牛津译林七年级语法总结

Fourshortwordssumupwhathasliftedmostsuccessfulindividualsabovethecrowd:alittlebitmore.------------------------------------------author------------------------------------------date牛津译林七年级语法总结昊文培训7A期中复习资料昊文培训7A期中复习资料精编PAGE精编PAGE9昊文培训7A期中复习资料精编PAGE7A语法总结一般现在时第一，动词be的三变化amisare.我（I）用am,你（you）用are,is用于他(he)她(she)它(it)，单数名词用is,复数名词都用are句型结构：肯定句：主语+am\is\are…Itisafootball.否定句：主语+am\is\are+not…Itisnotafootball.一般疑问句：Am\Is\Are+主语+其他？Isitafootball?回答Yes,itis.No,itisn’t特殊疑问句：疑问句+am/is/are+主语+其他？What’syourname?用be动词的适当形式填空1、She________mycousin.Hername_______LiJie.2、TomandI________goodfriends3、What_____thisinEnglish？It______abook4、________youJack?Yes,I_______5、What________those?They______hisnotebooks.第二，行为动词的一般现在时行为动词的一般现在时的构成：主语+行为动词+（其他）当主语为第三人称单数（he,she,it）时，谓语动词也要用单数形式。用好一般现在时，时间状态需牢记;主语人称是三单，动词要把-s/-es添；基本用法要记清，状态习惯经常性。行为动词的一般现在时的变化否定句：主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形+其他Idon’tlikebread.Hedoesn’toftenplayfootball.一般疑问句：Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他Doyouoftenplayfootball?Yes,Iam/No,IamnotDoesheoftenplayfootball?Yes,hedoes/No,hedoesn’t3、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句+一般疑问句？Whendoyougotoschool?Igotoschoolatseveno’clock.动词的三单形式的变化：动词三单现在时，一般在词尾加SS,x,ch,sh,在词尾，直接加上-es词尾若是字母o,加上-es不用愁。词尾是“辅音字母+y”,先变y为i,后边再加-es巩固练习：用动词的适当形式填空1.Ilike____________(swim).2.He_________(read)Englisheveryday.3.We_________(go)toschoolatseveninthemorning.4.Mike________(go)toschoolatseveninthemorning.5.Mymother________(like)______(go)shopping.6.Ican________(draw)manybeautifulpictures.7.She_________(make)amodelplane.8.Doyou________(like)_________(run)?9.Doeshe_________(like)_________(jump)?10.DoesNancy_________(grow)flowersonSaturday?11.Theteachers________(like)___________(dance).12.Theteacher________(like)____________(dance).13.Thestudents___________(speak)Englishinclass.14.Thestudent_________(speak)Chineseafterclass.15.Let's____________andplayfootball.(go)二、人称代词人称代词主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。Iamateacher.Youarestudent.Heisastudent,too.We/You/Theyarestudents.人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象。Giveittome.  Let’sgo(let’s=letus)人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit三、物主代词表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，其人称和数的变化见下表。数人称类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs汉语我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他（她、它）们的形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词HYPERLINK"file:///C:\\DOCUME~1\\ADMINI~1\\LOCALS~1\\Temp\\msohtml1\\01\\clip_image001.png"\t"_blank"file:///C:\DOCUME~1\ADMINI~1\LOCALS~1\Temp\msohtml1\01\clip_image001.png而名词性物主代词则相当于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如：Isthisyourbook?No,，itisn’t，it’shers(herbook)Thispenismine.巩固练习：1.__________ismyaunt.Weoftenvisit__________.(she)2.Chinaisadevelopingcountry._________isintheeastofAsia.(its)3.Whatdayis__________today?—__________isThursday.(its)4.WearegoingtoParistostaywithaFrenchfriendof____.(we)5.Iownabluebike.Theredoneisn’t__________.(I)6.Thesenewhousesaresonice.__________areveryexpensive.(them)7.Thefishermencaughtalotoffish,didn’t__________?(them)LingLingisagirl.____studiesinaprimaryschool.______brotherliveswith____andhelps____with______lessons.(she)9.Mikeismyclassmate.____isgoodatEnglish.(his)10.Katewantsaglassofmilk.Willyoupassitto____?(she)11.What’stheweatherliketoday?____iscloudy.(its)12.Iateall____sandwichesyesterday.(I)CanIhaveoneof____?(you)13.Georgehaslost____(his)pen.AskMaryif(是否)shewilllendhim____.(she)14.JackhasadogandsohaveI.____(he)dogand____(I)hadafight(打架).15.Theteacherwantsyoutoreturnthatbookof____(he)四，介词in一般在“上午”“下午”“晚上”，还有时间段，年、月、季节；On指特定的某一天，日期，星期和具体的节日At用在时刻前，还有正午，午夜和表示一段时间的节日巩固练习： Children get gifts ____ Christmas and ____ their birthdays. A. on; on     B. at; on    C. in; in    D. in; on  2.----There is nothing ____tomorrow afternoon, is there? -----No. We can have a game of table tennis.  A. on       B. in      C. out     D. up   3. A lot of students in our school were born____March, 1981. A. in        B. at        C. on      D. since   4. He suddenly returned____ a rainy night. A. on      B. at      C. in      D. during  5. My grandfather was born____Oct. 10, 1935. A. on       B. in       C. at        D. of  6. The train is starting___five minutes. A. in        B. at      C. for       D.still  7. Mike does his exercises ____ seven _____ the evening. A. on; to        B. at; in        C. by; of       D. at; on   Children wake up very early____the morning of Christmas Day. A. in         B. on        C. for       D. at   9. ____ a cold winter morning, I met her in the street. A. In        B. On       C. At       D. For  10 .It happened to be very cold____ the morning of our sports meeting. A. at        B. on        C. with      D. of  11. Why did you get up so early ___ this morning. A. on        B. /        C. at        D. in  12. He went to Shanghai___ September 3rd, 1991 and came back___ a cold morning last year. A. in; on       B. on; in       C. on; on       D. in; in  13. Lucy was born____ the night of May 12, 1984. . ... A. on          B. in         C. at         D. to  14. Mrs. Brown came to China ____ 1996A.on         B. of         C. to,        D. in  15 ___ the morning of November 20, 1915, the workers came to Chicago to show their mourning of Joe Hill. A. On        B. In         C. On       D. At五、频度副词从频率最大到频率最小依次为：always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never.对频率副词提问要用howoften巩固练习：1.-DoesAliceoftenworkuntil2a.m.?-No,she________does.A.nearlyB.certainlyC.seldomD.always2.–Ididn’tknowyoutakeabustoschool.-Oh,I______takeabus,butitissnowingtoday.A.hardlyB.neverC.sometimesD.usually3.-Wereyouoftenlateforschoollastterm,Tom?-No,_______.Igottoschoolearlyeveryday.A.AlwaysB.UsuallyC.SometimesD.Never4.–Howoftendoyougotoaconcert?-_______ever.I’mnotinterestedinthatatall.A.UsuallyB.HardlyC.Almost5.-Johnsingssowell.Hasheeverbeentrained?-No.Helearnsallbyhimself.He________goestoanytrainingclass.A.usuallyB.oftenC.neverD.even6.–MissGaoisverypopularwithherstudents.-Yes.Herclassesare______livelyandinteresting.A.seldomB.neverC.sometimesD.always7.Wearegoingtohaveaparty________nextweek.A.sometimeB.sometimeC.sometimesD.sometimes8.Sandyissocarefulthatshe________makesmistakesinherhomework.A.usuallyB.seldomC.oftenD.Always9.—Pleasedrive______whenyoupassaschool.—OK.A.nearlyB.earlyC.slowlyD.really10.—HaveyoueverbeentoDisneyland?—No,______.IhopeIcangotherenextyear.A.alwaysB.sometimesC.neverD.often11.—Howoftendothestudentsplaysports?A.TwiceadayB.SincelastnightC.FortwohoursD.Amonthago12.IplaybasketballeverydaybecauseIwanttoplayas______asYaoMing.A.wellB.betterC.best13.Mikehurthisbackseriouslyandcan_____getoutofbedwithouthelp.A.quicklyB.easilyC.nearlyD.hardly14.—Didyougotothecinematosee3DTitaniclastnight?—No,Igotothecinema.Theticketsaretooexpensive.hardlyB.nearlyC.stillD.Only15.—Howoftendoyouexercise?—ever.BecauseIamverybusywithmywork.A.HardlyB.NearlyC.AlwaysD.Almost六、特殊疑问句语法：特殊疑问句定义：特殊疑问句是用来对句子的某一部分提问的疑问句，以疑问词开头结构：特殊疑问句的基本结构疑问词+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语动词特殊疑问词分类：疑问代词有：what（什么）,which（哪一个）,who（谁）,whose（谁的）疑问副词有：where（哪里）,when（什么时候）,why（为什么）,how（怎么样）疑问词还可以与某些单词搭配，构成疑问词短语，如：whattime（什么时间）,whatcolour（什么颜色）,howmany（多少）,howmuch（多少，多少钱）howlong（多长）,howoften（多久一次）,howold（几岁）,howtall（多高）巩固练习：Theyboughtanewbikeyesterday.____________________________________________________Sheismyteacher.____________________________________________________Itismycoat.____________________________________________________Igetupatsix.____________________________________________________IamfromHubei.____________________________________________________IwenttoschoollatebecauseIgotuplate.____________________________________________________7.TheyboyunderthetreeisJack.____________________________________________________8.TheyellowcatisSammy?____________________________________________________9.Therearesixboxesonthedesk?____________________________________________________10.Itiswindy._____________________________________________________11.Therearesixboxesonthedesk?____________________________________________________12.Mybagisred.______________________________________________________13.ThebookisLiHua’s.______________________________________________________15.Theyarefiveyuan.______________________________________________________八，冠词的用法定冠词a，an的用法元音因素前用“an”anhour一个小时ausefulbook一本有用的 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 巩固练习：1. I read ______story. It is ______interesting story.   A. a, an          B. a, a          C. the, the          D. /, an  Britain is __ European country and China is ___ Asian country.   A. an, an         B. a, a          C. a, an            D. an, a 3. ______China is _____ old country with _____ long history.   A. The, an, a      B. The, a, a       C. /, an, the        D. /, an, a 4. _____elephant is bigger than ______ horse.   A. /, /            B. an, a          C. An, a           D. /, the 5. We always have ______rice for ______lunch.   A. /, /            B. the, /          C. /, a            D. the, the  It took me ______ hour and _____ half to finish ______ work.   A. a, a, a          B. an, a, a        C. an, a, the       D. an, a, / 7. ______ doctor told me to take ______ medicine three times ______day, stay in _____bed, then I would be better soon.   A. /, a, a, the       B. A, the, the, /     C. The, the, a, /    D. A, /, a, /  There is ____ picture on ____ wall. I like ____ picture very much.   A. a, the, the       B. a, the, a       C. the, a, a        D. a, an, the 9. January is ______first month of the year.   A. a              B. /             C. an            D. the 10. Shut _____door, please.   A. a              B. an            C. the            D./ 11. Einstein won _____ Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921.   A. a               B. an           C. the            D. / 12. What ____ fine day it is today! Let's go to the Summer Palace.   A. a               B. an            C. the           D. /  I like music, but I don't like ____ music of that TV play.    a               B. an            C. the           D. / 14. ____ girl over there is ____ English teacher.   A. The, an          B. A, /           C. The, /         D. A, a 15. It's ____ exciting way to shop on the Net.   A. a               B. an             C. the           D. / 七，不定代词的运用Some用于肯定句any用于一般疑问句和否定句巩固练习：用some和any填空.       I have _____________good friends in my class.       Is there ____________water in the bottle ?       Do you have ____________________money ? They don’t have ______________time to go there. There are ________________cakes on the table.I don’t have __________________milk for breakfast. Does he have ______________brothers or sisters ?There aren’t _____________pictures on the wall. 9.Can I ask ____________________questions ? 10.  Are there ________flowers in you classroom ?  No, there aren’t _________. 11.  We have ____________apples, but we don’t have ____________pears. 12.  Is there __________orange juice in the fridge ? Yes, there is ____________. 13.  I can speak ____________English, but I can’t speak ___________Russian. 14.  Do they have ____________color pencil ? No, they don’t have ___________. 15.  There isn’t ____________meat at home. I must go and buy ____________. Thereis+可数名词单数/不可数名词Thereare+可数名词复数形式巩固练习：There______anyriceinthebowl.A.areB.IsC.isn’tD.aren’t2.There______manyapplesonthetreelastyear.A.havebeenB.wereC.areD.is3.There______afilmtomorrowevening.A.willhaveB.haveC.isgoingtobeD.has4.Thereissomemilkinthebottle,______?A.isn’tthereB.aren’tthereC.isn’titD.arethere5.howmanyboys______thereintheClassOne?A.beB.isC.areD.am6.There______alotofgoodnewsintoday’snewspaper.A.isB.areC.wasD.were7.There______pencil-box,andsomeflowersonthedesk.A.isaB.aresomeC.hasaD.havesome8.There______anappleandtenbananasinthebasket.A.areB.isC.hasD.have9.______anyflowersonbothsidesofthestreet?A.IsthereB.ArethereC.HasD.Have10.Thereislittlewaterntheglass,______?A.isn’tthereB.isn’titC.isitD.isthere11.Whatdidyouseeinthebasketthen?There______abottleoforangeandsomeoranges.A.isB.areC.wasD.were12.______isthereonthetable?A.HowmanyapplesB.HowmuchbreadC.HowmuchbreadsD.Howmanyfood.There______somethingwrongwithourclassroom.A.areB.hasC.isD.haveThereissome______onthetable.A.appleB.orangeC.cakeD.sandwich15.Thereislittlewaterintheglass,______?A.isn’tthereB.isn’titC.isitD.isthere八、现在进行时1.定义：现在进行时表示正在发生或进行的动作。2.标志词：(1)时间状语now、atthemoment(2)句前有提示词look、listen、lookat…3.谓语动词的构成：be+动词-ing4.动词-ing的构成规则规则原形-ing形式一般在动词原形末尾加-ingwashcatchwatchwashingcatchingwatching以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加-ingmaketakeridemakingtakingriding以重读闭音节（辅元辅）结尾的动词，双写末尾辅音，再加-ingsitputgetsittingputtinggetting以ie结尾的动词，先把ie变成y再加-inglietiedielyingtyingdying注意：see-seeingdraw-drawinglisten-listening现在分词构成口诀现在分词很好记，动词后缀-ing。直接加、去e加、双写加。还有一点要注意ie要用y来替。现在进行时用法口诀主语在前be在后，现在分词跟着走，其他成分不可丢。变一般很简单，把be提到句子前，否定句也不难，be后要把not添。还有一点要注意，动作提问doing替。巩固练习：1._____friend'smaking______akite.(A)I,me(B)My,my(C)My,me(D)His,his2.Isthewoman______yellowyourteacher?(A)in(B)puttingon(C)wearing(D)having3.Look!Thetwins_____theirmotherdothehousework.(A)arewanting(B)help(C)arehelping(D)arelooking翰林汇4._____arethebirdsdoing?Theyaresinginginatree.(A)Who(B)What(C)How(D)Where5.Isshe____something?(A)eat(B)eating(C)eatting(D)eats6.Theyare_____theirclothes.(A)makeing(B)putting(C)putaway(D)puttingon7.Listen!She____intheclassroom.(A)issinging(B)sing(C)tosing(D)issing8.TodayJim______hiswhiteshirtandbrowntrousers.(A)isputtingon(B)wear(C)puton(D)iswearing9.______areyoueating?I'meating______meat.(A)What,some(B)Which,any(C)Where,not(D)What,a10.They______TVintheevening.Theydotheirhomework.(A)arewatching(B)can'twatching(C)don'twatch(D)don'twatching11.Thechildren_____football.(A)isplaying(B)areplaying(C)playthe(D)playa12.Theyareflyingkites.(A)他们喜欢放风筝.(B)他们在放风筝吗?(C)他们在放风筝.(D)他们常放风筝.13.Herearemanybooks.Please_____them.(A)look(B)write(C)count(D)taking14.Look,Theyareswimmingintheriver.Iwant_____you.(A)togowith(B)gowith(C)helping(D)help15.Look.Lucyis_____anewbiketoday.(A)jumping(B)running(C)riding(D)taking