2020年智慧树知道网课《BasicChemistry基础化学》课后章节测试满分答案

第一章测试1【单选题】（0.5分）Solidshaveashapeandarenotappreciablysharp,convertibleB.indefinite,compressibleC.indefinite,incompressibledefinite,incompressibledefinite,compressible2【单选题】（0.5分）ThesymbolfortheelementpotassiumisA.KB.PtE.3【单选题】（0.5分）TheSIunitformassistroyouncepoundkilogramD.graminkelvins.4【单选题】（0.5分）Thetemperatureof25C°isA.166B.C.103D.E.1385【单选题】（0.5分）Thedensityofsilveris10.5g/cmcm3.3.Apieceofsilverwithamassof61.3gwouldoccupyavolumeof5.840.0015510.5单选题】（0.5分）ThecorrectresultofthemolecularmasscalculationforH2SO4is.4×15.9994+32.066+2×1.0079A.98.08B.98.84C.98.07498.07998.8387【单选题】(0.5分)Therearesignificantfiguresintheanswertothefollowingcomputation:(29.2-20.0)(1.79×105)/1.39A.4B.3单选题】（0.5分）Ofthefollowing,isthesmallestmass.A.×109fgB.×1010ngC.×10-2mgD.2.5×1015pgE.25kg9单选题】（0.5分）AccuracyreferstohowcloseameasurednumberistoinfinityB.howcloseameasurednumberistozerohowcloseameasurednumberistoothermeasurednumbershowcloseameasurednumberistothecalculatedvaluehowcloseameasurednumberistothetruevalue10【单选题】（0.5分）Inwhichoneofthefollowingnumbersareallofthezerossignificant?A.0.14329B.100.09009C.0.003002D.0.1E.0.05843第二章测试1【单选题】（0.5分）Acertainmassofcarbonreactswith13.6gofoxygentoformcarbonmonoxide.gramsofoxygenwouldreactwiththatsamemassofcarbontoformcarbondioxide,accordingtothelawofmultipleproportions?A.13.6B.C.27.2D.1366.82【单选题】（0.5分）Whichstatementbelowcorrectlydescribestheresponsesofalpha,beta,andgammaradiationtoanelectricfield?A.Onlyalphaisdeflected,whilebetaandgammashownoresponseB.Alphaandbetaaredeflectedinoppositedirections,whilegammashowsnoresponseC.Bothbetaandgammaaredeflectedinthesamedirection,whilealphashowsnoresponseD.Bothalphaandgammaaredeflectedinthesamedirection,whilebetashowsnoresponseBothalphaandbetaaredeflectedinthesamedirection,whilegammashowsnoresponse3【单选题】（0.5分）andresideintheatomicnucleus.A.noneoftheaboveB.Neutrons,onlyneutronsElectrons,neutronsD.Protons,electronsProtons,neutrons单选题】（0.5分）Whichoneofthefollowingisnottrueconcerningcathoderays?TheytravelinstraightlinesintheabsenceofelectricormagneticfieldsThecharacteristicsofcathoderaysdependonthematerialfromwhichtheyareemittedTheyaremadeupofelectronsTheyoriginatefromthenegativeelectrodeTheyimpartanegativechargetometalsexposedtothem【单选题】(0.5分)ThechargeonanelectronwasdeterminedintheA.DaltonatomictheoryB.MillikanoildropexperimentC.Rutherfordgoldfoilexperimentatomictheoryofmattercathoderaytube,byJ.J.Thompson单选题】（0.5分）IntheRutherfordnuclear-atommodel,A.massisspreadessentiallyuniformlythroughouttheatomB.thelightsubatomicparticles,protonsandneutrons,resideinthenucleusC.theheavysubatomicparticles,protonsandneutrons,resideinthenucleusthethreeprincipalsubatomicparticles(protons,neutrons,andelectrons)allhaveessentiallythesamemassthethreeprincipalsubatomicparticles(protons,neutrons,andelectrons)allhaveessentiallythesamemassandmassisspreadessentiallyuniformlythroughouttheatom7【单选题】（0.5分）AllatomsofagivenelementhavethesameA.densityB.numberofneutronsC.numberofprotonsnumberofelectronsandneutronsmass8【单选题】（0.5分）Anatomofthemostcommonisotopeofgold,utrons,andelectrons.197Au,hasprotons,ne118,79,39B.79,118,118D.197,79,118E.79,118,79单选题】（0.5分）Whichcombinationofprotons,neutrons,andelectronsiscorrectfortheisotopecopper-63,?34p+,34n°,29eB.29p+,29n°,63e-C.34p+,29n°,34e-D.29p+,34n°,29e-E.63p+,29n°,63e-10单选题】（0.5分）IsotopesareatomsthathavethesamenumberofbutdifferingnumberofA.electrons,protonsB.neutrons,protonsC.protons,neutronsneutrons,electronsprotons,electrons第三章测试1【单选题】（0.5分）iscreditedwithdevelopingtheconceptofatomicnumbers.DmitriMendeleevLotharMeyerMichaelFaradayHenryMoseleyErnestRutherford单选题】（0.5分）ElementsinthemodernversionoftheperiodictablearearrangedinorderofincreasingA.averageatomicmassnumberofisotopesatomicmassatomicnumberoxidationnumber单选题】（0.5分）Thefirstionizationenergiesoftheelementsasyougofromlefttorightacrossaperiodoftheperiodictable,andasyougofromthebottomtothetopofagroupinthetable.increase,increaseB.decrease,increasedecrease,decreaseincrease,decreaseE.arecompletelyunpredictable【单选题】(0.5分)Ingeneral,asyougoacrossaperiodintheperiodictablefromlefttoright:(1)theatomicradius__;(2)theelectronaffinitybecomesnegative;and(3)thefirstionizationenergy.increases,increasingly,increasesincreases,increasingly,decreasesdecreases,decreasingly,increasesdecreases,increasingly,increasesE.decreases,increasingly,decreases【单选题】(0.5分)Whichofthefollowingtraitscharacterizesthealkalimetals?A.formationofdianionsB.thesmallestatomicradiusinaperiodC.thelowestfirstionizationenergiesinaperiodD.existenceasdiatomicmoleculesveryhighmeltingpoint单选题】（0.5分）OxidesoftheactivemetalscombinewithwatertoformmetalhydridesoxygengasC.hydrogengaswaterandasaltmetalhydroxides7【单选题】(0.5分)Analkalineearthmetalformsacompoundwithoxygenwiththeformula.(ThesymbolMrepresentsanyoneofthealkalineearthmetals.)A.M2O2B.M2OMOD.MO2MO38【单选题】（0.5分）Whichnon-metalexistsasadiatomicsolid?phosphorusantimonybromineboroniodine【单选题】(0.5分)26Theonlynoblegasthatdoesnothavethens2np6valenceelectronconfigurationisA.neonB.kryptonC.Allnoblegaseshavethens2np6valenceelectronconfigurationheliumradon10单选题】（0.5分）Whatistheoxidationnumberofchromiumin[Cr(NH3)4Cl2]Cl?0-2E.第四章测试1【单选题】（0.5分）unpairedelectronsintheLewissymbolforaphTherearepairedandosphorusatom.A.2,4B.0,3C.2,3D.4,24,32单选题】（0.5分）ThereareunpairedelectronsintheLewissymbolforanoxygenatom.A.4C.123【单选题】(0.5分)3-)isTheelectronconfigurationofthephosphideion(PA.[Ne]3s23p6B.[Ne]3p2C.[Ne]3s23p3D.[Ne]3s23p1E.[Ne]3s2单选题】（0.5分）ElementsfromoppositesidesoftheperiodictabletendtoformcovalentcompoundsB.ioniccompoundsC.covalentcompoundsthataregaseousatroomtemperatureD.homonucleardiatomiccompoundsE.compoundsthataregaseousatroomtemperature单选题】（0.5分）DetermininglatticeenergyfromBorn-HabercycledatarequirestheuseofAvogadro'snumberCoulomb'slawPeriodiclawtheoctetruleHess'slaw单选题】（0.5分）Howmanyhydrogenatomsmustbondtosilicontogiveitanoctetofvalenceelectrons?4单选题】（0.5分）Inthemoleculebelow,whichatomhasthelargestpartialnegativechargeIClE.Br8【单选题】(0.5分)Electronegativityfromlefttorightwithinaperiodandfromtoptobottomwithinagroup.A.increases,staysthesameB.increases,decreasesC.staysthesame,increasesD.increases,increasesE.decreases,increases单选题】（0.5分）TheLewisstructureofAsH3showsnonbondingelectronpair(s)onAs.Thiscannotbedeterminedfromthedatagiven.3D.E.10【单选题】（0.5分）TheformalchargeoncarboninthemoleculebelowisA.2B.3-1第五章测试1【单选题】（0.5分）ThecorrectnameforK2Sisdipotassiumsulfatepotassiumsulfatepotassiumdisulfidepotassiumbisulfidepotassiumsulfide2【单选题】（0.5分）2SO3isThecorrectnameforHA.sulfurhydroxidehydrosulfuricacidhydrosulficacidsulfuricacidsulfurousacid【单选题】(0.5分)ThecorrectnameofthecompoundNa3NissodiumtrinitridesodiumnitrideC.trisodiumnitridesodiumazidesodium(IX)nitride单选题】（0.5分）TheionsCa2+andPO43-formasaltwiththeformulaCa(PO4)2B.Ca3(PO4)2C.CaPO4D.Ca2PO4E.Ca2(PO4)35【单选题】（0.5分）ElementMreactswithfluorinetoformanioniccompoundwiththeformulaMF3.TheM-ionhas18electrons.ElementMis.A.ArB.CaC.PD.ScE.Cr6【单选题】（0.5分）TheconjugatebaseofHSO4-isA.HSO4+H2SO4H3SO4D.OH-E.SO42-7Ci°nwhich[H+]is0.00250M?【单选题】(0.5分)WhatisthepHofanaqueoussolutionat25.0A.3.4B.2.6C.-3.4D.2.25E.-2.6CwithpH°=4.282?单选题】（0.5分）Whatistheconcentration(inM)ofhydroniumionsinasolutionat25.0A.5.22×10-5C.1.66×104D.4.28E.9.719【单选题】（0.5分）WhatisthepHofa0.0150Maqueoussolutionofbariumhydroxide?A.12.210.41.82E.12.5第六章测试单选题】（0.5分）.NH3(g)+O2(g)Whenthefollowingequationisbalanced,thecoefficientsareNO2(g)+H2O(g)2,3,2,3B.1,3,1,2C.4,3,4,31,1,1,14,7,4,62→A【单选题】（0.5分）Whenthefollowingequationisbalanced,thecoefficientofAlis.Al(s)+H2O(l)l(OH)3(s)+H2(g)521E.3【单选题】(0.5分)2is.C2H4O(g)+O2Whenthefollowingequationisbalanced,thecoefficientofO(g)→CO2(g)+H2O(g)A.21单选题】（0.5分）3CH(l)isburnedinWritethebalancedequationforthereactionthatoccurswhenmethanol,CHair.Whatisthecoefficientofmethanolinthebalancedequation?A.B.C.D.1.5E.35【单选题】(0.5分)ThebalancedequationforthedecompositionofsodiumazideisA.2NaN3(s)→2Na(s)+3N2(g)B.NaN3(s)→Na(s)+N2(g)+N(g)C.NaN3(s)→Na(s)+N2(g)D.2NaN3(s)→2Na(s)+2N2(g)E.2NaN3(s)→Na2(s)+3N2(g)6【单选题】(0.5分)Thesolubilityofmanganese(II)hydroxide(Mn(OH)2)is2.21×0-5M.WhatistheKspofMn(OH)2?A.4.3×10-14B.4.8×10-10C.1.1×10-14D.2.1×10-14E.2.2×10-5【单选题】（0.5分）Whatistheempiricalformulaofacompoundthatcontains49.4%K,20.3%S,and30.3%Obymass?A.KSO2B.K2SO4C.K2SO3D.KSO4E.KSO3单选题】（0.5分）Acompoundcontains40.0%C,6.71%H,and53.29%Obymass.Themolecularweightofthecompoundis60.05amu.Themolecularformulaofthiscompoundis.C2H3O4B.C2H4O2C.C2H2O4D.CHO2CH2O单选题】（0.5分）Magnesiumandnitrogenreactinacombinationreactiontoproducemagnesiumnitride:3Mg+N2→Mg3N2Inaparticularexperiment,a9.27gsampleofN2reactscompletely.ThemassofMgconsumedisg.16.1B.0.92C.13.9D.8.04E.10→BaCrO4+2KCl(b)P单选题】（0.5分）Whichofthefollowingreactionsisaredoxreaction?(a)K2CrO4+BaCl2b22++2Br-→PbBr(c)Cu+S→CuSA.(c)only(a)onlyC.(b)only(a)and(c)(b)and(c)第七章测试1【单选题】(0.5分)Agasatapressureof10.0PaexertsaforceofNonanareaof5.5mA.55B.1.8D.5.5E.18单选题】（0.5分）Agasvesselisattachedtoanopen-endmanometercontaininganon-volatileliquidofdensity0.791g/mLasshownbelow.Thedifferenceinheightsoftheis755mmHg.Giventhatthedensityofmercuryis13.6g/mL,thepressureoftheenclosedgasisatm.liquidinthetwosidesofthemanometeris43.4cmwhentheatmosphericpressure0.960.9930.9871.030.99单选题】（0.5分）Asampleofagas(5.0mol)at1.0atmisexpandedatconstanttemperaturefrom10Lto15L.Thefinalpressureisatm.A.7.5B.3.3C.1.5D.0.67E.15单选题】（0.5分）AsampleofH2gas(12.28g)occupies100.0Lat400.0Kand2.00atm.Asampleweighing9.49goccupiesLat353Kand2.00atm.A.147B.68.2C.54.7D.1095Ccon°tainsmolofgas.【单选题】（0.5分）A0.325Lflaskfilledwithgasat0.914atmand19A.1.24×10-212.4C.1.48×10-2D.80.79.426【单选题】（0.5分）Asampleofgas（1.3mol）occupiesLat22C°and2.5atm.A.0.9431D.0.079E.137【单选题】（0.5分）AflaskcontainsamixtureofHeandNeatatotalpressureof2.6atm.Thereare2.0molofHeand5.0molofNeintheflask.ThepartialpressureofHeisatm.A.9.1B.1.04C.0.74D.6.5E.1.868°Cism/s.【单选题】（0.5分）Theroot-mean-squarespeedofCOat113A.B.586C.99331.59【单选题】(0.5分)AsampleofN2gas(2.0mmol)effusedthroughapinholein5.5s.ItwilltakeameamountofCH4toeffuseunderthesameconditions.A.7.3B.9.6C.4.2D.sforthes5.53.110【单选题】（0.5分）UsingthevanderWaalsequation,thepressureina22.4Lvesselcontaining1.00molofneongasat100°Cisatm.(a=0.211L2atm/mol2,b=0.0171L/mol)A.1.37B.0.3670.73D.1.21E.1第八章测试1【单选题】（0.5分）Asolutionispreparedbydissolving15.0gofNHutionis0.974g/mL.ThemolefractionofNHA.3in250gofwater.Thedensityoftheresultingsol3inthesolutionis.0.9220.940.0597D.16.8E.0.0642【单选题】(0.5分)Thevaporpressureofpurewaterat25C°is23.8torr.Determinethevaporpressure(torr)ofwaterat25°Caboveasolutionpreparedbydissolving35gofurea(anon-volatile,non-electrolyte,MW=60.0g/mol)in75gofwater.A.0.882.93.327E.3【单选题】(0.5分)Thefreezingpointofethanol(C2H5OH)is-114.6°C.Themolalfreezingpointdepressionconstantforethanolis2.00C/m°.Whatisthefreezingpoint(C)o°fasolutionpreparedbydissolving50.0gofglycerine(C3H8O3anonelectrolyte)in200gofethanol?-5.42B.-132.3C.-115-114.64【单选题】(0.5分)Asolutionispreparedbydissolving6.00gofanunknownnonelectrolyteinenoughwatertomake1.00Lofsolution.Theosmoticpressureofthissolutionis0.750atmat25.0C.Whatis°themolecularweight(g/mol)oftheunknownsolute?A.30.6B.5.12×10-316.4110195【单选题】(0.5分)hydrogenbondinginC6H6B.strengthofthecovalentbondinNaClC.weaksolvationofNa+andCl-byC6H6strongsolvent-solventinteractionsE.increaseddisorderduetomixingofsoluteandsolvent6单选题】（0.5分）Pairsofliquidsthatwillmixinallproportionsarecalledliquids.supersaturatedmisciblesaturatedunsaturated6H6)istheTheprincipalreasonfortheextremelylowsolubilityofNaClinbenzene(C7【单选题】（0.5分）Thesolubilityofoxygengasinwaterat25Can°d1.0atmpressureofoxygenis0.041g/LThesolubilityofoxygeninwaterat3.0atmand25Cis_°g/L.A.0.041B.3C.0.014D.0.31E.0.128【单选题】（0.5分）Cwithp°recautionstaCandno°precipitateisobseAsampleofpotassiumchlorate（15.0g）isdissolvedin201gofwaterat70kentoavoidevaporationofanywater.Thesolutioniscooledto30.0rved.Thissolutionis.A.saturatedB.hydratedC.unsaturatedD.misciblesupersaturated单选题】（0.5分）Theconcentrationofleadnitrate(Pb(NOnsityofthesolutionis1.202g/mL.3)2)ina0.726Msolutionismolal.Thede0.650.7550.8191.9280.47610【单选题】(0.5分)6H6with38.0gCCl4isTheconcentrationofabenzenesolutionpreparedbymixing12.0gCmolal.A.0.5080.240.3160.6224.04