考研考博-英语-营口理工学院考试押题卷含答案篇详解

书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-营口理工学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！卷I一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题ThanksinnosmallparttoA1Goreandhisfilmproducers,theAmericanpubliciswakinguptotheseriousnessofglobalwarming.WhatisnotsowidelyappreciatedisthatunlesstheUSgovernmentactsurgentlyanddecisively,thisproblemcouldveryquicklygetverymuchworse.ForreasonsbotheconomicandpoliticalcoalispoisedtobethefuelofchoiceinthecomingdecadesastheUSweansitselfoffforeignoil.CoalcombustiongenerateshalftheUS'selectricityandreleasesabout1.5billiontonsofcarbondioxideayear.Ifpresenttrendscontinue,thesefigureswillmorethandoubleby2050,muchtothedetrimentoftheworld'sclimate.Withoutanalternativefuel,theonlysolutionistocaptureandstorecarbondioxidefromburningcoal.Overcomingtheengineeringobstaclesinthewayoflarge-scalesequestrationofcarbondioxidewillbehardenough,butthebiggerchallengeisoneofpoliticalwill.UScompaniesasyethavenoincentivetocapturecarbonemissions.Whilemovesatstateandcongressionallevelsarepushingintherightdirection,theambiguityintheadministration’spolicyiscounterproductive.ItistimefortheUSgovernmenttoputapriceoncarbonemissionssoutilitiesthatinvestintechnologiestoreducecarbonemissionswillseetheireffortsrewarded.Suchamovewouldnotonlyreducetherisksassociatedwithglobalwarming,butalsogoalongwaytorestoringAmerica'sgreencredentials.1.Accordingtotheauthor,whataddstotheseriousnessofglobalwarming?2.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheobstaclesforeffectivelycapturingcarbonemissions?3.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestasasolutiontotheproblem?问题1选项A.TheAmericanpublicwasignorantoftheproblem.B.TheAmericangovernmentisdoingnothingtodealwiththeproblem.C.TheUSwillchoosecoalasthemajorfuelwhichwillhavelargecarbonemissions.D.Thereisnoalternativefuelotherthanforeignoilwhichhaslargecarbonemissions.问题2选项A.Theexistingtechnologyisonlyabletodealwithlarge-scalecarbonemissions.B.Thecompaniesarenothighlymotivatedinadoptingnewtechnologies.C.Thegovernmentpolicyforusingcoalandoiliscounterproductive.D.Thecompaniesfeelreluctanttobeinvolvedinpoliticalissues.问题3选项A.Thegovernmentshouldchargecarbonemissionssoastoencouragecompaniestoadoptnewtechnology.B.Thegovernmentsshouldrewardutilitiesthatinvestinthetechnologiestoreducecarbonemission.C.Thegovernmentshouldmakelong-timeeffortstoencouragepeopletoplantmoretrees.D.Thegovernmentshouldpayforlarge-scalecarbonemissions.【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:A【解析】1.推理判断题。文章第一段中提到“WhatisnotsowidelyappreciatedisthatunlesstheUSgovernmentactsurgentlyanddecisively,thisproblemcouldveryquicklygetverymuchworse.”可知美国政府对全球变暖问题没有积极主动地采取相应措施。第三段中提到“Whilemovesatstateandcongressionallevelsarepushingintherightdirection,theambiguityintheadministration’spolicyiscounterproductive.”虽然美国各州和国会的行动正朝着正确的方向推进，但政府在政策上的模糊性却产生了相反的效果。”可知美国政府在全球变暖这个问题上什么也没做，因此选B。2.细节事实题。文章第三段中提到“UScompaniesasyethavenoincentivetocapturecarbonemissions.”到目前为止，美国公司还没有捕捉获碳排放的动力。可知B选项“公司在采用新技术方面没有很强的积极性。”因此B选项符合题意。A选项“现有的技术只能处理大规模的碳排放”；C选项“政府对使用煤炭和石油的政策是产生相反的效果”；D选项“公司不愿意卷入政治问题”。3.推理判断题。文章最后一段的大意为：现在是美国政府为碳排放定价的时候了，使投资于技术使碳排放减少的公用事业将看到他们的努力得到回报。这一举措不仅会降低全球变暖带来的风险，而且对恢复美国的环保信誉也有很大帮助。因此A选项“政府应该征收碳排放，以鼓励公司采用新技术。”符合题意。2.单选题Plasticheartvalvesandotherhuman“spareparts”have（ ）possiblemanyrecentdevelopmentsinsurgery.问题1选项A.madeitB.beenmadeC.madeD.become【答案】C【解析】考查语态。句子的主语为Plasticheartvalvesandotherhuman“spareparts”（塑料心脏瓣膜和其他人体器官“零件”），宾语为manyrecentdevelopments（最近许多的发展），主语与宾语之间为主动关系，故排除B选项。句子的宾语在possible后面不需要形式宾语，故排除A选项。havebecomepossible 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示“……成为可能”，havemadepossible表示“使……成为可能”，根据句意可知C选项符合语境。句意：塑料心脏瓣膜和其他人体器官“零件”使最近许多的发展成为可能。3.单选题Thematerialsupportandadvisoryservicesofferedbytheseprojects______thewillofthepoortohelpthemselvesandenablethemtoleadself-sufficientlives.问题1选项A.prolongB.enforceC.reinforceD.inform【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项prolong“延长；拖延”；B选项enforce“实施，执行；强迫，强制”；C选项reinforce“加强，加固；强化；补充”；D选项inform“通知；告诉；报告”。句意：这些项目提供的物质支持和咨询服务……了穷人自助的意愿，使他们能够过上自给自足的生活。根据Thematerialsupportandadvisoryservicesbytheseprojects（这些项目提供的物质支持和咨询服务）可推测这些项目对……来说是有利的，A选项不符合题意，可排除。B选项含贬义也可排除。D选项不符合题意，可排除。结合句意，C选项正确。4.单选题Thereisnodoubt______thecompanyhasmadetherightdecisiononthesalesproject.问题1选项A.whyB.thatC.whetherD.when【答案】B【解析】考查同位语从句。doubt后面的that为同位语从句的引导词，修饰doubt。doubt引导的主从复合句中，用否定式时后面的引导词只能是that。相反如果doubt引导肯定意义的主从复合句中，引导词要用whether。句意：毫无疑问，公司对销售项目的决定是正确的。5.单选题TheRosettastonethwartedscholars’effortsforseveraldecadesuntiltheearlynineteenthcenturywhenseveralkeyhieroglyphicphrasesweredecodedusingtheGreekinscription.问题1选项A.stimulatedB.influencedC.frustratedD.encouraged【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。题干thwarted“阻止；阻挠”。A项“激发；激励”，B项“影响”，C项“使沮丧；阻止；防止”，D项“支持；鼓励”。因此选C。句意：罗塞塔石碑阻碍了学者们数十年的努力，直到19世纪初，希腊文字才对几个关键的象形文字进行了解码。6.单选题Manyoftheformerassociates____himwhenitbecameknownhowhehadabusedhispositionoftrust.问题1选项A.turnedagainstB.heldupC.convincedofD.wenton【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A.turnedagainst反对；背叛；采取敌对态度B.heldup举起；阻挡C.convincedof使确信D.wenton继续【答案】A【考查点】词组辨析。【解题思路】句意：当他滥用职权的事情被曝光后，很多前同事都……他。根据逻辑，因为他滥用职权，那么他的前同事应该是对他持反对态度的。因此选A。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。【句意】当他滥用职权被曝光后，许多前同事都转而反对他。7.翻译题晶体管（transistor）与电子管（electrontube）相比有好多优点（advantage）。【答案】Transistorhasmanyadvantagesoverelectrontube.8.单选题Hiltercommittedoneofthemost（）crimesinhistory.问题1选项A.violentB.venturousC.viciousD.virus【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。violent“暴力的，猛烈的”；venturous“不顾一切的，好冒险的”；vicious“恶毒的，恶意的，凶残的”；virus“病毒”。句意：Hilter犯下了历史上最暴力的行径之一。A项符合题意。9.单选题Itishardtopredicthowscienceisgoingtoturnout,andifitisreallygoodscienceitisimpossibletopredict.Ifthethingstobefoundareactuallynew,theyarebydefinitionunknowninadvance.Youcannotmakechoicesinthismatter.Youeitherhavescienceoryoudon'tandifyouhaveityouareobligedtoacceptthesurprisinganddisturbingpiecesofinformation,alongwiththeneatandpromptlyusefulbits.TheonlysolidpieceofscientifictruthaboutwhichIfeeltotallyconfidentisthatweareprofoundlyignorantaboutthenature.Indeed,Iregardthisasthemajordiscoveryofthepasthundredyearsofbiology.Itis,inthisway,anilluminatingpieceofnews.Itwouldhaveamazedthatthebrightestmindsofthe18thcenturyEnlightenmenttobetoldbyanyofushowlittleweknowandhowbewilderingseemsthewayahead.Itisthissuddenconfrontationwithdepthandscopeofignorancethatrepresentsthemostsignificantcontributionofthe20thcenturysciencetobethehumanintellect.Inearliertimes,weeitherpretendedtounderstandhowthingsworkedorignoredtheproblem,orsimplymadeupstoriestofillthegaps.Nowthatwehavebegunexploringinearnest,wearegettingglimpsesofhowhugethequestionsare;andhowfarfrombeinganswered.Becauseofthis,wearedepressed.Itisnotsobadbeingignorance,worstspotsandhereandtherethenot-so-badspots,butnotruelightattheendofthetunnelnorevenanytunnelsthatcanyetbetrusted.Butwearemakingabeginning,andthereoughttobesomesatisfaction.Thereareprobablynoquestionswecanthinkupthatcan’tbeanswered,soonerorlater,includingeventhematterofconsciousness.Tobesure,theremaywellbequestionswecan’tthinkup,andthereforelimitstothereachofhumanintellect,butthatisanothermatter.Withinourlimits,weshouldbeabletoworkourthroughtoallouranswers,ifwekeepatitlongenough,andpayattention.1.Accordingtotheauthor,reallygoodscience（ ）.2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatscientistsofthe18thcentury （ ）.  3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueofscientistsinearliertimes?4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsscience?问题1选项A.wouldsurprisethebrightestmindsofthe18thcenturyEnlightenment.B.willproduceresultswhichcannotbeforeseenC.willhelppeopletomaketherightchoiceinadvanceD.willbringaboutdisturbingresults问题2选项A.thoughtthattheyknewagreatdealandcouldsolvemostproblemofscienceB.wereafraidoffacinguptotherealitiesofscientificresearchC.knewthattheywereignorantandwantedtoknowmoreaboutnatureD.didmoreharmthangoodinpromotingman’sunderstandingofnature问题3选项A.Theyinventedfalsetheoriestoexplainthingtheydidn'tunderstand.B.Theyfalselyclaimedtoknowallaboutnature.C.Theydidnotbelieveinresultsfromscientificobservation.D.Theypaidlittleattentiontotheproblemstheydidn’tunderstand.问题4选项A.Heisdepressedbecauseoftheignoranceofscientists.B.Heisdoubtfulbecauseoftheenormousdifficultiesconfrontingit.C.Heisconfidentthoughheisawareoftheenormousdifficultiesconfrontingit.D.Heisdelightedbecauseoftheilluminatingscientificfindings.【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:C第4题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。文章第一句“Itishardtopredicthowscienceisgoingtoturnout,andifitisreallygoodscienceitisimpossibletopredict.”指出科学是很难预测的，如果真是科学，也就不可能去预测。文中的predict对应于选项B中的foreseen，所以选项B正确。2.推理判断题。根据文章中的“Itwouldhaveamazedthatthebrightestmindsofthe18thcenturyEnlightenmenttobetoldbyanyofushowlittleweknowandhowbewilderingseemsthewayahead.”“如果18世纪的科学家们被告知我们人类对世界几乎是一无所知的，那么他们将会非常震惊”可推断出18世纪的科学家并不认为自己对世界一无所知，所以A选项‘认为他们知道很多，可以解决大多数科学问题’正确，C选项与A选项表述相反，错误。B选项“不敢面对科学研究的事实”和D选项“在人类对自然界的理解方面产生了更多的不好的影响”没有在文章中体现。3.细节事实题。根据文章中的“Inearliertimes,weeitherpretendedtounderstandhowthingsworkedorignoredtheproblem,orsimplymadeupstoriestofillthegaps.”“在早期，我们要么假装知道事物的规律，要么对此置之不理或者用编造故事的方式来搪塞。”确定A选项“捏造错误的理论来解释他们不知道的事物”、B选项“他们假装知道有关自然界的一切”和D选项“他们对不懂的事情置之不理”都是早期科学家的特点，只有C选项“他们不相信科学观察得出的结果”没有提及，或者用排除法，C选项符合题意。4.观点态度题。根据文章中的“Thereareprobablynoquestionswecanthinkupthatcan'tbeanswered,soonerorlater...”“尽管有困难，但人类迟早会解决这些问题”所以C选项“虽然意识到困难重重但还是很有信心”符合作者对科学的态度。10.单选题Science,inpractice,dependsfarlessontheexperimentsitpreparesthanonthepreparednessofthemindsofthemenwhowatchtheexperiments.SirIsaacNewtonsupposedlydiscoveredgravitythroughthefallofanapple.Appleshadbeenfallinginmanyplacesforcenturiesandthousandsofpeoplehadseenthemfall.ButNewtonforyearshadbeencuriousaboutthecauseoftheorbitalmotionofthemoonandplanets.Whatkepttheminplace?Whydidn’ttheyfalloutofthesky?Thefactthattheapplefelldowntowardtheearthandnotupintothetreeansweredthequestionhehadbeenaskinghimselfaboutthoselargerfruitsoftheheavens,themoonandtheplanets.Howmanymenwouldhaveconsideredthepossibilityofanapplefallingupintothetree?Newtondidbecausehewasnottryingtopredictanything.Hewasjustwondering.Hismindwasreadyfortheunpredictable.Unpredictabilityispartoftheessentialnatureofresearch.Ifyoudon’thaveunpredictablethings,youdon’thaveresearch.Scientiststendtoforgetthiswhenwritingtheircutanddriedreportsforthetechnicaljournalsbuthistoryisfilledwithexamplesofit.Intalkingtosomescientists,particularlyyoungerones,youmightgathertheimpressionthattheyfindthe“scientificmethod”asubstituteforimaginativethought.I’veattendedresearchconferenceswhereascientisthasbeenaskedwhathethinksabouttheadvisabilityofcontinuingacertainexperiment.Thescientisthasfrowned,lookedatthegraphs,andsaid“thedataarestillinconclusive.”“Weknowthat,”themenfromthebudgetofficehavesaid,“butwhatdoyouthink?Isitworthwhilegoingon?Whatdoyouthinkwemightexpect?”Thescientisthasbeenshockedathavingevenbeenaskedtospeculate.Whatthisamountsto,ofcourse,isthatthescientisthasbecomethevictimofhisownwritings.Hehasputforwardunquestionedclaimssoconsistentlythathenotonlybelievesthemhimself,buthasconvincedindustrialandbusinessmanagementthattheyaretrue.Ifexperimentsareplannedandcarriedoutaccordingtoplanasfaithfullyasthereportsinthesciencejournalsindicate,thenitisperfectlylogicalformanagementtoexpectresearchtoproduceresultsmeasurableindollarsandcents.Itisentirelyreasonableforauditorstobelievethatscientistswhoknowexactlywheretheyaregoingandhowtheywillgetthereshouldnotbedistractedbythenecessityofkeepingoneeyeonthecashregisterwhiletheothereyeisonthemicroscope.Nor,ifregularityandconformitytoastandardpatternareasdesirabletothescientistasthewritingofhispaperswouldappeartoreflect,ismanagementtobeblamedfordiscriminatingagainstthe“oddballs”amongresearchersinfavorofmoreconventionalthinkerswho“workwellwiththeteam.”1.TheauthorwantstoprovewiththeexampleofIsaacNewtonthat（）.2.Theauthorassertsthatscientists（）.3.Itseemsthatsomeyoungscientists（）.4.Theauthorimpliesthattheresultsofscientificresearch（）.问题1选项A.inquiringmindsaremoreimportantthanscientificexperimentsB.scienceadvanceswhenfruitfulresearchersareconductedC.scientistsseldomforgettheessentialnatureofresearchD.unpredictabilityweighslessthanpredictioninscientificresearch问题2选项A.shouldn’treplace“scientificmethod”withimaginativethoughtB.shouldn’tneglecttospeculateonunpredictablethingsC.shouldwritemoreconcisereportsfortechnicaljournalsD.shouldbeconfidentabouttheirresearchfindings问题3选项A.haveakeeninterestinB.oftenspeculateonthefuturepredictionC.thinkhighlyofcreativethinkingD.stickto“scientificmethod”问题4选项A.maynotbeasprofitableastheyareexpectedB.canbemeasuredindollarsandcentsC.relyonconformitytoastandardpatternD.aremostlyunderestimatedbymanagement【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:D第4题:A【解析】1.推断题。根据文章第一段，“Science,inpractice,dependsfarlessontheexperimentsitpreparesthanonthepreparednessofthemindsofthemenwhowatchtheexperiments.”，可知在实践中，科学与其说依赖于它所准备的实验，不如说依赖于人对实验的思考。下文就用牛顿发现地心引力的例子证明了这一观点。可判断出作者想用艾萨克•牛顿的例子来证明求知的思维比科学实验更重要。选项A符合题意。2.作者态度题。根据文章第二段，“Unpredictabilityispartoftheessentialnatureofresearch.Ifyoudon’thaveunpredictablethings,youdon’thaveresearch.”，可知不可预测性是研究的本质之一。如果你没有不可预测的东西，你就没有研究。可判断出作者坚信科学家不应忽视对不可预测的事情进行推测。选项B符合题意。3.细节理解题。根据文章第三段，“Intalkingtosomescientists,particularlyyoungerones,youmightgathertheimpressionthattheyfindthe“scientificmethod”asubstituteforimaginativethought.”，可知在与一些科学家，尤其是年轻的科学家交谈时，你可能会得到这样的印象：他们发现科学 方法 快递客服问题件处理详细方法山木方法pdf计算方法pdf华与华方法下载八字理论方法下载 可以代替富有想象力的思维。可判断出一些年轻的科学家似乎会坚持使用科学方法而不是富有想象力的思维。选项D符合题意。4.推断题。根据文章最后一段，“Ifexperimentsareplannedandcarriedoutaccordingtoplanasfaithfullyasthereportsinthesciencejournalsindicate,thenitisperfectlylogicalformanagementtoexpectresearchtoproduceresultsmeasurableindollarsandcents.”，可知如果实验是像科学杂志上的报告所表明的那样，如实地按照 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 进行规划和实施，那么管理层期望研究能产生相应的利益是完全合乎逻辑的。但是有时候科学实验的结果不会验证预测，并不像期望中的那么有利可图。选项A符合题意。11.单选题 Drivingaracingcaronaspeedway（）ahorseonabridlepath.问题1选项A.isinsomewayslikewhenyouareridingB.isinsomewaysisinthesameclassasridingC.isinsomewayssimilartowhenyouareridingD.isinsomewayssimilartoriding【答案】D【解析】语法题。此句句意为：在高速公路上驾驶赛车在某些方面就像你在马道上骑马一样。因此D项无论是从句意还是从语法上都正确。句子是把drivingaracingcar比作ridingahorse，因此A项中，whenyouare属于多余部分，A项排除。B项句意不符，C项中，besimilarto后面直接接sth.或doingsth.，故排除。12.单选题Afriendshipmaybe（）,casual,situationalordeepandlasting.问题1选项A.identicalB.superficialC.criticalD.original【答案】B【解析】形容词词义辨析。identical同一的，完全相同的；superficial表面的，肤浅的；critical批判的，爱挑剔的；original原始的，最初的。句意：友谊可以是、随意的、情境性的，也可以是深刻而持久的。根据句意可知填空处的词应与deep和lasting意义相反，且与casual和situational意义相似，选项B符合语境。13.单选题（）I’llmarryhimallthesame.问题1选项A.WasherichorpoorB.WhetherrichorpoorC.WereherichorpoorD.Beherichorpoor【答案】D【解析】语法题——考查虚拟语气。D选项这是省略whether后的让步状语从句，从句用了省略should虚拟语气，省略whether后，句子要倒装，原句等于whetherhe(should）berichorpoor...，谓语动词提前时要用从句谓语原形动词即be，排除A、C项；而B选项省略错误，逻辑主语发生了变化。句意：不管他是穷是富，我都要嫁给他。因此D选项正确。14.单选题Someanthropologistsclaimthatafewapeshavebeentaughtarudimentarysignlanguages,butskepticsarguethattheapesareonly_______theirtrainers.问题1选项A.imitatingB.condoningC.instructingD.acknowledging【答案】A【解析】imitating模仿,效法;condoning宽恕,赦免;instructing指导,教;acknowledging承认,答谢。句意：一些人类学家声称,一些猿类已经学会了基本的手语,但持怀疑态度的人认为,猿类只是在模仿它们的驯兽师。选项A符合句意。15.翻译题I’vecometoappreciatethatlifehasitsowntimetable.Ittakesninemonthstomakeababy,2lyearstomakeanadult.Ittakesalongtimetobecomeagoodviolinistordownhillskier.Italsotakestimetobecomeasuccess—andevenmoretimetobecomeasuccessasaperson.Perhapsthelastthingforcontrollingimpatienceistoexamineyourowncontributiontoit.Areyouunwillingtograntchildrentimetolearn,orslowpeopletimetoaccomplishatask?Ifimpatienceisonlyoccasional,yourannoyancewillpass.Butifyou’realmostalwaysirritableandabrupt,youmaywellfeelthatyou’rejusttooimportanttoeverbekeptwaitingforanyoneoranything.You’renot,ofcourse;noneofusare.Ifwecanacceptthattheworldisourstoenjoybutnotmadeforourconvenience,we’llbebetterabletomovethroughitequably,morepatientwiththeordinaryvicissitudesoflifeandagoodcompaniontoourfellowhumanbeings—andtoourselves.【答案】我已经开始欣赏生活有它自己的时间表。9个月就能生个孩子，21年就能长大成人。要成为一名优秀的小提琴家或滑降选手需要很长时间。成功也需要时间，甚至要花费更多的时间来成为一个成功的人。也许控制不耐烦的最后一件事是检查你自己对它的贡献。你是不愿意给孩子学习的时间，还是不愿意给慢吞吞的人完成任务的时间？如果只是偶尔不耐烦，那么你的烦恼就会过去。但如果你几乎总是易怒和唐突，那么你很可能会觉得自己太重要，以至于不应该等待任何人或任何事。当然，你不是最重要的，我们都不是最重要的。如果我们能接受这个世界是我们享受的，而不是为我们的便利而创造的，我们就能更好地平静度过，对普通的生活变迁更有耐心，并成为我们人类同胞和我们自己的好伴侣。16.单选题Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.问题1选项A.Tounderstandthemechanismofthehumanbrain.B.Toseeiftheyareinherenttraitsaffectinglearning.C.Tocategorizedifferenttypesoflearners.D.Tofindoutwhatstudentsprefertolearn.问题2选项A.Itwasoriginalindesign.B.Itwasthought-provoking.C.Itwasdefective.D.Itwasmisguided.问题3选项A.Readingplaintextsismoreeffectivethanviewingpictures.B.Scientificconceptsarehardtounderstandwithoutvisualaids.C.Auditoryaidsareasimportantasvisualaids.D.Visualaidsarehelpfultoalltypesoflearners.【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:D【解析】RecordingOneHaveyoueverhadsomeonetrytoexplainsomethingtoyouadozentimeswithnoluck—butthen,whenyouseeapicture,theideafinallyclicks?Ifthatsoundsfamiliar,maybeyoumightconsideryourselfavisuallearner.Or,ifreadingorlisteningdoesthetrick,maybeyoufeellikeyou’reaverballearner.Wecalltheselabelslearningstyles,butistherereallyawaytocategorizedifferenttypesofstudents?Well,itactuallyseemsthatmultiplepresentationformats,especiallyifoneofthemisvisual,helpmostpeoplelearn.[16]Whenpsychologistsandeducatorstestforlearningstyles,they’retryingtofigureoutwhethertheseareinherenttraitsthataffecthowwellstudentslearn,insteadofjustapreference.Usually,theystartbygivingasurveytofigureoutwhatstyleastudentfavors,likevisualorverballearning.Then,theytrytoteachthestudentssomethingwithaspecificpresentationstyle,likeusingvisualaids,anddoafollow-uptesttoseehowmuchtheylearned.Thatway,theresearcherscanseeiftheself-identifiedverballearnersreallylearnedbetterwhentheinformationwasjustspokenaloud,forexample.But,accordingtoa2008review,onlyonestudythatfollowedthisdesignfoundthatstudentsactuallylearnedbestwiththeirpreferredstyle.[17]Butthestudyhadsomebigflaws.Theresearchersexcludedtwothirdsoftheoriginalparticipantsbecausetheydidn’tseemtohaveanyclearlearningstylefromthesurveyatthebeginning,andtheydidn’tevenreporttheactualtestscoresinthefinalpaper.So...itdoesn’treallyseemlikelearningstylesareaninherenttraitthatweallhave.But,thatdoesn’tmeanthatallstudentswilldoamazinglyiftheyjustspendalltheirtimereadingfromatextbook.Instead,mostpeopleseemtolearnbetterifthey’retaughtinseveralways,especiallyifoneisvisual.Inonestudy,researcherstestedwhetherstudentsrememberedlistsofwordsbetteriftheyheardthem,sawthem,orboth.Andeveryoneseemedtodobetteriftheygottoseethewordsinprint,eventheself-identifiedauditorylearners.Theirpreferencedidn’tseemtomatter.Similarstudiestestedwhetherstudentslearnedbasicphysicsandchemistryconceptsbetterbyreadingplaintextorviewingpictures,too.[18]Andeveryonedidbetterwiththehelpofpictures.16.Whydopsychologistsandeducatorsstudylearningstyles?【试题答案】B【试题解析】题目问为什么心理学家和教育家要研究学习方式？录音提到，当心理学家和教育学家为学习方式做测试时，他们试图弄清楚这些是否是影响学生学习效果的固有特征，因此B选项“看它们是否是影响学习的固有特征”符合录音原文表述。A选项“了解人类大脑的 机制 综治信访维稳工作机制反恐怖工作机制企业员工晋升机制公司员工晋升机制员工晋升机制图 ”和D选项“找出学生更喜欢学什么”在录音中均没有信息提及；C选项“对不同类型的学习者进行分类”，利用录音的categorizedifferenttypesofstudents设干扰，录音中只是质疑是否真的有办法把不同类型的学生分类，这并不是心理学家和教育家研究学习方式的原因，因此C选项不正确。17.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutonestudymentionedinthe2008review?【试题答案】C【试题解析】题目问说话者对2008年评论中提到的一项研究有何看法？录音提到，这项研究存在一些重大缺陷，因此C选项“它是有缺陷的”正确。A选项“它在设计上是原创的”，利用录音的original设干扰，录音只是提到研究人员排除了三分之二的最初参与者，并未提到设计上的事，因此A选项不正确；B选项“它是发人深省的”和D选项“它被误导了”在录音中没有信息提及。18.Whatmessagedoesthespeakerwanttoconveyaboutlearningattheendoftalk?【试题答案】D【试题解析】题目问在谈话的最后，说话者想传达关于学习的什么信息？录音最后提到，类似的研究测试了学生通过阅读纯文本或观看图片是否能更好地学习基本的物理和化学概念，所有人在图片的帮助下都做得更好。由此可知，D选项“视觉上的辅助对所有类型的学习者都有用”符合录音原文表述。A选项“阅读纯文本比看图片更有效”与录音最后提到的实验结果恰好相反，因此错误；B选项“没有视觉辅助，科学概念很难理解”，录音中未提及理解科学概念的难度，因此B选项属于无中生有的错误选项；C选项“听觉辅助和视觉辅助一样重要”，录音提到一项研究测试学生在听、看和听看并用的情况下记单词的效果。结果发现，所有学生在“看”单词时，记单词的效果最好，即使自认为偏好用“听”来学习的学生也是这样。由此可见，“看”应该比“听”效果更好，因此排除C选项。17.单选题Hispicturesofthesnowevokeitscontradictions,thewayitbothconcealsand________.问题1选项A.revealsB.addressesC.sustainsD.confesses【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A.reveals揭示，显示B.addresses写地址，致函C.sustains维持，保持D.confesses坦白，承认【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】由“contradictions（矛盾）”可知，空格处和上文的“conceals（遮掩）”应该是相对立的，遮掩的反义词是揭示，说明他的照片既遮掩着事物，又揭示着事物，所以展现出矛盾的个性。reveal指让隐藏的事物被看见或被人所知，因此A选项reveals“揭示，显示”最符合题意。【干扰项排除】B选项addresses“写地址，演讲”指在信封上写下收信人的名字、地址等，不符合题干的语义逻辑；C选项sustains“维持，保持”指提供某人或某物生存或存在所需的足够的东西，不能和“conceals（遮掩）”相对立；D选项confesses“坦白，承认”指正式承认做了错事或非法的事，不符合题干的语义逻辑。【句意】他的雪景照片映射出矛盾的个性，既遮掩着事物，又揭示着事物。18.单选题Theboycyclinginthestreetwasknockeddownbyaminibusandreceived（）injuries.问题1选项A.fatalB.excessiveC.disastrousD.exaggerated【答案】A【解析】句意:在街上，骑车的男孩被一辆小型客车撞倒，生命垂危。考查形容词辨析。fatal致命的，灾难性的，重大的，决定性的。excessive极度的，过分的;disastrous灾难性的，损失惨重的;exaggerate夸大的，言过其实的。就前面句意“骑车的男孩被一辆小型客车撞倒”可知A正确。19.单选题PassageOneItisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostofp