting method. Germination and plateau speed of some varieties Soon, while others are slow, selection of grass species should be made according to specific circumstances. Kentucky bluegrass can be planted in single form. It should be leveled and sown before sowing Evenly, after sowing shallow soil, and pouring water. The amount of sowing is usually 5 - 10 g / m, too By interbreeding with perennial ryegrass and creeping red fescue, Agrostis stolonifera, turfgrass, growth Turf resistance. In good soil conditions, it can expand rapidly through underground stems Cheng Jianzhuang's dense sod. Trim height is 2 - 4 cm. At dry or high temperatures Dormant because of its subterranean stems, so it can resist bad weather to some extent, Once conditions improve, the turf can be restored. In Nanjing, China is more resistant to heat and drought The Wabash can summer varieties such as in wet soil conditions, most of the other goods Only in the appropriate shade may oversummer, otherwise the wilt rate reached 75%. The grass is moist, fat and hot, and is the least hardy of the warm season grasses. Trampling resistance, shade tolerant, is barren, the most suitable for moist, well drained sandy soil. Drought tolerance is poor, and irrigation must be done when the weather is dry. The grass in the southern region of Chinese, at the beginning of the March green, 12 months late blight, the green period is more than 280 days. Blunt leaf grass () was introduced from abroad in the early years of Guangzhou. It is widely planted in Guangdong, Yunnan and Sichuan, and the ramets and stolon are widely used for propagation. Although it grows vigorously, it needs moderate conservation and fertilization. When the height is 5 cm, it should be pruned, otherwise, the grass will be formed, leading to leaf infection. If you can do fine conservation, strengthen the management of water and fertilizer, in Kunming, Guangzhou and other places to reach the four seasons evergreen. The blunt leaf grass is mainly used for resting in the forest and on the lawn, and can also be used as a shade tolerant ornamental plant under the forest. As a kind of extremely tolerant grass species, its application prospect is broad. Seven perennial ryegrass (see Figure 2 - 7) Perennial ryegrass, perennial ryegrass and. Perennial ryegrass warm, cool, humid climate, suitable for cool summer, winter is not too cold areas planted. 10 'C can grow well, and 27, C, or less, grow Shi Yiwen Degree, 35 > C above, bad growth. Light intensity, The sunshine is short and the temperature is low, which is beneficial to tillering, When the temperature is too high, the tiller stops or dies midway. Cold and heat resistance of different ryegrass, In extremely cold or hot place, perennial black Wheatgrass becomes a short-lived grass species, usually only How many years can you live?. In Northeast China, Inner Mongolia The region cannot survive winter or winter through instability The south often dies in the summer heat. Ryegrass can grow at 500 - 1500 mm per year, which is suitable for 1 000mm. Wet, but poorly drained or too high water is not conducive to growth. Drought resistance, high temperature and drought are more detrimental to ryegrass growth. More stringent requirements for the soil, like fertilizer, intolerance, barren, the most suitable for irrigation and drainage in good, fertile and moist clay loam cultivation, slightly acid and salt, suitable soil pH value of 6 - 7. Perennial ryegrass is more resistant to trampling, but less resistant to low shear. The average green stubble is 4 - 6cm. Yin resistance slightly worse, like to grow in the sun. The disease is easy to occur in shady spots, and resistant varieties should be selected when selecting varieties. Perennial ryegrass grassland; southern Europe, North Africa and southwestern asia. It has been cultivated in Europe for 400 years, and has been widely planted in the United States, Australia, Japan, New Zealand and other countries. China was introduced as forage grass in the past, and many forage varieties have been bred. The low lawn type ryegrass varieties are planted and utilized more frequently in the urban green area of North china. The establishment of perennial ryegrass planting. The seeding rate is 15 - 30 g / m, and if necessary, it can be increased to 50g / m. Ryegrass germination rapidly, generally 5~7 days after sowing seedlings. Because of its strong tillering ability and fast growth, it must be regularly pruned to control its height, promote tillering at the base and rapidly cover the plateau. Nitrogen fertilizer should be applied at regular intervals in order to keep the ryegrass green. In the parks, courtyards and small green spaces, perennial ryegrass is often used as a pioneer grass species for the rapid formation of much-needed lawns. Can also be mixed grass planting and bluegrass germination in slow, bluegrass seedling, protection from soil erosion and flat bed, in order to increase the resistance of lawn, especially in without a covering or slope planting, this property is more useful. However, it should be noted that ryegrass should not exceed 20%, otherwise the expanded ryegrass would occupy all the turf beds and make it difficult for root crops such as POA to survive. As perennial ryegrass has good resistance to trampling, it can be used as turf material for sports field, and can also be used as the repairing grass species of damaged lawn. It can fill up the alopecia areata promptly with its rapid germination and growth ability. Can also be used in other warm season bermudagrass lawn in late autumn and early winter oversowing, to make up for the winter and keep the lawn green. Eight tall fescue (see Figure 2 - 8) Tall fescue, tall fescue, also known as Fusco. Tall fescue for many years, unfamiliar clump grass, wide ecological range, suitable for moist climate and fertile loose soil, in the high water level is also very good growth. Relatively cold resistant, can continue to grow at the temperature of 1 degrees Celsius, the temperature is higher than 4 degrees Celsius, the growth rate increases. Also suitable for hotter places, is the most heat-resistant varieties of cold season grasses. Although tall fescue is considered cold season Lawn grass, but it is vulnerable to low temperature damage, in the colder areas, when it is low temperature damage, often only survive for a few years, gradually disappeared, becoming short-lived perennial grass. Therefore, in the cold cool high altitude areas, generally not used. In transition and temperate South, it is a long-lived grass species. Tall fescue is resistant to extensive conservation, and is not strict with soil. It can grow in water flooded and poorly drained soil, and can adapt to acid and alkaline soil, and has a certain salt tolerance. Tall fescue leaves are tough, strong roots and resistant to trampling and are often used in sports fields or in areas where people are heavy. But because of its lack of spreading roots, the restoration capacity is poor and it is not an ideal field grass. The grass originated in Europe, China, Xinjiang, northeast central, humid areas, there are wild. Lawn grass, but it is vulnerable to low temperature damage, in the colder areas, when it is low temperature damage, often only survive for a few years, gradually disappeared, becoming short-lived perennial grass. Therefore, in the cold cool high altitude areas, generally not used. In transition and temperate South, it is a long-lived grass species. Tall fescue is resistant to extensive conservation, and is not strict with soil. It can grow in water flooded and poorly drained soil, and can adapt to acid and alkaline soil, and has a certain salt tolerance. Tall fescue leaves are tough, strong roots and resistant to trampling and are often used in sports fields or in areas where people are heavy. But because of its lack of spreading roots, the restoration capacity is poor and it is not an ideal field grass. The grass originated in Europe, China, Xinjiang, northeast central, humid areas, there are wild. Horseshoe Jin Xiguang and warm humid climate, strong resistance to yin. The soil is not strict, but it thrives in fertile land. Lack of fertilizer, leaf color, yellow green, coverage decreased. It is capable of certain low temperature. It is cultivated in East China. When the winter is cold, the leaves are faded and the part of the upper part of the grass layer becomes brown, but it can survive the winter safely. That summer, the basic evergreen. Water chestnut is also capable of drought, not trampling, should be planted in a small flow of people. Water chestnut is widely used in the southern United States, Europe and New Zealand to watch lawns and traffic safety lawns. China was introduced and planted in Guangzhou in 1980 and has been adapted to the south of the Yangtze River basin. The hooves grow poorly on wet, firm soil, requiring regular irrigation and proper fertilization. When the clip is between 1.3 and 2.5cm, A ground that forms smaller leaves and covers a large area. When pruned to 3.8 - 5cm, a larger blade with a small coverage is formed. China is mainly used for small flower beds, flower paths and mountain stone parks for ornamental lawn cultivation, and also for the layout of courtyard green spaces and small venues. Fifteen, creeping, and creeping (see Figure 2 - 15) Also known as creeping bentgrass Agrostis stolonifera, Agrostis fiorin. Creeping bentgrass, perennial herb, likes the cold and humid climate, widely distributed in the world has grown in warm regions, Chinese. The creeping cutting stock has the advantages of beautiful appearance, strong restoring ability, extremely low shear resistance and low to 5mm. When the lawn is damaged, the stolon can quickly cover the ground, which can make up for its disadvantage of trampling. This grass has good cold resistance and medium heat resistance. Good salt resistance, but bad growth on solid soil. Creeping bentgrass by vegetative propagation, the turf from the stolon cut into paragraphs or sections, and then transplanting, the ratio of 1:7 (generally a stem cut into 7 sections). But usually by seeding method establishment, seeding rate is 3 ~ 5 g / m2 for quick turf, can be increased to 7 g / m. Because the seeds are very small, the surface should be flat Smooth and thin, and the quality requirement is higher than that of common lawn grass. When used as a golf course, soil should be filled with sand to reduce soil compaction. It is necessary to use mechanical perforation ventilation to reduce soil compactness. Often need pruning, height is generally 5 - 13 mm, the main use of drum type mower, conditions allowed once a day. The dry season should be irrigated regularly or daily, and at a high temperature, a little water can be pumped at noon. Creeping bentgrass is cold season grasses in most in need of careful maintenance of varieties, because of its shallow roots, often need to manage, generally not as the courtyard lawn, mainly for golf fruit collar and service area, bowling and lawn tennis courts, are also sometimes used for golf and turf quality. Sixteen, double bromegrass (see Figure 2 - 16) Double bromegrass also called Shuipa root, perennial. Produced in China and distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in Southern China, Yunnan and the Yangtze river. Hi warm and humid, often in the ditch, pool or other lowhumidity, in a dry area can grow, a very wide distribution. It is a good soil conserving plant because of its creeping stems, rapid spread and soil and water conservation. The grass is moist, fat and hot, and is the least hardy of the warm season grasses. Trampling resistance, shade tolerant, is barren, the most suitable for moist, well drained sandy soil. Drought tolerance is poor, and irrigation must be done when the weather is dry. The grass in the southern region of Chinese, at the beginning of the March green, 12 months late blight, the green period is more than 280 days. Blunt leaf grass () was introduced from abroad in the early years of Guangzhou. It is widely planted in Guangdong, Yunnan and Sichuan, and the ramets and stolon are widely used for propagation. Although it grows vigorously, it needs moderate conservation and fertilization. When the height is 5 cm, it should be pruned, otherwise, the grass will be formed, leading to leaf infection. If you can do fine conservation, strengthen the management of water and fertilizer, in Kunming, Guangzhou and other places to reach the four seasons evergreen. The blunt leaf grass is mainly used for resting in the forest and on the lawn, and can also be used as a shade tolerant ornamental plant under the forest. As a kind of extremely tolerant grass species, its application prospect is broad. Seven perennial ryegrass (see Figure 2 - 7) Perennial ryegrass, perennial ryegrass and. Perennial ryegrass warm, cool, humid climate, suitable for cool summer, winter is not too cold areas planted. 10 'C can grow well, and grow below 27 degrees Shi Yiwen Degree, 35 > C above, bad growth. Light intensity, The sunshine is short and the temperature is low, which is beneficial to tillering, When the temperature is too high, the tiller stops or dies midway. Cold and heat resistance of different ryegrass, In extremely cold or hot place, perennial black Wheatgrass becomes a short-lived grass species, usually only How many years can you live?. In Northeast China, Inner Mongolia The region cannot survive winter or winter through instability The south often dies in the summer heat. Ryegrass can grow at 500 - 1500 mm of rainfall a year 1 000mm or so is appropriate. Wet, but poorly drained or too high Conducive to growth. Drought resistance, high temperature and drought are more detrimental to ryegrass growth. Comparison of soil requirements Strict, fat, not resistant to poor, most suitable for irrigation and drainage in good, fertile moist loam soil planted It can slightly resist acid and salt alkali, and the suitable soil pH value is 6 - 7. Perennial rye The grass is more resistant to trampling, but it is not resistant to low shear. It is advisable to leave 4 to 6cm in general green space. Resistance Yin is slightly poor and likes to grow in the sun. Shady spots are prone to diseases and should be noticed when selecting varieties Select resistant varieties. Perennial ryegrass grassland; southern Europe, North Africa and southwestern asia. Already in Europe 400 years of cultivation history, in the United States, Australia, Japan, New Zealand and other countries already To a wide range of planting. In the past, China was introduced as forage grass, and many forage products have been produced A. Planting and utilization of low lawn type Ryegrass Varieties in urban green space in northern China Many. The establishment of perennial ryegrass planting. The sowing rate is 15 - 30 g / m, such as With special needs, it can be added to 50g / m. Ryegrass germinate rapidly, generally after sowing 5~7 day emergence. Because of its strong tillering ability and fast growth, it must be regularly trimmed and controlled Its long height promotes the tillering of the basal part and makes it rapidly cover the plateau. To make ryegrass stand on the lawn Green should be regularly applied nitrogen fertilizer. Perennial ryegrass is the pioneer grass in parks, courtyards and small green spaces Species so as to rapidly form a much-needed lawn. Also with early bluegrass and other slow germination of grass species Mixed sowing can protect the turf bed from the erosion of soil and water before the emergence of Kentucky Bluegrass Resistance to turf, especially when no mulch or slope is sown For useful. But it should be noted that ryegrass can not exceed 20%, otherwise the expansion of strong black Straw will occupy all the turf bed, so that early bluegrass and other grass species difficult to root to survive. No matter how wet and dry, the ground can grow. Because of the spread of rhizomes and strong tillering, it can grow Into the dense grass of the evacuation. It grows early in spring and continues to grow until autumn. The red fescue likes cool and humid climate. When the temperature is 4, the seeds begin to germinate at 20 C 25 was the optimum temperature for growth, wilting at 30, and wilt at 38~40. No Heat resistant, resistant barren and acidic soil, grow well in sandy soil. Festuca rubra grows slowly and generally has no extension ability, and grows with the upper part of the ground, Coverage gradually increased. Resistance to trampling, medium recovery ability, resistance to negative strong, The best grass tolerant shade of grass in cold season.