压力容器及管道制造、安装焊接规范

压力容器及管道制造、安装焊接 规范 编程规范下载gsp规范下载钢格栅规范下载警徽规范下载建设厅规范下载 HT0020-83 压力容器及管道制造、安装焊接规范 LS145-10-11 参照 , 适用范围: 本 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 适用于压力容器(塔、换热器、贮槽、吸附器等)及管道的焊接(包括压力 容器及管道的部件、管件等)。 本规范要求不仅适用于本厂产品制造，也适用于现场安装。 一、要求: 容器、管道制造及安装中除必须遵循本标准 规定 关于下班后关闭电源的规定党章中关于入党时间的规定公务员考核规定下载规定办法文件下载宁波关于闷顶的规定 的基本要求外，还必须遵循有关国标、 部标、产品图样的技术要求、用户在合同中提出的技术要求及其有关技术文件的规定等。 二、图样: 1、各类压力容器图样和技术文件应符合《压力容器图样和技术文件要求的暂行规定》外，在 总图上必须注明: 1)容器的类别、名称、容积、(几何容积)设计温度、设计压力介质、主要受压元件的材质、 焊缝系数和腐蚀裕度等; )制造和安装所依据的技术标准代号和标准名称; 2 3)耐压试验、气密试验和检验要求; 4)特殊技术要求，如钢板探伤、焊后热处理及容器安装使用说明等; 5)每条焊缝(不受力构件或容器外支座等的焊缝采用标注焊接符号者除外)均编焊缝号码。 2、管道图样上必须载明: 1)各条焊缝按GB324-80《焊缝代号》规定，标注焊接符合; 2)管道设计压力设计温度、介质、材质、焊缝系数等; 3)检验要求。 压力容器焊接 工艺 钢结构制作工艺流程车尿素生产工艺流程自动玻璃钢生产工艺2工艺纪律检查制度q345焊接工艺规程 由专职焊接工程师负责制订，并监督实施。现场安装的焊接技术要求， 一般应由本厂提出，并委派专门人员或由安装单位指定专人负责指导、监督、执行、检查。 如遇重大技术问 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 ，由用户、安装单位及本厂共同协商解决。 三、对容器、管道结构上的要求: 容器管道的结构设计除必须符合一机部、石油部、化工部颁发的《钢制石油化工压力容 器设计规定》及有关标准的规定外，焊缝设计应考虑制造时便于焊接，且应考虑便于无 损探伤，并使气密性试验时便于观察、检漏。 1、固定的全位置焊缝打底层以及仅能进行单面焊的铝容器、管道的环焊缝应采用嵌入环式的 不锈垫板焊。 Million. Water quality standards the dredging of river boundary section obtained provincial environmental protection Office special bonuses for wetland construction ... ... Million. But sober see, these achievements were made in the case of decreased rainfall for two consecutive years, we realize that environmental protection work still faced many problems in our County. Mainly in the PM2.5 and PM10 air quality monitoring indicators often exceeding, dredging of river section's water quality is not stable, and rural non-point source pollution has not been radical, Wade through the corporate environmental risk, livestock pollution rebound from severe, a wealth of protection and use of water resources is not well. If this year's rainfall, these problems will be exposed, and raw materials caused a great deal of pressure to go green. To solve these problems, we focused on three aspects of the work of environmental protection: (a) in accordance with the ... ... Real good green. According to the "Garden City, roads, tree-lined, mountain forests of" principle, to develop "governance focused piece, scale" afforestation programmes, and actively implement the barren hills green, River afforestation increased, City Green, farmland and other greening works to ensure complete afforestation this year ... ... Acres and acres and afforestation in the plain ... ... Acres, new nursery wood ... ... MU. 2、不等厚度焊件的对接焊，较厚一侧的板材应作14?削薄。铝焊件厚壁的过滤应带有一段 (至少为25mm)的园颈，在其余应符合JB741-80《钢制焊接压力容器技术条件》和 JB1580-75《铝制焊接容器技术条件》的有关规定。 3、压力容器的单面焊缝不作封底焊时，应设法对焊根部进行外观检查或按规定要求进行无损 探伤。 4、避免焊缝集中或形成十字焊缝。容器两相邻筒节的纵缝须互相错开，其间距应大于3倍壁 厚且不小于100毫米弧长，管道相邻两节的纵缝应错开大于50毫米弧长。 5、避免焊缝及其附近(小于3倍壁厚的距离内)开孔，如必须开孔者，则应在待开孔中心两 侧各不小于1.5倍开孔直径的范围内进行100%的无损探伤。 6、不得在容器、管道的纵、环焊缝上再焊接其他另件。若必须焊另件者，与其焊缝距离至少 应大于3倍壁厚且不得小于50毫米。 7、容器上的接管、管道支管与主管的相贯焊缝应尽量采用双面焊，并保证焊透或刨(铲)至 完好金属。 8、角焊缝与母材应有园滑过滤。 四、对安装单位的要求: 安装单位必须配备合格而可靠的焊接设备、无损探伤及材料试验设备(也可委托其他单 位进行检验及试验工作)。配备相应合格的焊接检验人员和焊接技术人员。 若安装单位将焊接工作分包或委托其他单位承担者，则受委托单位变符合规程的规定。 如焊后需热处理，则还必须配备相应而可靠的热处理设备。并提供实测温度记录。同时 附测温仪器、设备的计量机关检查鉴定合格证。 在下雨(下雪)、有风或相对湿度,80%的露天作业情况下进行焊接时，须有适当的防护 措施。 五、焊接技术人员: 安装单位或由本厂派出的焊接技术人员，应对焊接工艺和所焊材料有足够的知识和经验。 其职责是:执行焊接技术文件(如有关焊接规程、规范、焊接工艺要求等);对焊工进行 培训和考核;对焊工给予明确的技术指导;解决制造或安装中的焊接技术问题;参与分 析、裁决焊缝返修和焊接质量事故。 焊接技术人员有权制止违反工艺规程(范)和工艺纪律的操作，并对不合格的焊缝提出 返修或报废处理意见;有权处理材料代用等问题并对其正确性负责;有权提出和采取必 要的技术措施，以保证焊接质量。 焊接技术人员应逐月、逐项记录安装单位及每个焊工的焊工的焊缝一次合格率(或焊缝Million. Water quality standards the dredging of river boundary section obtained provincial environmental protection Office special bonuses for wetland construction ... ... Million. But sober see, these achievements were made in the case of decreased rainfall for two consecutive years, we realize that environmental protection work still faced many problems in our County. Mainly in the PM2.5 and PM10 air quality monitoring indicators often exceeding, dredging of river section's water quality is not stable, and rural non-point source pollution has not been radical, Wade through the corporate environmental risk, livestock pollution rebound from severe, a wealth of protection and use of water resources is not well. If this year's rainfall, these problems will be exposed, and raw materials caused a great deal of pressure to go green. To solve these problems, we focused on three aspects of the work of environmental protection: (a) in accordance with the ... ... Real good green. According to the "Garden City, roads, tree-lined, mountain forests of" principle, to develop "governance focused piece, scale" afforestation programmes, and actively implement the barren hills green, River afforestation increased, City Green, farmland and other greening works to ensure complete afforestation this year ... ... Acres and acres and afforestation in the plain ... ... Acres, new nursery wood ... ... MU. 返修率)。 安装过程中的焊接技术总是如遇有分时，应由用户、安装单位及本厂有关人员共同研究 (或试验)协商解决。 六、焊工: 制造厂或安装单位的焊工，必须按国家劳动人事部颁发的“锅炉及压力容器焊工考试规 则“的要求进行培训、考核，并取得合格证。对于铝及其合金的氩弧焊工及担任特殊工 作(如特殊材料、特殊位置或方法等)的焊工，则应根据具体情况，由焊接技术人员确 定考试项目和要求。本标准附表中的规定系指安装管道焊工手工焊的必考项目和要求。 制造厂有责任委派代表或由安装单位指派焊接技术人员，对安装焊工的手工焊进行考核， 经考核合格后，方允许担任安装的焊接工作。制造玫应参与检查安装焊接质量。 七、焊接工艺评定: 在制作及安装容器、管道之前，应对所采用的焊接材料、焊接工艺、规范参数等进行焊 接工艺评定，以证实制造或安装单位对这一焊接方法能否保证质量。 焊接工艺评定应符合国家劳动人事部“压力容器安全监察规程”的规定要求，在执行过 程中允许按有关标准制订实施细则。 八、焊接填充金属: 应根据线母材成份、机械性能、工艺性能及工件使用条件等合理选择焊接填充金属。 焊条(焊丝)入库时必须具有材质证明，并按有关标准要求进行各项复验。 焊条应按规定温度经烘干使用，并保证干燥贮藏。 焊丝则应在焊前进行去油(锈)、清理(或清洗)随后在干燥条件下存放。 储藏室允许焊工仅领取一天工作所需的焊条(焊丝)，每天工作后所剩余的焊条(焊丝) 须在下班前归还储藏室。 焊接材料的代用时，均须办理代用手续，等焊接技术人中同意(须考虑是否重新进行焊 接工艺评定)后方可代用。 九、焊接辅助材料: 焊接用保护气体必须具有合格证或成份分析单，并符合气体标准的规定;焊剂(药)等 均须具备质量证明书(或合格证)，并按规定烘干后使用。 十、坡口加工: 管道及容器(指本厂设计、制造的压力容器)的焊接坡口由焊接技术人员根据标准、焊 接工艺评定合理选用，并在图样上注明，继而制订焊接工艺卡(管道可不专门制订焊接 工艺卡)。 Million. Water quality standards the dredging of river boundary section obtained provincial environmental protection Office special bonuses for wetland construction ... ... Million. But sober see, these achievements were made in the case of decreased rainfall for two consecutive years, we realize that environmental protection work still faced many problems in our County. Mainly in the PM2.5 and PM10 air quality monitoring indicators often exceeding, dredging of river section's water quality is not stable, and rural non-point source pollution has not been radical, Wade through the corporate environmental risk, livestock pollution rebound from severe, a wealth of protection and use of water resources is not well. If this year's rainfall, these problems will be exposed, and raw materials caused a great deal of pressure to go green. To solve these problems, we focused on three aspects of the work of environmental protection: (a) in accordance with the ... ... Real good green. According to the "Garden City, roads, tree-lined, mountain forests of" principle, to develop "governance focused piece, scale" afforestation programmes, and actively implement the barren hills green, River afforestation increased, City Green, farmland and other greening works to ensure complete afforestation this year ... ... Acres and acres and afforestation in the plain ... ... Acres, new nursery wood ... ... MU. 采用火焰或等离子切割加工的焊接坡口，焊前应对坡口进行打磨或机械加工;焊前应清 理焊接区的锈污、氧化物、油漆、油污、水份等杂质;焊接检验员应在施焊前检查坡口 的加工及清理(洗)质量，对不合要求的坡口等有权提出返工或焊接区的再清理(洗) 意见。 十一、焊前准备: 焊接检验人员应检查对接焊缝的对口错边量应符合JB41-80及JB1580-75等有关标准的 规定。 应保护焊接区不受恶劣气候(如寒冷、风和雨雪)的影响。在+5?以下的环境温度下进 行焊接、切割时要采取适当措施(如预热、加热和搭棚遮挡)。以保证焊接所要求的温度、 湿度。 焊前搭地线应夹持可靠，不得将搭铁焊在工件或浮摆在工件上。 采用裸焊丝进行焊接时，焊工应戴手套，手套上不得有油漆、油、水或其他脏物。 十二、预热: 根据材料性质和焊缝截面的不同，确定是否进行焊前预热，预热规范应在焊接工艺卡或 其他有关技术文件中予以规定。焊接时需预热的材料，在定位焊前亦应按工艺要求进行 预热。 预热温度均应进行检测，可用测温毛或热电偶温度计测温。 十三、定位焊: 应由考核合格的焊工进行定位焊。定位焊焊缝隙必须无裂纹。定位焊缝上如有裂纹不得 采用焊接方法封盖，而应将焊缝磨光，并采用与打底焊道相同的焊接方法重焊。 定位焊所用的填充材料应与基本焊缝相同。 十四、装配用卡具、定位件等的焊接: 对焊后易造成不良影响的材料应避免采用焊接卡具或定位件等。必要时，最好使用比母 材强度低且适于焊接的材料，使用与其相应的填充金属，将其焊接在工件上，如母材焊 时需预热，则定位件、卡具等的焊接也须相应进行预热。 在去除定位件前，应先将焊缝磨平;敲去定位件时，不得损伤工件表面，在去除定位后 应将残留焊缝磨光。 根据材料及工件的技术要求，必要时需对上述焊接部位进行着色(或磁粉)检验。 十五、焊接: 受压部位诸焊缝的焊接均应与相应的焊接工艺评定一致。所有对接焊缝不允许产生大于 母材负偏差值深度的缺陷并应设法消除上述缺陷。 Million. Water quality standards the dredging of river boundary section obtained provincial environmental protection Office special bonuses for wetland construction ... ... Million. But sober see, these achievements were made in the case of decreased rainfall for two consecutive years, we realize that environmental protection work still faced many problems in our County. Mainly in the PM2.5 and PM10 air quality monitoring indicators often exceeding, dredging of river section's water quality is not stable, and rural non-point source pollution has not been radical, Wade through the corporate environmental risk, livestock pollution rebound from severe, a wealth of protection and use of water resources is not well. If this year's rainfall, these problems will be exposed, and raw materials caused a great deal of pressure to go green. To solve these problems, we focused on three aspects of the work of environmental protection: (a) in accordance with the ... ... Real good green. According to the "Garden City, roads, tree-lined, mountain forests of" principle, to develop "governance focused piece, scale" afforestation programmes, and actively implement the barren hills green, River afforestation increased, City Green, farmland and other greening works to ensure complete afforestation this year ... ... Acres and acres and afforestation in the plain ... ... Acres, new nursery wood ... ... MU. 在多层焊时，每层焊缝表面可见缺陷应仔细清除并修磨后再焊下一层。 工件表面不得有打弧点，如若发生者，则须补焊或修磨。 焊缝表面应清除焊渣及飞溅，必要时须用砂轮打磨。 角焊缝应按平或凹形表面进行焊接，应避免过高的角焊缝。角焊缝厚度按图样标注，若 未标注数据者，则其厚度近较小壁厚的0.7倍计算。 在焊接中断和结束时，应特别注意保证接头及收弧处无缺陷。 应尽量避免在焊后进行修整，当须进行修整时，修整工作应在热处理前进行。修整不得 使母材强度和焊缝的质量下降。若对焊缝质量有疑虑时，应取试件进行检查。 十六、焊后热处理 焊后热处理应根据材质和壁厚、结构、焊条填充金属的成份、焊接条件、强度特性、无 损探伤检验百分比及工件使用条件而定(有时还应考虑附加条件的要求)。热处理须按有 关规程及材料和焊条(焊丝)制造厂的规定(或推荐)要求制订专门的热处理工艺规范。 不同材质焊接接头须根据产品要求和结构特点进行试验以确定正确的焊后热处理规范。 产品焊后热得处理时，其焊接试样板均须产品同炉进行。 各种热处理规范和参数均须做好记录。最终热处理后的工件不得再进行焊接，特殊情况 确需焊接者，必在经主管技术负责人批准。 十七、焊缝标志: 每条焊缝焊毕应清晰地标上施焊焊工的印记(焊工号)及焊缝拍片号。标记可采用钢印 或刻写等。 十八、焊缝的检验: 焊接接头的抽验比例、检验方法和评定要求应根据图样及有关标准规定。有无损探伤要 求，且只能进行单面焊的厚壁件焊缝，在完成打底焊层和第2层焊缝后，须进行射线探 伤经过外观检查合格后方可进行射线探伤。 用于破坏性试验的焊接试样的热处理状态必须工件最后热处理相一致。 凡参加安装的焊工，最初焊接的5条焊缝须作100%射线检查，以确定其焊接资格和技能 是否符合要求。 安装公司在管道安装中允许最高焊缝返修率(指返修焊缝长度与拍片焊缝总长度之百分 比)为5%，而每一个焊工允许最高为8%，每拍20张片，求一次返修率。如安装公司 焊缝返修率在5~10%之间，或每一个焊工在8~16%之间，则拍片应加倍，在超过10~16% 时，则全部焊缝应100%进行射线检验。 所有焊缝检验结果，包括焊缝返修应作记录，且应列入产品检验报告中。 Million. Water quality standards the dredging of river boundary section obtained provincial environmental protection Office special bonuses for wetland construction ... ... Million. But sober see, these achievements were made in the case of decreased rainfall for two consecutive years, we realize that environmental protection work still faced many problems in our County. Mainly in the PM2.5 and PM10 air quality monitoring indicators often exceeding, dredging of river section's water quality is not stable, and rural non-point source pollution has not been radical, Wade through the corporate environmental risk, livestock pollution rebound from severe, a wealth of protection and use of water resources is not well. If this year's rainfall, these problems will be exposed, and raw materials caused a great deal of pressure to go green. To solve these problems, we focused on three aspects of the work of environmental protection: (a) in accordance with the ... ... Real good green. According to the "Garden City, roads, tree-lined, mountain forests of" principle, to develop "governance focused piece, scale" afforestation programmes, and actively implement the barren hills green, River afforestation increased, City Green, farmland and other greening works to ensure complete afforestation this year ... ... Acres and acres and afforestation in the plain ... ... Acres, new nursery wood ... ... MU.