英语语音练习

英语语音练习 伍乐其 陈璧云 汇编 Exercises for English Pronunciation 1 Plosives/stops(爆破音): / , / / , / / , / / / / / / / / / , / / / / , / / , / / / / / / / / , / Fricatives(摩擦音): / , Affricates(破擦音): / , / / / I. Listen to the tape and tick out the word you hear from each of the following pairs. 1. A. pat B. bat 11. A. fine B. vine 2. A. lap B. lab 12. A. leaf B. leave 3. A. napped B. nabbed 13. A. first B. thirst 4. A. staple B. stable 14. A. seem B. theme 5. A. tuck B. duck 15. A. day B. they 6. A. writing B. riding 16. A. loose B. lose 7. A. feet B. feed 17. A. glacier B. glazier 8. A. coast B. ghost 18. A. assure B. azure 9. A. lacking B. lagging 19. A. batches B. badges 10. A. lock B. log 20. A. washed B. watched II. Listen to the tape and decide whether A or B should be the matching answer. (1) plosives: 1. The speaker wants to have a look at the ______. A. cart B. card 2. What was the girl doing? A. Sopping. B. Sobbing. 3. They were talking about ______ them. A. stabling B. stapling 4. The man must be fond of ______. A. writing B. riding 5. The speaker was looking for the ______. A. bills B. pills 6. What did the man do? A. He hit the dog. B. He hid the dog. 7. The boys were ______. A. praying B. playing 8. The new teacher likes his new ______. A. class B. glass 1 9. The girls are going to ______. A. do cleaning B. collect things 10. What are they going to do? A. Try it. B. Dry it. (2) fricatives and affricates: 1. A. Yes, did you win it? B. Yes, it’s really cheap. 2. A. Call a doctor! B. Call a waiter. 3. A. No, he isn’t. B. No, she isn’t. 4. A. A movie. B. My car. 5. A. No, not a lot. B. It’s his favourite cereal. 6. A. A place to walk. B. A successful result in an exam. 7. A. Yes, it’s free. B. Yes, it’s three. 8. A. I’m sorry to hear that. B. She’s lucky. 9. A. Yes, the whole village was in flames. B. Yes, it’s a silver frame. 10. A. Did you see the wind making things roll around? B. Wind from the south always brings nice weather. III. Listen to the following sentences and repeat after the tape. Pay special attention to the pronunciation of the English plosives/stops. 1. Americans eat breakfast and lunch quickly. 2. The evening meal is usually longer. 3. It is a time for families to gather together. 4. Rushing through daytime meals is part of the fast pace in America. 5. Another reason is that many people eat in restaurants. 6. Restaurants are usually crowded with people. 7. Each person hurries to make room for the next. 8. There is a real difference between them. 9. Daytime meals are eaten in a hurry. 2 10. Evening meals are those that can be enjoyed slowly with friends. IV. Listen to the following sentences and repeat after the tape. Pay special attention to the pronunciation of the English fricatives. 1. The White House is a house in Washington D.C. 2. The president of the USA lives in it. 3. The White House is white. 4. Do you know why? 5. It happened in 1812. 6. England was at war with America. 7. The British army got to Washington. 8. The British army set fire to the house. 9. To hide the marks of the fire, the stone walls of the house were painted white. 10. It has been the ―White House‖ ever since. V. Speaking Exercise: work in pairs; one says sentence a or b and the other says the matching answer. Sentences Matching Answers 1. a. What does ―faith‖ mean? Belief. b. What does ―face‖ mean? Surface. 2. a. How do you spell ―math‖? M-A-T-H. b. How do you spell ―mass‖? M-A-S-S. 3. a. How do you like Rod’s place? I’ve never been to his place. b. How do you like Rod’s plays? Most of them are very good. 4. a. Did anyone explain the loss? Yes. It was a terrible loss. b. Did anyone explain the laws? Yes. It was quite complicated. 5. a. Where’s the other half? It’s in the desk. b. Where’s the other hearth? Look for the fireplace. 6. a. What was the price? You mean the net price? b. What was the prize? A prize cup. 7. a. How are you going to saw the We need a tool. frozen meat? b. How are you going to thaw the Put it into the micro-oven. frozen meat? 8. a. What does ―fear‖ mean? To be afraid. b. What does ―veer‖ mean? To change direction quickly. 3 9. a. Do you have a view? Yes, I can see the lake. b. Do you have a few? Yes, I have at least ten. 10. a. What does ―chatter‖ mean? To talk fast. b. What does ―shatter‖ mean? To break glass. VI. Tongue Twisters: 1. Billy Biber bit a bit of buttered biscuit. A bit of buttered biscuit Billy Biber bit. If Billy Biber bit a bit of buttered biscuit, Where’s the bit of buttered biscuit Billy Biber bit? 2. Peter Payntor, the painter, prefers painting pink pigs to picking pretty purple pansies. 3. She sells seashells on the shining seashore, and shells she sells on the seashore are seashells I am sure. 4. There are 33, 333 (thirty three thousand three hundred and thirty three) feathers on that thrush’s throat. Incomplete plosives(不完全爆破音): / , / or / , / or / , / or / / or / / or / / + / , / or / , / or / , / or / / or / / or / / or / , / or / / VII. Read the following sentences and pay special attention to the incomplete plosives. I had the chicken chopped by the butcher. 1. 2. I’d take good care of her. I’d done it. I’d come. 3. 4. The sweet corns taste good. 5. Everyone wants to find a good job. 6. I object Ben’s idea. 7. He used to collect coins in his leisure time. 8. Give it to the next person. *Practice materials in the textbook: Fricatives: p.6—p.11, p. 81—p. 82 (III), p. 99 (III); Plosives: p.14—p.16 (I., II.), p.66—p.67 (III); aspiration of plosive consonants: p.16—p.17 (I. 4.); Affricates: p.17—p.18 (II.), p.61—p.62 (III. 2.); Incomplete plosives: p.59—p.60 (I., II.). 4 *More materials for your practice after class: / , / Passports, please Official: Passport, please. Mr. Chapman: I think I’ve lost our passports, Pam. Mrs. Chapman: Oh, Peter, how could you be so stupid? Didn’t you put them in your pocket? Mr. Chapman: Here’s a pen… a pencil… a postcard… an envelop… a stamp… a pin… Mrs. Chapman: Oh, stop taking everything out of your pockets. You probably put them in the plastic bag. Mr. Chapman: Here’s a newspaper… an apple… a pear… a plastic cup… a spoon… some paper plates… a piece of pie… some pepper… some presents. Mrs. Chapman: Oh, stop pulling everything out of the plastic bag, Peter. These people are getting impatient. Mr. Chapman: Well, help me, Pam. Mrs. Chapman: We’ve lost our passports. Perhaps we dropped them on the plane. Official: Then let the other passengers pass, please. Mr. Chapman: Pam, why don’t you help? You are not being very helpful. Put the things in the plastic bag. Official: Your name, please? Mr. Chapman: Chapman. Official: Please go upstairs with this police officer, Mr. Chapman. / , / Barbara’s Birthday Barbara: Hi, Bob! Bob: Hi, Barbara. You seem very happy. Barbara: Well… you know, today’s my birthday. thBob: Oh, right. February 7. Your birthday! Happy birthday, Barbara! Barbara: Thanks, Bob. Look at this bracelet that Robin gave me. Isn’t it beautiful? Bob: Oh, it is. That’s a beautiful blouse, too. You look good in blue. Was that a birthday present, too? 5 Barbara: Yes. And my mother gave me some paintbrushes and a book about birds. And, uh, somebody bought me a cookbook. Bob: Did your brother give you anything? Barbara: Yes. He built some bookshelves for my bedroom. Bob: I’m really sorry, Barbara, but I forgot all about your birthday. I’ve been so busy with my job. And I’m terrible at remembering birthdays, anyway. Barbara: Well, my birthday, isn’t over yet… Bob: Yeah! Let’s go out and celebrate. We can get a cab and go to that new club. / , / In a Department Store Teenage Girl: I want to buy a hat. Salesperson: Hats are downstairs on the first floor. Tall woman: I’d like to buy a skirt. Salesperson: Skirts are in the sportswear department, to your left. Student: Where can I get a tape recorder? Salesperson: Take the elevator to the tenth floor. Short man: Where would I find ties? Salesperson: The men’s department is straight ahead. Fat man: Where can I get a hot meal? Salesperson: There’s a restaurant on the thirteenth floor. Little girl: Could you tell me where the toy department is? Salesperson: Certainly. It’s upstairs on the next floor. Tall man: I want to return this sweater. It’s too tight. Salesperson: The returns department is on the top floor, next to the cafeteria. Short woman: I want to buy some towels. Salesperson: Take the stairs down to the basement. Teenage boy: Where can I get a football? Salesperson: Try the sporting goods department, on the twelfth floor. Twins: Could you tell us the time, please? Salesperson: Yes. It’s exactly twenty-two minutes after ten. / / A Missed Date Debbie: Hello. Donald: Hello, Debbie? This is Donald. 6 Debbie: Oh, hi, Donald. Donald: What happened yesterday? You forgot our date, didn’t you? Debbie: Well, it rained hard all day and I had a bad cold, so I decided to stay home. Donald: You did? But I tried to call you at least twenty times and nobody answered. Debbie: Oh, the telephone lines were damaged by the storm. They repaired them today. Donald: What did David do yesterday? Did he and Judy go dancing? Debbie: No. They stayed home and played cards with the children. Donald: And what did you do? Did you play cards, too? Debbie: No. I listened to records and studied. What did you do yesterday, Donald? Donald: I just told you, Debbie. I tried to call you twenty times! / / The Cuckoo Clock Mrs. Cook: Would you like some cream in your coffee, Mrs. Clark? Mrs. Clark: No, thank you. But I’d like some milk, please. Mrs. Cook: Would you like some chocolate cookies? Mrs. Clark: Mm, yes. Thanks. Did you bake these? Mrs. Cook: Yes. Take some more. And here’s… Mrs. Clark: Excuse me, Mrs. Cook. But what’s that next to your bookcase? Is it a clock? Mrs. Cook: Yes. It’s a cuckoo clock. I got it in Canada. Mrs. Clark: Is it plastic? Mrs. Cook: Oh, no. It’s oak. It was quite an expensive clock. It’s electric. Mrs. Clark: Well, it’s exactly six o’clock now, and it’s very quiet. Doesn’t it say cuckoo? Mrs. Cook: Of course. Look! Clock: Cuckoo! Cuckoo! Cuckoo! Cuckoo! Cuckoo! Cuckoo! Mrs. Clark: Oh, what a cute clock! Clock: Cuckoo! / / Guests in August Craig: I just got a telegram from Margaret and Greg. 7 Gloria: Are they coming to Chicago again? Craig: Yes. They’re coming, the beginning of August. Gloria: Oh, good! We can all get together again. Craig: I’m glad they’re coming in August. Maybe Greg and I can play some golf or get tickets to a baseball game. Gloria: And Margaret and I can take the dog and go jogging in the park. Craig: Remember the garden party they gave when we wee in England? Gloria: Oh, yes. We all sat on the grass, and Margaret played her guitar and sang Greek songs. Craig: I had a great time. It’ll be good to see them again. / , / At the Photographer’s Fred: I want a photograph of myself and my wife. Photographer: Fill out this form, please. Would you prefer a front photograph or a profile? Fred: A front photograph, don’t you think, Fran? Fran: Yeas. Front. Photographer: Please sit on this sofa. Are you comfortable? Fran: Yes. This is fine. Photographer: Mr. Fuller, gave a happy laugh Fred: This is difficult. I you say something funny, I’ll laugh. Photographer: And, Mrs. Fuller, please look cheerful and friendly. Fred: (laughs) Fran: Finished? Photographer: Yes. Fred: Will the photograph be ready by the first of February? Photographer: Yes. Phone my office in five days. Fred: Fine. / , / A View of the Valley Vivian: Has your family lived here for very long? Victor: Five and a half years. We moved here on the first of November. Vivian: You have a fantastic view. Victor: Yes. I love living here. Vivian: Look! You can see the village way down in the valley. 8 Victor: Yes. It’s a lovely view. / , Gossips Judith: Edith Roth is thirty. Arthur: Is she? I thought she was thirty-three. Judith: Her birthday was last Thursday. Arthur: Was it? I thought it was last month. Judith: The Roth’s house is worth $300,000. Arthur: Is it? I thought it was worth about $30,000. Judith: Roth is the author of a book about moths. Arthur: Is he? I thought he was a mathematician. Judith: I’m so thirsty. Arthur: Are you? I though you had something to drink at the Roths’. Judith: No. Edith didn’t give me anything to drink. Arthur: I’ll buy you a drink. Judith: Oh! Thank you. / , / The Hat in the Window Heather: I’d like to buy the hat in the window. Sales clerk: There are three hats together in the window, Madam. Do you want the one with the feathers? Heather: No. The other one. Salesclerk: The small one for thirteen dollars? Heather: No. Not that one either. That one over there. The leather one. Salesclerk: Ah! The leather one. Now here’s another leather hat. This one is better than the one in the window. It’s a smoother leather. Heather: I’d rather have the one in the window. The colour goes better with my clothes. Salesclerk: Certainly, Madam, if that’s the one you want. But we don’t take anything out of the window until three o’clock on Thursday. / , / It’s Expensive Sam: Let’s go to the seashore on Saturday. Alice: Yes! Let’s go sailing and waterskiing. That’s so exciting. 9 Sam: It’s expensive, too. Let’s just sit in the sun and go swimming instead. Alice: Let’s stay over Saturday night and spend Sunday there, too. We could stay at the Six Star Hotel. Sam: Be sensible, Alice. It’s too expensive. Let’s sleep outside instead. Alice: Yes. Let’s sleep on the sand. That’s most exciting. / / Surprise in the Post Office Ms. Valdes: This package smells funny, Liz. Ms. Jones: Something’s written on it. Ms. Valdes: What does it say? Ms. Jones: It says: This package contains six mice. Ms. Valdes: Ugh! Ms. Jones: Listen! What’s in this sack? Ms. Valdes: It’s making a strange hissing sound. Sack: (hisses) Sssssssssssssssssssssssss! Ms. Jones: Susan! It’s a sack of snakes! Ms. Valdes: Oh, it is! I wonder what’s in this box, Liz. Ms. Jones: It’s making a buzzing noise. Box: (buzzes) Zzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz! Ms. Valdes: These are bees! Ms. Jones: A package of mice! And a sack of snakes! And a box of bees! This is very surprising. Ms. Valdes: It’s amazing. This isn’t a post office, Liz. It’s a zoo! / / A Special Washing Machine Sally Fisher: Do you sell washing machines? Sid Sharp: Yes. We’re having a special sale on this machine here. Sally Fisher: Is that a Danish machine? The name looks Danish. Sid Sharp: No. It’s Swedish. Would you like me to demonstrate it for you? Sally Fisher: Sure. I’d like to see how it washes. Sid Sharp: Ok. Let me give you a demonstration. Here are some sheets and shirts. You put them in the machine. You shut the door. And then you just push this button. Sally Fisher: The machine shouldn’t shake like that, should it? Sid Sharp: Washing machines always shake. Ah! It’s finished. 10 Sally Fisher: But the sheets have shrunk. And look at how short the shirts are! Sid Sharp: Oh, those shirts were short before I washed them. And Cotton sheets always shrink a little. Sally Fisher: Well, I’m not sure. Could you show me another machine? Sid Sharp: Yes, but this is the only machine we have at the special sale price. / / The explosion, he thought, came from behind the shrubs, just near the garage. Had the chauffeur left the machine inside? He dashed across the garden, knocked over the rubbish bins and shone his torch in the direction of the garage. Sure enough — a hole measuring four by four. / , / A Horrible Accident Helen: Hello, Ellen. Ellen: Hello, Helen, have you heard the news? There’s been a horrible accident. Helen: Oh, no! What happened? Ellen: Hilda Harri’s husband, Henry had an accident on his way home from work. Helen: How awful! Was he hurt? Ellen: Yes. He was taken to the hospital in an ambulance. Helen: How did it happen? Ellen: His car was hit by an express train. It happened at the crossing just behind his house. Helen: How horrible! Ellen: He’s having an operation in the hospital now. Poor Hilda! You can imagine how unhappy she is. Helen: I hope he’ll be all right. Ellen: I hope so, too. / , / At the Butcher Shop Butcher: Good morning, Ms. Chan. What can I get you today? Ms. Chan: Good morning, Mr. Church. I’d like some lamb chops for the children’s lunch. Butcher: Shoulder chops, Ms. Chan? Yes. I’ll take four shoulder shops and I’d like a small chicken. 11 Butcher: Would you like to choose a chicken? Ms. Chan: Which one is cheaper? Butcher: This one’s cheapest. Ms. Chan: How much is all that? I don’t have much cash. Can I give you a check? Butcher: Yes, of course, Ms. Chan. / / George Churchill Jerry: Just outside this village there’s a very dangerous bridge. John: Yes. Charlie told me two jeeps crashed there in January. Did you hear how it happened? Jerry: Well, George Churchill was driving the large jeep. He was driving very dangerously. John: George Churchill. Do I know George Churchill? Jerry: Yes, I think you do. He’s the manager of the travel agency in Bridgeport. John: Oh, yes. I remember George. He’s always telling jokes. Well, was anybody injured? Jerry: Oh, yes. The other jeep went over the edge of the bridge, and two children and another passenger were badly injured. John: Were both jeeps damaged? Jerry: Oh, yes. John: And what happened to George? Jerry: George? He’s telling jokes in jail now, I suppose! 12 Exercises for English Pronunciation 2 nasals(鼻音): / , / / / / ？ / lateral(舌边音): / , / glides/semi-vowels/approximants(滑音/半元音): / / / , / frictionless continuant(无摩擦通音): / , / I. Sound discrimination: Listen to the tape and tick out the word you hear from each of the following pairs. 1. thin thing 11. weal veal 2. win wing 12. weep reap 3. ton tongue 13. wing ring 4. smack snack 14. twice trice 5. bank bang 15. away array 6. yoke joke 16. leaf reef 7. yacht jot 17. blight bright 8. yet jet 18. flesh fresh 9. west vest 19. line nine 10. worse verse 20. light night II. Listen to the tape and decide whether A or B should be the matching answer. 1. The speaker was talking about the ______. A. light B. night 2. What did the speaker see? A. No houses. B. Low houses. 3. The speaker was talking about the ______. A. snacks B. slacks 4. Where’s the flower? A. In the grass. B. In the glass. 5. The speaker was talking about the ______. A. laws B. wars 6. The speaker was talking about the ______. A. sloe B. snow 7. The speaker was talking about the ______. A. joke B. yolk 8. The speaker was talking about ______. A. food B. a person 13 9. He is now ______. A. still alive B. dead 10. The fire was ______. A. glowing B. growing III. Listen to the following sentences or phrases and repeat after the tape. Pay special attention to the pronunciation of the English nasals and approximants. 1. Now stop to think about it. 2. How much time do you spend communicating? 3. You would probably be surprised. 4. Responding to sounds from alarms. 5. Turning on radios. 6. Stopping at traffic lights. 7. Getting messages and giving instructions to assistants. 8. Writing memos, ordering coffee, and so on. 9. Within a few hours you have sent thousands of communicative messages. 10. You have sent and received thousands of communicative messages. IV. Speaking Exercise: work in pairs; one says sentence a or b and the other says the matching answer. Student A Student B 1. a. What’s a lamb? A young sheep. b. What’s a ram? A male sheep. 2. a. Show me the load It’s heavy. b. Show me the road It’s not really a road, only a path. 3. a. Where’s the beer? It’s in the fridge. b. Where’s the bill? It’s in my wallet. 4. a. What does ―snacks‖ mean? Food. b. What does ―slacks‖ mean? Trousers. 5. a. How do you spell ―clack‖? C-L-A-C-K. b. How do you spell ―crack‖? C-R-A-C-K. 6. a. What’s the colour of sloe? Green. b. What’s the colour of snow? White. 7. a. What do you know about Yale? It’s a world class university. b. What do you know about jail? It’s a prison. 8. a. Where are the wines? In the cupboard. b. Where are the vines? In the fields. 9. a. What does ―clue‖ mean? A piece of information b. What does ―crew‖ mean? A group of people working together. 10. a. They were excited about the new gain. How much was it? b. They were excited about the new game. Did they invent it? 14 V. Read the following poem. Pay special attention to the pronunciation of / , /, / , /, / /, and / ？ ,, Life (Langston Hughes) Life can be good, Life can be bad, Life is mostly cheerful, But sometimes sad. Life can be dreams, Life can be great thoughts; Life can mean a person, Sitting in court. Life can be dirty, Life can even be painful; But life is what you make it, So try to make it beautiful. *Practice materials in the textbook: nasals: p.29—p.30, p.102 (III. 2.)—p.103 lateral: p.31, p.56 (II.)—p.57, p.60 (III. 1.) —p.61 glides: p.31 (4.) —p.33, p.99 (III. 1.), p.103 (3.) frictionless continuant: p.33 (6.) —p.34, p.56 (II. 1.) —p.57 *More materials for your practice after class: / , / Mom’s Muffins Jim: Mom? Mrs. Smith: Mm? Jim: Can my friend, Tom Mitchum, come home with me for lunch tomorrow? Mrs. Smith: Of course, Jim. Have I met Tom before? 15 Jim: Mm-hmm. You met him last summer. He’s small and very smart. Mrs. Smith: Oh, yes. I remember Tom. His family comes from Mains, right? Jim: Yes. Oh, um, Mom? Will you make some homemade muffins tomorrow? Mrs. Smith: Mm…maybe. If I have time. Jim: I told Tom about your muffins, Mom. That’s why he’s coming for lunch tomorrow. / / At a Rental Agency Tony Martin: Good morning. I’m looking for a one-bedroom apartment downtown. Rental agent: Certainly, sir. How much rent did you want to pay? Tony Martin: Well, I didn’t want to pay more than $520 a month. Rental agent: $520 a month? We don’t often have apartments as inexpensive as that. We have one apartment for $599 a month, on Seventh Avenue. It’s near the station. Tony Martin: Is it furnished? Rental agent: No. It’s unfurnished. It has a kitchen, but no oven. There’s a garden in the back, but the tenants can’t use it. The landlord lives downstairs. Friends are forbidden in the apartment after midnight. No noise and no television after 11:15. No… Tony Martin: No, thank you! I want an apartment, not a prison! / ？ / Noisy Neighbours Mr. Singer: (angrily) Bang! Bang! Bang! What are the Kings doing at seven o’clock on Sunday morning? Mrs. Singer: Well, Mr. King is singing. Mr. Singer: Yes, but what’s the banging noise? Mrs. Singer: (looking out the window) He’s standing on a ladder and banging some nails into the wall with a hammer. Now he’s hanging some strong strings on the nails. Mr. Singer: And what’s Mrs. King doing? Mrs. Singer: She’s bringing something pink for Mr. King to drink. Now she’s putting it… Oh! Mr. Singer: What’s happening? Mrs. Singer: The ladder’s falling. 16 Mr. Singer: What’s Mr. King doing? Mrs. Singer: He’s hanging from the string. He’s holding onto the string with his fingers and shouting to Mrs. King. Mr. Singer: And is she helping him? Mrs. Singer: No. She’s running toward our house. That’s her ringing the bell. Mr. Singer: Well, I’m not going to answer it. I’m sleeping. / , / Early for Lunch Mr. Clark: Hello, Lily. Waitress: Hello, Mr Clark. You’re early for lunch. It’s only eleven o’clock. Mr. Clark: When I come later, there’s usually nothing left. Waitress: What would you like today? Mr. Clark: I’ll have the leg of lambs. Waitress: And would you like salad? The salad plate today is lettuce, tomatoes, and black olives. Mr. Clark: Marvelous! I love olives. Waitress: And what would you like to drink? Mr. Clark: A glass of lemonade, please. And a slice of melon for dessert. Waitress: Would you like the lemonade now? Mr. Clark: Later, thanks, Lily—with the lamb. / / A Music Student Jim: Excuse me. You look familiar. Did you use to live in New York? Jack: Yes. Jim: Did you use to work at NYU? Jack: Yes. I taught music there for a few years. Jim: Oh, did you know Hugh Young? He was a music student. Jack: Hung Young? Didn’t he use to wear a funny yellow jacket all the time? Jim: Yes. And he used to play the piano with a jazz group at the university. Jack: Yes, I remember Hugh. Most people thought he was a little…uh…peculiar. Do you know what he’s doing now? Jim: Yes. He’s a millionaire in Houston now. Jack: A millionaire? As a jazz musician? Jim: Oh, no. He’s an executive for a large computer company. I saw a n interview with him on TV yesterday. They were asking his opinion about 17 future uses for computers. Jack: Well! Guess people don’t find him so peculiar anymore. / , / A Walk in the Woods Vera: Did you see Victor on Wednesday, Wendy? Wendy: Yes. We went for a walk in the woods near the highway. Vera: Wasn’t it cold on Wednesday? Wendy: Yes. It was very cold and windy. We wore heavy wool sweaters and walked quickly to keep warm. Vera: It’s so nice and quiet in the woods. Wendy: Yes. Farther away from the highway it was very quiet and there were birds and squirrels everywhere. We counted over twenty squirrels. Vera: It sounds wonderful. Did you take lunch with you? Wendy: Yes. We bought veal sandwiches. We stopped around twelve, and we ate and watched the squirrels, but it was too windy to sit long. It was a very nice walk, anyway. / , / A Proud Parent Maria: Are the children all grown up now, Rose? Rose: Oh, yes. Laura’s the oldest. She’s a computer programmer. Maria: Oh, very interesting. And what about Rita? She was such a bright child — always reading. Rose: She’s a librarian at the public library. Maria: Really? And Chris? She was a very pretty little girl. Rose: Chris is working as a waitress at a restaurant in Paris. She’s married to a French photographer. Maria: Oh, how interesting. And what about Larry and Rocky? Rose: Larry drives a truck. He drives all over the country. We hardly ever seen him. Maria: Really? Where does he live now? Rose: Colorado. Maria: And does Rocky drive a truck, too? Rose: oh, no. Rocky is a pilot. Maria: Really? Where does he fly to? Does he fly to other countries? Rose: Yes. Mostly to England and France. 18 Exercises for English Pronunciation 3 Consonant Clusters(辅音连缀) I. Read the following words. Pay special attention to different kinds of consonant clusters. 1. / ,,- / small, smack, smell, smoke, smart 2. / , - / snow, snake, sneak, sneer, snack 3. / ,,- / slow, sleep, slay, sly, slack 4. / ,,- / sway, sweet, swan, swim, swear 5. / , - / school, sky, ski, scope, scheme 6. / ,,- / star, stay, store, steep, stow 7. / ,,- / speak, spoon, speed, spy, sport 8. / ,,- / sphere, sphinx 9. / , - / suit, sue, assume, pursue 10. / ,,- / play, please, plot 11. / ,,- / pray, press, print 12. / ,,- / blue, blow, blade 13. / ,,- / bread, broad, bright 14. / ,- / crew, crash, crime 15. / ,- / clash, climb, clue 19 16. / ,- / grow, groom, grass 17. / ,- / glue, glow, glass 18. / ,,- / free, fry, fray 19. / ,,- / fly, flee, flock 20. / ,,- / try, tree, true, truck 21. / ,- / dry, dress, drink, drive, dream 22. / ,- / three, through, thread, throw 23. / ,- / shriek, shred, shrill, shrewd 24. / ,- / dwell, dwarf, dwindle 25. / ,,- / twice, twenty, twist, twinkle 26. / ,- / quit, quite, quiet, quick, quarter 27. / , - /, / , - /, / - /, / , - /, / - /, / , - /, / , - /, / , - /, / - / build, beauty, pure, pupil, duty, during, would you, tune, tuna, won’t you, cure, curious, few, fury, view, music, museum, new, menu 28. / ,,,- / spread, spring, sprout, express 29. / ,,,- / split, splash, splendid, splay, explode 30. / ,,,- / street, strike, stream, strong, straight 31. / , ,- / square, squash, squeeze, squeak 32. / , ,- / screw, screen, scrap, scrub 33. / ,, - / stew, stupid, student, studio 20 34. voiceless consonant + / , / caps, lips, books, smiths, desks, lakes 35. voiced consonant + / / pigs, cabs, leaves, proves, cloths, songs 36. voiceless consonant + / , / stopped, asked, kissed, missed, finished 37. voiced consonant + / / robbed, begged, hugged, loved, harmed 38. / -,, / tests, rests, beasts, boasts, hosts 39. / - / fields, shields, folds, ends, extends /, / -, / (nasal plosion鼻腔爆破) 40. / - written, Britain, certain, frighten, oughtn’t hidden, burden, pardon, wouldn’t, couldn’t witness, sadness, at night, good night 41. / - , /, / -,, / (lateral plosion舌边爆破) middle, muddle, little, skittle hardly, needless, heartless, lately red light, good luck, at last, short life 42. /-,,/, /-,,/, /-,,/, /-,,/, /- ,/, /- ,/, /-,,/, /- ,/, /-,,/, /-,,/, /- ,, /- ,/, /-, ,/, able, apple, ruffle, carnival, eagle, historical, mammal, signal, lateral, muscle, commercial, angel, Rachel 43. plosive + plosive / plosive + affricate (incomplete plosion 不完全爆破) slept, fact, rubbed, blackbird lecture, object big joke, cheap cheese II. Read the following poems and pay special attention to consonant clusters. 1. Twinkle, twinkle, little star, How I wonder what you are! Up above the world so high, Like a diamond in the sky. When the glorious sun is set, 21 When the grass with dew is wet, Then you show your little light, Twinkle, twinkle, all the night! 2. Spring, the sweet Spring, is the year’s pleasant king, Then blooms each thing, then maids dance in a ring, Cold does not sting, the pretty birds do sing, Cuckoo, jug-jug, pu-we, to-witta-woo! The palm and may make country houses gay, Lambs frisk and play, the shepherds pipe all day, And we hear aye birds tune this merry lay, Cockoo, jug-jug, pu-we, to-witta-woo. The fields breathe sweet, the daisies kiss our feet, Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit, Cuckoo, jug-jug, pu-we, to-witta-woo! Spring, the sweet Spring! *Practice materials in the textbook: p.83 – p.87 22 Exercises for English Pronunciation 4 / / / (/ : /) / / / , / Front Vowels(前元音): / Central Vowels(中元音): / / (/ , /) / / / / Back Vowels(后元音): / , / / , / (/ : /) / ？ / / ？ / (/ ？ /) / / Diphthongs(双元音): / , / (/ : /) / !, / (/ !: /) / / (/ : /) / ! / (/ !: /) / ？ / (/ ？: /) / (/: /) : : , / (/ : /) I. Sound discrimination: Listen to the tape and tick out the word you hear from each of the following pairs. (1) front vowels 1. A. heat B. hit 11. A. head B. had 2. A. cheap B. chip 12. A. set B. sat 3. A. Jean B. gin 13. A. Ken B. can 4. A. reach B. rich 14. A. end B. and 5. A. peel B. pill 15. A. pin B. pen 6. A. bean B. bin 16. A. tin B. ten 7. A. steal B. still 17. A. mint B. meant 8. A. said B. sad 18. A. hid B. head 9. A. fed B. fad 19. A. will B. well 10. A. lend B. land 20. A. wrist B. rest (2) central vowels and back vowels 1. A. fool B. full 11. A. heart B. hot 2. A. cooed B. could 12. A. guard B. god 3. A. pool B. pull 13. A. carp B. cop 4. A. Luke B. look 14. A. lark B. lock 5. A. wooed B. would 15. A. barn B. bun 6. A. kooky B. cookie 16. A. dark B. duck 7. A. caught B. cot 17. A. march B. much 8. A. hawk B. hock 18. A. calm B. come 9. A. dawn B. don 19. A. cart B. cut 10. A. taught B. tot 20. A. harm B. hum 23 II. Listen to the tape and decide whether A or B should be the matching answer. (1) front vowels 1. Yes. Isn’t the ________, too! A. feather beautiful B. sound lovely 2. Why? Don’t you ________? A. know him B. like pets 3. Sure. I have several red ________ anyway. A. pins B. pens 4. I’m going to ________. A. write a letter B. fry some eggs 5. The speaker is talking about a ________. A. seater B. sitter 6. The speaker is looking for a ________. A. bad roll B. bed-roll 7. The speaker is talking about the ________ A. band B. bend 8. The speaker is talking about the old man’s ________. A. will B. well 9. The speaker is talking about the ________. A. beads B. bids 10. Oh, forget it. They are __________, aren’t they? A. blue B. dead (2) central and back vowels 1. I’m going to ________. A. cook it B. wash it 2. Well, to tell you the truth, ________. A. Susan is the only one that I know B. I know nothing about his stuff 3. The speaker was talking about the woman losing her ______. A. hut B. heart 4. Neither have I. ________ A. Did you make it yourself? B. When did you build it? 5. Oh, was it because of _______? A. the colour of its scales B. the hat he is wearing 6. The speaker is going to get rid of the _______. A. cot B. cart 7. The speaker is looking for the _______. 24 A. forks B. fox 8. He told the speaker that the man ________. A. was dead B. was not tall 9. The speaker is going to ________. A. have a walk B. cook with a wok 10. Yes, they told me that ________. A. they were able to B. they spoke softly and loving (3) diphthongs 1. The speaker was talking about the ________. A. queues B. cures 2. The speaker was talking about the ________. A. beer market B. bear market 3. Does the speaker believe what he says? A. Yes. B. Not really. 4. The people were in the ________ A. hall B. hole 5. The speaker was talking about the ________. A. readers B. raiders 6. The speaker is going to have a rest in the ________. A. shade B. shed 7. The speaker was asking whether the man is going to ________. A. sell B. sail 8. The speaker was saying that it was a lot ________. A. lighter B. later 9. The speaker is asking about the ________. A. poles B. pearls 10. The speaker was talking about ________. A. a skill B. a scale III. Listen to the following sentences and repeat after the tape. 1. Imagine that you are one of sixteen people in a life boat. 2. It was designed to hold only thirteen people. 3. It is clear to all of you in the boat. 4. The boat will sink unless at least three people get out. 5. The people who go overboard will die from drowning or the cold. 6. How would you determine who stays in the boat and who must go? 7. Who should be given a chance to live? 25 8. Who must take their chances in the sea? 9. What criteria should be used to make these decisions? 10. Should women, children, and married men always be saved first? 11. Each person should be regarded as equal to every other person. 12. In that case, the only fair method of decision would be some sort of a lottery. IV. Speaking exercise: work in pairs; one says sentence a or b and the other says the matching answer. (1) Student A Student B 1. a. Are they going to leave together? Yes, they’re leaving by bus. b. Are they going to live together? Yes, they’ve bought a new house. 2. a. Did you see the chick? It’s out in the garden. b. Did you see the check? It’s in my pocket. 3. a. What is ―a ban‖? An order. b. What is ―a ben‖? A hill 4. a. What does ―land‖ mean? Earth. b. What does ―lend‖ mean? To give out for some time. 5. a. Can you feel the bottle on the table? No, it’s too far away. b. Can you fill the bottle on the table? No, the water is too hot. 6. a. How do you spell ―guess‖? G-U-E-S-S. b. How do you spell ―gas‖? G-A-S 7. a. What’s wrong with her cheeks? They’re red. b. What’s wrong with her chicks? They’re dead. 8. a. What are you going to do with I’m going to eat them. the beans? b. What are you going to do with I’m going to clean them. the bins? 9. a. Are you going to draw a sheep? Yes, a black sheep. b. Are you going to draw a ship? Yes, a passenger ship. 10. a. What is the colour of the bill? It’s yellow. b. What is the colour of the bell? It’s silver. (2) Student A Student B 1. a. Did she calm down for tea? No, she was too excited. 26 b. Did she come down for tea? No, she was too busy. 2. a. The girls are always larky. Yes, because they are happy. b. The girls are always lucky. Yes, aren’t they lucky! 3. a. He’s got a very bad cart. What’s it like? b. He’s got a very bad cut. Was it serious? 4. a. The guard is going to take half. Why so much? b. The guard is going to take huff. Why is he so angry? 5. a. What shall we do to save the dying Put it into the pool. carp? b. What shall we do to save the dying Let’s call the police. cop? 6. a. Gloria is worried about her calf. Is it dying? b. Gloria is worried about her cough. Has she seen the doctor? 7. a. Do you like cards? I never play cards. b. Do you lid cod? They’re delicious. 8. a. Where’s the new port? It’s two kilometers away. b. Where’s the new pot? It’s on the table. 9. a. How do you spell ―pork‖? P-O-R-K. b. How do you spell ―pock‖? P-O-C-K. 10. a. How do you spell ―wooed‖? W-O-O-E-D. b. How do you spell ―wood‖? W-O-O-D. (3) Student A Student B 1. a. What do you think of the new tool? It is an invention. b. What do you think of the new tour? It was an exciting tour. 2. a. He found her, didn’t he? No, he’s still looking for her. b. He phoned her, didn’t he? No, but he’s going to. 3. a. How do you spell ―pool‖? P-O-O-L. b. How do you spell ―poor‖? P-O-O-R. 4. a. How do you spell ―coach‖? C-O-A-C-H. b. How do you spell ―couch‖? C-O-U-C-H. 5. a. What are you going to do with your Throw it away. pen? b. What are you going to do with I’ll take some pills. your pain? 27 6. a. How did you like the tests? Very easy. b. How did you like the tastes? Delicious. 7. a. Did you see the bell? You mean the silver one? b. Did you see the bail? Yes, it’s a lot of money. 8. a. Two more pints, please. You have ten pints now. b. Two more points, please. You have ten points now. 9. a. That person is dangerous. Take him to the police. b. That poison is dangerous. Put it in a safe place. 10. a. How do you like the boy’s ties? I like the red ties. b. How do you like the boy’s toys? I like the robots. * Practice materials in the textbook: p. 23, p. 42 (III.)—p.43 front vowels: p. 21— central vowels: p. 24—p.25, p. 51 (II.), p. 102 (III. 1.) back vowels: p. 23—p.24, p. 47 (II.), p. 51 (II) diphthongs: p. 37—p.39, p. 52 (2), p. 106 (III.)—p.107 *More materials for your practice after class: / : / In a Restaurant Peter: What are you having to eat, Lee? Lee: I’ll have a roast beef sandwich. And some tea. Peter: Steve? Would you like a cheese sandwich or a roast beef sandwich? Steve: A cheese sandwich. I don’t eat meat. Waitress: Yes? Peter: We’d like one roast beef sandwich and two cheese sandwiches. Waitress: And would you like coffee or tea? Peter: Three teas, please. Steve: Make that two teas. Coffee for me, please. Waitress: One roast beef sandwich...two cheese sandwiches... two teas... one coffee. / / (/ : /) Mrs. Kim: Hello, Bill. Hello, Lynn. 28 Bill: Hi, Mrs. Kim. Is Jim in? Lynn: Is he coming with us to the film? Mrs. Kim: Oh, Jim’s sick. Bill: Here he is! Hi, Jim. Lynn: Are you sick, Jim? Jim: Is it an interesting film? Lynn: It’s ―Billy the Kid‖ Bill: And it begins in six minutes. Mrs. Kim: Jim, if you’re sick... Jim: Quick! Or we’ll miss the beginning of the film! / / An Expensive Vacation Ed: Hi, Ellen! Hi, Fred! Hi, Jenny? Fred: Hi, Ed. Cigarette? Ed: No, thanks, Fred. Ellen: Help yourself to a drink. Jenny: Look on the shelf to your left. Fred: How did you spend your vacation, Ed? Ed: I went to Venice with a friend. Everybody: Well? Ellen: We’re all jealous. Fred: Was it expensive? Ed: Yes. Very. I spent everything I had. Jenny: Don’t you have any money left? Ed: Yes, Jenny. Ten cents! / , / The Bank Robber Detective: Excuse me, ma’am, have you ever seen the man in this photograph? Alice: Yes! That’s him! That’s the man who robbed the bank! But he had a moustache. Detective: A moustache! This man? Last Saturday? Alice: Yes. He was wearing pants and a black jacket, And he had on very dark glasses. Detective: Can you tell me exactly what happened? Alice: Well, I was working at the bank Saturday afternoon. Suddenly, this man 29 ran past me, grabbed a handful of cash, and stuffed it in a plastic bag. Detective: And what happened after that? Alice: He ran back out again. It all happened so fast. The manager ran after him, but he couldn’t catch him. The man was running too fast. Detective: And you’re absolutely sure the man in the photograph is the same man? Alice: Yes. Absolutely. That’s him. Detective: Thank you for your help. Alice: I hope you catch him. / / Love Russ: Honey, why are you so unhappy? Janet: (Janet says nothing.) Russ: Honey, why are you so sad? I don’t understand. Janet: You don’t love me, Russ! Russ: But honey, I love you very much. Janet: No, you don’t. You’re in love with my cousin, Sunny. You think she’s smart and fun to be with and you think I’m dumb and uninteresting. Russ: Janet, just once last month I went out to lunch with Sunny. There’s nothing for you to be jealous about. I like your company much better than Sunny’s. Janet: Oh, shut up, Russ. Russ: But honey, I think you’re wonderful. There is nothing... Janet: Oh, SHUT UP! / / (/ , /) The Worst Nurse Sir Herbert: Nurse! Colonel Burton: Nurse! I’m thirsty! Sir Herbert: Nurse! My head hurts! Colonel Burton: Nurse! Sir Herbert: Curse these nurses! Colonel Burton: Nurse Sherman always wears such dirty shirts. Sir Herbert: And such short shirts. Colonel Burton: She never arrives at work early. Sir Herbert: She and... er... Nurse Turner weren’t at work on Thursday, were 30 they? Colonel Burton: No, they weren’t. Sir Herbert: Nurse Sherman is the worst nurse in the ward, isn’t she? Colonel Burton: No, she isn’t. She’s the worst nurse in the world. / / A: I’m going to the doctor. B: Can you get something for me at the supermarket? A: But the supermarket is a long way from the doctor. B: No. Not that supermarket. Not the one that’s next to the movie theater. I mean the one that’s near the butcher. A: Oh, that one. Well, what do you want me to get? B: Some bread and a can of fish and an onion. / , / In a Good School Miss Luke: Good afternoon, girls. Girls: Good afternoon, Miss Luck. Miss Luke: This afternoon we’re going to learn how to cook soup. Open your books at unit 22. Prue: Excuse, Miss Luke. Miss Luke: Yes, Prue? Prue: There’s some chewing gum on your shoes. Miss Luke: Who threw their chewing gum on the floor? Was it you, Prue? Prude: No, Miss Luke. It was June. Miss Luke: Who? Prude: June Cook. June: It wasn’t me, stupid. It was Sue. Sue: It was you! June: It wasn’t me, you stupid fool! My mouth’s full of chewing gum. Look, Miss Luke! Stop pulling my hair, June. It was you! June: YOU! Sue: YOU! Miss Luke: Excuse me! You’re being very rude. You two nuisances can stay in school this afternoon instead of going to the swimming pool. / , / (/ : /) 31 The Lost Book Mr. Cook: Paula Cook! Could you tell me where you put my book? Mrs. Cook: Which book? Your football book? Mr. Cook: No. A Walk in the Woods. Mrs. Cook: Isn’t it on the bookshelf? Mr. Cook: No. The bookshelf is full of cookbooks. Mrs. Cook: Then shouldn’t you look in the bedroom? Mr. Cook: I’ve looked there. I’m sure you took that book and put it somewhere. Mrs. Cook: I didn’t put it anywhere. Look in the living room. Mr. Cook: I’ve looked. Mrs. Cook: All over? Under the sofa cushions? Mr. Cook: Couldn’t you at least help me look for it? Mrs. Cook: Look. It’s on the floor near your foot. Mr. Cook: Ah! Good! / ？ / A Football Game Sports Report on Channel 4 Announcer: This morning the Horses returned from their game in Boston. Paul Short, our sports reporter, was at the airport to meet them. Paul Short: Good morning. I’m Paul Short. All the football players are walking toward me. Here’s George Small, the halfback. Good morning, George. George Small: Good morning. Are you a reporter? Paul Short: Yes. I’m from Channel 4. Please tell our audience what you thought about the game in Boston. George Small: Well, it was just awful. We lost. The score was 4 to 44. But it wasn’t my fault. Paul Short: Whose fault was it? George Small: The forwards. Paul Short: The forwards? George Small: Yes. The forwards. They were always falling down or dropping the ball! / ？ / (/ ？ /) TV Commercial for “Starwash” Voice A: What’s the matter, Mr. Block? Mr. Block: What’s the matter? I went a break from this horrible job of washing 32 socks! Voice B: Buy a bottle of Starwash, Mr. Block. Voice C: Starwash does the job. Voice D: But it’s not a hard job with Starwash. Voice A: You don’t need lots of hot water with Starwash. Voice B: Start washing the modern way----with Starwash. Voice C: Starwash is marvellous for all your washable clothes. Everybody: Starwash is so popular! Voice C: Next time you shop, pick up a bottle of Starwash. / / At a Party Margaret: Where’s your glass, Barbara? Barbara: It’s on the bar. Martin: Barbara! Margaret! Come into the garden! Martha and Charles are dancing on the grass! Margaret: In the garden? What a laugh! Barbara: So they are! Margaret: They are dancing under the stars! Martin: And Arnold’s playing his guitar. Barbara: Doesn’t Martha look smart? Margaret: Look at Charles! What a marvellous dancer! Barbara: Ah! Let’s take a photograph of Martha and Charles. Martin: We can’t. It’s too dark. / , / ( : /) Snow in October Joan: Joe! Joe! Joe! Hello! Joe: Oh, no. What’s the matter, Joan? Joan: Look out of the window. Joe: No. My eyes are closed and I’m going back to sleep. Joan: Don’t go to sleep, Joe. Come look at the snow. Joe: Snow? But it’s only October. I know there’s no snow. Joan: Come over to the window. Joe: Stop joking, Joan. There’s no snow. Joan: OK. I’m going to put on my coat and go out and made a snow ball and throw it at you. Then you’ll open your eyes, Joe! 33 / !, / (/ !: /) A Mouse in the House Mrs. Brown: I’ve found a mouse! Mr. Brown: Ow! Don’t shout so loud. Calm down. Please stop shouting and sit down. Mrs. Brown: I found a mouse in the house. Mr. Brown: A brown mouse? Mrs. Brown: Yes. A little brown mouse. It was running around in the living room. Mr. Brown: Where is it now? Mrs. Brown: It’s under the couch now. Mr. Brown: Well, get it out. Mrs. Brown: How? Mr. Brown: Move the couch around. Turn it upside down. You can get it out somehow. We don’t want a mouse in our house. We have the cleanest house in town. / / (/ : /) At the Train Station Mr. Gray: Hey! This train’s late! I’ve been waiting here for ages. Conductor: Which train are you waiting for? Mr. Gray: The 8:18 to Plainview. Conductor: The 8:18? I’m afraid you’ve made a mistake, sir. Mr. Gray: A mistake? But I take this train every day. And that’s what my schedule says: Plainview 8:08. Mr. Gray: At 8:08? Conductor: That’s right. They changed the schedule at the end of April. Today’s the eighth of May. Mr. Gray: Changed it? I guess they changed it while I was away on vacation. Can I see the new schedule? Where does it say that? Conductor: Right here. Train to Plainview 8:08. Mr. Gray: Hm! So the train isn’t late. I’m late. / ! / (/ !: /) Mike, Myra and Violet Myra: Hi, Mike! 34 Mike: Hello, Myra. Hello Violet! You look really nice, Violet. Mike: I’m going out to buy ice cream. Would you like some, Violet? Violet: No, thanks, Mike. I’m busy typing. Come back some other time. I have ninety-nine pages to type by Friday. Mike: Oh, never mind your typing. Do you like ice skating, Violet? Violet: Sometimes. Mike: Would you like to go ice skating with me tonight? Violet: Not tonight, Mike. I’m going for a drive with Simon. Mike: How about Friday? Violet: I’m going cycling with Brian. Mike: Hm! Oh, all right. Bye! Myra: Violet, he put something behind your typewriter. Violet: Something nice? Myra: No. A spider. / ？ / (/ ？: /) Noise Roy: Boys! Stop making so much noise! Boys: What? Roy: Keep your voices down! You’re making too much noise! Joyce: Why are you so annoyed? They’re enjoying themselves. They’re little boys—of course. They’ll make noise. Roy: Well, it’s very annoying. Boys! Roy: They don’t listen. They’re spoiled. They destroy all the toys I buy them. And they’re the noisiest boys I’ve ever heard. I’m sure I wasn’t that noisy when I was a little boy. Joyce: Well, maybe you shouldn’t buy them such noisy toys. Roy: It’s not the toys that are noisy—it’s the boys. / / (/ : /) A Bearded Mountaineer Mr. Lear: Let’s have a beer here, dear. Mrs. Lear: What a good idea! They have very good beer here. We came here last year. Mr. Lear: The atmosphere here is very clear. Mrs. Lear: And it’s windier than last year. Mr. Lear: Two beers, please. 35 Mrs. Lear: Look, dear! Look at that mountaineer drinking beer. Mr. Lear: His beard is in his beer. Mrs. Lear: His beard has nearly disappeared into his beer. Mr. Lear: Oh, dear! He might hear. Waiter: Here you are, sir. Two beers. Mr. Lear: Cheers, dear! Mrs. Lear: Cheers! Here’s to the bearded mountaineer! / , / ( / /) A Pair of Hairbrushes Mary: I’ve lost two small hair brushes, Claire. They’re a pair. Claire: Have you looked carefully everywhere? Mary: Yes. They’re nowhere here. Claire: Have you looked upstairs? Mary: Yes. I’ve looked everywhere upstairs and downstairs. They aren’t anywhere. Claire: Well, you’re wearing one of them in your hair! Mary: Oh! Then where’s the other one? Claire: It’s over there under the chair. 36 Exercises for English Pronunciation 5 Word Stress (单词重音) I. Listen to the following pairs of words and mark the stressed syllable in each word. 1. reason resent 11. some handsome 2. fish selfish 12. deerpark depart 3. less careless 13. parent parental 4. land island 14. purify pursue 5. refer reference 15. face surface 6. tune fortune 16. digest (n.) digest (v.) 7. full careful 17. social society 8. author authority 18. ford Oxford 9. object (n.) object (v.) 19. man boatman 10. park particular 20. dry sundry II. Listen to the following compound nouns and mark the syllable which has the primary stress in the word. 1. bathroom 11. bookcase 2. daylight 12. toothpaste 3. baseball 13. bus stop 4. classroom 14. newspaper 5. popcorn 15. sun glasses 6. drugstore 16. grandfather 7. notebook 17. teenager 8. airport 18. tennis court 9. flashlight 19. traffic light 10. chalkboard 20. basketball III. Listen to the tape and decide whether A or B should be the one you hear. 1. Be careful with that __________. A. yellow jacket (a jacket that is yellow.) 37 B. yellow jacket (a yellow and black insect that stings) 2. Look at the _________. A. red coat (a coat that is red) ththB. red coat (a British soldier in the 18 and 19 centuries) 3. I’ve always wanted a __________. A. green house (a house painted green) B. greenhouse (a glass house for growing plants) 4. My father is a successful __________. A. head doctor (the chief of staff) B. head doctor (psychiatrist) 5. She is always using _________. A. cold cream (well-chilled cream) B. cold cream (face cream) 6. They were interested in the __________. A. soft ware (an article that is not hard) B. soft ware (the set of programmes for computer) 7. They were talking about the __________. A. blue print (a pattern which is blue) B. blueprint (a plan for achieving something) 8. They saw some __________ on the tree. A. black birds (birds that are black) B. blackbirds (a special type of bird, the males of which are black) 9. Look at the __________. A. black board (a board which is black) B. blackboard (a board used in a classroom for writing on with chalk) 10. What do you think of the __________? A. white hall (a hall that is white) B. Whitehall (the British government) 11. He lives in the __________. A. white house (a house that is white) B. Whitehouse (official residence of the American president) 12. He is used to working in the __________. A. dark room (a room with little or no light) B. darkroom (a special room for developing film) IV. Read the following pairs of sentences, paying special attention to the stress in compound nouns. 38 1. They were talking about the head hunter. (leader of the hunters) They were talking about the headhunter. (someone trying to attract capable people to other jobs) 2. Don’t touch that yellow jacket. (a type of insect) Don’t touch that yellow jacket. (the colour of the jacket is yellow) 3. No one saw the redcoat. (soldier) No one saw the red coat. (the colour of the coat is red) 4. They are building a greenhouse. (a glass house for plants) They are building a green house. (the colour of the house is green) 5. The man we saw was the head doctor. (psychiatrist) The man we saw was the head doctor. (chief of staff) 6. She is preparing cold cream. (face cream) She is preparing cold cream. (well-chilled cream) 7. They were very much interested in the blueprint. (plan for something) They were very much interested in the blue print. (blue pattern) V. Work in pairs. Student A reads a statement from the following list. Student B responds. Pay special attention to the word stress. Example: Student A: I do magic. Student B: You’re a magician. 1. I play music. (mu sician) 2. I study grammar. (gram marian) 3. I study history. (his torian) 4. I do technical work. (tech nician) 5. I work in a library. (li brarian) 6. I work in politics. (poli tician) 7. I make people beautiful (beau tician) 8. I fix e lectrical appliances. (elec trician) 9. I take photographs. (pho tographer) 10. I only eat vegetables. (vege tarian) * Practice materials in the textbook: p. 45—p. 47; p. 124 (IV.) 39 Exercises for English Pronunciation 6 Sound Linking (音的连读) I. Listening exercise: Listen for the linking. Mark the possible linking between the final sound of a word and the initial sound of the next word in the following sentences. 1. Both of us went out. 2. The fish is excellent. 3. Tell us all about it. 4. Is Alice at home? 5. She is going to major in English. 6. Are you going to buy some more eggs? 7. Was Susanna in last night? 8. Give me an example of Formula A 9. Give Vicky a job. 10. Are they going to take it with them? 11. Can you repeat what you said? 12. Could it be possible? 13. My ears hurt. 14. Can you say it again? 15. May I ask you a question? 16. He’s not going to do anything. 17. Who else saw it and what did they say about it? 40 18. We always go early in the morning. 19. I wanted to connect you, but you were out. 20. Would you do me a favour? II. Speaking exercises: A. Read the following phrases and sentences. Pay special attention to the linking of the words within the word group. 1. Take only a little at a time. 2. He is the only actor I know. 3. He lives a highly organized life. 4. She goes to art classes every other day. 5. Can I look at it? 6. Would you like to try it out? 7. I’ll go out for a few weeks. 8. We’ll enjoy an evening together. 9. You don’t want to end up like this. 10. Come on in. B. Read the following conversation which contains linking. — Anne’s just phoned. She and her brother are both on their way. Is dinner nearly ready? Can I help you with anything, Mum? — Yes. Can you get two eggs from the fridge? — Which eggs? The larger ones or the smaller ones? — The large ones, of course. — So, I’ll get you two large eggs. Anything else? — Yes. Squeeze another three oranges, and put the fresh orange juice in a jug, please. — Right. What next? — Lay the table for me. Each person needs a knife and fork, and a cup and saucer. — OK. *Practice materials in the textbook: p.54.—p.56; p.124 (V.) (sound linking) p.63—p.66 (pauses and word groups 停顿与意群) 41 Exercises for English Pronunciation 7 Weak Forms and Strong Forms (弱式与强式读音) I. Listen to the following words. First you will hear the function word in its strong form and weak form. They you will hear a sentence with the weak form of the word. words strong forms weak forms examples 1. a / :/ / We’ve got a dog. 2. an /, / Take an apple. 3. her /, , What’s her name? 4. his /,: : John had his haircut. 5. our /!, We can do it on our own. 6. some /, , , , ,, Get me some water. 7. the /, ,: They saw the young and the old. 8. your / ？ Take your time. 9. he /, ,: : What did he do? 10. me /, ,: Let me have a look. 11. she / : Did she come? 12. them /, , , , ,, Let them go. 13. us , , He told us a story. 14. we , ,: Here we are. 15. you , , Did you see my pen? 16. him /,:, :, Give him a pen. 17. am /,, , , I’m proud of it. 18. are / What are you doing? 19. be /, ,: Don’t be late. 20. can / , What can I do? 21. do , What do you do on Sundays? 22. does / When does the train leave? 42 23. had /,, , How many had he had? 24. has /,, , , What has happened? 25. have /,,, , , , , The kids have gone. 26. is /: , He is coming. 27. must , ,, , ,, , , We must go now. 28. shall ,, , , What shall we do? 29. was ,？ , , He was out. 30. were , , We were all late. 31. will /,:, , , , That will do. 32. at ,, , Look at him. 33. for /,？ , Is it for me? 34. from ,,？, ,, , ,,, They come from the States. 35. of ？, , , , It’s very kind of you. 36. to /,, , You don’t have to worry. 37. and /, We had fish and chips. 38. as /, Just as you like. 39. but /, , , , It’s good but expensive. 40. so /, : , It’s not so cold here. 41. than /,, , It’s bigger than this. 42. that ,,, , , He said that he was coming. II. Listen to each of the following sentences twice. First mark the pronunciation of the function words in the sentence. Then tell the differences in meaning between the underlined parts of the sentences. 1. Get me some bread and butter. / Get me some bread and butter. 2. She gave it to us. / She gave it to us. 3. Lucy and Lilly are sisters. / Lucy and Lilly are sisters. 4. Take an apple. / Take an apple. 5. I’ve got a cat. / I’ve got a cat. 6. The performance was good. / The performance was good. 7. John can do it. / John can do it. 8. I had a knife. / I had a knife. 9. I’m afraid we must go. / I’m afraid we must go. 10. Come with me, Jill. / Come with me, Jill. 43 III. Read the following phrases and sentences. Pay special attention to the weak forms of the function words. A. Determiners: a, an, the, her, his, our, some, your 1. a break Take a break. 2. an answer Give an answer. 3. the car Take the car. 4. the others Meet the others. 5. her coat Take her coat. 6. his watch Use his watch. 7. our school Near our school. 8. some tea Have some tea. 9. your time Take your time. 10. some sugar Find some sugar. B. Pronouns: he, me, she, them, us, we, you, him 1. Did he say that? 2. Make sure that he is on time. 3. Give me a new book. 4. What is she doing? 5. Ask them to go. 6. He gave us a talk the other day. 7. Are you sure we can go now? 8. Give him what he wants. C. Connectives: and, as, but, so, than, that 1. He said that over and over again. 2. It looks as white as snow. 3. She is tired but happy. 4. It is easier than I thought it would be. 5. It is not so much as that. 6. I think that we’ll have enough. D. Auxiliary verbs (1): am, are, be, do does, is, was, were 1. Where am I going? 2. When are they leaving? 3. They’ll be able to do it. 4. How do you go to school. 5. What time does it start? 6. It is coming back soon. 7. It was raining the whole morning. 44 8. They were afraid of him. E. Auxiliary verbs (2): can, had, has, have, must, shall, will, would 1. All the kids can read now. 2. How many cards had he written before you called last night? 3. What has he done? 4. They have all gone. 5. We must work harder. 6. What shall we do if it rains? 7. That will do, I hope. 8. That would be a great help. F. Prepositions: at, for, from, of, to 1. They finished it at last. 2. He got it for nothing. 3. I had a call from Bill the other day. 4. It is very kind of you. 5. Give it to me if you like. *The Use of Strong Forms: IV. Read the following sentences. Pay attention to the underlined words. Decide whether the weak form or the strong form should be used. 1. His friend betrayed him. 2. Our country plays an important role in the world. 3. What do you do at John’s house every Saturday? 4. I go to art classes every week. 5. The old man has three grandchildren. 6. George is waiting for her. 7. Have you seen that film? I have seen it for three times. 8. Some of my dresses are now out of date. 9. Whom are you waiting for? 10. I met him not her! *Practice materials in the textbook: p.111—p.114; p.115—p.119 45 Exercises for English Pronunciation 8 Sentence Stress (句子重音) I. Listen to the following conversations and repeat after the tape, paying special attention to the sentence stress. Mark the stress of the information words/content words. A. — Would you like tea or coffee? — I’ll have coffee, please. — Milk and sugar? — No milk. I have it black, with one sugar. Thanks. B. — Would you like some more salad. — Yes, please. I’d love some. — Is there anything else I can get you? — No, thanks. It was delicious, but I’ve already eaten too much C. — Would you care for anything to drink? — I’ll have tea, please. — Do you want hot tea or iced tea? — Iced lemon tea, then. D. — Shall I bring you coffee now? — Not right now, thank you. — Do you care for anything else? — Yes. Could you bring me a piece of apple pie? II. Listen to the following talk. Then listen to the following words and word groups from the talk. Mark the stress patterns of these words and word groups. Work generally refers to regular paid employment. While we still speak of 46 ―working‖ in the garden, an active woman, running a home and bringing up children, is distinguished from a woman who ―works‖, that is, takes paid employment. But to add to the confusion, the following conversation is also quite common: ―Do you work?‖ ―No, my husband works. I’m just a housewife. I do the housework.‖ Domestic work is often very time-consuming and makes a vital contribution to the working of the economy, but is rarely acknowledged as such. Example: the working of the economy ?——????——?? 1. regular paid employment ________________________ 2. ―working‖ in the garden ________________________ 3. an active woman ________________________ 4. running a home ________________________ 5. bringing up children ________________________ 6. a woman who ―works‖ ________________________ 7. takes paid employment ________________________ 8. add to the confusion ________________________ 9. the following conversation ________________________ 10. quite common ________________________ 11. my husband works ________________________ 12. a housewife ________________________ 13. do the housework ________________________ 14. domestic work ________________________ 15. very time-consuming ________________________ 16. a vital contribution ________________________ III. Read the following conversations, paying special attention to the sentence stress. A. — Hi, Bob. Are you going to the library? — I have to go to the bookstore. I need to get some books. — When are you going? B. — I’m going to the library. Would you like to come too, Pat? — I’m sorry, but I have to work in the lab. I have to finish my report. — Oh, I see. Are you going now? — I’ll be ready in a few minutes. C. — Are you taking a vacation this summer, Linda? thth— Sure. I’ll be away from August 5 to August 18. 47 — Where are you going? — Paris. D. — Are you planning a big party, Gloria? — Yes, John’s going-away party. — That’s nice. Can I come too? — Of course. We’ll have it at my place tomorrow night. *Exercises in the textbook: p. 49—p.51; p.127—p.131 Exercises for English Pronunciation 9 Stress and Rhythm (重音与节奏) I. Listen to the following pairs of sentences and repeat after the tape. 1. Keep dogs, cats and snakes. Keep the dogs, and the cats and the snakes. 2. Keep pigs, cows, and sheep. Keep the pigs, and the cows and the sheep. 3. Grow beans, dates and rice. Grow some beans, and some dates and some rice. 4. Buy maps, pens and books. Buy me some maps, and some pens and some books. 5. Buy desks, chairs, and boards. Buy some more desks, and some chairs and some boards. 6. Buy meat, fish, and fruit. Buy me some meat, and some fish and some fruit. 7. Buy wine, beer, and juice. Buy me some wine, and some beer and some juice. 8. Buy pears, grapes, and sweets. Buy me some pears, some grapes, and some sweets. 9. Get water, tea, and coffee. Get me some water, and some tea and some coffee. 10. Get bread, cream, and jam. Get me some bread, and some cream and some jam. II. Listen to the following sentences and repeat after the tape. Mark out the stressed words and linking. 48 A. Sentences with two stressed syllables. 1. Just ask. Ask him for a dog. 2. Please wait. Wait for an hour. 3. Take mine. Take it with mine. 4. Go now. Go with him now. 5. Play games They’re playing games. 6. Call Tony. He was calling for Tony. 7. Tom left. He would leave at eight. 8. Walk fast. He was walking in the dark. 9. Think hard. We were thinking for an excuse. 10. Turn left. He was turning to the left. B. Sentence with three stressed syllables. 1. Tome goes home. Thomson was going home. 2. John likes pears. Johnson would like some pears. 3. Workers build airports. The workers are going to build an airport. 4. Pat speaks fast. Pat was speaking at speed. 5. Sam works hard. Samson was working like a dog. 6. May came late. Mary was coming at eleven. 7. Waiters look smart. The waiters at the party were smart. 8. Snakes don’t bark. The snakes are not going to bark. 9. Jack dances well. Jackson was dancing on the stage. 10. Kids love zoos. The kids are playing the zoo. C. Sentences with four stressed syllables 1. He wrote plays last year. He was trying to finish it yesterday morning. 2. Tom saw Jane dance. Thomson was looking at Jane when she was dancing. 3. Tell May to come early. I was telling Mrs. Mason to come to our class. 4. Don’t ask Abe anything. He wasn’t asking Abraham anything. 5. Sam likes plain soap. Mr. Samson likes expensive soap. 6. Carl never fed dogs. Caroline would like to feed some of the dogs. 7. Pat cried all night. Patricia was crying from the evening till dawn. 49 8. Sue tried very hard. Susan was trying desperately to win. 9. Dave won all the titles. David was winning most of the titles. 10. Steve moved the books out. Steve was moving his books to the school. III. Listen to the following groups of sentences and repeat after the tape. A. Put it down. Ask him to put it down. Could you ask him to put it down? I wonder if you could ask him to put it down? Would it be possible for you to ask him to put it down? B. Clean it again. Ask her to clean it again. Could you ask her to clean it again? I wonder if you could ask her to clean it again? Would it be possible for you to ask her to clean it again? C. Come on Monday. Ask them to come on Monday. Could you ask them to come on Monday? I wonder if you could ask them to come on Monday? Would it be possible for you to ask them to come on Monday? IV. Listen to the following sentences and repeat after the tape. Pay special attention to the sentence stress and rhythm of the sentences. 1. Our gardens are now most colourful and most productive. 2. We go off on holiday. 3. We leave them to their own devices. 4. We need to plan ahead in order to avoid a loss of crops and plants. 5. It is advisable to plan ahead. 6. What I suggest you do is this. 7. You can invite a friend or neighbour to help himself to your produce. 8. You’ll be doing both yourself and him a favour. 9. In exchange for the goodies, you can ask him to water the plants. 10. But make sure first that he know how to do it. 50 11. Now you can go off on holiday. 12. The plants should be alive and well when you return. V. Speaking exercises: Read the following pairs of sentences. Pay special attention to rhythm and the length of the sentences. 1. Sam likes good food. Mr. Samson likes expensive food. 2. Don’t feed bears. We’ll never feed the bears. 3. I like Jane too. I’m going to like Victoria too. 4. Build airport runways. The workers are repairing the runways. 5. Don’t say that. What will you say about that? 6. He called Victor. He was calling Victor. 7. Dogs bark. The dogs are going to bark. 8. Who said that? Who’s going to talk to us about that? 9. John comes to play. John is coming with us to a play. 10. Build green houses. We were building a house that was green. VI. Read the following groups of sentences. Pay special attention to rhythm and sound linking. A. Sentences with two stressed syllables. 1. Please eat. 9. Finish it if you can. 2. What is that? 10. They did it well. 3. Write it down. 11. He told us a lie. 4. Take it back. 12. They walked in the dark. 5. Do it now. 13. Hang it on the wall. 6. Give him some more. 14. Clean it with a brush. 7. Turn on the light. 15. They waited for an hour. 8. Leave it alone. 16. He’ll finish it today. 51 17. They heard of it before. 19. They went on a Saturday. 18. I think he ought to. 20. I took it to a watch repairer. B. Sentences with three stressed syllables. 1. Don’t go now. 2. Sam works hard. 3. I can’t believe it’s true. 4. It’s all the same to me. 5. I’d like a piece of bread. 6. I’m sorry I’m late again. 7. I’d like to take a new one. 8. She wants a pound of sugar. 9. It’s only for girls and boys. 10. He studies every evening. 11. I think that he wants us to go. 12. The office is open at eight. 13. She’s gone for a walk in the park. 14. I wonder if he’ll tell them in advance. 15. There isn’t enough for two. 16. The others must have been waiting for a while. 17. There was snow and ice in the open. 18. We’ve been waiting for an hour and a half. 19. We’ll go into the neighbouring building. 20. It’s time we were having our lunch. C. Sentences with four stressed syllables. 1. He used to play it every day. 2. He left his work without a word. 3. I’ve told him not to come again. 4. She ought to know the way by now. 5. I saw him standing all alone. 6. A glass of wine will do him good. 7. I’d like to enjoy a glass of wine. 8. Would you like to come and have a look tonight? 9. They wanted to watch it again and again. 10. Perhaps you can call her at eight tonight. 11. I shouldn’t be surprised if they forgot to come. 12. The others must wait in the classroom for a while. 13. I thought it was wonderful to be able to come. 52 14. The office is open every other day. 15. You said that he would like us to come for the party. 16. You said that you wanted us to take it away. 17. But turn to the right at the end of the street. 18. It’s not what I was thinking of you about. 19. I should have thought that he could get here in time. 20. You know that they ought to discuss it today. *Exercises in the textbook: p.121—p.123 53 Exercises for English Pronunciation 10 Intonation (语调) Intonation of Imperatives Read the following sentences in appropriate tunes. 1. Leave the window open. 2. Louder, please. 3. Will you be quiet! 4. Don’t do that again. 5. Pass me the dictionary, please. 6. Will you shut the door, please. 7. Stop the noise. 8. — Can I come home by myself, Mummy? — Well, be careful when you cross the main road. 9. Your aunt is very busy today. So don’t stay too long. 10. Don’t knock it down. 11. Don’t say that. Intonation of Reporting Phrases Read the following sentences in appropriate tunes. 1. The old man said, ―I’ll tell you a queer story.‖ 2. ―Will you come and see us tomorrow?‖ they asked. 3. ―Certainly,‖ said the old man, I’ll do it for you.‖ 4. ―That is the most beautiful thing that I’ve ever seen.‖ said the visitor. Intonation of Enumerations Read the following sentences in appropriate tunes. 1. You can swim and bathe and go boating. 2. He knows French, and German, and Russian, and Japanese,... 3. — What did you buy? — I got the meat, the potatoes, the milk and the bread. 4. — I’ve been to the shop. — Did you get the meet, the potatoes, the milk and the bread? Intonation of Vocatives Read the following sentences in appropriate tunes. 1. Henry, will you make a clean copy for me? 54 2. Ladies and gentlemen, I’m honoured to have an opportunity of addressing you. 3. You’re right, uncle. 4. Have you just been to the films, Jack? 5. Welcome, boys and girls. Intonation of Exclamations Read the following sentences in appropriate tunes. 1. What a lovely little house! 2. What a shame! 3. Dear old London! 4. You? What! 5. How exciting! 6. Isn’t the move wonderful! Intonation of Apologies Read the following sentences in appropriate tunes. 1. I’m sorry I’m late. 2. I’m sorry to interrupt you. 3. Sorry to have kept you busy. 4. Excuse me, but can you show me the way to the railway station? Intonation of Greetings and Leave-takings Read the following sentences in appropriate tunes. 1. How are you? 2. How’s your family? 3. Glad to see you. 4. Good afternoon. 5. Good night. 6. See you later. *practice materials in the textbook: intonation of statements (p.73—p.75) / broken tunes (p.81) / intonation of questions (p.89—p.92; p.95—p.98; p.101—p.102; p.105—p.106) / emphatic intonation (p.133—p.135) / intonation of reporting phrases (p.137—p.139) / intonation of enumerations and vocatives (p.141—p.145) / intonation of exclamations, apologies, greetings and leave-takings (p.146—p.150) 55