外研版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第二册Unit4Breakingboundaries“It”asanemptysubject课件

“It”asanemptysubject一、it作形式主语，代替不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）和主语从句当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）、从句等用作主语时，为避免头重脚轻，通常在句首使用形式主语it，而把真正的主语放在句子末尾。1代替主语从句1）Itbe+名词（apity,ashame,anhonour,agoodidea,amiracle,afact,commonknowledge,asurprise…)+从句。ItisapitythatIcan`tgowithyoubecauseIhavetolookaftermylittlebrother.Itiscommonknowledgethattheearthturnsaroundthesun.2)Itbe+形容词（clear,possible,likely,natural,certain,fortunate,necessary,strange,uncertain,obvious,important…)+从句。Itisobviousthattheyarefortheplan.it作形式主语3)It+不及物动词（happen,seem,appear,chance,occur,matter…)+从句Ithappened/chancedthatIwasinthecountrysideatthetime.Itseemsthatitisgoingtorainsoon.4)It+be+过去分词（found,believed,reported,thought,noted,proved,known,decided,suggested,required…)+从句。Itisreportedthatthefirecausedagreatlossandhundredsofpeopledied.名师点津1）“It+be+said/believed/reported/…that…”句型一般可转换成“sb./sth.+besaid/believed/reported/…+todo”句型。Itissaidthathehasgotadoctor`sdegree.=Heissaidtohavegotadoctor`sdegree.2)在句型“It+is/was+形容词+主语从句”中，如果形容词是important,strange,natural,necessary等，从句谓语部分要用“should+动词原形”形式，should可以省略。Itwasnecessarythatwe(should)makeeverythingreadyaheadoftime.3)在”Itis/was+过去分词+that…”结构中，如果动词是require,demand,request等，从句谓语部分要用“should+动词原形”形式，should可省。Itisrequiredthatnobody(should)smokehere.2代替不定式（短语）ItishardtotranslatethissentenceintoEnglish.3代替动名词（短语）Itisnousearguingwithhim.二，it作形式主语和it用于强调句型的比较it作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化，可以是that,whether或连接代词，连接副词。而it强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调是什么成分，都只能用连词that，若被强调部分指人时也可用who.试比较：Itisapitythatyoudidn`tgotoseethefilm.Itdoesn`tinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.Itwasinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace.ItwasJohnthat/whobrokethewindow.用it作形式主语翻译句子1真奇怪，竟然没有人想要去那里。Itisstrangethatnoonewantstogothere.2很难说将需要多少钱。Itishardtosayhowmuchmoneyisneeded.3地球围着太阳转是常识。Itiscommonknowledgethatearthturnsaroundthesun.4这样做是错误的。Itiswrongtodoitinthisway.5做完那项工作需要艰苦劳动。Itneededhardworktofinishthejob.6他不可能一个人去。Itisimpossibleforhimtogoalone.7你这样说太好了。Itiskindofyoutosayso.8向他解释没有用。Itisnouseexplainingittohim.ItisnolongerquitesodifficultforwomenandminoritiestogetrolesinAmericanfilmandtelevision.ItisnowamorerealistichopeforminorityactorstobecomealeadingactorinHollywood.ItismorecommonthanbeforeforwomentowriteanddirectHollywoodfilms.ItisseenasacceptablebyfilmstudiostocastwhiteactorsasAsiancharacters.Rewritetheunderlinedpartsusingitasanemptysubject.Beijingtodayismulticultural.Itisnotasurprisingthingforstudentstoseedifferentskincoloursinthesameclass.Itispossibleforpeopletohearmanydifferentlanguagesanddialects.Itiseasyforpeopletofindproductsfromallovertheworld.Itisnotdifficultforforeignerstosettledownandfindajob.Itisacommonthingforpeoplefromdifferentcountriestoworkinthesamecompany.Describethecityusingtheinformationprovidedanditasanemptysubject.TheglobalvillageReadthepassageandanswerthequestions.Whatphenomenondoesthepassagedescribe?Whateffectdoestechnologyhaveonculturalexchange?Itdescribesthephenomenonofthe“globalvillage”asrelatedtothepromotionoftechnologicalandculturalexchange.Technologyenablesustoformcloseconnectionswithpeopleofcompletelydifferentculturesandgivesusquickandeasyaccesstootherculturesandlifestyles.cultureshockformcloseconnectionswithajointeffortmutualbenefitsbringpeopletogetherwindowontheworldbemoreinclusiveCompletetheletterwiththecorrectformoftheexpressionsinActivity5.MoreandmoreforeignwordsandexpressionsareenteringtheEnglishlanguage,especiallythoseaboutfood.ChinesefoodispopularintheUK,andmanyChinesewordsandexpressionsareenteringEnglishdictionariesasaresult.Interculturalcommunicationisincreasing,andpeopleallovertheworldhaveabetterunderstandingofeachother.Worldsportsarebringingpeopletogetherinthesamewaythatfoodis.Listentotheconversationandchoosethemainidea.regionalwordsaremakingitwontonthefoodwenowfindinshopsandrestaurants/thefoodwebuyandeatallkindsoffoodalotofotherrestaurants/alotofchoicesItalian,FrenchandJapaneserestaurantsusechopsticksconnectingpeoplepeopleinBritaineatingChinesefoodpizzawhilewatchingthesamegameListenagainandcompletethetable.Really?That’sinteresting.Isitreally?Itisreallyamazing…Ialsofinditinterestingtosee….Nowonderitisn’tasurprisetosee….Itisnotunusualtofind…Completetheboxeswiththeexpressionsfromtheconversation.Workinpairs.Talkaboutanotherphenomenonoftheglobalvillageusingtheexpressionsinthissection.Nowthinkaboutanydifficultiesyouencounteredduringyourdiscussionandwhatyoudidtoovercomethem.Wearefamily!