小学英语单词教学法初认知

小学英语单词教学法初认知 摘要:单词是小学英语的基础，也是其主要因素。搭建好小学英语这座房子的地基—英语单词，小学生们才能把英语学得好，学得精。因此，教师应该善于把握英语单词教学，有效的教学法是提高英语单词教学效率的关键。 关键词:认知 英语单词 方法 一、认知单词 单词是语言知识体系中的一个小单位，但是它的地位和作用却是不可轻视的。正如著名的语言学家威尔金斯(Wilkins)所说:“Without grammar very little can be conveyed, witho ut vocabulary nothing can be conveyed.”另一方面，作为小学英语老师，我们就应该明白， 小学英语并没有像中学英语那样有升学压力，顾因将英语单词教学摆在第一位。 但是英语单词教学并不是盲目地要求学生跟读、死记硬背;那样的话，学生就会望而生畏，产生极其厌恶的消极态度。反之，如果我们换个角度，采用丰富多彩的教学方法去对待单词教学，那结果会是截然不同，效果会是事半功倍。但英语单词教学法不在于用得多，而在于用得精，做到恰如其分。“寓教于乐”是我在英语教学中的总体思路，这也反映在单词教学上，使学生们能够乐知、乐学、乐用。 二、认知单词教学法 虽从教不久，但对单词教学方法有了初步认知，通过课堂实践，我总结了以下几种方法: 1、 边画边学单词 画，即简笔画。简笔画教学是情景教学的方法之一，它最早是由理查兹博士(L.A. Richards)和吉伯逊女士(C. Gibson)创设的。简笔画是用简洁、概括的方式把比较抽象事物变得生动、形象。例如在教动物单词时，教师把dog, monkey, elephant„等画出来，形成具体化，势必会提升学生的有意注意，学生感到好奇，产生浓厚的兴趣。简笔画不但可用于单词的导出，也可用于单词的巩固，学习后，大家可以画一画，比一比，看谁画得好，说得棒，大家的竞争意识自然而然产生，进而转化为学习的动力。 这种学习方式有效地调动了学生的大脑神经，发挥了学生的视觉和手写动觉，也能避免了学生的课堂疲惫感。可见，简笔画教学达到了“鲜、活、辣、甜”的课堂效果，增强了学生的学习兴趣，活跃了课堂气氛，有利于学生们对单词的掌握。 2、 边唱边学单词 唱，即歌曲教学。马克思说过:“音乐是人类第二语言。”而唱歌又是人的声音与语言结合的一种音乐。从心理上来看，唱歌是以听觉感知为主的形象记忆，直接渗透到大脑，形成记忆，这是一个快捷的记忆方法。小学生的记忆力不是很很强，而通过歌曲，就能把单词娱乐化，有助于学生的对单词的理解和记忆。下面，以英语歌曲My Father Is a Doctor为例加以说明。 My Father Is a Doctor credit management: clear conditions and requirements for loan extension. (10) recovery and disposal: 1 term in a year (including) within the loan, in addition to the monthly interest payment, due in principal repayment options, you can also select a matching service, equal principal repayment method; 2, Client Manager after receiving and reviewing early repayment of the application shall be submitted to the head of the Marketing Department for review, processing through the examination and approval procedures of repayment. (11) defined the offence. Third, in case of problems during the implementation process, please contact Head division. Annex: qilu Bank personal loans guaranteed management qilu Bank b o February 1, 11 key words: retail banking guarantee loan management of qilu Bank's Office issued on February 1, 2011 Proofreading: Liu Debao Annex: qilu Bank personal loans guaranteed Management chapter I General provisions article to promote personal loans guaranteed business development, standardized lending practices, according to the People's Republic of China on commercial banks and the China Banking Regulatory Commission and other laws and regulations of the interim measures for the administration of personal loans, these measures are formulated. Individual guarantee article II is a natural or legal person units to provide security for the loan, granted My father is a doctor, my mother is a teacher. They love me so. My father is a doctor, my mother is a teacher. I love them, too. My uncle is a driver, my aunt i s a farmer. They love me so. My uncle is a driver, my aunt is a farmer. I love them, too. 可以先通过欣赏歌曲，而歌曲的优美旋律能消除疲劳，产生愉悦心情，把学生们带入轻松的 学习氛围当中，接着再引出所学单词:teacher, farmer, doctor, driver。这样就能达到不一样 的学习效果。正如《乐记》中所说的“移风易俗，莫善于乐。”歌曲是小学英语课堂中的一道亮 丽风景线，也全面培养了学生的审美观念、审美能力和审美情感。 3、 边玩边学单词 玩，即在游戏中学单词。俄国著名的教育学家乌申斯基曾说过:“没有丝毫兴趣的强制性学 习将会扼杀学生探求真理的欲望。”那怎样才能更好地激起学生的学习欲望呢,游戏便是最有价 值的方式之一。更何况，游戏也符合了孩子们爱玩的天性，在玩中学，在学中玩。Let’s do, Let’s play, Listen and search等都是很有意义的游戏方式。 举Listen and search来说明，这是一个能体现TPR的活动，教师叫学生A面对黑板站 着;接着拿出一张单词卡片，叫全班同学念;然后把单词卡藏在同学B的课桌里;最后叫同学A 去找，而全班学生要随着学生A跟目标的远近而用高低声读出该单词。越远，声音越低，越近， 声音越高。以找到为止或老师用数five, four, three, two, one来结束。 由此可见，游戏利用了无意注意的特征，符合了小学生的心理和生理特点，有利于学生们形 成正确的学习方法和良好的学习习惯，也符合素质教育要求。 4、 边猜边学单词 猜，即在猜单词中学。小学生的生理和心理特征都表明，小学生活泼好动，有强烈的好奇心 和旺盛的求知欲。而猜这一项活动就是能激活小学生这种生理、心理特性。它能发展学生们的创 新思维，开发他们的智力，在轻松、活泼的气氛中习得英语知识和英语技能。 不管在引出还是在巩固单词，What’s missing? What’s the first one? What’s the next one? What’s the last one? 都是有效的猜单词活动。拿What’s missing?来说说，就是老师呈现很多六个左右单词，然后去掉一两个叫同学猜哪几个消失了。猜，的确营造了一种好奇、 思考、求知、活跃的课堂气氛，在这种情况下，学生的注意力和记忆力都会得到更高的提升。 5、 边演边学单词 演，即角色表演。著名的教育学家苏霍姆林斯基说过:“教师如果不想方设法使学生产生情 绪高昂和智力振奋的内心状态，而知识不动感情的脑力劳动，就会带来疲劳。” 而小学生的模 仿力和可塑性都很强，他们爱表现、善模仿、好活动，而角色表演是需要孩子耳、口、手脚参与， 甚至穿插跳、唱、说等多种形式，它能牢牢地吸引儿童的注意力，唤起儿童强烈的情绪反应。 以下例子说明:当在教“ What can you do? I can „”时，可以work in groups。同学A 说:“I can set the table.”接着问“ What can you do?”，而同学B回答:“I can do discredit management: clear conditions and requirements for loan extension. (10) recovery and disposal: 1 term in a year (including) within the loan, in addition to the monthly interest payment, due in principal repayment options, you can also select a matching service, equal principal repayment method; 2, Client Manager after receiving and reviewing early repayment of the application shall be submitted to the head of the Marketing Department for review, processing through the examination and approval procedures of repayment. (11) defined the offence. Third, in case of problems during the implementation process, please contact Head division. Annex: qilu Bank personal loans guaranteed management qilu Bank b o February 1, 11 key words: retail banking guarantee loan management of qilu Bank's Office issued on February 1, 2011 Proofreading: Liu Debao Annex: qilu Bank personal loans guaranteed Management chapter I General provisions article to promote personal loans guaranteed business development, standardized lending practices, according to the People's Republic of China on commercial banks and the China Banking Regulatory Commission and other laws and regulations of the interim measures for the administration of personal loans, these measures are formulated. Individual guarantee article II is a natural or legal person units to provide security for the loan, granted hes.”然后同学B也可以再和同学C进行交流。这样就能把同学们拉到一块，减轻孤立感，培养大家团结合作的精神，特别能使一部分性格内向、胆小、自卑的学生得到锻炼。 三、认知小结 虽然对这几种单词教学法有了初步认知，也在课堂中实践过，效果不错，但还远远不够。我们应该根据教材内容，学生特点，想方设法把单词教学法融会贯通，向多元化发展。这样的话，单词教学不会成为英语教学中枯燥、低效的板块，而会成为小学生学习英语的“催化剂”。 浅谈小学英语单词教学法 2008-07-20 09:59 小学生学英语与我们以前的传统教育已相差很大了，我感受最深的是单词教学这一块。 掌握一定数量的词汇是学好词组、学好句子、学好文章，是学好英语的基础。为教单词而教单词已行不通。最重要的是寓单词教学于娱乐之中，以增强小学生学英语的趣味性，调动学生的积极性。以下是我对英语单词教学方法的几点谈论。 一(学生好玩、好动、爱新鲜。教单词时，我尽力运用直观形象的实物呈现给学生看，如教一些学习用品类单词时就带些实物到班上，让学生能看一看、摸一摸、有真实感，这样学起来就印象更深刻更具体。学生的想象丰富，教师可用简笔画在黑板上勾勒出内容，学习效果更直观、更深刻。教师可运用多媒体教学 课件 超市陈列培训课件免费下载搭石ppt课件免费下载公安保密教育课件下载病媒生物防治课件 可下载高中数学必修四课件打包下载 将声音、图形、动作等充分结合起来教，如教动物单词时，借助可以看到的动物的形象、可以听到的动物的叫声、外加一些灵活的动作让学生如亲临观看动物，这样边显象边学，学生学得很快。 二(让学生在游戏中去不知不觉的轻松的学单词。1:Total quiet在训练学生认读能力方面，可以采取教师读对，学生就跟读，否则就不读。2:Hot seats也可以让一学生面对大家，老师在其后示意大家单词或图片，而后大家用间接语言或手势来提示，让此学生来猜是何单词，猜出来继续猜，猜不出就后一位同学上来接着猜，看哪一组剩下的人数最多就赢。3:What number? 每个单词贴序号，教师说序号，学生说单词，而后打乱顺序练习。4:Find friends.一同学走出教室，另一学生将一单词卡片或表示该单词的实物藏起来，让进来的同学听大家声音大小就是近声音大远声音就小的提示来找。5:Look and guess. 将同学四人或五人一小组进行竞赛，教师先出示单词图片，再从中抽出一张，credit management: clear conditions and requirements for loan extension. (10) recovery and disposal: 1 term in a year (including) within the loan, in addition to the monthly interest payment, due in principal repayment options, you can also select a matching service, equal principal repayment method; 2, Client Manager after receiving and reviewing early repayment of the application shall be submitted to the head of the Marketing Department for review, processing through the examination and approval procedures of repayment. (11) defined the offence. Third, in case of problems during the implementation process, please contact Head division. Annex: qilu Bank personal loans guaranteed management qilu Bank b o February 1, 11 key words: retail banking guarantee loan management of qilu Bank's Office issued on February 1, 2011 Proofreading: Liu Debao Annex: qilu Bank personal loans guaranteed Management chapter I General provisions article to promote personal loans guaranteed business development, standardized lending practices, according to the People's Republic of China on commercial banks and the China Banking Regulatory Commission and other laws and regulations of the interim measures for the administration of personal loans, these measures are formulated. Individual guarantee article II is a natural or legal person units to provide security for the loan, granted 由每小组的第一位同学猜，教师问:“Is it a---?” 学生回答:“ Yes ,it is.” 或“No,isn’t.”猜对了就加分，第一位同学猜后，第二位同学继续猜。6:Speak word test.将学生分组，开始后，每组的第一个学生用中文说出一个单词(如:地铁)，第二名学生应马上将这个单词说出来，说对了就加分，说错了不加分。分数最多的那组为获胜组。7:Guess the things in the bag. 教师将一物品放入一袋中，由每组的第一位学生轮流猜，可以问:“Is it a ball(a pencil/orange---),猜对了为获胜。8:Language fax. 教师分别给每一组最后一排的学生一张纸(上面写个单词)或轻声在其耳边说一单词，教师说开始后，最后一排的学生就用耳语告诉前面的学生，依次传下去，最后，第一排的学生把所传的单词写到黑板上或大声说出来，传得最快、最准的获胜。9:Listen and touch ,and then do SIMON says games.教师快速说单词，学生快速触摸此物或部位，最快、最准的获胜。当学生听到SIMON says,学生做动作，否则不动。同样的每组分别抽人上去赛。方法很多，我不再罗列。 三(让学生在声乐中学单词 小孩子爱唱爱跳是他们的天性。美的音乐可激发他们的学习兴趣，在单词教学中，我让英语在美妙的歌曲声中轻松地进入他们的头脑，使学生不知不觉中主动接受教育。 1、歌曲中学单词:如我在二年级第二单元I want to be a teacher .这一课的几个职业巩固时，对同学们说:“let’s sing a song now, it’s very easy,Would you like to sing it ,”听到唱歌同学们很兴奋，大声喊出 “YES”，首先我轻哼音调唱出，然后请同学们逐个放入(I I want to be a teacher/doctor/driver/manager/fireman/policeman/nurse.)，单词在同学们快乐甜美的歌声中“飘”进记忆深处。 又如我在一年级第一单元I LOVE MY FAMILLY一课中，在教完了歌曲FATHER FINGER后请同学们将场所单词换掉自编歌曲并将其唱出，同学们很积极，很会动脑筋，这样或那样编:Mother finger, sister finger ,Where are you ? Good Morning ,Good morning ..Grandpa finger ,grandpa finger ,where are you? Good evening ,good evening..伴着孩子们优美的歌声与喜悦的笑声，课堂活跃非常。 credit management: clear conditions and requirements for loan extension. (10) recovery and disposal: 1 term in a year (including) within the loan, in addition to the monthly interest payment, due in principal repayment options, you can also select a matching service, equal principal repayment method; 2, Client Manager after receiving and reviewing early repayment of the application shall be submitted to the head of the Marketing Department for review, processing through the examination and approval procedures of repayment. (11) defined the offence. Third, in case of problems during the implementation process, please contact Head division. Annex: qilu Bank personal loans guaranteed management qilu Bank b o February 1, 11 key words: retail banking guarantee loan management of qilu Bank's Office issued on February 1, 2011 Proofreading: Liu Debao Annex: qilu Bank personal loans guaranteed Management chapter I General provisions article to promote personal loans guaranteed business development, standardized lending practices, according to the People's Republic of China on commercial banks and the China Banking Regulatory Commission and other laws and regulations of the interim measures for the administration of personal loans, these measures are formulated. Individual guarantee article II is a natural or legal person units to provide security for the loan, granted 2、顺口溜中学单词:如，在教2A 第一单元JOBS时，我是这么编的:教师教师是teacher, teacher，teacher是教师。医生医生是doctor，doctor，doctor是医生，警察警察是policeman ,policeman ,policeman“ Hands up”。经理经理是manager ,manager， manager“ Do this ,do that.” 在教学3A第二单元Colours时我是这么编的:黄色黄色是yellow， yellow yellow黄香蕉，棕色棕色是brown，brown brown象咖啡。白色白色是white white white白云飘，红色红色是red, red red红旗摇，绿色绿色是green， green green是小草，蓝色蓝色是blue， blue blue天蓝蓝，黑色黑色是black，black black黑煤炭，橙色橙色是orange ，orange orange象橘子。 在教授一年级第二单元几个房间(bedroom、wash room 、 living-room 、 kitchen )我请同学以游戏形式，同桌间用一个简单动作来表示一个房间，简单动作 bedroom --睡觉姿势 wash room--洗澡姿势 living room---看电视姿势 kitchen-- 炒菜姿势，同学们在边做动作，边猜单词的过程中得到了很好的巩固。 四(在温故知新中去学单词 通过旧单词来更快的掌握新单词的方法也是很实用的一种。 如在教授二年级第二单元的单词policeman,fireman,teacher,manager,driver 等单词后，我会让同学们回答，这几个新单词和我们以前学过的哪些词比较类似，同学们你一言我一语的讨论起来，最后 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 很快出来了 man-policeman man—fireman er—teacher er—manager„„答案很多，这种形式可以降低学生记忆难度，有些单词很快在不知不觉中被记住了。 pencil,ball pen,pencil sharpener都是和pen有关的一些单词，通过与pen的对比同学们很快了解到和钢笔类似的文具用品的名称了。 五( 练习巩固学单词 给学生布置一些趣味性、拓展性的回家作业是对课堂单词练习巩固的一种很好的延续 我们只有不断改进教学手段、不断提高同学们的英语学习积极性，学生便能学单词不难，学句子不难，学文章不难。 credit management: clear conditions and requirements for loan extension. (10) recovery and disposal: 1 term in a year (including) within the loan, in addition to the monthly interest payment, due in principal repayment options, you can also select a matching service, equal principal repayment method; 2, Client Manager after receiving and reviewing early repayment of the application shall be submitted to the head of the Marketing Department for review, processing through the examination and approval procedures of repayment. (11) defined the offence. Third, in case of problems during the implementation process, please contact Head division. Annex: qilu Bank personal loans guaranteed management qilu Bank b o February 1, 11 key words: retail banking guarantee loan management of qilu Bank's Office issued on February 1, 2011 Proofreading: Liu Debao Annex: qilu Bank personal loans guaranteed Management chapter I General provisions article to promote personal loans guaranteed business development, standardized lending practices, according to the People's Republic of China on commercial banks and the China Banking Regulatory Commission and other laws and regulations of the interim measures for the administration of personal loans, these measures are formulated. Individual guarantee article II is a natural or legal person units to provide security for the loan, granted