企业信息化建设的实现及意义

企业信息化建设的实现及意义 企业信息化建设的实现及意义 2012年05月09日 科学有效的管理是现代企业赖以生存争发展的重要基础。企业管理就是对企业的人、财、物等方面进行有效的管理，使企业的各种资源达到合理有效的配置。企业管理的核心是决策，而决策的过程实际上是对信息掌握的过程。因此，企业管理的本质就是对信息的掌握、控制和有效利用。企业管理信息化是指企业广泛利用现代信息技术，充分开发信息资源。把先进技术、管理理念和方法引入到管理流程中，实现管理自动化，提高企业管理效率和水平。 随着信息技术的不断发展和我国企业改革的不断深入，企业管理方式正在向创新管理和知识管理转变。为适应新时期企业管理方式的变革，企业必须加强管理信息化建设。企业管理信息化建设是一场革命，在提高企业管理水平，促进管理现代化，转换经营机制，建立现代企业制度，有效降低成本。加快技术进步，增强市场竞争力，提高经济效益等方面都有着现实和深远的意义。 1企业管理信息化建设的意义 随着信息技术的不断发展和我国企业改革的不断深入，企业管理方式正在向创新管理和知识管理转变。为适应新时期企业管理方式的变革，企业必须加强管理信息化建设。 1.1加强企业管理信息化建设，可以提高企业管理、决策的效率和水平在企业管理信息化过程中，通过建设企业信息系统和采用企业重组理论建设，可以对企业的业务流程和组织机构进行改革和简化，使得信息流动更为顺畅，从而可以提高企业管理决策的效率和水平。 1.2加强企业管理信息化建设，可以提高员工整体素质 企业管理信息化的主要特征是计算机技术广泛而深人的应用。为此。要求企业必须制定严格的操作规程和工作规范，要求对员工进行经常性的培训和教育，使员工逐渐摒弃旧的工作方式，学习掌握先进的操作规程和技术，并按先进的规程进行操作，从而可以提高员工的整体素质。 1.3加强企业管理信息化建设。可以增强对外交流，创造更多的商机 企业信息化工程的实施，特别是Intranet和Extranet网络环境的建立，为企业在网上做广告，利用网络宣传自己提供了物质基础。网络环境的建立。极大地方便了企业的对外交流，不仅可以改善企业的形象，而且还可以创造更多的商机。目前，信息技术、电子数据交换、电子商务等技术得到大量采用，企业如不加强信息化建设，就无法实现对外交流，无法全面深入地了解和更好地介入国内外市场。 1.4加强企业管理信息化建设。可以提高企业的经济效益 企业建立信息系统需要投入一定的资金，包括硬件购置、软件购置或开发、系统运行及维护费用等。企业管理信息系统的建设是关系到企业生死存亡的长远大计，它的效益更主要的是体现在战略效益方面，但这并不意味着企业管理信息化就不会产生直接的经济效益，因为:(1)机构和业务流程的精简不但可以提高工作效率，而且可以节省大量劳动力;(2)实现无纸化办公、无纸化设计与创造，可以节约大量的纸张和相关费用，效益也非常显著;(3)采用信息技术后，可以大量压缩库存，减少流动资金的占用，可以减少库存面积，减少人员及设备数量，从而可以降低成本和投入，提高经济效益。 2企业管理信息化建设的实现 2.1企业领导要转换观念，提高对管理信息化的重视 企业管理信息化，领导是关键。企业领导的高度重视、直接决策和组织实施，对企业管理信息化建设至关重要。企业的领导要了解、学习和掌握信息化知识，这样才能心中有数，把握大局。 企业管理信息化不单纯是个技术问题，它涉及企业的方方面面，信息化的过程是从“人治”向“法治”转变的过程。企业组织框架的重组，流程的再造。涉及权利和利益的再分配问题。强化管理和控制，势必要和一些习惯势力产生碰撞。所有这些，都需要企业领导坚定信心，并能身体力行。 2.2加大资金投入 企业要从战略高度出发，加大对企业管理信息化建设的资金投入。保证资金投入在一定程度上决定了企业管理信息化的规模和水平。资金不足是制约我国企业管理信息化的重要因素。因此，要推进我国企业管理信息化，除政府继续加大对企业管理信息化建设的财政补贴，银行增加对企业管理信息化建设的贷款外，还必须建立以企业为主体的多元投资体系，全面增加企业管理信息化建设的投入。如企业进行股份制改造。面向社会和企业内部筹集资金;积极创办企业信息化开发投资公司，通过发行债券和股票，广泛筹集民间资金等。 2.3对现有流程进行适当的重组，建立适应企业管理信息化的模型 在传统的劳动分工原则下，企业流程被分割为一段段分裂的环节，每一环节关心的焦点仅仅是单项任务和工作，而不是整个系统全局最优。在管理信息系统建设中，仅仅用计算机系统去模拟原手工管理系统，并不能从根本上提高企业的竞争能力，重要的是重组企业流程，按现代化信息处理的特点，对现有的企业流程进行重新设计，使之成为提高企业运行效益的重要途径。企业流程重组的本质就在于根据新技术条件下信息处理的特点，以事物发生的自然过程寻找解决问题的途径。 企业流程与企业的运作方式、组织的协调合作、人员的组织管理、新技术应用与融合紧密相关。企业流程的重组不仅涉及技术，也涉及人文因素，包括观念的重组、流程的重组和组织的重组。通过企业流程的重组。要达到以新的企业文化代替老的企业文化，用新的企业流程代替原有的企业流程。以扁平化的企业组织代替金字塔型的企业组织。可见，流程重组是一场革命，需要企业自上而下层层贯彻和实施推进。 2.4配备企业管理软件，架构企业信息系统 企业管理信息化建设，首先要构筑企业信息化网络;其次要对企业信息资源进行总体规划并建设企业信息系统，对于企业信息系统，企业可以自行开发，也可以联合开发;再次是做好信息资源的标准化建设;最后是建立信息化管理体制。如数据录入制度，数据备份制度，数据更新制度，员工培训制度等等。 2.5对企业管理人员进行信息化知识培训 企业管理信息化建设是一项复杂的系统工程，需要投入大量的人、财、物等资源，涉及企业的方方面面.必须进行统筹规划和合理安排，否则就有可能达不到预期目标，造成巨大损失。我国传统的企业管理体制很难适应现代管理信息化建设的发展需要，企业必须对管理人员进行培训，使他们了解信息化基本知识，学习掌握管理软件的使用方法，能对企业管理软件处理的数据进行维护，保证数据安全可靠。 随着世界经济一体化、知识经济、网络经济和信息社会的到来，世界范围经济竞争更加激烈。企业要想在世界竞争的大环境中取胜，必须加强管理信息化建设，全面实现管理信息化。 浅析电力企业信息化管理存在问题及策略 本文作者:佚名 【摘要近年来，电力行业随着国民经济的发展有了显著的提高，但居民生活和企业生产对电力企业的供电质量有了更高的要求。加强电力企业管理是保证电网系统正常运行的基础。在信息知识时代，电业企业的管理必须紧跟时代步伐，实现信息化的管理，才能促进企业更好的发展。本文就电力企业信息化管理存在的问题进行了分析，并提出了解决策略，以此为我国电力企业的发展提供参考。 【关键字电力企业;信息化管理;问题及对策 0.引言 近年来经济和科技的发展促进了电力企业管理的升级，电力企业正在由传统工业向集约化、知识化、信息化产业转变。在我国电力企业受计划经济体制的影响，形成了垄断式的管理模式。这种管理模式存在行业难以统一和规范的问题。电力企业由于其不同于其他企业，在管理模式上的改革往往存在举步维艰的情况。 1.电力企业信息化存在的问题 1.1信息化无法满足电力企业业务的发展需求 在知识信息的####下，已有大部分的电力企业认识到信息化的重要性，加大了信息化建设的投入，信息基础的建设已经具有相当的规模。信息应用的系统提高了企业对市场反应的速度，其提高了员工的工作效率。在一定程度上促进了电力企业的业务的发展,1,。但是随着电力企业的集团化的发展，现有的信息化建设已经无法满足电力企业的发展。主要表现为以下几个方面: (一)电力企业现有的信息化系统操作系统缺乏分析功能，没有实现真正意义上的智能化。所以无法很好的结合操作和管理，浪费了信息资源，无法真正促进电力企业的改革。 (二)大多数电力企业的信息系统规模较小且功能较单一。由于电力行业存在专业复杂 的现象，所以信息系统的开发一般是由各部门单独进行的，所以系统规模小、功能分散。 (三)由于系统由各部门单独开发，所以系统购买和安装存在重复的现象，而且各部门的系统之间的连接性较差，系统之间存在巨大的差异，比如数据无法兼容。系统集成性差导致企业内部无法实现数据的共享，无法发挥IT技术对企业业务的发展。 1.2电力企业信息化管理落后 电力行业的发展与居民的生活和工作、生产息息相关，所以必须保证电力系统的安全运行，加上由于电力事业是一个相对比较封闭的行业，所以电力行业对于信息化的建设大多倾向于保守态度。然而我国电力体制的改革使得电力企业不得不面对市场，市场经济对信息化管理具有严格的要求，所以电力实现信息化的管理势在必行。电力企业大多存在信息化管理模式落后、管理基础薄弱、管理不完善的现象,2,。在生产和工作中对于信息化的应用缺乏正确的指导思想，无法正确应用信息化技术，导致信息化系统的效果发挥不充分。 1.3电力企业信息化意识薄弱 社会上其他企业发展的历程告诉我们，信息化范围和深度的加深是时代趋势，信息化提高了企业制定决策的正确性。而电力行业对信息化的意识比较薄弱，之前一般注重电气设备的维修，保证电网的安全、正常运行。近年来我国电力体制的改革，实行“厂网分开、竞价上网”的模式，电力企业要自负盈亏，自己提高经济效，所以电力企业必须加强信息化的建设，包括应用层面和控制层面，只有这样才能灵 2.电力企业实现信息化管理的对策 2.1进行企业的IT规划 企业IT的规划应该以企业的发展目标、未来发展战略以及企业各部门的具体的目标和功能为依据，并仔细研究电力行业发展的信息，掌握信息技术发展的趋势，制定电力企业信息化的理念、目标和战略的刚性文件，以文件的精神作为企业信息化工作的指导，并在企业信息化过程中及时进行战略调整，保证满足企业发展的要求，达到充分利用企业资源的目的。 企业IT规范化后，可以提高信息化和企业战略结合的程度，从而使得企业管理与信息化共进退，增强企业的竞争力。首先企业应该明确企业信息化管理的总体方向和目标，同时站在客观的角度分析企业现今信息化管理的阶段，正确判断当前阶段与目标之间的差距。其次制定信息化的策略，依照一定的原则具有目的性的制定信息化具体项目实现的时间。最后在信息化建设的过程要不断向信息化程度高的企业学习，吸取成功经验，减少企业信息化的弯路,3,。 电力企业应该利用IT规划的进行以及向站在中立公司进行咨询，并在该公司的帮助下明确信息化战略、确定管理诊断、优化流程和信息系统、完善功能和决策报表的设计。同时建立体系结构管理，为企业业务和管理决策提供技术支持，降低企业在信息化的过程遇到的风险和损失。 企业进行IT规划还可以促进高级信息化项目的建设、合理的确定投资方向，加强对成本的控制，减少资金浪费。 2.2信息化具体内容 电力企业实现信息化管理可以从几点入手: (一)科学的设计企业计算机的网络结构和合理制定企业通信协议，从而保证企业网络资源实现共享，完善管理信息网和电网运行系统之间的信息交换模式。同时管理信息网和电网运行系统的关系设置要按照关系规范化的理论，这样可以有效避免数据混杂，冗余甚至网络无法正常更新的问题,4,。 (二)计算机以及通信网络设施的装置应该在保证可用性的基础上，尽可能的简化信息传输渠道，提高企业网络的集成度，这样可以有效提高信息的处理的准确度、时效度和规范度。 (三)计算机的界面应该坚持以人为本的原则，提高操作人员利用数据的可靠性和简便性，并保证系统数据的准确性，从而为企业的生产提供正确的参考数据,5,，帮助管理人员及时准确的掌握各类信息，从而更好进行企业生产活动中的控制、核算等工作。 (四)电力企业的信息化系统的管理模式应以电力企业的特点为依据，实现对电力企业生产中人、物、财的综合管理,6,。 (五)电力企业的信息系统的既要拥有传输数据的功能，也要具有一定开放性，实现各个部门系统间数据的交换，且能与管理系统连接，实现省、县网络之间的互通。 (六)系统数据库的建设应该以集中和分散数据库两种来实现，对于共享度高的数据由集中数据管理，从而提高数据的管理水平。 2.3加强信息化建设队伍的建设 电力企业信息化的建设需要大量的人力和物力作为基础。而信息化专业的人才是电力企业实现信息化管理的关键。因此，电力企业应该吸收一批具有相关技术的人才作为人才保障，并提供学习和培训的平台，提高员工信息化的技术，打造一支高级的信息化专业人才队伍，更好的落实企业信息化建设。 3.结语 电力企业信息化管理的实现是一个循序渐进的过程，不能一蹴而就。所以电力企业和相关部门要立足企业现状，放眼未来，采用科学合理、实事求是的态度制定正确的信息化战略，一步一个脚印落实信息化管理。只用这样，电力企业才能真正实现信息化管理，跟上时代的步伐，促进自身在新的经济形势下更好的发展，为国民经济的发展提供保障。 电力信息化建设现状 【发布时间:2009年02月17日】 【来源:产业政策司】 【字号:大 中 小】 从中国电力企业联合会获悉～经过多年发展～现代电力生产和经营管理都已具备高度网络化、系统化、自动化的特征～以网络、数据库及计算机自动控制技术为代表的信息处理技术已经渗透到电力生产、经营管理的各个方面。电力信息化的基本现状可以总结为以下五个方面。 一是基本建成了电力信息基础设施。 电力信息基础设施得到迅速发展～以高速电力通信网为基础～形成了覆盖各电网企业的国家电力调度数据网络和信息网络。电力通信网已发展成为光纤、数字微波、卫星等多种传输手段并用的干线通信网络～基本覆盖了发电、输电、配电等各个环节。 发电集团在信息化基础设施建设上还在不断加大投入～使通信和信息网络基础建设达到一定规模。发电集团利用电力通信网和电信公众网的传输通道～采用安全的接入技术～分别建立了以集团公司、区域分公司为主节点的核心网络～并延展到各基层电厂的二级网络。部分网络具有基于IP的数据、语音和视频传输综合通信功能～基本实现了集团公司内部各单位的互连互通和信息共享。 二是自主创新取得突破。 通过技术引进、消化和自主开发～电网自动化领域总体达到了国际先进水平～部分成果领先国际～自主研发的能量管理系统等关键控制系统已在我国电网调度系统中得到应用,SG186等多 个应用系统平台、电力信息安全专用装置已基本开发完成～并广泛投入使用。电力行业信息产业化工作取得了重要突破。 三是网络与信息安全工作取得重要进展。 电力信息安全主要在以下几个方面取得了进展。一是建立了电力行业网络与信息 安全管理 企业安全管理考核细则加油站安全管理机构环境和安全管理程序安全管理考核细则外来器械及植入物管理 体制～落实了信息安全责任,二是初步建立了电力行业信息安全法规建设～使信息安全工作逐步走上法制化、规范化的轨道,三是开展了以关键网络安全防护为主要内容的电力行业信息安全基础设施建设工作,四是完成了首批电力企业的信息系统安全等级保护定级工作。 四是电力信息化实现了三大转变。其一～从生产自动化逐步向管理信息化转变。电力企业信息化起步较早～从20世纪60年代起就开展了生产自动化的应用～20世纪80 年代后逐步开展了管理信息化的建设。由于电力生产特别强调安全性和稳定性～电力企业比较重视信息技术在生产过程控制中的应用～而忽视在业务管理中的应用。随着参与市场竞争程度的加深～电力企业特别是发电企业～已经开始从建设传统的办公自动化,OA,、管理信息系统,MIS,等逐步转向重视业务管理过程的优化、建设企业资源计划,ERP,、企业资产管理,EAM,等系统的阶段。其二～从信息资源收集向信息资源应用实现了转变。通过多年的建设发展～电力企业在信息化方面已经投入了不少的资金～引进了先进的计算机网络设备～配备了大型的数据库系统～并按照设备的规模档次、地理分布、信息共享等 要求将各种硬件设备连接在一起。电力企业的“信息高速公路”已基本建成。电力企业的信息资源数量众多、来源广泛～搜集、处理、运输、应用等过程需要统一、全面的管理。电力企业要以获取的信息为原料～经过共享、集成、开发和再创造～形成满足企业需要的信息产品～为企业提高管理水平、降低生产成本提供支持。其三～从辅助管理向提升经济效益实现了转变。发电企业是一种资金密集、技术密集、产品即产即销的特殊企业～信息化是管理好这种特殊性质企业的必要手段。但是面对日趋激烈的市场环境～电力企业不仅仅要提高自己内部的管理水平～加强计划、经营、生产、财务等环节管理～更应该以经济分析和成本管理为目标～在对大量生产、经营、交易的信息资源进行有效组织和控制的基础上～应用最新技术和分析方法～实现生产经营指标动态分析、投入产出比较、报价 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 评估选择等功能。 五是电网公司和发电企业齐头并进。 在电网企业生产经营管理信息化方面～国家电网公司实施了“SG186”信息化工程～目的是构筑纵向贯通、横向集成的一体化企业级信息集成平台～建成适应现代化管理需求的八大业务应用与六个保障体系。通过两年多的建设～信息化工作在效能、效益、效率等方面取得初步成效～在2008年抗冰抢险和抗震救灾工作中～准确的信息传递、资源调度和信息收集发挥了重要作用。南方电网公司通过构建由数据中心、应用集成、企业门户、IT 基础设施与信息安全、技术架构体系及IT管理和服务等组成的 信息一体化体系～统一了从总部到各分子公司的业务标准和信息 标准～最终实现了电网支撑数字化、业务管理信息化、分析决策 智能化的目标。 在发电企业的信息化建设方面～面对激烈的竞争格局～无论 内部管理～还是面对市场进行战略化运作～发电企业都将更加依 赖信息系统～信息系统的可用性及优劣程度直接关乎企业效益的 提升和竞争力的强弱。因此～各发电集团公司都把企业信息化建 设放到重要位置～重新规划企业信息化发展蓝图～希望借助信息 化改造推动电力工业现代化～帮助发电企业走出困境。发电企业 应以管理创新为基础、以提高工作效率为手段、以信息资源管理 为核心、以网络系统和数据中心为支撑、以企业信息门户为主导～ 增强市场竞争力、降低发电成本～建成功能完善、高效实用、高 度集成、体现自身管理特色的管理信息系统。发电企业普遍明确 了“统一领导、统一标准、统一规划～统一管理、分步实施”的 信息化建设方针～通过强化成本管理、经营管理、资源管理、安 全管理～落实目标、计划、指标、责任、绩效～力求在保证机组 安全运行的前提下～降低发电成本～从而提高经济效益～提升集 团化运营管理能力和决策水平。 2007年8月15日，“2007年中国电力企业信息化发展高层论坛”暨“电力信息化标杆企业系列评选”启动会在青海省西宁举行。本次论坛由中国电子信息产业发展研究院、中国电力企业联合会科技服务中心、中国信息化推进联盟主办和赛迪顾问股份有限公司举办，这是赛迪顾问自2004年连续举办3届电力企业信息化发展高层论坛以来，又一次关于电力企业信息化发展的盛会。 此次论坛以“信息化成就竞争力与高绩效”为主题，来自中国电力企业联合会、国家电网公司、南方电网公司、各发电集团、各网省电力公司、供电企业、发电企业的代表，以及诺基亚、用友艾福斯、曙光、深信服等知名企业的领导与专家、专业咨询机构赛迪顾问的专家参加了本次会议，高峰互动、激荡智慧，就电力企业信息化发展的热点问题进行了研讨。 为进一步推动电力企业信息化的交流与借鉴，鼓励信息化成效突出、先进的企业与个人，促进电力信息化发展，在本届论坛上启动了“第二届电力信息化标杆企业系列评选”工作，这标志着又一届电力信息化标杆企业评选隆重拉开序幕。 本次会议的重要主题之一是以信息化提升电力企业竞争力。 一、电力企业竞争格局形成，八大措施提升企业竞争力 1、电力行业发展环境:机遇与挑战并存 发电企业市场由五大发电集团、其它中央发电企业、地方发电企业、民营及外资发电企业组成。目前，电力行业在政治、经济和产业发展环境方面，面临着新的机遇和挑战。随着电力体制改革进一步深化，发电企业按照市场化模式运营。2006年以来，中国国民经济总体上呈现出“增长快、运行稳、质量高”的发展格局，对电力的需求持续增长，为电力产业提供了发展空间。大用户直供电为发电企业提供了新的市场渠道。节能降耗、减排、“上大压小”、加快关停小火电等，使得不同规模的发电企业面临着不同的影响。赛迪顾问认为:发电企业的竞争伴随着电力市场的完善必将愈演愈烈，企业要获得竞争的优势，必须提高自己的竞争力。 2、两方面因素影响电力企业竞争力 赛迪顾问研究认为:电力企业竞争力由现实竞争力和潜在竞争力构成。现实竞争力包括生产成本控制能力、发电能力和营销能力，主要受到生产成本控制过程、安全可靠发电、技术与设备的先进程度以及营销过程等直接因素的影响。而企业所面临的制度基础，经营资源，技术状况和组织能力等因素将间接影响企业制度、资源、技术和人力资源等，这些因素将形成电力企业的潜在竞争优势。 3、八大竞争策略提高电力企业竞争力 赛迪顾问通过竞争力影响因素分析表明:电力企业提升竞争力有八条措施。 (1)完善产业布局，优化资源配置:完善产业布局主要是对产业链进行延伸、扩展，使发电企业业务构成从单一的发电业务向其他业务扩展。实施产业布局扩展的方式包括后向一体化、前向一体化、横向一体化和同心多元化，即向上下游和相关产业延伸，通过多元化产业布局促进产业间资源的优化配置、优势互补。 (2)推进技术创新，增强技术能力:技术创新主要包括安全生产技术、节能降耗技术、环保技术、信息管理技术。通过技术改造、技术创新以增强发电企业的技术能力，以提高竞争能力。 (3)优化管控模式，提高经营效益:通过对发电企业运营管理进行改革，实施发电的专业化，对电厂运行、检修、维护实施分离，进行专业化管理，对非核心业务实施外包，提高专业性，提高运营效率，从而提高企业效益。 (4)加强市场营销，提高企业效益:销售电力、热力产品是电力企业收入、利润的来源，在市场化条件下，优化上网竞价策略、快速响应市场，开展大用户直供，是电力企业提高效益的重要方面。 (5)提高运营效率，控制企业成本:通过优化业务流程、应用信息系统，控制工程造价、加强燃料过程管理、改革物资管理模式、推行设备状态检修、提高设备运行效率和降低维护成本，提高资金管理水平，将有利于降低电力企业运营成本。 (6)优化人力资源，培养人才队伍:作为技术密集型企业，人力资源是电力企业发展的重要资源。通过建立人力资源总体目标、推动人才流动机制创新、建设企业专业人才队伍，将促进企业人才队伍的培养。 7)完善企业制度，优化发展环境:通过体制机制创新，完善企业产权制度、经营制 ( 度、 管理制度 档案管理制度下载食品安全管理制度下载三类维修管理制度下载财务管理制度免费下载安全设施管理制度下载 ，为企业的长治久安奠定发展基础。 (8)建设企业文化，树立竞争意识:企业文化是企业发展的潜在驱动力，为提升电力企业竞争力，需通过企业文化建设树立企业竞争意识。 二、信息化提升电力企业竞争力的途径 在提升电力企业竞争力的措施中，需要借助信息技术手段。赛迪顾问认为，总体上，信息化对提升电力企业竞争力的影响主要表现在:提高企业生产运营效率、降低生产运营成本、促进业务和资源整合。 按照发电企业的业务和组织结构的特点分有三种类型:(1)五大发电集团:拥有三级业务和组织架构的集团型企业;(2)其他中央直属发电公司和区域性发电公司:拥有两级业务和组织架构的集团型企业，包括五大发电集团下属的分子公司、部分中央直属发电公司、地方发电公司;(3)发电企业，包括发电集团的基层电厂、地方及民营、外资的独立发电公司。其中第一、二类均属于集团型企业。 以下针对集团型企业和发电企业分析信息化提升竞争力的途径。 1、发电企业:实施信息一体化、提高效率、降低生产运营成本 基层发电企业作为生产中心，需提高运营效率，降低生产运营成本。根据发电企业生产运营特点，为提升竞争力，在信息化建设中采取下列措施。 (1)以设备资产全生命周期管理为核心，降低生产成本 生产运行是发电企业生产的中心环节，生产管理的主要工作是设备的运行维护，设备安全、稳定、高效的运转是发电生产的基础，所以发电企业信息化的核心内容是设备管理。为降低发电生产的成本，应通过信息系统加强设备全生命周期的管理维护，降低设备故障、延长设备使用寿命，从而降低成本。如采用EAM系统实现资产生命周期管理，使设备的使用率最高，风险率最低，维修费用最低，提高资产的利用率，从而达到资产的投资回报最大化。 (2)实施管控一体化，提高对生产运行状况、实时运行成本的掌控能力 在电力市场条件下，发电企业提高效益和竞争力的途径是优化系统运行性能，降低成本，在上网报价方面能够掌握发电生产运行的实时状态、掌握实时运行成本。从而对信息化提出了相应的要求，要求实施发电企业管控一体化系统，对发电设备运行实时状态数据进行采集、分析，并进行实时的成本分析，为决定上网报价提供参考。目前可采取的应用模式是建设SIS系统和实时数据库，衔接过程控制层和管理信息层，实现管控一体化。 (3)实施生产运行与市场营销信息的集成，以快速响应电力市场 在电力市场运行成熟的情况下，发电企业的市场营销工作将是除生产管理之外的一项重要工作，电力产业的销售是企业收入的来源。所以需要通过信息技术手段建立生产运行与市场营销的信息整合与集成，实现发电企业内外部信息互通，提高对电力市场的响应速度。根据电力市场供需情况，安排好发电计划， 2、集团型企业:构建统一信息平台，促进业务与资源整合 集团型发电企业总部主要行使战略管理、计划管理、集团管控的职能，对下属各发电企业履行管理职能。基层发电企业主要承担发电生产，基层发电企业信息化建设参考上一节。 为提升集团的竞争力，集团层信息化建设以集团管控和业务、资源整合为主，优化集团的业务模式和内部资源配置。 (1)建设集团信息系统，提高集团公司对下属企业的管控能力 集团企业管控模式有财务管控、战略管控、经营管控，对下属企业管控的力度依次增强。不同发电集团针对不同下属企业采取不同的管控模式。 为提高发电集团的竞争力，需要加强集团管控的能力。针对上述第一种类型企业，集团总部主要对下属二级单位采取财务管控型或战略管控型模式，在这种管控模式下，需要借助信息平台对下属企业进行财务、计划执行的监控，跟踪下属企业生产、经营状况。针对上述第二种类型企业，集团管理主要对下属企业采取战略管控或经营管控，需要借助信息平台对下属企业的业务过程进行管理，对业务过程执行情况进行监督、控制。两种情况下均需借助信息系统对下属企业实施相应的管控措施，以实现集团整体的资源整合，提高整体的业务效率与效益，从而提高企业竞争力。 (2)建设统一信息平台，促进业务整合，提高运作效率 在集团化发展模式下，发电集团普遍实行集团化运营、集约化管理，创新集团管理模式，如实施战略性物资的集中采购，设立区域性燃料公司负责燃料采购供应，改革物流管理方式，实施电子商务等，以优化集团的业务模式，提高竞争力。对信息化应用来说，为支持这种业务整合模式，需构建集团化信息系统，建立统一信息平台，通过业务流程和信息的一体化，建立企业集团内部纵横贯通的信息管理体系，为集团整体调控、决策分析提供支撑。 (3)整合信息资源，促进企业资源的优化配置 发电集团实施产业链延伸和多元化，带来了业务幅度和组织管理幅度的增大，从而带来了管理的挑战。为此集团层面需要实时掌握各产业链各环节的生产、经营状况，一方面为产业内部的管理提供支持，另一方面为产业间的协调、综合管理提供信息支持。通过构建集团化的信息平台，将能够有力的支持集团化、多业务的管理，为业务管理提供手段，促进不同产业间的资源整合和优化配置，从而提高集团的竞争力。 最后，为提升企业竞争力，发电企业应充分认识信息化建设的重要性和必要性，紧紧抓住信息化建设的机遇，深刻把握发电企业信息化建设的目标，全面规划，有条理、有步骤、有重点的推进信息化的快速发展，同时建立信息化建设考核评估机制，保障信息化产生效益。 行业背景 随着电力需求的快速扩张，全国各地电力建设的规模和数量急剧增长。作为国家基础设施建设，电力建设必然面临着更多的机遇和挑战。电力工程项目管理者要缩短与国际先进水平的差距，就必须从管理理念上强化工程项目管理，并利用先进的信息化技术辅助项目管理工作，从而促进电力建设工程整体管理水平的提高。 难点分析 电力工程建设的难点揭示了其在管理上面临着大量亟待解决的问题 : 电力工程数量多、规模大、耗时长，目标控制难度大; 参与工程建设的单位和部门多，组织协调工作难度大; 前期准备工作量大、不可控因素多，并且与其它工作之间的依赖性强; 工程管理缺乏标准化流程控制; 工程建设文档多而且复杂，存档和查阅难度大; 项目沟通缺乏有效手段，职能部门之间缺乏协作; 历史数据难保存，决策支持的难度大。 工程管理信息化思路 “四控两管一协调”理念 工程项目管理中的核心内容可以归结为“四控制、两管理、一协调”。其中，“四控制”包括进度控制、投资控制、质量控制和安全控制;“两管理”包括 合同 劳动合同范本免费下载装修合同范本免费下载租赁合同免费下载房屋买卖合同下载劳务合同范本下载 管理和信息管理;“一协调”指的是工程各参与方的协调。 根据电力工程建设的难点，结合“四控两管一协调”的管理理念，电力工程项目管理信息化的思路包括两个层次:项目沟通和目标控制。通过项目各实施方的信息采集和共享，为决策提供支持，达到目标控制的效果。 项目沟通 要实现管理目标，首先需要保证信息的有效沟通和准确采集。并且由于电力工程各项工 作之间的依赖性非常高，每个职能机构都需要从各个角度全面的了解项目的进展情况，因此非常有必要通过信息化手段对工程建设中的各方信息(如:招投标信息、合同信息、前期信息、物资信息、和文档信息等等)进行集中管理，实现对这些信息快速准确的采集、传送、处理和反馈。 有效的项目沟通和信息传递能够保证信息的及时性和准确性，避免出现推诿和扯皮的情况，一方面有效改善项目中各职能机构的组织协调工作;另一方面提高工作流程规范程度。 此外，项目沟通能够为管理人员提供及时、直观的工程进度、资金使用情况等信息，使管理人员能从宏观角度进行控制和管理。 目标控制 在有效沟通的前提下，工程管理人员需要对工程建设中的核心目标进行控制，包括:实施进度的跟踪、分析和控制;工程投资费用的收集、分析和控制;工程质量安全情况的收集、分析和控制。 采用先进的信息化手段能够帮助工程管理人员对工程进度、投资、质量安全情况进行采集、联动和分析，从而全面把握工程的进展情况，为决策和控制提供依据。 应用模式 根据电力工程的特点和管理理念，需要建立以业主方为核心、并兼顾各外延单位的一整套信息化项目管理体系。在业主方内部，通过项目主管部门和相关职能部门(质量安全、计划财务、前期工程)的工作协同，完成横向的项目职能协同;在业务方外部，通过与外延单位(施工单位、设计单位、监理单位)的信息沟通，完成纵向的项目多级沟通。借助这种内部协同和外部沟通矩阵式应用模式，达到电力工程目标控制的管理目标。 一、引言 这些年在电厂建设工程上使用管理软件作为辅助管理工具取得了明显效果，与电厂建设项目相对来讲有所不同的是，供电企业的项目基本可以归结为资金规模小、项目周期短和项目工程多几个特点，这些情况也一定程度上制约供电企业项目管理信息化的进程，但是单从管理角度来讲，不管项目是大还是小，对于管理水平的提升和新管理思路的接纳其实都有同样的渴望，那么究竟如何对这些周期短、项目个数多的项目进行统一、集成、有效高效的管理,如何将国际先进的项目管理思想与我们实际工作相结合,抚顺供电局携手PM2软件在这方面进行了积极的探索～ 二、国际项目管理的核心思想分析 项目是为完成某一独特的产品或服务所做的一次性努力。项目管理即是指在项目活动中运用专门的知识、技能、工具和方法，使项目能够实现或超过项目干系人的需要和期望。项目管理理论的指导性文件为美国项目管理协会发布的项目管理知识体系PMBOK。项目管理知识体系的核心内容是九大知识领域(包括范围管理、时间管理、成本管理、质量管理、人力资源管理、沟通管理、采购管理、风险管理和整体管理等)和五大管理过程(包括启动、计划、执行、控制、结束)。具体企业的项目管理工作由于其所属行业及企业在项目中的角色不同也有一定的差别，但重点工作都是对应着九大知识领域中的范围管理、时间管理、成本管理和质量管理四大核心领域以及五大过程中的计划、执行和控制过程。 三、抚顺供电公司实行项目管理信息化成果介绍 抚顺供电公司实行改制后，将电网建设送变配这方面的工作交由抚顺电力发展有限公司负责具体实施，抚顺电力发展有限公司作为自主盈亏的工程施工企业，除了负责抚顺市一些送变配工程建设，还面向社会承揽一些电网项目的施工，在项目管理过程中，主要关注点是使项目能够在费用预算内、时间计划内、高质量地完工并交付公司使用;项目的实际项目管理工作一般划分为项目前期、项目实施、项目收尾三个阶段。以项目实施为主要控制阶段，以设计、采购、施工等为工作重点，通过对其计划、进度、费用、合同、质量等方面的管理工作，达到预期的控制目标。 1.项目管理系统设计原则、设计思路与主要功能展示 1.1.项目管理系统设计原则 (1)贴近实际业务，简单易用 工程项目管理系统操作符合实际工程管理业务方式，使用方法易于理解、操作简单，掌握起来快捷、方便。完整的随机帮助及操作向导辅助学习操作。 (2)先进的管理思想及软件技术 系统要以国际先进的PMBOK(《项目管理知识体系》)为基础、运用领先的项目管理理论及数学模型，同时要结合中国国情。产品要既适用，又具有先进性，具有生命力、有雄厚持续发展能力的主流技术，在今后的一段时间内不会过时、并且健康发展的技术平台。 (3)良好扩展性和适应性 能针对不断发展的企业经营活动和组织结构，满足各级组织、员工的门户界面扩充和变化的需要。能够满足工程管理系统与现工程管理业务双轨制运行的要求。具备门户单一密码登录、各职能应用通行的能力。同时可以要提供系统基础数据导入、导出接口，便于本系统与其它系统(如财务系统、OA、MS Project、公司网站)的数据衔接。 (4)高可靠性、高安全性 多级权限控制，防止非法操作和擅自使用，并具有操作全面跟踪记录功能。最好设置代理服务功能，实现内外网隔离和数据加解密功能保护内网数据安全。具有普通员工、部门管理员、部门负责人、公司领导及网络管理员等多种 权限设定。提供完整的历史追溯功能。可以为每个项目管理人营造一个度身定制的办公空间。 (5)智能预警机制 预警机制，突出监督时效，针对项目管理工作周期长、对象多、任务重的客观情况，系动态 统在业务处理过程中，新增了智能预警机制，对于即将到来的合同、进度报告等工作，系统会自动报警，体现管理的时效性。 1.2.项目管理系统设计思路 ? 围绕项目进度计划核心，展开项目相关的资金、合同、文档、费用、采购、资源、质量等项目管理工作。 ? 项目合同、文档的分类管理与WBS直接关联。合同付款计划与WBS关联;合同变更与项目变更对应; ? 系统读写权限分配到模块级，对项目进度计划、项目合同、文档资料等核心业务的权限，可控制到数据级。 ? 基于WBS的材料设备管理，自动生成设备需求计划、采购计划，跟踪采购、入库、领用全过程。 ? 基于WBS的质量管理体系，生成质量甘特图、鱼刺图分析报告 ? 要求具有基于WBS的挣值分析功能，为企业今后与国际接轨提供保障，成本数据源可从费用、工程量、材料、资源、合同中任意设定。 ? 基于业务数据的流转审批，将业务单据直接在审批过程中直观体现。 1.3.项目管理系统主要功能展示 (1)、进度计划模块 进度计划模块包括项目计划、项目进度等功能，通过对项目的WBS分解，针对每个工作包可以从时间、费用、资源、材料设备、工程量、合同资金、质量、文档、责任人等多个角度制订项目计划，并从上述各个侧面报告进度情况，便于跟踪、对比分析;项目进度报告、形象进度报告等报表随时 反映项目进展情况。 WBS编码设置功能，可以对不同的项目任意设置编码规则。软件项目模版功能，允许用户将WBS保存为模版或从模版生成，并据此与P3、MS Project进行数据交换。 (2)、合同管理模块 合同金额等关键数据信息为核心，辅助以合同付款计划与实际拨付、合同管理模块以甲乙方、 合同变更管理、合同违约索赔管理、合同模板等功能，并与WBS关联，方便、快捷地产生合同台帐等各种汇总和明细合同报表，从而实现合同信息的存储、查询、分析等管理目标。 (3)、材料管理模块 根据加载到WBS上的材料和设备需求，可以对项目形成总的材料设备需求计划，根据工程进度，材料进场日期和企业采购提前期，进行资源运算，得到不同时期的采购计划，采购申请单经过批准后，产生采购单、入库单、出库单等业务单据，全面跟踪、控制材料设备的计划、采购、入库、领用及库存情况。 采购单、入库单与采购合同关联，便于分析控制拨款计划与实际付款。 (4)、资源管理模块 以WBS为核心的资源管理，囊括了人力资源和机械设备等资源要素，通过分析工作包的资源计划、资源负荷，可对驱动资源进行合理配合、资源优化;对工作包明确责任部门及人员，是责任矩阵和资源中心的基础。 (5)、文档管理模块 文档管理模块不仅是对各种文件、技术资料的简单分类保存，实现WORD、EXCEL文件的在线编辑，还可与WBS关联，实现按项目、类别的双向管理。文档查询可按各种要素进行资料快速检索、借阅管理记录资料文件来龙去脉;基于文件级别的权限控制，不仅保障文件安全，还便于相关人员进行文件编辑。 (6)、项目跟踪与报告模块 项目跟踪模块将项目执行过程中常用的、需特别关注的项目信息汇集生成项目对比报告，从时间、资源、费用、材料设备和成本等各个侧面，将项目的实际进度与计划进行对比，发现偏差、找出原因，是项目控制的基础。同时，还将一些即将发生的工作、滞后的工作、关键工作等信息及时报告给项目高层领导和管理人员。 (7)、资金管理模块 资金管理模块包括前期资金估算、资金计划、资金收支和资金报表等功能，以核算项目为中心、以资金收支类别为基础、围绕项目WBS，全面实时地反映项目资金的计划和使用情况，包括现金流量的估算、计划、记录、预测的汇总和明细报告。 资金收入、支出的记录，可与合同拨款关联，并可通过预设的凭证模版，实现与财务软件的完美对接。 (8)、招标管理模块 管理。招标项目/子项目划分，项目评分标准及权重多级定实现招标、评标、定标全过程的 义、专家评分汇总，自动生成评标汇总表，便于决策层定标。 对于招标设备、工程的市场参考价、以往合同价等相关信息详细记录。 (9)、协同办公模块 以工作流引擎为核心协同办公模块，包括 工作计划 幼儿园家访工作计划关于小学学校工作计划班级工作计划中职财务部门工作计划下载关于学校后勤工作计划 、消息中心、资源中心等功能，基于项目业务平台，实现对合同拨款、合同变更、进度计划调整、材料招标等业务的网上流转、审批。智能提醒功能可实现新的工作任务需要处理时(如新消息、合同审批、工程变更及其他待办事宜等)，系统自动弹出提醒消息窗口，对于离线用户支持手机短信通知，方便高效处理工作。 (10)、安全管理模块 安全管理包括安全文档和安全设施等功能，安全文档实现各种安全法规制度、安全会议的信息管理;安全措施与WBS关联，管理安全设施、施工安全问题、隐患整改等业务功能，实现安全工作报表的汇总分析。 (11)、质量管理模块 质量管理模块包括质量资质、质量规划、质量报告等功能，可以根据WBS制定相应的质量工作结果、质量检查计划、操作描述、检查表格。对于常见质量问题，系统可以生成因果分析图。 四、实际业务操作 成本控制分析几个大阶段，不同岗位的工作人员在每个阶段的工作内容也是不同的，通过各司其职，最终实现整个项目的透明、高效管理～,成本执行,内部控制成本形成,确定项目预算,通过上述对产品功能的描述，再结合下面的流程图我们可以看出，整个项目管理的核心在于进度、质量、成本的控制，而整个过程又分为签订收入合同 五、实施工作情况介绍 1.实施说明 实施管理信息系统是一个环环相扣的工作过程。实施管理包括技术手段和管理手段。通过实施管理的技术手段，帮助用户了解系统的使用运行，为实施提供便利条件。相应的管理手段手段包括: 将PM实施做为企业的一项基础工作，督促企业领导加以足够重视，把住处作为一种重要的战略资源，增强其对系统的认同感;工程项目管理各部门有明确的职责分工并协调工作，信息中心积极与各业务部门配合，并接受他们的指导;制订相应的管理制度保证住处源的唯一性、确保信息及时准确，使PM融为工程管理的有机组成部分;推进企业制度的改变，使传统工作方法、习惯、观念、办事原则的转变符合计算机环境下的管理工作的需要;用户自始至终地参与系统建设;制订详细的系统实施方案，有步骤、有计划地推进系统应用。 2.主要工作介绍 1)、业务调研 了解相关部门的组织结构、业务流程、管理状况及信息化状况，搜集资料为基础数据、培训等工作奠定基础。 2)、系统安装 系统安装与调试主要是根据PM2项目管理系统的软硬件环境要求，进行相关的调试与测试，具体内容如下: , 硬件及网络环境 , 软件环境 , 服务器系统的安装与设置 , 客户端系统的安装与设置 3)、相关培训 培训工作是实施过程中最重要的一项内容，主要包括以下两个方面的培训: , 软件应用培训 , 软件操作培训 4)、数据准备 整理相关的业务数据与流程，为系统运行作最后的准备。 , 系统输入输出数据及表格 , 各类编码系统的编制 , 建立项目管理软件应用的管理办法和相关细则 , 项目计划的层次和作业、组织、资源、费用的划分原则 5)、试运行 PM项目管理系统在正式启动前，必须初始化整个系统，即将各个模块使用的基础资料输入 系统，并开始实际运行。 六、几点体会 1. 信息反馈及时准确 为公司主要领导提供及时、直观的工程进度、资金使用情况，使领导能从宏观角度进行宏观 控制和管理. 2. 项目工作流程标准化 参与项目工作的各个部门及人员，在自己的意识中都已知道项目工作的基本流程，但作为项目业务，建议应形成标准化的业务流程，并将其内容制度化，为以后的具体项目工作提供指导。 3. 项目成本核算与财务分析 无论是从一个部门的角度，还是从公司整体的角度，都应将项目的成本计划与跟踪工作细化，将人力资源成本、费用、采购、材料设备等成本要素分解到项目各个工作环节。这样才能为公司级的成本核算与财务分析提供基础数据。 4. 项目相关部门、人员之间的沟通 由于每个项目都要涉及到各个相关部门及不同的供应商，每个部门及相关人员从不同的角度都需要了解项目的各个方面进度情况，提供一个有效的项目数据平台是解决各个相关群体和个人之间沟通协调的捷径。 5. 项目的跟踪报告机制 随着项目工作的展开，工程进度、合同执行情况、资金使用情况、物资及人力资源调配情况是公司、项目公司及各个专业工程师都非常关心的问题，只有各个相关部门都及时报送相关的项目数据，才能保障各级领导及时了解项目的进展情况，进行动态地分析、控制、管理工作。 6. 信息的有效性传递: 由于个人理解差异、部门利益考虑、过程延误等原因，组织内部上下级之间的信息、指令的在传递过程中也存在着信息失真与信息延误等现象，组织内部自上而下形成的信息漏斗效应。在信息技术(IT)高度发达的今天，特别是在信息流通量与协同管理量非常大的现代工程建设项目管理中，信息的有效性传递可以有效避免很多扯皮、推委现象的发生，使得项目高层管理人员(项目经理)的协调工作得心应手。 7. 各个层次人员的应用价值 为不同层次的人员的相关决策和工作提供及时的信息支持，提高企业项目管理水平，促进科学、规范的项目管理机制的形成，为企业培养一支高效精干的项目管理队伍。 7.1.决策层 公司领导可以随时了解项目的总体计划及执行情况、落实项目需要的资源、并做出相关重要的决策。无需到现场，也无需层层汇报，通过项目管理系统，公司领导就可随时掌控项目的方方面面。系统的远程访问功能使领导身处外地也能了解项目进展。 7.2.项目管理层 使参与项目管理的各部门、人员及时、高效沟通，减少信息传递时间，提高沟通效率，将大量的手工工作交由计算机来完成，大大降低工作量，提高工作效率，同时能够将精力集中到计算机不能解决的工作上。 7.3.项目实施层 系统方便地进行具体的任务施工、工程量进度和质量监督反馈工作。 七、结语 信息化工具已经很丰富了，管理信息系统已经不是一个陌生的产品，所以我们的关注核心就是如何选择一款合适的产品，既结合企业实际，又能持续发展，鉴于目前我们已经建设财务管理、协同办公系统、再通过此次的项目管理系统建设，向下一步综合管理方向又迈进一步;为我们的最终目标(实现国家电网公司“SG186工程”所规划的构筑由数据交换、数据中心、应用集成、企业门户五个部分组成的一体化企业级信息集成平台)尽早实现而努力～ (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations.