基础知识12及美文赏析13

三维 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 “必会”基础知识过关测试(十二) I. Fill in the blanks according to the given information. 1.①If you just spend your time _______(权衡)advantages and disadvantages, you may get nothing in the end. ②A ________(均衡的) diet contains lots of fruit and green vegetables. ③____________________________________________它将也破坏生态平衡。 2. ____________________________________________我们公司将尽一切努力令顾客满意。 3. To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their _____ and _____ (长处和弱点) 4. ①____________________________________________, the old worker has a lot of experience. ②____________________________________________老师把学生的作文限制在五百字以内。 5. ①On the one hand, it can help me gain some practical experience _________________________________________________________.(我能将来从中获益)用定语从句翻译②_________________________________________________________.人们常常从旅游中受益很多。 ③Good health ________(受益)from enough exercise and nice food. 6. When ________ (结合;联合)with other sounds, it becomes beautiful music. 7. He was a man ________ in manner but firm in action.他是一个举止文雅但行动坚决的人。 _______________________, he told her the bad news.他尽可能以平静的口吻告诉她这个坏消息。 8.He couldn’t _____ Yong Hue_____ _______ ______ telling people lies.他不可能让Yong Hue 哄骗人们后跑掉。 9. ①When she came out, Mary _________(看起来有点累) because she _____________(clean)the house. ②She _____________ /____________ (厌倦)this plain little of life. ③–You look so ____(劳累). What happened? -I _________________ (work) non-stop since 5 o’clock this morning. ④_________________________________________________教小孩很累人。 10. ①What’s more, such TV shows ___________________________.(占据太多的时间和精力) ②We should plant more trees, ________________________(使用干净的能源) and deal with and recycle the polluted water. ③_________________________________________________他是个精力充沛的网球手。 11.⑴He ________________(失去平衡) and fell over. ⑵You have to ________________the advantages of living in a big city against the disadvantages. 你必须权衡住在大城市的利与弊。 ⑶All the parts of the building are ________________.建筑物的各部分都显得非常匀称。 12.请用diet 造句: ⑴________________________________________________________. ⑵________________________________________________________. ⑶________________________________________________________. 13.⑴He’s burning________________(好奇) to know what was happening. ⑵It was ________________(奇怪) that she didn’t tell anyone. 14.⑴He is ____________________________(是个强壮的人). ⑵The great ________________(长出)of our plan lies in its simplicity. 15.⑴_______________________________ (为了利益) those people who arrived late, I’ll just go over the plan again. ⑵It is an expensive investment but it will _______________(使有好处) the company in the long run. ⑶A good diet is______________(有好处的) to health. 16.总结lie的用法:(造句至少3个) ⑴_______________________________________________________. 1 ⑵_______________________________________________________. ⑶_______________________________________________________. 17. _____________________(做研究) /______________________ (进行研究) 18. ⑴I'll help as much as I can, but there is __________________to what I can do.我会尽力帮忙,但我所能做的也是有限度的。 ⑵Her ambition knows ____________________. 她的野心没有限度。 ⑶ We must ________________ our spending. 我们必须限制我们的开支。 ⑷. I'm willing to help, ____________________.我愿适当予以帮助。 ⑸I shall ____________________ myself to three aspects of the subject. 我仅探讨这一问 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 的三个方面。 19. ⑴We can't always ________________________________________. 我们并不总是能在工作中享受到乐趣。 ⑵He __________________creative imagination and true scholarship. 他同时具有创造性想象力和真正的治学谨严学风。 ⑶Two atoms of hydrogen ____________________ one atom of oxygen to form a molecule of water. 两个氢原子和一个氧原子结合而成一个水分子。 20.《三维设计》“佳篇诵读”检查: 节电:及时关闭电灯、电脑等用电设备。 _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________. 节水:随手关闭水龙头;废水再利用。 _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________. 节纸:纸张再利用。 _______________________________________________________________________. 21. Everybody ________ ________ ________ ________(厌烦) his endless speech. 22. The little child ________ ________ ________(疲惫) walking so far. 23. We should ________ ________(抛弃) the bad habits. 24. “Then when do you come out in the morning?” I ________ ________(扔出;随口说出)another question. 25. I don’t know how they managed to ________ ________ ________(不受惩罚) paying such low taxes. 26. He was ________ ________(欠债) when he was poor, but has been out of debt since he got rich. 27. You must ________ ________ ________(摆脱) all your worries and have a good rest. 28. You may keep the book a further week ________ ________(倘若) no one else requires it. 29. As I was sitting down to have supper, the telephone ________(偏偏) ring. 30. – There is a lot of smoke coming out of the teaching building there. -- Really? It ________ be a fire, most probably. 美文赏析(十三):精读美文 -------- 提升“完形”和“阅读”的美文载体 Unit Nine: What Is Intelligence,Anyway? TEXT Asimov explains why there is much more in intelligence than just being able to score high on intelligence tests. What Is Intelligence, Anyway? Isaac Asimov what is intelligence, anyway? When I was in the army I received a kind of aptitude test that all soldiers took and, against a normal of 100, scored 160. No one at the base had ever seen a figure like that and for two hours they made a nig fuss over me. (It didn't mean anything. The next day I was still a buck private with KP as my highest duty.) All my life I've been registering scores like that, so that I have the complacent feeling that I'm highly intelligent, and I expect other people to think so, too. Actually, though, don't such scores simply mean that I am very good at answering the type of academic questions that are considered worthy of answers by the people who make up the intelligence tests - people with intellectual bents similar to mine? For instance, I had an auto-repair man once, who, on these intelligence tests, could not possibly have scored more than 80, by my estimate. I always took it for granted that I was far more intelligent than he was. Yet, when anything went wrong with my car I hastened to him with it, watched him anxiously as he explored its vitals, and listened to his pronouncements as though they were divine oracles - and he always fixed my car. Well, then, suppose my auto-repair man devised questions for an intelligence test. Or suppose a carpenter did, or a farmer, or, indeed, almost anyone but an academician. By every one of those tests, I'd prove myself a moron. And I'd be a moron, too. In a world where I could not use my academic training and my verbal talents but had to do something intricate or hard, working with my hands, I would do poorly. My intelligence, then, is not absolute. Its worth is determined by the society I live in. Its numerical evaluation is determined by a small subsection of that society which has managed to foist itself on the rest of us as an arbiter of such matters. Consider my auto-repair man, again. He had a habit of telling me jokes whenever he saw me. One time he raised his head from under the automobile hood to say: "Doc, a deaf-and-dumb guy went into a hardware store to ask for some nails. He put two fingers together on the counter and made hammering motions with the other hand. The clerk brought him a hammer. He shook his head and pointed to the two fingers he was hammering. The clerk brought him nails. He picked out the sizes he wanted, and left. Well, doc, the next guy who came in was a blind man. He wanted scissors. How do you suppose he asked for them?" I lifted my right hand and made scissoring motions with my first two fingers. Whereupon my auto-repair man laughed heartily and said, "Why, you dumb fool, he used his voice and asked for them." Then he said, smugly, "I've been trying that on all my customers today." "Did you catch many?" I asked. "Quite a few," he said, "but I knew for sure I'd catch you." "Why is that?" I asked. "Because you're so goddamned educated, doc, I know you couldn't be very smart." And I have an uneasy feeling he had something there. Unit Ten: Profits of Praise TEXT Are we too quick to blame and slow to praise? It seems we are. Profits of Praise It was the end of my exhausting first day as waitress in a busy New York restaurant. My cap had gone awry, my apron was stained, and my feet ached. The loaded trays I carried felt heavier and heavier. Weary and discouraged, I didn't seem able to do anything right. As I made out a complicated check for a family with several children who had changed their ice-cream order a dozen times, I was ready to quit. Then the father smiled at me as he handed me my tip. "Well done," he said. "You've looked after us really well." Suddenly my tiredness vanished. I smiled back, and later, when the manager asked me how I'd liked my first day, I said, "Fine!" Those few words of praise had changed everything. Praise is like sunlight to the human spirit; we cannot flower and grow without it. And yet, while most of us are only too ready to apply to others the cold wind of criticism, we are somehow reluctant to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise. Why - when one word can bring such pleasure? A friend of mine who travels widely always tries to learn a little of the language of any place she visits. She's not much of a linguist, but she does know how to say one word - "beautiful" - in several languages. She can use it to a mother holding her baby, or to lonely salesman fishing out pictures of his family. The ability has earned her friends all over the world. It's strange how chary we are about praising. Perhaps it's because few of us know how to accept compliments gracefully. Instead, we are embarrassed and shrug off the words we are really so glad to hear. Because of this defensive reaction, direct compliments are surprisingly difficult to give. That is why some of the most valued pats on the back are those which come to us indirectly, in a letter or passed on by a friend. When one thinks of the speed with which spiteful remarks are conveyed, it seems a pity that there isn't more effort to relay pleasing and flattering comments. It's especially rewarding to give praise in areas in which effort generally goes unnoticed or unmentioned. An artist gets complimented for a glorious picture, a cook for a perfect meal. But do you ever tell you laundry manager how pleased you are when the shirts are done just right? Do you ever praise your paper boy for getting the paper to you on time 365 days a year? Praise is particularly appreciated by those doing routine jobs: gas-station attendants, waitresses - even housewives. Do you ever go into a house and say, "What a tidy room"? Hardly anybody does. That's why housework is considered such a dreary grind. Comment is often made about activities which are relatively easy and satisfying, like arranging flowers; but not about jobs which are hard and dirty, like scrubbing floors. Shakespeare said, "Our praises are our wages." Since so often praise is the only wage a housewife receives, surely she of all people should get her measure. Mothers know instinctively that for children an ounce of praise is worth a pound of scolding. Still, we're not always as perceptive as we might be about applying the rule. One day I was criticizing my children for squabbling. "Can you never play peacefully?" I shouted. Susanna looked at me quizzically. "Of course we can," she said. "But you don't notice us when we do." Teachers agree about the value of praise. One teacher writes that instead of drowning students' compositions in critical red ink, the teacher will get far more constructive results by finding one or two things which have been done better than last time, and commenting favorably on them. "I believe that a student knows when he has handed in something above his usual standard," writes the teacher, "and that he waits hungrily for a brief comment in the margin to show him that the teacher is aware of it, too." Behavioral scientists have done countless experiments to prove that any human being tends to repeat an act which has been immediately followed by a pleasant result. In one such experiment, a number of schoolchildren were divided into three groups and given arithmetic tests daily for five days. One group was consistently praised for its previous performance; another group was criticized; the third was ignored. Not surprisingly, those who were praised improved dramatically. Those who were criticized improved also, bus not so much. And the scores of the children who were ignored hardly improved at all. Interestingly the brightest children were helped just as much by criticism as by praise, but the less able children reacted badly to criticism, needed praise the most. Yet the latter are the very youngsters who, in most schools, fail to get the pat on the back. To give praise costs the giver nothing but a moment's thought and a moment's effort - perhaps a quick phone call to pass on a compliment, or five minutes spent writing an appreciative letter. It is such a small investment - and yet considers the results it may produce. "I can live for two months on a good compliment," said Mark Twain. So, let's be alert to the small excellences around us - and comment on them. We will not only bring joy into other people's lives, but also, very often, added happiness into out own.