新闻文体相关知识

null英语文体学基础英语文体学基础新闻文体null影响文体变化的因素主要有三个方面： 讲话内容 field of discourse 讲话方式 mode of discourse 话语关系 tenor of discourse 社会关系的不同会直接影响说话人的语音、词汇、句法等语言形式。它包括四个方面的内容：正式程度（formality),客气程度（politeness),避免直接称呼程度（impersonality),可理解程度（accessibility)null文体或语体是不同环境 和场合产生的变体 Ladies and Gentlemen, we take great pleasure in presenting for today’s discussion on the range of appropriateness in American English two distinguished scholars in the field, first, Roger W. Shuy, the eminent sociolinguist, Director of the Sociolinguistics Program of Georgetown University… nullWelcome to today’s program, Varieties of American English Stylistic Differences. Your hosts are two well-known sociolinguists. Dr. Roger Shuy of Georgetown University and the Center for Applied Linguistics, and Dr. Dennis Preston, from the State University of New York College of Fredonia. nullHello, today we’re going to hear from Roger Shuy from Washington D.C., and Dennis Preston from Fredonia, New York, about language change in different times and … Hi, here’s Roger& Dennis to talk to you about the way we use different word word文档格式规范word作业纸小票打印word模板word简历模板免费word简历 s in different ways… 新闻英语的范围及特点新闻英语的范围及特点新闻报道文体指的是报纸、杂志、广播电台、电视台等大众传播工具在消息报道和评论中使用的文体。 Journalism is literature in a hurry. The straightforward, informative account is the marrow of news reporting. 新闻英语集现代英语之大成，受新闻学、传播学、社会学、政治学、经济学等多种学科和语体的综合影响。 新闻英语常见语法现象新闻英语常见语法现象1，省略 Cairo-Leaders of about 50 African countries will meet in Dakar of Senegal (on) June 18 for the annual summit conference of the Organization of African Unity, Foreign Minister Amr Moussa said. 2，分裂不定式 It may be days before investigators can begin to carefully sift through the tons of debris for clues to the bomber. null3，时态呼应不拘规则 4，被动语态用法特殊 Chechnya’s Moscow-backed president and the commander of Russian forces in the restive region have been killed by a bomb blast in a packed stadium during annual celebrations of “Victory Day”, the Interfax news agency reports. null5,前置定语种类繁多 The city was totally paralyzed yesterday by about 20 barricades across main access routes as the public transport was at a no-one-dared-to-walk-in-the-street standstill. 1)n+v-ing Law-abiding residents Fence-mending visit fact-finding commission null2) adj+v-ing All-embracing agreement High-standing promise Short-acting pain-killer 3) n+v-ed College-bred clerk Crisis-ridden economy Disaster-hit area Money-oriented politics null4) adj+ v-ed Deep-seated social and economic problems Loud-mouthed senator Quick-frozen food 5) adv+v-ed Dimly-lit room Poorly-built house Richly-paid job Well-informed circles sparsely-populated area null6) n+adj City-wide competition Family-conscious Asians War-weary soldiers Visa-free travel 7) n+n Labor-management conflict South-south cooperations Year-end report 8) adj+n High-level talk Red-carpet welcome Full-dress welcome null9）numerals +n Three-interim committee system One-night stand One-way traffic 21-gun salute 10) n+to+n Belly-to-back buses Dusk-to-dawn curfew Ground-to-air missile 11) linked with and Hit-and-run driver Wait-and-see policy null6.多用间接、直接引语 7.酌情嵌入插入语 8.灵活使用修辞手段 South Africa: Groping for Growth I finally figured out how government works. The Senate gets the bill from the House. The President gets the bill from the Senate. And we get the bill for everything. Farewell to Wall Street Why We Love to Hate Women Bosses 新闻英语主要词汇特点新闻英语主要词汇特点1，借用人、物名称 Bonn had also told Damascus it did not intend to impound the tanks and expressed a desire to settle the issue cordially. Fun City Bermuda Triangle Windy City 2,掺用外来词语 Paparazzo Reich Weltpolitik Zeitgeist 3，大量产生新词、时髦词 null1）旧词衍生新意 angel (难得碰上的事情） basket (一组问题/建议/决议等） egg (炸弹；水雷） exotic (脱衣舞女） hiccup (股市短暂下跌） moonlight (兼职；赚外快） relationship (肉体关系；风流韵事）null2）新事催生新词 beatnik draftnik (逃服兵役者） jobnik (工作狂） nudnik (无聊的人；讨厌的人） affluenza hyperlipidemia liposuction dallymony (青春损失费） hot pants (热裤；性感女人） poof (男同；娘娘腔） shotgun marriage upper (兴奋剂） Meglev train (磁悬浮列车） Happening (街头剧） wed-in (集体婚礼） 3）旧词派生新词null昨天，广州《羊城晚报》刊登了著名歌唱家××的公开道歉信。她在信中为她自己上周在广州演出时的假唱行为表示歉意。 In an open letter of apology to the Guangzhou-based Yangcheng Evening News, famous singer apologized to the public for having lip-synched prerecorded songs on the show in Guangzhou last week. null假币 counterfeit money; phoney money; bad money; bogus 假酒 adulterated wine 假结婚 sham marriage 假想敌 imaginary enemy 假新闻 pseudo-event 假性近视 pseudomyopia 假药 adulterated drugs null由于大龄青年人数的增加，全国涌现了许多婚姻介绍所。 With the number of single youth above the normal matrimonial age on the rise, match-making agencies have mushroomed across the country. 由于第三者插足，离婚率逐年上升。 Divorce rate is going up year by year as a result of the involvement of the other men or women. 根据不久前北京、上海等八大城市的统计，在受理的离婚案件中，有第三者插足的，约占40％至50％。 According to a recent survey of divorce cases pending in eight cities including Beijing and Shanghai, from 40 to 50 percent have been induced by the stepping in of the other man or woman. nullurban vagrants and beggars 城市流浪乞讨人员 In order to provide a lasting solution to the problems of urban vagrants and beggars, and improve China's social welfare system, the State Council passed a new set of management methods. — CHINA DAILY temporary residence permit (card) 暂住证 Guangzhou started processing temporary residence card applications this week. The card is valid for three years and the application fee is 20 yuan. — CHINA DAILY detention and repatriation 收容和遣送 The Chinese government abolished a regulation on detention and repatriation which was at the centre of a major controversy recently. — THE WASHINGTON POST people without identification papers, a normal residence permit, and a source of income/ "san wu" people 三无人员（无合法证件，无正常居所，无正当生活来源） Fuzhou has stated that the "san wu" people have communication and personal property rights, and that their security must be ensured.— CHINA DAILY administrative regulation 行政法规 The decision to abolish the administrative regulation, the legal basis for detention and repatriation, won immediate applause from Internet users. — CHINA DAILYnullto increase enrollment/course-related test/ subject-specific basic test/ common subject test 扩招/专业课/专业基础课/公共科目 The director of the ministry's student department said that China's colleges and universities would continue to increase enrollment during the 1996-2002 period. — PEOPLE'S DAILY minimum admission score/ pre-enrollment/ first-tier exam/ selective second-tier exam/ non-selective second-tier exam录取分数线/提前招生/初试/差额复试/等额复试 admissions test for Master's degree in a different field/ popular subject area/ less-popular subject area/alternative major choice跨专业考研/热门专业/冷门专业/志愿调剂 planned enrollment/ open enrollment 计划内招生/计划外招生 enrollment with recommendation/ self-supporting graduate student 推荐免试生/自费研究生 Students who have completed their junior year of high school may be permitted to enroll upon recommendation of their high school principal. Concurrently enrolled students receive college credit only. — UTB targeted-area student/ job-directed student 定向生/委培生 The classes for ethnic minority students have adopted methods of targeted-area enrollments and job-directed assignments. — CHINA DAILY second Bachelor's degree/ two Bachelor's degrees 第二学位/双学位 A student may pursue a second Bachelor's degree at university upon completion of the first degree or may pursue two separate Bachelor's degrees concurrently by meeting all requirements for the second degree. — CHINA nullstruggling (stagnant) movie industry 低迷影市 to beat pirates/ pirated disc copiers 打击盗版/盗版商 smash box office records/ box office battle/ exclusive rights to show 爆棚/票房大战/独家放映权 A year after "Harry Potter" smashed box office records worldwide, its sequel enjoyed a magical bow in North America, Europe and Asia over the weekend. — IN FOCUS behind-the-scenes look / sound track/ costume drama 幕后花絮/电影音乐/古装戏 During filming, a documentary was shot simultaneously to record details of the crew's work. This behind-the-scenes look at film making is scheduled to air on provincial TV stations in China next month. — BOXING POST gunning for the Oscars (lining up competition for the Oscars) 角逐奥斯卡 Some believe that Zhang is not only aiming at international box-office success but is also gunning for the Oscars. — BBC capable production crew/to lead a stellar cast/ cameo role 强大制作阵容/领衔主演/友情出演 null钉子户 recalcitrant 横向经济联系 lateral economic ties 堡电话粥 do marathon talk on telephone 量贩店 bulk sale store 封闭式小区 gated community 过劳死 karoshi 讨债公司 debt-recovery firm 珍珠奶茶 tapioca milk tea; bubble tea 声讯电话 pay-per-call 露脐装 midriff-baring shirt; midriff; half-shirt