the secret garden 秘密花园课件

I.AnintroductionII.TheauthorIII.BackgroundIV.MajorcharactersV.PlotsummaryVI.Majorthemes6、MajorthemesI.AnintroductionTheSecretGarden isanovelby FrancesHodgsonBurnett.Itwasfirstpublishedin1911.ItisnowoneofBurnett'smostpopularnovels,andisconsideredtobeaclassicofEnglishchildren'sliterature.Severalstageandfilmadaptationshavebeenproduced.*II.Theauthor FrancesHodgsonBurnett Born FrancesElizaHodgson24November1849England Died 29October1924 (aged 74)UnitedStates Children Shehadtwoboys.FrancesElizaHodgsonBurnett wasanEnglishplaywrightandauthor.Sheisbestknownforherchildren'sstories,inparticular LittleLordFauntleroy 《方特勒罗伊小爵爷》(publishedin1885-6), ALittlePrincess (1905),and TheSecretGarden (1911).FrancesElizaHodgsonwasbornin Cheetham,England.Afterherfatherdiedin1852,thefamilyfellonstraitenedcircumstancesandin1865immigratedtotheUnitedStates,settlingnear Knoxville,Tennessee.ThereFrancesbeganwritingtohelpearnmoneyforthefamily,publishingstoriesinmagazinesfromtheageof19.In1870hermotherdied,andin1872FrancesmarriedSwanBurnett,whobecameamedicaldoctor.III.ThebackgroundTheBurnettslivedfortwoyearsinParis,wheretheirtwosonswereborn,beforereturningtotheUnitedStatestoliveinWashington,D.C.,Burnettthenbegantowritenovels.Beginninginthe1880s,shebegantotraveltoEnglandfrequentlyandinthe1890sboughtahometherewhereshewrote TheSecretGarden.Fromthemid-1890sshelivedinEnglandat GreatMaythamHall—whichhadalargegardenwheresheindulgedherloveforflowers—whereshemadeherhomeforthenextdecade,althoughshecontinuedannualtransatlantictripstotheUnitedStates. MaythamHallresembledafeudalmanorhousewhichenchantedBurnett.In1907,shereturnedpermanentlytotheUnitedStates,havingbecomeacitizenin1905,andshebuiltahome,completedin1908,inthePlandomeParksectionof PlandomeManor onLongIslandoutsideNewYorkCity.HersonVivianwasemployedinthepublishingbusinessandathisrequestsheagreedtobeeditorfor Children'sMagazine.OverthenextseveralyearsshehadpublishedinChildren'sMagazine anumberofshorterworks.In1911shehad TheSecretGarden published.IV.MaincharactersMary:spoiltandwithatemper,sheisunaffectionate,angry,rudeandobstinate. Dickonhasasoftwaywithanimalsandagoodnature.Eagertoabsorbhisgardeningknowledge,Maryletshimintothesecretofthegarden,whichheagreestokeep.Colin:heisthesonofheruncle;hismotherdiedwhenhewasababy,andhesuffersfromanunspecifiedproblemwithhisspine.MaryLennoxisatroubled,sickly,andunloved10-year-oldgirlborninIndiatoselfish,wealthyBritishparents.Sheisprimarilycaredforbyservants,whopacifyherasmuchaspossibletokeepheroutofherparents'way.Shegrowsintoaspoiledandselfishgirl.Eventually,thereisa cholera epidemicinIndiawhichkillsMary'sparentsandalltheservants.Maryisdiscoveredalivebutaloneintheemptyhouse.ShebrieflyliveswithanEnglishclergymanandhisfamilyandisthensentto Yorkshire,England,tolivewithArchibaldCraven,anuncleshehasnevermet,athishomecalledMisselthwaiteManor.PlotsummaryAtfirst,Maryisherusualself,sourandrude,dislikingheruncle'slargehouse,thepeoplewithinit,and,mostofall,thevaststretchofmoor,whichseemsscrubby穷酸,andgreyafterthewinter.Sheistoldthatshemuststayconfinedtohertworoomsandkeepherselfamusedwithoutmuchattention.MarthaSowerby,agood-naturedmaid,tellsMaryastoryofthelateMrs.Cravenandhowshewouldspendhoursinaprivate walledgarden growingroses.Mrs.Cravenfelltoherdeathwhenatreebranchgavewaybeneathher,andthedevastatedMr.Cravenlockedthegardenandburiedthekey.Maryispiqued刺激bythisstoryandherillmannerbeginstosoften.Soon,shecomestoenjoythecompanyofMartha,BenWeatherstaff,thegardener,andafriendly robinredbreast whomsheassignsahumanpersonality.Herappetiteincreasesandshegrowsstrongerassheplaysbyherselfonthemoor.Martha'smotherbuysMaryaskippingropetoencouragethis,andMarytakestoitimmediately.Maryoccupieshertimewonderingaboutboththesecretgardenandthecriesshehearsatnight.Theservantsclaimnottohearthecries.AsMaryisexploringtheperipheryofthegardens,herrobinfrienddrawsherattentiontoanareaofturned-oversoil.Maryfindsthekeytothelockedgarden,andeventuallythedoortothegarden.SheasksMarthaforgardentools,whichMarthasendswithDickon,hertwelve-year-oldbrother.MaryandDickontakealikingtoeachother,asDickonhasakindwaywithanimalsandagoodnature.Eagertoabsorbhisgardeningknowledge,Maryletshiminonthesecretofthegarden.Thatnight,Maryhearsthecryingagain.Shefollowsthenoiseand,tohersurprise,findsasmallboyheragelivinginahiddenbedroom.HisnameisColin.Shesoondiscoversthattheyarecousins:heisthesonofheruncle,hismotherdiedwhenhewasababy,andhesuffersfromanunspecifiedspinalproblem.Maryvisitseverydaythatweek,distractinghimfromhistroubleswithstoriesofthemoor,Dickonandhisanimals,andthegarden.Maryfinallyadmitsshehasaccesstothesecretgarden,andtheydecideColinneedsfreshair.Colinisputintohiswheelchairandbroughtoutsideintothegarden,thefirsttimehehasbeenoutdoorsinyears.Whileinthegarden,thechildrenaresurprisedtoseeBenWeatherstafflookingoverthewallonaladder.StartledandangrytofindthechildrenthereinColin'smother'sgarden,headmitshebelievedColintobeacripple.Colinstandsupfromhischairandfindsthathislegsarefine,thoughweakfromdisuseforsolong.Colinspendseverydayinthegarden.ThechildrenconspiretokeepColin'srecoveringhealthasecretsohecansurprisehisfather,whoistravellingandstillmourninghislatewife.AsColin'shealthimproves,hisfarawayfatherseesacoincidingincreaseinspirits,culminatinginadreamwherehislatewifecallstohimfrominsidethegarden.WhenhereceivesaletterfromMartha'smother,hetakestheopportunitytofinallyreturnhome.Hewalkstheoutergardenwallinhiswife'smemory,buthearsvoicesinside,findsthedoorunlocked,andisshockedtoseethegardeninfullbloom,includinghishealthyandinvigoratedson.Theservantswatch,stunned,asMr.CravenwalksbacktothemanorandColinrunsbesidehim.MajorthemesRejuvenationThegrowthinthegardenandMaryisthebook'scentralsymbol,inspiredinpartbyBurnett'sinterestin MaryBakerEddy'sChristianScience theories.[1] ThesecretgardenatMisselthwaiteManoristhesiteofboththenear-destructionandthesubsequentregenerationofafamily.[2] Usingthegardenmotif,Burnettexploresthehealingpowerinherentinlivingthings.Inaveryliteralsense,MaryLennox"comesalive"ashergardendoes.ThesamegoesforColinandMrCraven.Astheytendtosomethingoutsidetheirownsorrow,theyfindjoyandnewlife.Sensibility识别力Thestoryconstitutesastrugglebetweencommonsenseandtheacceptedwisdomoftheday,inwhichcommonsensewins.Servantsandfatherareseentodoharmbygettingcaughtupinfalseideasthatcomefromthedoctorwhoespousesmedicalpracticesoftheday.Anexcellentsymbolfor"commonEnglishsensibility"isSusanSowerby,DickonandMartha'smother.Sheactsasaopen-armsmotherfigure,onethatismorethanwelcomingofsuchunlovedchildrenasMaryandColin.Sherealizestheimportanceoflaughinginmakingthetwoofthemstronger,butalsotheimportanceoffightingwithoneanotherinordertorealizetheimpacttheirwordshaveonothers.Thechildren,byfollowingherfolkwisdomovercomplicated"science,"arecuredbythefreshsummerair,exercise,laughter,andgoodEnglishsense.PositivethinkingOneofthewaysMaryandColinrecoverfromtheirpastexperiencesisatypeofEnglishpracticalitywhichissomethingthattodaymightbecalledthepowerofpositivethinking andbeliefitcanbringaboutpsychologicalandphysicalhealing.MaryandColinbegintospeakofthe"magic"ofthegarden.Dickoncountersthatthemagicisactually God livingthroughthefieldsandforests.Burnettwasafollowerof ChristianScience,withitsbeliefinGodasalifeforceratherthanaperson. Therearemanybeautifulviewsaroundus.Theyarefreetous.Let’senjoythem.*