E英语教程4 Unit 7

ListeningandspeakingReadingGrammarWritingCultureexpressContent Pronunciationandlisteningskills Conversations PassageListeningandspeakingListeningforthemainideaoflecturesListentoapassageandmatcheachcausewithitsdirecteffect. Tips 在讲座中，发言人一般会首先点明主题及 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 结构。抓住并理解这一部分信息对于理解整个讲座帮助很大。发言人一般会用特定的标志性语言去介绍这一部分信息，如：I’mgoingtotalkabout/explain/describe…,firstly/then/finally。对于这些标志性语言引出的信息要格外留意。点击左上角的“Unit1”的左半部和右半部可以前后翻页。点击“？”按钮可以打开更多的“tips”。展示答案请点击右下角的“钥匙”按钮，点击“扫把”按钮可以清空答案。*ListeningforthemainideaoflecturesListentoapassageandmatcheachcausewithitsdirecteffect.howtodevelophealthyeatinghabitswhatawell-balanceddietisthe“HealthyDietPyramid”somegoodeatinghabitsIntroducethetopicExplainthestructureofthelectureTodayI’mgoingtotalkabout1)______________________________________. Firstly,I’mgoingtoexplain2)____________________________. Then,I’lltalkabout3)____________________________. Finally,I’llintroduce4)____________________________.*ScriptsGoodmorningeveryone,welcometoourregularlectureonhealthissues.TodayI’mgoingtotalkabouthowtodevelophealthyeatinghabits.Firstly,I’mgoingtoexplainwhatawell-balanceddietis.Isyourdietbalanced?Canyougetallthenecessaryvitaminsyourbodyneeds?ThenI’lltalkaboutthe“HealthyDietPyramid,”whichcanbeveryhelpfulforyoutojudgewhetheryouareeatingtherightfoodintherightamount.Finally,I’llintroducesomegoodeatinghabitstoyou.Ihopemylecturecanbehelpfultoyou.Listeningforthemainideaoflectures*Conversations Conversation1 Conversation2FunctionallanguageExercisesExercisesFunctionallanguage*3.DoesthemansuggestthatMaggietakethejoboffer?1.HasMaggiedecidedwhattodoaftergraduation?1. Listentoaconversationandanswerthequestionswith“yes”(Y)or“no”(N).NNConversation1–Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes2.IsthereanopeningintheMusicDepartment?Y Wordtips openingn.空缺的职位tougha.困难的；棘手的点击右下角的“ABC”按钮可以查看录音 原文 少年中国说原文俱舍论原文大医精诚原文注音大学原文和译文对照归藏易原文 。*2. Listenagainandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions.Conversation1–Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes1WhydidMaggiewanttogoabroadinthebeginning?ATodosometraveling.BTofurtherherstudies.CTogetabetterjob.2What’sMaggie’sdream?ATobeamusician.BTostudyabroad.CTobeamusicteacher.✔✔*2. Listenagainandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions.Conversation1–Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes3WhydoesthemansuggestthatMaggiestudyabroad?AInordertobebetterpreparedforthefuturejob.BInordertomakemoremoney.CInordertogainfame.✔*ScriptsConversation1–Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes Tony: Hi,Maggie.Haveyoudecidedtogoabroadaftergraduation? Maggie: Notyet. Tony: Why?Acoupleofdaysago,youtoldmethatyouwerealmostdeterminedtogooverseasinordertocontinueyourstudies. Maggie: Yes,butI’mfacingadilemmanow. Tony: What’sup? Maggie: Youknow,I’vebeenplanningtostudyabroad.ButI’vejustbeeninformedthatthereisanopeningintheMusicDepartment.They’veofferedittome.Sonow…*ScriptsConversation1–Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes Tony: Well,Iseewhatyoumean.It’sreallyatoughdecision. Maggie: Yes,goabroadortakethisoffer,it’shardtochoose. Tony: Well,Ithinkitdependsonwhatyoureallywanttodowithyourlife. Maggie: Mydreamistobeamusicteacher,butIalsowanttostudyabroad.That’stheproblem!Canyougivemesomesuggestions? Tony: IfIwereyou,IwouldchoosetostudyabroadsothatIcouldbebetterpreparedformyfuturejob.*3. Role-playaconversationinpairsaccordingtooneofthefollowingsituations.YoumayrefertotheFunctionalLanguage.(Sample)(Sample)Conversation1–Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes Situation1 Bplanstocontributeallthescholarshiphe/shehaswontothechildreninruralareas.A,areporterfromtheschoolradiostation,interviewsB. Situation2 Bwantstovolunteerhis/herservicesinruralareasasaPEteacheraftergraduation.A,areporterfromtheschoolnewspaper,interviewsB.*3. Role-playaconversationinpairsaccordingtooneofthefollowingsituations.YoumayrefertotheFunctionalLanguage.Conversation1–Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes GUIDEDCONVERSATION A:AskifBhasmadeadecisiononthecontributionofthescholarship/volunteerwork.B:Sayyes.A:ExpressadmirationandaskwhyBmakessuchachoice.B:TellAyourpurpose.A:Askifthereareotherreasons.B:TellAyourotheraims.B:Showadmirationagain.*Roleplay-SampleconversationSituation1Conversation1–Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes Elsa: Hi,Anna.I’mElsa,areporterfromtheschoolradiostation. Anna: Hi,Elsa.Nicetomeetyou! Elsa: So,Ihaveheardthatyou’vemadeadecisionthatyouaregoingtocontributeallyourscholarshiptothechildreninruralareas.Isthattrue? Anna: Yes,itis. Elsa: That’sveryimpressive.Couldyoupleasetelluswhyyoumakesuchachoice? Anna: I’velearnedthatmanychildrenintheruralareasareobligedtodiscontinuetheirstudiesbecauseofpoverty.Idecidetodonatemyscholarshipsothatitmayhelpsomeofthemtogobacktoschool.*Roleplay-SampleconversationSituation1Conversation1–Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes Elsa: Arethereanyotherreasonsforyoutomakethisdecision? Anna: Ihavealwaysbeenthinkingabouthelpingpeopleinneed.Inthefuture,ifitispossibleIwouldliketohelpmorechildrentocontinuetheirstudy. Elsa: Wow.You’resogreat.Thankyouverymuch.*Roleplay-SampleconversationSituation2Conversation1–Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes Peter: HiSam.WelearnedthatyouwanttovolunteeryourservicesinruralareasasaPEteacheraftergraduation.Haveyoumadeyourdecision? Sam: Yes,Ihave. Peter: Wearesoproudofyou.Canyoutelluswhatmakesyoudecidetodothevolunteerwork? Sam: Well,theteachingconditionsinsomeruralareasarelaggingfarbehind.Therearen’tenoughPEteachers.Iwanttoteachtheretoenrichthechildren’sschoollife. Peter: Arethereanyotherreasonsforyoutomakethischoice? Sam: Yes.Ithinkitisalsoanopportunitytoimprovemyselfandenrichmylife. Peter: Wereallyadmireyourcourage.Thankyouforbeingwithusforthisinterview.*FunctionalLanguageConversation1–Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes …inorder(not)to……sothat……for/withthepurposeof……withtheintentionof…*1. Listentoaconversationandcompletethefollowingtablewithwhatyouhear.Conversation2–Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes Wordtips crouchv.蹲下；蹲伏powerline电力线；输电线overpassn.天桥；立交桥aftershockn.（地震的）余震*1. Listentoaconversationandcompletethefollowingtablewithwhatyouhear.Conversation2–TalkingaboutaimsandpurposesGetunderaninsidecornerStayawayfromWhattodoifanearthquaketakesplacehighbuildingsanopenplaceavoidparking 1)____________astrongpieceoffurniture. Crouchin2)__________________. 3)_______________windowsoranythingheavythatcanfallonyou Find4)_____________andstayawayfrom5)____________andpowerlines. Stopyourcarassoonaspossible,but6)____________underbridgesoroverpasses. Ifyou’reindoors Ifyou’reoutdoors Ifyou’redriving*2. Listenagainandcheck(✔)whatyoushoulddoafteranearthquakeaccordingtowhatyouhear.Conversation2–Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes3.Leavethehouseimmediatelyifyousmellgas.1.Checkwater,gas,andelectriclinesfordamage.✔✔2.Checkpowerlines.4.Stayoutofdamagedbuildings.✔✘*ScriptsConversation2–Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes John: Intoday’sprogram,let’stalkaboutwhattodoifanearthquaketakesplace. Kate: Yes,Ibelievesuchaprogramcouldbeveryhelpfultoeveryone. John: Definitely.So,whentheearthquakehappens,whatwillyoudoifyou’reindoors,Kate? Kate: I’llgetunderastrongpieceoffurnitureorcrouchinaninsidecornersoastoprotectmyself. John: That’sright.Butyoumuststayawayfromwindowsoranythingheavythatcanfallonyou.Thenifyou’reoutdoors,whatwillyoudo? Kate: Well,I’llfindanopenplaceandstayawayfromhighbuildingsandpowerlines.*ScriptsConversation2–Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes John: Yeah.Whatelse? Kate: IfI’mdriving,I’llstopmycarassoonaspossible,butavoidparkingunderbridgesoroverpasses. John: Good!Thendoyouknowwhattodoafteranearthquake? Kate: Weshouldcheckwater,gas,andelectriclinesfordamage.Ifwesmellgas,weshouldopenallthewindowsanddoors,andleaveimmediately,soasnottocauseanaccident. John: Exactly.Besides,forthesakeofsafety,weshouldstayoutofdamagedbuildings.Rememberthataftershocksgenerallyfollowlargequakes. Kate: That’sgoodadvice.Ihopetheaudiencecanlearnsomethingfromourprogram!*3. Role-playaconversationinpairsaccordingtooneofthefollowingsituations.YoumayrefertotheFunctionalLanguage.(Sample)(Sample)Conversation2–Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes Situation1 AasksBabouthowtosurviveinafire. Situation2 AasksB,his/herPEteacher,howtoavoidinjurywhentakingintensephysicalexercise.*3. Role-playaconversationinpairsaccordingtooneofthefollowingsituations.YoumayrefertotheFunctionalLanguage.Conversation2–Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes GUIDEDCONVERSATION A:AskBwhatmeasuresshouldbetakenincaseoffire/toavoidinjurywhentakingintensephysicalexercise.B:TellAthefirstthingtodoandthepurposeofdoingso.A:Askifthereareotherthingsyoushouldpayattentionto.B:Introduceoneormorewaystosurviveinfire/avoidinjury.A:Askwhy.B:TellAthepurposeofdoingso.A:Showthanks.*Roleplay-SampleconversationSituation1Conversation2–Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes Eric: Hi,Dave.Haveyouheardaboutthenewsthatahotelindowntownwasonfirelastnight? Dave: Yes.Someguestsweresofrightenedthattheytriedtojumpoutofthewindowfromthefifthfloor.Luckily,thefirefightersgotthereintimeandnoonewasinjured. Eric: Doyouknowwhatmeasuresshouldbetakenifafirebreaksout? Dave: Well,themostimportantthingistostaycalm.Takethestairstoexitthebuildingbecausetheelevatormightgetpoweroutage. Eric: Arethereotherthingsweshouldpayattentionto?*Roleplay-SampleconversationSituation1Conversation2–Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes Dave: Staylowtothegroundasyoumove. Eric: Whyshouldwedothat? Dave: Thesmokecontainspoisonousgases.Itwillgoupintotheceilingbeforecomingdown.Youcancoveryourmouthwithawettowelorawetclothsoasnottotakeinthesmoke. Eric: Thankyouforyourgreatadvice.*Roleplay-SampleconversationSituation2Conversation2–Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes Jeff: Mr.Blake,couldyoupleasetellmewhatmeasuresshouldbetakentoavoidinjurywhentakingintensephysicalexercise? Mr.Blake: Sure.Thewarm-upisthemostimportantandsignificantwaytoreducethelikelihoodofinjurywhenparticipatinginsports. Jeff: WhatelseshouldIpayattentionto? Mr.Blake: Forsomesports,protectiveequipmentisimportanttopreventdamagetoparticipants. Jeff: Isee.Thisisparticularlyimportantwhenthesportoractivityinvolvesphysicalcontactwithotherplayersandparticipants,right?*Roleplay-SampleconversationSituation2Conversation2–Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes Mr.Blake: That’scorrect.Justasitisimportanttowarmupproperly,itisalsoessentialthatyoucooldownsufficientlyafterphysicalactivity. Jeff: Why? Mr.Blake: Thishelpstopreventstiffnessofthemusclesafterexercising,andallowsyourmusclestorecoversteadilyfromphysicalactivity. Jeff: Gotit.Thankyouverymuch.*Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes…soas(not)to……forthesakeof……incase……forfearthat/of…FunctionalLanguageConversation2–Talkingaboutaimsandpurposes*1. Listentoapassageandcompletethefollowingtablewithwhatyouhear.Passage Wordtips flashmob快闪pointlessadj.没有目的的；无意义的*1. Listentoapassageandcompletethefollowingtablewithwhatyouhear.PassagetextmessagessocialnetworksalargenumberofTheflashmobstrangersunusualpointless Itisorganizedinsecretthroughe-mail,1)______________,or2)____________. Itisagatheringof3)__________________________whomeettogetherforashorttimetodosomethingthatisboth4)_________and5)_________.EuropeNewYorkCity Flashmobsarereportedtohavestartedin6)_______________. Somesaythefirstflashmobsappearedin7)_________. Whatisaflashmob? Wheredidtheflashmobstart?*2. Listenagainanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).Passage1.Peopleatflashmobsdosomethingtogetherforsomespecialpurposes.F2.Flashmobbingisconsideredbysomepeopleasaformofperformanceart.T*2. Listenagainanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).Passage3.Flashmobbersgathertogetherquicklylikeaflash.Afterfinishingthetask,theyleaveslowly.4.Flashmobbersmaybuydifferentproductsinastoreorsingdifferentsongsatthesametimeonthestreet.FF*Doyouknowwhataflashmobis?Well,aflashmobisagatheringofalargenumberofstrangers,organizedinsecretthroughe-mail,socialnetworks,ortextmessages.Theymeettogetherforashorttimetodosomethingthatisbothunusualandpointless.Flashmobbersdoitjusttohavesomefunortofeelasenseofbelonging,andsomeconsideritaformofperformanceart.Whatdopeopledoatflashmobs?Flashmobbersinastoremayallaskforthesameproduct.Onthestreet,theymayallsingthesamesong,orshoutmeaninglesswords,hugeachother,ormakesomekindofnoiseatthesametime.Then,justasquicklyastheycome,theyleave.Itallhappensinaflash.FlashmobsarereportedtohavestartedinNewYorkCity.ButsomesaythefirstonesappearedinEurope.Howevertheygotstarted,flashmobshavebecomepopulararoundtheworld.So,areyoureadytojoinaflashmob?ScriptsPassage*3. Workingroupstodesignaflashmob.Theneachgroupchoosesarepresentativetoreportyourplantotheclass.Thenthewholeclassvoteforthemostinterestingone.PassageTheplanshouldincludethefollowingaspects:1.What’syourpurposeoforganizingit?2.Thedetailedplan: •Time •Place •Whattodo •Requirements 3. Howwillyouorganizeit? *3. Workingroupstodesignaflashmob.Theneachgroupchoosesarepresentativetoreportyourplantotheclass.Thenthewholeclassvoteforthemostinterestingone.Passage1.What’syourpurposeoforganizingit? Purpose:Tocallonpeopletoprotectenvironmentandliveahealthierlife.2.Thedetailedplan: Time:9:30nextSunday Place:thestreetinfrontof thebotanicalgarden Whattodo:Firsttoshouttogether“Protecttheenvironment!Protectourselves!”,thensingthesongMyLove. *3. Workingroupstodesignaflashmob.Theneachgroupchoosesarepresentativetoreportyourplantotheclass.Thenthewholeclassvoteforthemostinterestingone.Passage2.Thedetailedplan: Requirements:Theeventwilllastabout5minutes.Theparticipantsshouldknowtheprocessoftheevent.Toprotectthesecrecyoftheevent,participantsaren’ttoldexactlywhattheflashmobissupposedtodountiljustbeforetheeventhappens.Oncetheeventisover,theparticipantsarenotallowedtotalktothecrowd.Theyneedtoleavequicklyasifnothinghadevertakenplace.*3. Workingroupstodesignaflashmob.Theneachgroupchoosesarepresentativetoreportyourplantotheclass.Thenthewholeclassvoteforthemostinterestingone.Passage3.Howwillyouorganizeit? Choosealeader.Usephone,e-mailortextmessagetofindwillingperformerstoparticipateintheflashmob.Askourfriendsorfamilyifthey’dliketobeapartofit.Stayinregularcontactwithparticipantsbeforeandafter theflashmob,andsendoutinstructionsaboutwhattowearandwhereandwhentomeet.* PassageA PassageBSubsidizedinthecityStreetartReading*Subsidizedinthecity Lead-in Textstudy ExercisesPassageA*Lead-in Videoappreciation Pre-readingquestionsPassageA–Subsidizedinthecity*Lead-in-VideoappreciationPassageA–Subsidizedinthecity*1.Aftergraduation,whichcitywillyouprefertoworkandlivein?Why? PassageA–SubsidizedinthecityPre-readingquestionsWorkingroupstodiscussthefollowingquestions. 1.IprefertoworkandliveinShanghai,fortherearemany bigbusinessesandjointventuresthere,whichmeanmorejobopportunities.Inbigbusinessesandjointventures,I’mlikelytomakemoremoney,whichwillpromiseabetterlife.Imayalsoacquiremorechancesoftrainingabroad.AnotherreasonisthattherearelatestfashionsinShanghai,whichareattractivetome. 2.Whatdoyouthinkthepassageisaboutaccordingtoitstitle?*1.Aftergraduation,whichcitywillyouprefertoworkandlivein?Why? PassageA–SubsidizedinthecityPre-readingquestionsWorkingroupstodiscussthefollowingquestions. 2.IwillnotaskmyparentsforfinancialsupportafterIgetajob.IthinkgettingajobmeansIamabletosupportmyselffinancially.Myparentshavespentenoughonmyeducation.WhenIgetajob,IwillfeelashamedifIstillaskthemformoney.2.Willyoustillaskyourparentsforfinancialsupportafteryougetajob?Whyorwhynot?*1.Aftergraduation,whichcitywillyouprefertoworkandlivein?Why? PassageA–SubsidizedinthecityPre-readingquestionsWorkingroupstodiscussthefollowingquestions. 2.It’shardtosaywhetherIcanrefusemyparents’financialsupportafterIgetajob,especiallyinthefirstfewyears.Mostprobably,Iwillworkinanothercityinsteadofmyhometown,whichmeansIhavetopayfortherentbesidesthebasiclivingcosts.Astheincomemaynotbeenoughtocoverallthesecosts,so,Imaystilldependontheirfinancialsupport,butitwillnotlastforalongtime.2.Willyoustillaskyourparentsforfinancialsupportafteryougetajob?Whyorwhynot?*Textstudy Organizationofthetext Languagepoints TextreadingPassageA–Subsidizedinthecity*PassageASubsidizedinthecityFortherecentcollegegraduates,livinginNewYork,thecityofdreamsandopportunity,isnoeasyfeat.Astwentysomethings,wesacrificehavingsavingsofanykindtosurviveinacitythatpromisessomuchsocialandculturaldiversity.Afterall,whenthebrightlightsofthebigcitycall,whocanrefuse?Forthosewhocraveurbanlivingatitsbest,NewYorkisasiren,singinganirresistiblyenticingsong—Untilyouareluredinandbeforeyouknowit,80%ofyoursalaryhasbeenspentonrent._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________按图标S只显示需讲解的句子超链接；按图标W只显示需讲解的词汇和短语超链接；按扫帚图标清除所有超链接标记。按上箭头回到上一层。*PassageASubsidizedinthecityIalwaysknewIwouldendupinNewYork.Afterathree-month,rent-free,andlow-costlivinginanuncle’sapartmentaftercollege,Ihadsavedenoughmoneytorenouncefurtherfinancialassistancefrommyparents.IfIwaseverinaseriousfinancialsituation,Iknewtheywouldofferhelp,butafter10yearsofprivate-schooleducationontheirdime,Ididn’twanttocomecrawlingbackforanallowance.Besides,wasn’tthatthepointofmyexpensiveeducation—toadequatelypreparemetotakeontheworldandsupportmyself?Financialindependencemeanssocialfreedomandabsolutecontrolovermyownlife.Yetamongmypeers,Iseemtobetheonlyonewhofeelsthisway.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________*PassageASubsidizedinthecityWhy?Becausethemajorityofthemreceivesomesortoffinancialassistancefromtheirparentsandfewsaytheywanttochangeanythingaboutthewaytheylive.One25-year-oldfriendwhoseparentspayformorethanhalfherrentaswellasgiveherpocketmoneydeniedtheideaofcompromisingherlifestyleforfinancialindependence.Another,a22-year-oldwhogetsaportionofherrentpaidbyMomandDad,admittedshewouldbewillingtocutbackon“superfluousspending,”butwasreluctanttomoveoutofManhattanandintoamoreaffordableboroughlikeBrooklynorQueens._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*PassageASubsidizedinthecityHigherrentsandtheneedfordeeperpocketsareanacceptedfactofcityliving.Urbanpricingaside,itispossibletoliveinanycityregardlessofyourageorincome,foritjusttakesalittlebudgetingandprioritizing.Surrenderingtolifestyleflexibilitymaybeunwelcome,butsometimesit’snecessary.Anyway,it’seasyto“keepupwiththeJoneses”whenfinancialresponsibilityissomeoneelse’sproblem.Thefactis,mypeerswhofloodoutofdesignerstores,armsadornedwithshoppingbags,wouldn’tbeabletoaffordtheirpurchaseswithoutringingupamassivecreditcarddebt.Bycontinuingtoprovidefortheirgrown-upkids,parentshindertheirchildren’sabilitytobefinanciallyresponsible._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*PassageASubsidizedinthecityIt’snotjustManhattanwhereI’venoticedthisphenomenon.AChicagoacquaintancewaspromisedanapartmentasagraduationgift;aBostonfriendreceivesahandsomesumofmonthlysubsidy.Thestakesarehighinacity,whichiswhymanyyoungpeoplefeeltheneedtocompetewitheachother.Butwhenparentalfinancialaidsarenotonlyofferedbutexpected,whatisourgenerationlearningaboutlivingonitsown?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*PassageASubsidizedinthecity6.It’sdisturbingwhen“adults”don’thavetheircreditcardslinkedtotheirownaccountsforfearofoverspending.Afriendconfessedtomethatshedidn’tneedtobuildcredit.Iftheneedforaloaneverarises,shetoldme,shecangotoherparentsor,asshesecretlyhopes,ahusbandwhowilltakecareofit.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*PassageASubsidizedinthecity7.At25,I’mstillquestioningwhatitmeanstobeanadult.ButIknowthatpartofitmeanshavingthefinancialindependencetoneverhavetorelyonmyparentsformydecision-making.Thisisindicativeofasortofsocialindependenceaswell.IfIwanttoplanavacationhalfwayaroundtheworld,Ido,andnoonecantellmeotherwise,becauseIamdependingonmyownmeanstogetthere.IcanlivewhereverIwantbecauseIampayingmyownrent.Financialindependencehasallowedmeabsolutecontrolovermyownlife—anundeniablyliberatingfeeling._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*PassageASubsidizedinthecity8.Thereissomethingtobesaidforwritingyourownrentcheckandknowingyou’vemanagedtolivecomfortablyonyourownterms.ShoppingfreelyonMomandDad’screditcardmayhaveitsmomentaryappeal,buttheadultpartofmebelievesthatworkingforwhatIhaveismuchmorerewardingthanbeinghandeditonasilverplatter.AndIhavemyownmomanddadtothankforthat._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*PassageA–WehaveplantedmorethanagardenOrganizationofthetextPartI(Para.______)StructurePartIII(Para.______)16-8Youngpeoplecan’trefuseNewYork,butlivingthereisnoeasyfeat.IbelieveworkingforwhatIhaveismuchmorerewarding.PartII(Para.______)2-5Manyyoungpeopleliveonparentalfinancialaid.*PassageA–WehaveplantedmorethanagardenFortherecentcollegegraduates,livinginNewYork,thecityofdreamsandopportunity,isnoeasyfeat.对于刚毕业的大学生来说，生活在纽约这个充满梦想和机会的城市，一点也不轻松。isnoeasyfeat:他根本不是一个学者。Heisnoscholar.isno+述语名词/形容词=决不是…(Line1,Para.1)c.f.Heisnotascholar.他不是学者(,而是…)。他显出了相当大的本事。Heshowednosmallskill.*PassageA–WehaveplantedmorethanagardenFortherecentcollegegraduates,livinginNewYork,thecityofdreamsandopportunity,isnoeasyfeat.(Line1,Para.1)c.f.Thereisno＋动名词:丝毫不可能,简直没办法他说的话是无可否认的。Thereisnodenyinghistale.*PassageA–WehaveplantedmorethanagardenForthosewhocraveurbanlivingatitsbest,NewYorkisasiren,singinganirresistiblyenticingsong…对于那些极度渴望城市生活的人来说，纽约就是古希腊神话中的女海妖塞壬，唱着诱人的歌曲，令人无法拒绝siren:塞壬（古希腊传说中半人半鸟的女海妖，惯以美妙的歌声引诱水手，使他们的船只或触礁或驶入危险水域）;(Line7,Para.1)处于最佳状态一些作家在按 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 写作时是处于最佳状态的。Somewritersareattheirbestwhenworkingtoaplan.atone’sbest:*PassageA–WehaveplantedmorethanagardenBesides,wasn’tthatthepointofmyexpensiveeducation—toadequatelypreparemetotakeontheworldandsupportmyself?而且，我接受昂贵教育的目的不就是让我做好充分的准备，承担起整个世界并养活自己吗？(Line9,Para.2)代词that在句中指代toadequatelypreparemetotakeontheworldandsupportmyself。*PassageA–WehaveplantedmorethanagardenOne25-year-oldfriendwhoseparentspayformorethanhalfherrentaswellasgiveherpocketmoneydeniedtheideaofcompromisingherlifestyleforfinancialindependence.我的一个朋友已经 25 岁了，她的父母给她付一半以上的房租，还给她零用钱。她不愿意为了经济独立而在生活方式上作出任何让步。夏天不好过，冬天也不好过。Itisunpleasantinsummeraswellasinwinter.(Line3,Para.3)aswellas:1)andinaddition既…又…*PassageA–WehaveplantedmorethanagardenOne25-year-oldfriendwhoseparentspayformorethanhalfherrentaswellasgiveherpocketmoneydeniedtheideaofcompromisingherlifestyleforfinancialindependence.他的书是他自己印刷出版的。Hepublishesaswellasprintshisownbooks.(Line3,Para.3)aswellas:2)连接两个谓语动词时，它们的时态应保持一致。我们在粉刷墙壁的同时也在修理屋顶。Wearerepairingtheroofaswellaspaintingthewalls.*PassageA–WehaveplantedmorethanagardenAnother,a22-year-oldwhogetsaportionofherrentpaidbyMomandDad,admittedshewouldbewillingtocutbackon“superluousspending,”butwasreluctanttomoveoutofManhattanandintoamoreaffordableboroughlikeBrooklynorQueens.我的另一个朋友 22 岁，她的房租一部分是由父母支付的，她说她愿意削减“多余的开支”，但她不愿意从曼哈顿搬到生活开销低一些的区，例如布鲁克林区或皇后区。(Line6,Para.3)a22-year-oldwhogetsaportionofherrentpaidbyMomandDad是another的同位语。getsth.paid的结构为getsth.done。你需要理发了。Youneedtogetyourhaircut.*PassageA–WehaveplantedmorethanagardenHereturned,hisfacecoveredwithmudandhisclothestornintopieces.Thefactis,mypeerswhofloodoutofdesignerstores,armsadornedwithshoppingbags,wouldn’tbeabletoaffordtheirpurchaseswithoutringingupamassivecreditcarddebt.(Line7,Para.4)我的那些同龄人经常从精品店蜂拥而出，胳膊上挎着购物袋，事实上，如果他们不刷爆信用卡，是根本买不起那些东西的。Thefactis后面为表语从句。他回来了，灰头土脸，衣服也撕破了。armsadornedwithshoppingbags为独立主格，在文中表示伴随情况。*PassageA–WehaveplantedmorethanagardenThestakesarehighinacity,whichiswhymanyyoungpeoplefeeltheneedtocompetewitheachother.城市生活的风险比较高，因此许多年轻人觉得需要彼此竞争。(Line4,Para.5)which引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明前面整句话。HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsme.他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。*PassageA–WehaveplantedmorethanagardenButwhenparentalfinancialaidsarenotonlyofferedbutexpected,whatisourgenerationlearningaboutlivingonitsown?但是当这种经济资助不只是父母给的，还是孩子们所期望的时候，我们这一代人还怎么学着自己生存呢？(Line5,Para.5)when在句中的意思为“在⋯⋯情况下；如果”。如果我连读和写都不会，我怎么能找到工作呢？HowcanIgetajobwhenIcan'tevenreadorwrite？*PassageA–WehaveplantedmorethanagardenButwhenparentalfinancialaidsarenotonlyofferedbutexpected,whatisourgenerationlearningaboutlivingonitsown?但是当这种经济资助不只是父母给的，还是孩子们所期望的时候，我们这一代人还怎么学着自己生存呢？(Line5,Para.5)onone’sown:你别指望他自己一个人做完。Youcan’texpecthimtodoitallonhisown.靠自己的力量；独立地*PassageA–WehaveplantedmorethanagardenIftheneedforaloaneverarises,shetoldme,shecangotoherparentsor,asshesecretlyhopes,ahusbandwhowilltakecareofit.她说如果她需要贷款，她可以去找父母，她也暗自希望能找个丈夫为她解决这个问题。(Line3,Para.6)shetoldme为插入语。我的公司会付账。Mycompanywilltakecareofthefees.takecareof:topayforsth.,usedespeciallywhenyouareofferingtopayforsb.else支付（尤指替他人付款）*PassageA–WehaveplantedmorethanagardenThisisindicativeofasortofsocialindependenceaswell.这也象征着一种社会独立。(Line3,Para.7)beindicativeofsth.:睡觉时做梦不一定表明有任何的心理问题。Havingdreamswhilesleepingisnotnecessarilyindicativeofanypsychologicalproblems.tobeaclearsignthataparticularsituationexistsorthatsth.islikelytobetrue显示出；表明，指明；象征aswell:他们也都进行军事训练。Theyalldomilitarytrainingaswell.也,还(放在句尾使用)*PassageA–WehaveplantedmorethanagardenIfIwanttoplanavacationhalfwayaroundtheworld,Ido,andnoonecantellmeotherwise,becauseIamdependingonmyownmeanstogetthere.如果我想计划一次走遍半个世界的旅行，我就会那么做，没人能有什么不同意见，因为我是靠我自己的方式做到的。(Line4,Para.7)无法搞清楚发生了什麽事情.Thereisnomeansoffindingoutwhathappened.本句话的结构为并列连词and连接两个独立的句子：前半部分为if引导的条件状语从句和主句（Ido）；后半部分由主句和because引导的原因状语从句构成。means:手段*PassageA–WehaveplantedmorethanagardenShoppingfreelyonMomandDad’screditcardmayhaveitsmomentaryappeal,buttheadultpartofmebelievesthatworkingforwhatIhaveismuchmorerewardingthanbeinghandeditonasilverplatter.用父母的信用卡随意购物可能有短暂的吸引力，但是我思想中成熟的一面认为，通过努力获得的东西比轻而易举得来的东西更有意义。(Line3,Para.8)adult:adj.typicalofanadult’sbehaviororofthethingsadultsdo（适合）成年人的；老成的；成熟的theadultpartofme指的是“我成熟的一面”。workingforwhatIhave为动名词短语作主语，whatIhave为介词for的宾语。*PassageA–Wehaveplantedmorethanagardenpromise(Line4,Para.1)即将开始的音乐会一定是一场来自全球的音乐盛宴。Forthcomingconcertspromiseafeastofmusicfromaroundtheworld.v.toshowsignsofsth.预示⋯⋯可能发生阴云预示有雨。Thecloudspromiserain.promisingadj.有出息的;有前途的*PassageA–Wehaveplantedmorethanagarden他们乘火车横跨欧洲旅行最终到达莫斯科。They’retravelingacrossEuropebytrainandwillendupinMoscow.endup①tobeinaparticularsituation,stateorplaceafteraseriesofevents,especiallywhenyoudidnotplanit（尤指经历一系列意料之外的事情后）到达（某处）(Line1,Para.2)②finallybeordosomething到头来每次他们去跳舞，到头来总是扫兴而归。Everytimetheywentdancing,theyendedupinabadmood.*PassageA–Wehaveplantedmorethanagarden这部法令的主要意图是为了保护儿童。Thewholepointofthislegislationistoprotectchildren.pointn.thepurposeoraimofsth.目的；意图(Line9,Para.2)Thereis(no)point(in)doingsth.:做⋯⋯有意义（无意义）再继续讨论这件事情没有什么意义了。Thereisnopoint(in)discussingthisissuefurther.*PassageA–Wehaveplantedmorethanagarden校长让学生做好准备参加入学考试。Theheadmasterpreparedhisstudentstotaketheentranceexam.preparesb.todosth使某人做好做某事的准备(Line10,Para.2)*PassageA–Wehaveplantedmorethanagarden没有人有能力或者愿意承担这份工作。Nobodywasableorwillingtotakeonthejob.takeontoagreetodosomeworkorberesponsibleforsth.承担；接受（尤指艰巨工作或重大责任）(Line10,Para.2)*PassageA–Wehaveplantedmorethanagarden只要你放弃原则，你就输了。Assoonasyoucompromiseyourprinciple,youarelost.compromisev.todosth.whichisagainstyourprinciplesandwhichthereforeseemsdishonestorshameful放弃（原则）；在⋯⋯方面妥协(Line5,Para.3)compromise(onsth):以折衷 方法 快递客服问题件处理详细方法山木方法pdf计算方法pdf华与华方法下载八字理论方法下载 解决争论、争端、分歧我想去希腊,可我妻子想去西班牙,於是我们折衷了一下,去意大利。IwantedtogotoGreece,andmywifewantedtogotoSpain,sowecompromisedonItaly.*PassageA–Wehaveplantedmorethanagardenfloodv.toarriveorgosomewhereinlargenumbers大量地去/到达；大量地涌入/出Callshavebeenfloodingintoourofficefromworriedparents.担心的家长的电话如潮水般打进办公室来。(Line7,Para.4)befloodedwithsth:tobeoverwhelmedinlargenumbers接到大量⋯⋯We'vebeenfloodedwithoffersofhelp.我们获得了大量的帮助。*PassageA–Wehaveplantedmorethanagardenhinder(Line11,Para.4)v.tomakeitdifficultforsth.todeveloporsucceed阻碍；妨碍；阻止Hisdisabilityhindershimfromusingtheusualfacilities.他的残疾妨碍了他使用正常的设施。hindersb/sth(fromsth/doingsth)阻碍﹑妨碍某人/某事物的进展Aformerinjurywashinderinghimfromplayinghisbest.一处旧伤妨碍他发挥他的最佳水平。*PassageA–WehaveplantedmorethanagardenClimbingisadangeroussportandthestakesarehigh.登山是一项危险的运动，风险很高。stakes(Line4,Para.5)n.ifthestakesarehighwhenyouaretryingtodosth.,yourisklosingalotoritwillbedangerousifyoufail风险；危险性stake:1)(usupl)money,etcriskedorgambledontheunknownresultofafutureevent(e.g.arace,acard-game)赌注2)money,etcinvestedbysbinanenterprisesothathehasaninterestorshareinit投资;投放的本钱*PassageA–WehaveplantedmorethanagardenPutonacoatforfearofcatchingacold.forfearofincaseyoumakesth.badhappen生怕⋯⋯；以免⋯⋯(Line2,Para.6)穿上外衣以免感冒。forfearthat后接从句用虚拟语气Hewalkedfastforfearthatheshouldbelate.他快走，以免迟到。*PassageA–Exercises Vocabulary&tructure Translation Comprehension*PassageA–Comprehension1. Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).2Manyyoung peoplefeelsorryforhavingtoreceivefinancialassistancefromtheirparents.1ManyyoungpeoplecanhardlysaveanymoneyiftheyliveinNewYork. Peoplecansurviveinanycitysolongastheymakeagoodplanforexpenses.4Manyparentscontinuetoprovidefortheirchildrenaftertheirgraduation.Thiswillpreventtheirchildrenfrombeingfinanciallyresponsible.TFTT5Tothewriter,being financiallyindependentispartofbeinganadult.T*PassageA–Comprehension2. Workingroupstodiscussthefollowingquestions.2Whatarethedisadvantagesofparentalfinancialaids?1WhydomanygraduateswanttoliveinNewYork?What’stheirlifeusuallylikethere?*PassageA–Comprehension2. Workingroupstoanswerthefollowingquestions.BecausetheythinktherearemanyopportunitiesinNewYork,whichcanhelpthemrealizetheirdreams.LivinginNewYorkmaynotbeascomfortableastheyexpect.Highlivingcostswillbeagreatburden,andtheymayevenspend80%oftheirsalaryonrent.1WhydomanygraduateswanttoliveinNewYork?What’stheirlifeusuallylikethere?*PassageA–Comprehension2. Workingroupstoanswerthefollowingquestions.Itwillhinderyoungpeoplefrombecomingmatureandindependent.Someyoungpeoplecannotlearntobefinanciallyresponsiblejustbecausetheirparentsoftenofferthemmoneytohelp.2Whatarethedisadvantagesofparentalfinancialaids?*1. Compareeachpairofwordsandcompletethefollowingsentenceswiththerightone.Changetheformifnecessary.PassageA–VocabularyandstructureWemusttryto___________thesyllabus(教学 大纲 专科护士培训大纲语法等级大纲网络小说大纲模版专职安全员生产检查释经讲道讲章大纲 )toattractstudents.1.diversify,diversitydiversifyThereisaneedforgreater___________andchoiceineducation.diversityYouwillbeexpectedto_________theeditorwiththeselectionofillustrationsforthebook.assistSheofferedmepractical___________withmyresearch.assistance2.assist,assistance*1. Compareeachpairofwordsandcompletethefollowingsentenceswiththerightone.Changetheformifnecessary.PassageA–VocabularyandstructureMealsintheschoolcanteensare___________bythegovernment.3.subsidy,subsidizesubsidizedThecompany’squickdevelopmentbenefitedfromasubstantial(数目大的)________fromthelocalgovernment.subsidyHouseworkislowonherlistof___________.4.priority,prioritizepriorityThetasksareheavyandyouneedto___________them.prioritize*1.Youshouldlearntoexercisecontrol____________negativeemotionsandthoughts.2.Thelawrequiresequaltreatmentforall,regardless____________race,religion,orsex.3.Thesculptureiscoatedwith24kgoldleafandadorned____________17pearlsandtwodiamonds.4.Youarefreetochoosewhatyousurrender____________,butyouarenotfreefromtheconsequencesofthatchoice.PassageA–Vocabularyandstructure2. Completethefollowingsentenceswithproperprepositionsoradverbs.overofwithto*3. Addthesuffix“-ize”tothewordsgivenbelow.Thencompletethefollowingsentenceswiththewordsthusformed.Changetheformifnecessary.PassageA–Vocabularyandstructure1.Hestudieshismap,tryingto____________thewaytoRose’shome.2.Thecompanyisinvesting$9millionto____________itsfactories.3.Hislatestnovel___________________thevillagelifewhichisactuallynotsogood.4.Ipreferfreshfruitsto____________fruitjuice.5.Heisgoodat____________storiesfortelevision.idealdramamodernmemoryliquidmemorizemodernizeidealized/idealizesliquidizeddramatizing*PassageA–Vocabularyandstructure✔✔✔4. Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandchoosethebestwordtofillineachblank.AnewsurveyofcollegegraduatesfromthelastfiveyearsfindsthattheGreatRecessionhas1)_____themhard,forcingthemintolow-payingjobsoftenunrelatedtotheireducationandleavinghalfofthemexpecting2)_____financialsuccessthantheirparents.“Don’tblameaspoiledgeneration,”saidCliffZukin,apoliticalscienceandpublicpolicyprofessorwhowastheco-authorofthestudy.“Eighty-threepercentofthemworkedwhentheywereincollege,”hesaid.“They’remakingsacrificestogo3)_____this,but1AbeatBhitCstrike2AmoreBlessCsimilar3AintoBonCthrough*PassageA–Vocabularyandstructure4. Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandchoosethebestwordtofillineachblank.✔✔they’recomingoutwithoutagoodjobandwith4)_____.That’snotagreatsituation.”Theaverageannualstartingsalaryforthosewhograduatedbetween2006and2008was$30,000.Forthe2009and2010grads,itdecreasedto$27,000.Andwomengraduatescontinuedto5)_____lessthanmen.Nearlyhalfofthegraduatessaythey’reworkingatjobsthatdon’trequireacollegeeducation.Andmanyofthosewholefttheirfirstjobsdidn’tfindabetterone.Sevenintensaid5ApayBearnCmake4AdebtsBsuccessesCfortunes*PassageA–Vocabularyandstructure4. Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandchoosethebestwordtofillineachblank.✔✔✔theireducationalbackgroundhadsomerelationshiptotheirfirstjob.Butforthosewhoarenowworkingelsewhere,onlyaboutsixintensaytheirworkisinthe6)_____theystudied.Andgraduates7)_____ontheirparentsfinancially.Nearlyhalfsaythey’resubsidizedinsomewaybytheirparentsorotherfamilymembers,8)_____morethanoneinfivewholivewithrelatives.Thenation’shope,mostoftendelivered,isthateachgenerationdoesbetterthanthelast.However,7AstickBrelyCwork8AincludedBincludingCinclude6AfieldBsubjectClesson*PassageA–Vocabularyandstructure4. Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandchoosethebestwordtofillineachblank.✔✔that9)_____isn’ttherefortherecentgraduates.Abouthalfsaytheypersonallydon’t10)_____todoaswellastheirparents.And56%saytheirgenerationwon’tdoaswellastheirparents’generation.9AidealBdreamChope10AlikeBexpectCwant*PassageA–Translation1. TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese. Forthosewhocraveurbanlivingatitsbest,NewYorkisasiren,singinganirresistiblyenticingsong—Untilyouareluredinandbeforeyouknowit,80%ofyoursalaryhasbeenspentonrent.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.ShoppingfreelyonMomandDad’screditcardmayhaveitsmomentaryappeal,buttheadultpartofmebelievesthatworkingforwhatIhaveismuchmorerewardingthanbeinghandeditonasilverplatter._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________对于那些极度渴望城市生活的人来说，纽约就是古希腊神话中的女海妖塞壬，唱着诱人的歌曲，令人无法拒绝——直到你被吸引去，在还没有意识到时，80%的工资就都用于交房租了。用父母的信用卡随意购物可能有短暂的吸引力，但是我思想中成熟的一面认为，通过努力获得的东西比轻而易举得来的东西更有意义。*很多大学生毕业以后都选择留在大城市工作，因为他们觉得大城市能提供更多的就业机会和发展机遇。但大城市高昂的生活成本对于不少刚毕业的学生来说是难以承受的。(costofliving,affordable)2. TranslatethefollowingChinesesentencesintoEnglishwiththehelpofthewordsorexpressionsgiveninbrackets.Manycollegestudentschoosetoworkinbigcitiesaftergraduation,becausetheythinkbigcitiescanprovidemorejobanddevelopmentopportunities.However,thehighcostoflivinginbigcitiesismorethanaffordableformanynewlygraduatedstudents.PassageA–Translation*Streetart Lead-in Textstudy ExercisesPassageB*PassageB–StreetartLead-in Backgroundinformation Pre-readingactivity*Lookatthefollowingpicturesofgraffiti.Whatdoyouthinkofthem,akindofstreetartorvandalism(肆意破坏公物的行为)?Why?Pre-readingPassageB–StreetartWorkingroupstodiscussthefollowingquestion.PassageB–StreetartIthinkit’sakindofstreetart.Thedesignsandcolorsarebeautiful.Theyaremoreofartthanvandalismbecausetheyseemtobetryingtoexpresssomething.Lookatthefollowingpicturesofgraffiti.Whatdoyouthinkofthem,akindofstreetartorvandalism(肆意破坏公物的行为)?Why?Pre-readingWorkingroupstodiscussthefollowingquestion.Sampleanswer:*PassageB–StreetartBackgroundinformation1.Graffiti2.KeithHaring3.Jean-MichelBasquiat4.Swoon*PassageB–Streetart1.GraffitiGraffitiarewritingordrawingsthathavebeenscribbled,scratched,orsprayedillicitlyonawallorothersurface,ofteninapublicplace.*PassageB–Streetart*PassageB–Streetart2.KeithHaringKeithAllenHaring(May4,1958–February16,1990)wasanAmericanartistandsocialactivistwhoseworkrespondedtotheNewYorkCitystreetcultureofthe1980sbyexpressingconceptsofbirth,death,sexuality,andwar.Haring'sworkwasoftenheavilypoliticalandhisimageryhasbecomeawidelyrecognizedvisuallanguageofthe20thcentury.*PassageB–Streetart2.KeithHaring*PassageB–Streetart3.Jean-MichelBasquiatJean-MichelBasquiat(December22,1960–August12,1988)wasanAmericanartist,musician,andproducer.HefirstachievednotorietyaspartofSAMO,aninformalgraffitigroupwhowroteenigmaticepigramsintheculturalhotbedoftheLowerEastSideofManhattanduringthelate1970swherethehiphop,post-punkandstreetartmovementshadcoalesced.Bythe1980shewasexhibitinghisneo-expressionistandprimitivistpaintingsingalleriesandmuseumsinternationally.*PassageB–Streetart3.Jean-MichelBasquiatBasquiat'sartfocusedon"suggestivedichotomies",suchaswealthversuspoverty,integrationversussegregation,andinnerversusouterexperience.Heappropriatedpoetry,drawing,andpainting,andmarriedtextandimage,abstraction,andfiguration,andhistoricalinformationmixedwithcontemporarycritique.*PassageB–Streetart3.Jean-MichelBasquiatBasquiatusedsocialcommentaryinhispaintingsasa"springboardtodeepertruthsabouttheindividual",aswellasattacksonpowerstructuresandsystemsofracism,whilehispoeticswereacutelypoliticalanddirectintheircriticismofcolonialismandsupportforclassstruggle.*PassageB–Streetart4.SwoonSwoon(bornCaledoniaDanceCurryin1978)isastreetartistwhospecializesinlife-sizewheatpasteprintsandpapercutoutsofhumanfigures.ShestudiedatthePrattInstituteinBrooklynandstarteddoingstreetartaround1999andlarge-scaleinstallationsin2005.*TextstudyPassageB–Streetart Organizationofthetext Languagepoints TextreadingPassageBStreetart1.Streetartcanbefoundonbuildings,sidewalks,streetsigns,andeventrashcansfromTokyotoParis,fromMoscowtoNewYorkCity.Thisspecialkindofartcantaketheformofpaintings,sculptures,orstickers.Todaythestreetartmovementhasbecomepartofaglobalvisualculture.Evenartmuseumsandgalleriesarecollectingtheworksofstreetartists.___________________________________________________________________________*PassageBStreetart2.Itisnoteasytoprovideanexacthistoryofthestreetartmovement.SomeexpertssaythemovementbeganinNewYorkCityinthe1960swhenyoungadultsusedpaintinspecialcanstospraytheir“tag”onwallsandtraincarsaroundthecityasawaytoidentifythemselvesandtheirartwork.Thiscolorfulstyleofwritingisalsocalledgraffiti.Itisvisuallyexcitingandenergetic.Somegraffitipaintingsweresignsmarkingtheterritoriesofcitygangsorillegalcrimegroups.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*PassageBStreetart3.However,graffitisoondevelopedasanartisticmovementexpressingthestreetcultureofyoungpeoplelivinginbigcities,whorejectedtheacceptedrulesofcultureandpowerandresortedtograffititorepresentsocialandpoliticalrebellion.4.Duringthe1980s,twoNewYorkpainters,KeithHaringandJean-MichelBasquiat,startedcreatingtheirpaintingsonthestreets.Andtheysoonbecameveryfamousandbeganshowingtheirworkinartgalleriesandmuseums.Thisiswhenstreetartstartedtobecomepartofthepopularculture.Eversincethenstreetarthasdevelopedinmanykindsofwaysinplacesallovertheworld.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*PassageBStreetart5.Onewell-knownstreetartistinNewYorkCitygoesbythenameofSwoon.Shecreatesdetailedpapercutoutsofpeoplethatsheobservesaroundher.Sheplacestheselife-sizeimagesonwallsindifferentareasofNewYork.Oneofherartworkisofalittleboyplaying.Theboyisturninghissmilingfaceandseemstoberunningintothedistance.ThelinesofSwoon’sdrawinggiveenergyandmovementtothepicture.Sheplacedthepicturesoftheboynexttootherlargegraffitiimages.Itlooksliketheboyisrunningin-betweenthedifferentpiecesofartwork.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*PassageBStreetart6.Swoondidnotstarthercareermakingstreetart.ShestudiedfineartatthePrattInstituteinBrooklyn,NewYork.Butshesoonlostinterestinthetraditionalmodesofmakingandexhibitingartandstartedtakingherartintothestreets.7.Swoonenjoysthefreedomofexpressionwhichstreetartpermits.AndpeopleenjoySwoon’sstrongandimaginativepicturesaswell.Infact,theMuseumofModernArtinNewYorkCityhasboughtseveralofherworks._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________*PassageBStreetart8.ManycornersinParisshowtheworkofanartistknownasSpaceInvader.Thenamecamefromavideogamethatwasverypopularinthe1980s.ThisFrenchartistusessmallcolorfulsquaresofglasstomakeimagesofspacecreatures,andheplaceshiscreationsonbuildingsallaroundParis.Hesaysthatheisleavingagifttothecitywithhisart.*PassageBStreetart9.Streetartistshavedifferentreasonsforchoosingthisspecialkindofcreativeart.Someartistsdonotapproveoftheprofit-makingbusinessofgalleriesandmuseums.Contendingthattheseorganizationsdisconnectartfromeverydaylife,theyattempttointegratestreetartintothecityenvironment.Otherartistsexpresstheirpoliticalbeliefswiththeirart.Theyseestreetartasprotestingthecultureofbigbusinessesandcorporations.Theydonotlikethecitywallscoveredwithadvertisements,whichtheyseeasexamplesofcorporateaggression.Theythinkthatifanadvertisementcanbeonawall,socantheirart.Stillotherartistsliketheexcitementofworkingonthestreets.Whatappealstothemmostisthattheycantravelaroundareasofthecity,makingcreativepaintingsforeveryonetoseeandthereforebecomefamous,thoughwithoutbeingofficiallyrecognized._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*PassageBStreetart10.Peoplehavedifferentopinionsaboutthestreetart.Somethinkstreetartisarichformofnon-traditionalculturalexpressionwhileothersseeitasacrime.Streetartistshavetoworksecretlybecauseitisillegaltopaintpublicandprivatepropertywithoutpermissioninsomeplaces.Somestreetartistsdidpayapricefortheirwork.Forexample,ShepardFairey,whobecamefamousforhisimageofBarackObamaduringthe2008U.S.presidentialcampaign,hasbeenarrestedseveraltimesongraffiticharges.Faireyprotestedthathewasjustsuggestingpublicspaceshouldbefilledwithmorethanjustadvertisements.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*PassageBStreetart11.WiththecomingoftheInternetage,streetartistsnowcanshowtheirworktopeopleallovertheworldontheInternet,andtheycanexchangeideaswiththeirfansaswell.However,peoplesaytheInternetisnotareplacementfortheexperienceofseeingstreetartlive.Toreallyunderstandthisart,youhavetoseeitinitsoriginalenvironment.Thestreetartmovementdependsontheenergyandlifeofthecity.Andlikecities,thisimaginativeandexcitingartwillcontinuetochangeandgrow.*PassageB–WhatshallIpainttoday?OrganizationofthetextStructurePartI(Para.______)PartII(Para.______)PartIII(Para.______)12-910-11IntroductiontostreetartThehistoryofstreetartandfamousstreetartistsPeople’sattitudetowardstreetart*PassageB–WhatshallIpainttoday?Thisspecialkindofartcantaketheformofpaintings,sculptures,orstickers.这种特殊的艺术可以借绘画、雕塑甚至贴纸的形式出现。taketheformof:采取⋯⋯的形式；表现为⋯⋯的形式一种典型的培训项目采取系列演讲的形式。Atypicaltrainingprogramtakestheformofaseriesoflectures.(Line2,Para.1)*PassageB–WhatshallIpainttoday?SomeexpertssaythemovementbeganinNewYorkCityinthe1960swhenyoungadultsusedpaintinspecialcanstospraytheir“tag”onwallsandtraincarsaroundthecityasawaytoidentifythemselvesandtheirartwork.一些专家说该运动起源于20世纪60年代的纽约市，那时一些年轻人用一种特殊的灌装漆料，在城市的墙上和火车车厢上喷上他们自己的“标签”，以此作为一种表现自己和他们的艺术作品的方式。traincar：火车车厢(Line1,Para.2)*PassageB–WhatshallIpainttoday?Somegraffitipaintingsweresignsmarkingtheterritoriesofcitygangsorillegalcrimegroups.一些涂鸦作品还是城市帮派或犯罪团伙划分地盘的标记。(Line5,Para.2)markingtheterritoriesofcitygangsorillegalcrimegroups为现在分词短语作定语。territory:n.landthatisownedorcontrolledbyaparticularcountry,ruler,ormilitaryforce领土；版图；领地不要在我的地盘上犯罪。Don’tcommitcrimesonmyterritory.*PassageB–WhatshallIpainttoday?However,graffitisoondevelopedasanartisticmovementexpressingthestreetcultureofyoungpeoplelivinginbigcities,whorejectedtheacceptedrulesofcultureandpowerandresortedtograffititorepresentsocialandpoliticalrebellion.然而，涂鸦很快发展成能够表达大城市里年轻人街头文化的一种艺术运动，这些年轻人抗拒文化规则和权力，借涂鸦来表达他们对社会和政治的反抗。expressingthestreetcultureof…和livinginbigcities都为现在分词短语作定语，分别修饰anartisticmovement和youngpeople。(Line1,Para.3)who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰youngpeoplelivinginbigcities。*PassageB–WhatshallIpainttoday?However,graffitisoondeveloped…andpoliticalrebellion.resortto:(Line1,Para.3)todosth.bad,extreme,ordifficultbecauseyoucannotthinkofanyotherwaytodealwithaproblem采取；诉诸（不好的事物）许多青少年没有钱的时候会进行偷窃。Manyteenagersresorttostealingwhentheirmoneyrunsout.reject:v.torefusetoaccept,believein,oragreewithsth.拒绝接受（相信，帮助）约翰逊拒绝了他的秘书的建议。Johnsonrejectedhissecretary’sproposal.*PassageB–WhatshallIpainttoday?Eversincethenstreetarthasdevelopedinmanykindsofwaysinplacesallovertheworld.从那以后，街头艺术在世界各地发展成为许多不同的形式。eversincethen:(Line5,Para.4)inmanykindsofways和inplacesallovertheworld分别为方式状语和地点状语。Eversincethenmylifehasbecomemoreinteresting.从那以后我的生活变得更加有趣了。从那以后；从此以后*PassageB–WhatshallIpainttoday?Oneofherartworkisofalittleboyplaying.Theboyisturninghissmilingfaceandseemstoberunningintothedistance. 她的其中一幅艺术作品是一个正在玩耍的小男孩，小男孩转过笑脸，似乎要跑向远处。他就像是一株老树重又开花。Hewaslikeanoldtreeblossomingagain.(Line3,Para.5)playing为现在分词，作alittleboy的补语。这条新闻是关于几个在山里探寻宝藏的女孩儿。Thenewsisaboutseveralgirlshuntingfortreasureinthemountains.*PassageB–WhatshallIpainttoday?Swoondidnotstarthercareermakingstreetart.ShestudiedfineartatthePrattInstituteinBrooklyn,NewYork.斯沃恩并不是一开始就将街头艺术作为自己的职业生涯的。她在纽约市布鲁克林的布拉特学院学习美术。(Line1,Para.6)startsth.(by)doingsth.:以做某事开始⋯⋯老师从吸引学生好奇心入手开始他的课程。Theteachercanstarthislessonbycapturingchildren’scuriosity.fineart:formsofart,especiallypaintingsorsculpture,thatareproducedandadmiredfortheirbeautyandhighquality艺术；美术（尤指绘画、雕塑）*PassageB–WhatshallIpainttoday?Contendingthattheseorganizationsdisconnectartfromeverydaylife,theyattempttointegratestreetartintothecityenvironment.(Line3,Para.9)contendingthattheseorganizationsdisconnectartfromeverydaylife为现在分词短语作状语，that引导宾语从句。这些建筑物和周围的自然景物相融合,Thebuildingsarewellintegratedwiththelandscape.他们认为这些机构把艺术同日常生活割裂开了，就试图将街头艺术融入城市环境。integratesth.into/withsth.:（使）合并；（使）融合*PassageB–WhatshallIpainttoday?Theydonotlikethecitywallscoveredwithadvertisements,whichtheyseeasexamplesofcorporateaggression.(Line7,Para.9)coveredwithadvertisements为过去分词短语作定语，修饰thecitywalls。他们不喜欢城市的墙壁上贴满了广告，认为这是大公司入侵的表现。which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰advertisements。*PassageB–WhatshallIpainttoday?Whatappealstothemmostisthattheycantravelaroundareasofthecity,makingcreativepaintingsforeveryonetoseeandthereforebecomefamous,thoughwithoutbeingofficiallyrecognized.(Line10,Para.9)what+谓语动词+宾语+most+is/was…表示“最让人⋯⋯的是⋯⋯”。最吸引他们的则是可以游走在城市的各个角落，创造具有创造力的作品供大家欣赏，进而成名，尽管他们得不到官方的认可。给我留下深刻印象的是这个十岁的小女孩自己一个人照顾她的祖母。Whatimpressedmemostwasthatthe10-year-oldgirltookcareofhergrandmotherbyherself.*PassageB–WhatshallIpainttoday?Whatappealstothemmostisthattheycantravelaroundareasofthecity,makingcreativepaintingsforeveryonetoseeandthereforebecomefamous,thoughwithoutbeingofficiallyrecognized.(Line10,Para.9)makingcreativepaintingsforeveryonetosee为现在分词短语作伴随状语。beingofficiallyrecognized为动名词的被动形式，用作介词without的宾语。他希望出门不被发现。Hehopedtogooutwithoutbeingseen.*PassageB–WhatshallIpainttoday?Streetartistshavetoworksecretlybecauseitisillegaltopaintpublicandprivatepropertywithoutpermissioninsomeplaces.(Line3,Para.10)property:在一些地区，街头艺术家们不得不秘密进行创作，因为没有得到许可就在公共场所和私有建筑上绘画是违法的。这里是私人房产。请勿进入。Thisisprivateproperty.Pleasekeepout!n.abuilding,apieceofland,orbothtogether房产；地产；房地产*PassageB–WhatshallIpainttoday?Streetartistshavetoworksecretlybecauseitisillegaltopaintpublicandprivatepropertywithoutpermissioninsomeplaces.(Line3,Para.10)未经作者允许本书禁止出版。Thisbookcan’tbepublishedwithouttheauthor’spermission.without(sb’s)permission:未经（某人的）允许*PassageB–WhatshallIpainttoday?Somestreetartistsdidpayapricefortheirwork.Forexample,ShepardFairey,whobecamefamousforhisimageofBarackObamaduringthe2008U.S.presidentialcampaign,hasbeenarrestedseveraltimesongraffiticharges.(Line4,Para.10)一些街头艺术家还为他们的作品付出了代价。例如，谢泼德•费尔雷，他在2008年美国总统大选中因为画巴拉克•奥巴马的画像而出名，他好几次因涂鸦的指控而被捕。这个罪犯为自己之前犯下的错误付出了代价。Thiscriminalispayingapriceforhisearlymistakes.payapricefor(doing)sth.:为某事付出代价*PassageB–WhatshallIpainttoday?Somestreetartistsdidpayapricefortheirwork.Forexample,ShepardFairey,whobecamefamousforhisimageofBarackObamaduringthe2008U.S.presidentialcampaign,hasbeenarrestedseveraltimesongraffiticharges.(Line4,Para.10)他因为非法持有毒品而被捕。Hehasbeenarrestedonchargesofpossessionofillegaldrugs.arrestsb.onchargesofsth.:因⋯⋯而逮捕某人*PassageB–WhatshallIpainttoday?identifyv.ifaparticularthingidentifiessb.orsth.,itmakesthemeasytorecognize表明⋯⋯的身份工人们佩戴徽章来表明他们是公园雇员的身份。Workerswillwearbadgestoidentifythemselvesasparkemployees.(Line4,Para.2)*PassageB–WhatshallIpainttoday?contendn.toargueorclaimthatsth.istrue声称；断言；争论我认为失业是我们社会最为严重的弊病。Iwouldcontendthatunemploymentisourmostserioussocialevil.(Line3,Para.9)*PassageB–Exercises Vocabulary&structure Translation Comprehension Oralwork*PassageB–Comprehension1. Choosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions. WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasaformofstreetart?ASculptures.BPaintings.CTrashcans.DStickers. Whendidstreetartstarttobecomepartofthepopularculture?ADuringthe1960s.BDuringthe1970s.CDuringthe1980s.DDuringthe1990s.✔✔*PassageB–Comprehension1. Choosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions.3Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?AStreetartisstillnotacceptabletoartmuseumsandgalleries.BSomeyoungpeopleusedgraffitiasavehiclefortheirsocialandpoliticalrebellion.CStreetartisatraditionalculturalexpression.DStreetarthasnowreacheditspeakandhaslittleroomforfurtherdevelopment.✔*2. Workingroupstodiscussthefollowingquestions.PassageB–Comprehension Whenandwheredidthestreetartmovementbegin?SomeexpertssaythestreetartmovementbeganinNewYorkCityinthe1960s.*PassageB–ComprehensionTheyresorttograffiti,whichisvisuallyexcitingandenergetic,asameanstorepresenttheirsocialandpoliticalrebellion.2.Whydostreetartistschoosethiskindofartform?*PassageB–ComprehensionSeeingstreetartontheInternetisquitedifferentfromseeingitlive.Streetartwasborninthestreetandbloomedthere.Itisthepublicenvironmentthatgivestheartenergyandmakesitalive.Youhavetoappreciateitinitsoriginalenvironmentoryoucannotseethebeauty.WhenstreetartisputontheInternet,thoughitmayattractlargeraudience,itlosesitsattraction.3.WhatdoyouthinkisthedifferencebetweenseeingstreetartliveandseeingitontheInternet?*PassageB–Vocabularyandstructure1. Compareeachpairofwordsandcompletethefollowingsentenceswiththerightone.Changetheformifnecessary.Colorslikeredconveyasenseof___________andstrength.1.energetic,energyenergyenergeticIfweather___________,wecangoclimbingthisweekend.2.permit,permissionpermitsItisillegaltoreproducetheseworksheetswithout___________fromthepublisher.permissionHersonwasan___________,aggressiveboy,alwaysreadytoargue.*PassageB–Vocabularyandstructure1. Compareeachpairofwordsandcompletethefollowingsentenceswiththerightone.Changetheformifnecessary.Whatarethereasonsforhis___________ofthetheory?3.reject,rejectionrejectionrejectedIwassurprisedthatMomseemedto___________ofTracy’snewboyfriend.4.approve,approvalapproveHisworkswonenthusiastic___________ofhisreaders.approvalOurproposalofreformingthedresscodeswas___________.*2. Completethefollowingsentenceswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformifnecessary.PassageB–Vocabularyandstructure1.KevinHanksgot____________fordrunkdriving.2.Susan____________herselfwithperfumeeverymorning.3.—Howcanyou____________himasaFrenchman?—Byhisaccent.4.Click“workoffline”to____________fromtheInternet.5.AsJackisillandwillbeabsentfromworkforalongtime,wehavetofinda____________forhim.disconnectarrestreplacesprayidentifyarrestedspraysidentifydisconnectreplacement*3. Completethefollowingsentenceswithproperprepositionsoradverbs.PassageB–Vocabularyandstructure1We’veinstalledanextinguisher(灭火器)next____________thecookerincasethereiseverafire.2Someonewhogoesbythename____________KeithByrantwantstoseeyou.3Whennotusingabattery,disconnectit____________thedevice.4Youwillfinallypayaprice____________allthewrongyouhavedone.5Allatonce,Inoticedthatmywifeseemedtobefilled____________confusion.tofromforofwith*4. CompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChineseinbracketsintoEnglishusingthestructure“what…sb.mostis/was…”PassageB–VocabularyandstructureNote:“what+谓语动词+宾语+most+is/was…”表示“最让人⋯⋯的是⋯⋯”。Sample:Whatappealstothemmostis(最吸引他们的是)thattheycantravelaroundareasofthecitymakingcreativepaintingsforeveryonetoseeandthereforebecomefamous,thoughwithoutbeingofficiallyrecognized.*PassageB–Vocabularyandstructure1._____________________________________(我最关心的是)whowillbemyteachernextterm.Whatconcernsmemostis2._____________________________________(最让父亲伤心的是)thathedroppedoutofcollegeinspiteofeveryone’sadvice.Whathurtmyfathermostwas4. CompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChineseinbracketsintoEnglishusingthestructure“what…sb.mostis/was…”3._____________________________________(最让我吃惊的是)thatsuchanexcellentapplicantlikehimwasturneddown.Whatsurprisedmemostwas*PassageB–Vocabularyandstructure4._____________________________________(最让我失望的是)thattheshowforwhichwehadbeenpreparedforsolongwascancelled.Whatdisappointedmemostwas4. CompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChineseinbracketsintoEnglishusingthestructure“what…sb.mostis/was…”5._____________________________________(最让我印象深刻的是)a10-year-oldgirlwhotookcareofhergrandmotherbyherself.Whatimpressedmemostwas*PassageB–Translation1. TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese. Swoonenjoysthefreedomofexpressionwhichstreetartpermits.AndpeopleenjoySwoon’sstrongandimaginativepicturesaswell.______________________________________________________________________________________________斯沃恩享受街头艺术带来的这种表达自由。人们也喜欢斯沃恩强烈又富有想象力的图画。 Thestreetartmovementdependsontheenergyandlifeofthecity.Andlikecities,thisimaginativeandexcitingartwillcontinuetochangeandgrow._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________街头艺术运动取决于城市的生命和活力。如同城市本身一样，这种具有想象力和激情的艺术也将继续变化和成长。*以前，很多人不认可涂鸦这种行为，认为涂鸦是破坏环境，但随着越来越多高质量的涂鸦作品的出现，人们正在改变对涂鸦的看法。很多涂鸦作品无论色彩或是图案都给人以美的享受。许多白墙因为这些涂鸦而有了生命。（approveof,bringsth.tolife）2. TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishwiththehelpofthewordsandexpressionsgiveninbrackets.Manypeopledidn’tapproveofgraffitibefore,thinkingitwoulddamagetheenvironment.Butwiththeemergenceofmoreandmorehigh-qualitygraffitiworks,people’sattitudetowardgraffitiischanging.Manygraffitiworksnotonlybringbeautytopeopleintermsoftheircoloranddesignbutbringwhitewallstolifeaswell.PassageB–Translation*PassageB–OralworkWorkingroupstodothefollowingactivities.1.Besidesgraffiti,streetartnowhasdevelopedintomanyforms,suchasstreetdance,skateboard(滑板),bicyclestunt(特技单车),orstreetball.Talkaboutyourfavoriteformofstreetart,andgivethereasonswhyyoulikeit.2.Eachgroupchoosesoneformofstreetartmentionedbythegroupmembersandcollectsinformationaboutit,suchasitshistory,characteristics,andinfluence.3.Eachgroupchoosesarepresentativetogiveapresentationaboutthestreetartyouresearched.*PassageB–OralworkWorkingroupstodothefollowingactivities.1.Besidesgraffiti,streetartnowhasdevelopedintomanyforms,suchasstreetdance,skateboard(滑板),bicyclestunt(特技单车),orstreetball.Talkaboutyourfavoriteformofstreetart,andgivethereasonswhyyoulikeit.Ofmanyformsofstreetart,Ilikestreetdancebest.It’sakindofbody-shapingexercise.Ithinkit’sexcitingandenergetic.Andthepracticehelpsmebuildmypersistenceandwillpower.*PassageB–OralworkWorkingroupstodothefollowingactivities.2.Eachgroupchoosesoneformofstreetartmentionedbythegroupmembersandcollectsinformationaboutit,suchasitshistory,characteristics,andinfluence.Streetdance,alsoknownasvernaculardance,referstothedancestylesevolvingoutsideofdancestudiosinavailableopenspacesuchasstreets,parks,andschoolyards,etc.ItoriginatedintheUnitedStates,firstappearinginAfricanAmericancommunities.Streetdanceshowsthevitalityandpassionofyouthandthecouragetoexpresstheattitudeoflifeandtobethemselves.Streetdancehasbecomepopularallovertheworld.* Thesubjunctivemood(虚拟语气)(I) ExercisesGrammar*Grammar-Tagquestions在表示不太可能实现的愿望、猜测或者主观的假想或建议时，英语中常需要用虚拟语气。常见的虚拟语气的用法包括以下两种类型：1if引导的虚拟条件句(见下页表格)*Grammar-Tagquestions对现在情况的假设动词过去式（如果是be动词，一般用were）would/could/might/should+动词原形如：1)IwouldgiveyoualiftifIhadmycarhere.2)IfIwereyou,Iwouldseizethechancetogoabroad.3)Ifyouhadanyquestionaboutourproduct,youcouldmakeaphonecalltous.4)Ifyouaskedmenicely,Imighttakeyououtforlunch.*Grammar-Tagquestions对过去情况的假设动词过去完成时（had+过去分词）would/could/might/should+have+过去分词如：1)Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldnothavefailedintheexam.2)Ifmygirlfriendhadn’tbeenilllastSunday,shewouldhavegonetotheconcertwithme.3)IshouldhavetalkedtoyouifIhadseenyouyesterday.4)Iftheambulancehadcomeearlier,theboymighthavebeensaved.*Grammar-Tagquestions对将来情况的假设动词过去式（或wereto/should+动词原形）would/could/might/should+动词原形如：1)Ifitrainedtomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.2)IfheweretoleaveShanghai,Imightbuyhishouse.3)Ifsheshouldgoaway,Iwouldbesad.*2省略if的倒装结构 Hadtheynotdriventhatcar(=iftheyhadn’tdriventhatcar),hewouldnothavedied. Shouldthistaskcostyouanymoney(=ifthistaskshouldcostyouanymoney),youcouldsendmethebill. Wereyouinmyposition(=ifyouwereinmyposition),youwoulddothesamething.Grammar-Tagquestions如果虚拟条件句中有had，should，were，可以省略if，把had，should，were移至主语之前，采用倒装语序。*1. Completethefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectformoftheverbsgiveninbrackets.Grammar-Exercises1Ifyoubrokeanexpensivevaseinashop,______________themanager?(wouldyoutell/willyoutell)2JohnKennedy________________________________ifhehadn’ttraveledinanopen-topcar.(mightnotbeassassinated<暗杀>/mightnothavebeenassassinated)3Ifshe___________________sohard,LiNawouldn’thavewontheWomen’sChampionshipatthe2011FrenchOpen.(haven’ttrained/hadn’ttrained)4Ifyou_________________somethingfromashopbymistake,wouldyoureturnit?(took/take)5WereItodoit,I___________________itinsomeotherway.(wouldhavedone/woulddo)wouldyoutellhadn’ttrainedtookmightnothavebeenassassinatedwoulddo*2. Rewritethefollowingsentences,startingwith“should”,“had”or“were”.Grammar-Exercises Ifsheweretofindoutthetruth,shewouldfeelunhappy._______________________________________________2.IfJohnhadnotlentmethemoney,Iwouldhavegonebankrupt.______________________________________________________________________________________________3.Ifthereshouldbeanearthquake,whatshouldwedo?_______________________________________________Wereshetofindoutthetruth,shewouldfeelunhappy.HadJohnnotlentmethemoney,Iwouldhavegonebankrupt.Shouldtherebeanearthquake,whatshouldwedo?*2. Rewritethefollowingsentences,startingwith“should”,“had”or“were”.Grammar-Exercises4.IfIhadhadmoretime,Icouldhavefinishedthearticlelastweek.______________________________________________________________________________________________HadIhadmoretime,Icouldhavefinishedthearticlelastweek.5.IfSupermanwerehere,hewouldhelpus.______________________________________________WereSupermanhere,hewouldhelpus.* Resume ExercisesWriting*Writing-Resume简历（resume，也可称为curriculumvitae，简称CV）没有固定的内容和结构，可以根据个人的具体情况及求职岗位的需求采用不同形式，但内容务必实事求是、条理清晰、简明扼要、表述准确。在此基础上，一份能够充分展现个人特色、优点以及潜力的简历更容易得到招聘者的青睐。简历的主要内容一般包括： 个人资料：主要包括姓名、地址、联系电话、电子邮件。有时可根据需要列出性别及出生日期。身高、体重、婚姻状况等个人信息一般不需提供。 求职目标：一般指所申请的工作职位。求职目标要尽量写得具体、明确，避免出现Toseekateachingposition之类的笼统描述。最好能明确自己求职的行业范围以及期待的职位，如：Toseekapositionasamusicteacherinanelementaryschool。*Writing-Resume3.教育背景：一般应从最高的学历开始，由高及低、由近及远，介绍自己受教育的经历，包括就读时间、学校、所学专业和取得的学位。高中阶段的学习经历可省略。为了展示自己的知识结构和能力，也可介绍自己研修过的一些主要课程以及取得的成绩。如果接受过一些相关技能的培训，也可写在简历中。4.工作经验/社会实践：一般按照时间上由近及远的顺序描述从事过的工作，包括工作时间、单位、职位、职责及成就等。作为没有工作经历的学生，可以介绍自己的实习、兼职经历或其他社会实践，包括你在其中的职责，从而展示自己学到的知识、锻炼的能力等。5.主要技能：主要介绍自己的电脑应用水平、外语水平等。还可以介绍与应聘职位相关的其他技能来为自己的简历加分。*Writing-Resume6.荣誉和奖项：按照时间上由近及远的顺序介绍自己获得过的荣誉和奖项，比如：奖学金、优秀学生干部、学术论文奖等。7.兴趣特长：如果能提及跟工作相关的兴趣或特长最好，比如，如果你想成为一名记者，可以提及自己关注时事和爱好写作的兴趣。与职位无关的特长和爱好，比如唱歌、跑步等可不提及。8.推荐人/证明人：简历中可列出证明人的具体信息，包括证明人的姓名、职位、工作单位以及联系方式等，也可说明自己将根据招聘方的需要提供证明人信息。*Writing-ResumeSampleZhouNaAddress:92WestDazhiStreet,NangangDistrict,HarbinTelephone:0451-8641xxxxE-mail:zhounaxxx@gmail.comJobobjective:ToworkasasalesassistantinaforeigntradecompanyEducation:Sept.2011-PresentHarbinInstituteofTechnologyMajor:EnglishRelatedcourses:AdvancedTranslation,AdvancedWriting,IntroductiontoBusiness,BusinessNegotiation,BusinessCommunication*Writing-ResumeWorkExperience:Feb.,2013-Present： Part-timesecretaryforFortuneImport&ExportCompany,dutiesincludingtyping,filing,answeringphonecalls,schedulingappointments,etc.Oct.,2012： Organizedandhostedtheuniversity’sEnglishCultureFestival*Writing-ResumeSkillsandQualifications:ExcellentinbothwrittenandoralEnglish;passedTEM-8ProficientuserofWord,Excel,PowerPoint,andtheInternetPassedBECHigherLevelAwards&Achievements:Third-classScholarship,2012-2013FirstprizeinateachingcompetitionheldbytheForeignLanguagesDepartmentoftheuniversityHobbies&Interests:reading,publicspeakingReferences:Availableonrequest*Writing-Resume评析：这份简历包含了个人资料、求职目标、教育背景、兼职经历及参与的社会活动、技能、奖项、兴趣爱好等简历的基本要素，呈现了应聘职位所必需的信息。此外，求职者还根据应聘的具体职位，突出了自己与该职位相关的课程以及相应的实践经历，并凸显了自己应聘此职位的优势与特长。总体来说，这是一封内容完整、条理清楚、重点突出的简历。*Writing-ExerciseSupposeyouwanttofindapart-timejobforthecomingsummerholiday.SearchtheInternettofindajobwantedadthatyouareinterestedin.Thenwritearesumetoapplyforthejob.MarshaAddress:49HuayuanStreet,JinshuiDistrict,ZhengzhouTelephone:0371-6541xxxxE-mail: Marshaxxx@163.comJobobjective:ToworkasamanagerassistantinaninternationalcompanyEducation:Sept.2011-Present:ZhengzhouUniversityMajor:EnglishRelatedcourses:AdvancedTranslation,IntroductiontoBusiness,BusinessCommunicationWriting-ExerciseWorkExperience:March2012-Present:Part-timemarketingassistantforMinglangImport&ExportCompany,dutiesincludingtyping,filing,answeringphonecalls,schedulingappointments,etc.SkillsandQualifications:ExcellentinbothwrittenandoralEnglish;ProficientuserofWord,Excel,PowerPoint,andtheInternetPassedBECHigherLevelAwards&Achievements:First-classScholarship,2012-2013Hobbies&Interests:reading,publicspeaking,badmintonReferences:Availableonrequest* Videoappreciation QuestionsCultureexpress Parkour*Cultureexpress–VideoappreciationParkour*Cultureexpress-ParkourParkourisaphysicalactivityofFrenchorigininwhichparticipantsattempttofindnewwaystocrosstheurbanlandscape—jumpingoverconcretewalls,runningacrossroofs,andleapingfrombuildingtobuilding.Simplyput,parkourplayerstrytomovefrompointAtopointBasquicklyandefficientlyaspossible.*Cultureexpress-ParkourEssentially,parkourisaboutlearningtoovercomeobstaclesandrethinkingtheuseofone’sbodyandtheuseofpublicspaces.Itmakesyoufeelarealconnectionbetweenyourspiritandyourenvironment.Parkourplayersonlyusetheirbodytoovercomeobstacles.It’sevenaphilosophyoflife.Someparkourplayersbelievethatthetechniquestheylearncanalsobecarriedoverintotheirdailylives,makingthemmorecourageousandconfidentwithobstaclesinlife.*Cultureexpress-ParkourButbewarned—Parkourisahighlyskilledsport,soafteryou’vereadthispassage,pleasedon’tgooutandstartjumpingoffbuildings!Ifyouwanttodoparkour,youshouldbeawarethatittakesalotofhardworkanddedication.Youmustpracticethebasicmovesdaily,startingwithlowwalls.Besides,youhavetoknowyourlimitsatalltimes.Evenforexperiencedathletes,abadjumpcankill.Youcangethurtifyoudon’tlearnhowtojumpandlandproperly.Nobodyshoulddoparkourwithouttraining.*Cultureexpress-ParkourAdditionalinformationTheearliestformofparkourinhistorywasdefinedbyGeorgesHebert,anavalofficerintheFrencharmywhoservedbothduringWorldWarIandWorldWarII.Becausehewasasoldier,heoftentraveledtoAfrica,wherehewasimpressedbytheefficient,flowingathleticmovementsofmostoftheAfricantribeshevisited.AfterhehadreturnedtoFrance,hebegantodevelopamethodofnaturalmovementforofficersservinginthemilitary,inwhichbothmenandwomenweretrainedtomoveefficientlyandfluentlyaroundawidevarietyofobstaclesintheirpath.Thedisciplinecalled“NaturalMethod”startedtoberegularlytaughtinthemilitary,settingthestageforthelaterdevelopmentofparkour.* Howdoyouviewparkour,ariskysport,anexcitinggame,orsomethingelse?Workingroupstodiscussthefollowingquestions.Cultureexpress-Exercises Doyouagreethatparkourrepresentsaphilosophyoflife?*Cultureexpress-ExercisesParkour,inmyopinion,isakindofextremesportratherthanakindofgame.Youneedtobeathletic,unafraidofheights,andofcourse,daretochallengetheimpossible. Howdoyouviewparkour,ariskysport,anexcitinggame,orsomethingelse?Workingroupstodiscussthefollowingquestions.*Cultureexpress-ExercisesYes,Iagree.Parkourinvolveslearningtomovebeyondtheobstaclesefficiently.Peoplechallengethemselvesinparkourbothmentallyandphysicallysoitbecomeseasierforthemtodealwithproblemsandobstaclesineverydaylife.Whenadifficultsituationcomesupindailylife,aparkourpractitionermayseeitjustasanobstacletoovercome.Parkouralsorepresentsaphilosophyoffreedom.Bylearningtoovercomethevariousbarrierslifethrowsupfromtimetotime,practitionerslearntoseetheworldinanewandless-restrictiveway.Thementalandemotionalobstaclesthatexistwithinusbegintofallaway,revealingmorepossibilitiesforourlivesthanweimagined.Inaword,parkourrepresentsaphilosophyoflife,andmanypeopleapplyittotheirlives.Workingroupstodiscussthefollowingquestions. Doyouagreethatparkourrepresentsaphilosophyoflife?*NoteBookTypehere:*点击左上角的“Unit1”的左半部和右半部可以前后翻页。点击“？”按钮可以打开更多的“tips”。展示答案请点击右下角的“钥匙”按钮，点击“扫把”按钮可以清空答案。****点击右下角的“ABC”按钮可以查看录音原文。****************************************按图标S只显示需讲解的句子超链接；按图标W只显示需讲解的词汇和短语超链接；按扫帚图标清除所有超链接标记。按上箭头回到上一层。***************************************************************************************************************************************