考研考博-英语-淮阴师范学院考试押题卷含答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-淮阴师范学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！卷I一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题Ifit（）tomorrow,thematchwouldbeputoff.问题1选项A.weretorainB.wastorainC.wasrainingD.hadrained【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。If引导条件状语从句，句子用虚拟语气。对将来情况的虚拟，主句用would/should/could/might+动词原形，从句用if+主语+did/weretodo/shoulddo，所以本题应该选A选项“weretorain”，正确。2.单选题（ ）shewaslivinginParisthatshemetherhusbandTerry.问题1选项A.JustwhenB.ItwaswhileC.SoonafterD.Duringthetimewhen【答案】B【解析】考查强调句型。Itis+被强调部分+that+其他成分，选项B符合题意。3.单选题Youdon’thavetoinstallthisradioinyournewcar,it’san（ ）extra.问题1选项A.excessiveB.optionalC.additionalD.arbitrary【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析题。A选项excessive“过多的，过分的，额外的”；B选项optional“可选择的，随意的”；C选项additional“另外的，附加的，额外的”；D选项arbitrary“任意的，武断的，独裁的”。句意：你不一定非得在新车上安装收音机，它是可选的配件。结合此处语义，B选项正确。4.单选题Theambassadorwasgiventhebookasatokenofthegovernment’sregardforhim.问题1选项A.anestimationB.amementoC.ashareD.apreview【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。token表示“象征，代表”；A项estimation“尊重，估计”，B项memento“纪念品”，C项share“份额，股份”，D项preview“预览”。句意：大使被授予此书，表示政府对他的关心。因此B项正确。5.翻译题美国有五分之四的人在工作中感受到压力。是什么原因引起的工作压力呢？许多人认为不公平或不切实际的工作量是其中一个主要原因。这种工作量常常会导致个人生活和职业生活失衡。另一个原因是缺乏工作安全感。如果你不停地担心下周是否还能有工作，压力就会进入并占领你的生活。如果你还需要养家、养孩子，情况就更会如此。【答案】FouroutoffiveAmericansfeelpressureatwork.Whatcausesworkpressure?Manypeoplebelievethatunfairorunrealisticworkloadsareoneofthemainreasons.Thiskindofworkloadoftenleadstoanimbalancebetweenpersonalandprofessionallives.Anotherreasonislackofjobsecurity.Ifyouareconstantlyworryingaboutwhetheryouwillhaveajobnextweek,stresswillenterandtakeoveryourlife.Thisisespeciallytrueifyoustillneedtosupportyourfamilyandchildren.6.单选题Formostpeople,shoppingisstillamatterofwanderingdownthehighstreetorloadingacartinashoppingmall.Soon,thatwillchange.Electroniccommerceisgrowingfastandwillsoonbringpeoplemorechoice.Therewill,however,beacost;protectingtheconsumerfromfraudwillbeharder.Manygovernmentsthereforewanttoextendhigh-streetregulationstotheelectronicworld.Butpoliticianswouldbewisertoseecyberspaceasabasisforaneweraofcorporateself-regulation.Consumersinrichcountrieshavegrownusedtotheideathatthegovernmenttakesresponsibilityforeverythingfromthestabilityofthebankstothesafetyofthedrugs,ortheirrightstorefundwhengoodsarefaulty.Butgovernmentscannotenforcenationallawsonbusinesseswhoseonlypresenceintheircountryisonascreen.Othercountrieshaveregulators,buttherulesofconsumerprotectiondiffer,asdoesenforcement.Evenwhereaclearrighttocompensationexists,theon-linecataloguecustomerinTokyo,say,canhardlygotoNewYorktoextractarefundforadudpurchase.Oneanswerisforgovernmentstocooperatemore:torecognizeeachother’srules.Butthatrequiresyearsofworkandvolumesofdetailedrules.Andplentyofcountrieshaverulestoofancifulforsoberstatestoaccept.Thereis,however,analternative.Lettheelectronicbusinessesdothe“regulation”themselves.Theydo,afterall,haveaself-interestindoingso.Inelectroniccommerce,areputationforhonestdealingwillbeavaluablecompetitiveasset.Governments,too,maycompetetobetrusted.Forinstance,customersorderingmedicineson-linemayprefertobuyfromtheUnitedStatesbecausetheytrusttherigorousscreeningoftheFoodandDrugAdministration;ortheymaydecidethattheFDA’srulesaretoostrict,andbuyfromSwitzerlandinstead.Consumerswillstillneedtousetheirjudgment.Butpreciselybecausethetechnologyisnew,electronicshoppersarelikelyforawhiletobealotmorecautiousthanconsumersofthenormalsort—andthenewtechnologywillalsomakeiteasierforthemtocomplainnoisilywhenacompanyletsthemdown.Inthisway,atleast,theadventofcyberspacemayargueforfewerconsumerprotectionlaws,notmore.1.Accordingtotheauthor,whatwillbethebestpolicyforelectroniccommerce?2.Incaseanelectronicshopperboughtfaultygoodsfromaforeigncountry,whatcouldhedointhepresentcircumstances?3.Intheauthor’sview,businesseswouldplaceahighpremiumonhonestdealingbecauseintheelectronicworld（ ）.  4.WecaninferfromthepassagethatinlicensingnewdrugstheFDAintheUnitedStatesis（ ）.  5.Theworld“cyberspace”inthelastparagraphprobablyrefersto（ ）.问题1选项A.Self-regulationbythebusinesses.B.Strictconsumerprotectionlaws.C.Closeinternationalcooperation.D.Governmentprotection.问题2选项A.RefusetopayforthepurchaseB.GotothesellerandaskforarefundC.AppealtoconsumerprotectionlawsD.Complainaboutitviaelectronicmail问题3选项A.internationalcooperationwouldbemuchmoreenhancedB.consumerscouldeasilyseekgovernmentprotectionC.agoodreputationisagreatadvantageincompetitionD.itwouldbeeasyforconsumerstocomplain问题4选项A.veryquickB.verycautiousC.veryslowD.rathercareless问题5选项A.theouterspaceB.artificialintelligenceC.thecommercialworldD.computernetworks【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:B第5题:D【解析】第1题:细节事实题。文章第三段中的内容为：答案之一是各国政府更多地合作：承认彼此的 规则 编码规则下载淘宝规则下载天猫规则下载麻将竞赛规则pdf麻将竞赛规则pdf 。但这需要多年的工作和大量的详细规则。而且许多国家的规则对此来说都太不切实际了。然而，还有一种选择。让电子企业自己做“监管”，毕竟，这样做对他们是有利的。句中的“regulation”themselves即self-regulation，因此选A。第2题:细节事实题。由文章最后一段中的thenewtechnologywillalsomakeiteasierforthemtocomplainnoisilywhenacompanyletsthemdown（新技术还将使他们更容易在公司让他们失望时大声抱怨）可知D选项“通过电子邮件抱怨”符合题意。第3题:细节事实题。由文章第四段中的Inelectroniccommerce,areputationforhonestdealingwillbeavaluablecompetitiveasset.（在电子商务中，诚实交易的声誉将是一种有价值的竞争资产）可知C选项“良好的声誉是竞争中的一大优势”符合题意。第4题:推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段中的Forinstance,customersorderingmedicineson-linemayprefertobuyfromtheUnitedStatesbecausetheytrusttherigorousscreeningoftheFoodandDrugAdministration;ortheymaydecidethattheFDA’srulesaretoostrict,andbuyfromSwitzerlandinstead.（例如，在线订购药品的客户可能更喜欢从美国购买药品，因为他们相信食品药品监督管理局的严格审查；或者他们可能认为FDA的规定过于严格，而选择从瑞士购买）可知FDA对药品的管理非常严格和谨慎，因此选B。第5题:词义题。文章主要介绍了电子商务交易存在的问题，故cyberspace与electroniccommerce（电子商务）和theelectronicworld（电子世界）有关，而电子商务、电子世界是通过计算机网络进行的，因此选D。7.单选题ThedifferencebetweenthepolarandequatorialdiametersofMarshasnotbeenunequivocallydetermined.问题1选项A.definitelyB.arithmeticallyC.polemicallyD.copiously【答案】A【解析】考查副词辨析。题干unequivocally“明确地，毫不含糊地”。A项“确切地，明确地”，B项“算术上”，C项“争论地”，D项“丰富地；充裕地”。所以选A。句意：尚未明确确定火星的极地直径与赤道直径之间的差异。8.问答题Amidthemultipleviolentincidents,acrackdownonterrorisminallformshasbeenaddedto                                             A                 BChina’stoppriorities.Thegovernmentcalledonimprovedintelligencecollection,integrated                                         Cpreventionandcontrolmeasures,andbetterearly-warningandemergencyresponsecapabilities                  Dsoastoleavenoloopholesforterroriststoexploit.【答案】试题答案：D;controlling【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词且and连接的为并列成分，需用一个形容词来修饰名词measures，因此用control的现在分词形式controlling作定语。9.单选题WiththeextensionofdemocraticrightsinthefirsthalfofthenineteenthcenturyandtheensuingdeclineoftheFederalistestablishment,anewconceptionofeducationbegantoemerge.Educationwasnolongeraconfirmationofapre-existingstatus,butaninstrumentintheacquisitionofhigherstatus.Foranewgenerationofupwardlymobilestudents,thegoalofeducationwasnottopreparethemtolivecomfortablyintheworldintowhichtheyhadbeenborn,buttoteachthemnewvirtuesandskillsthatwouldpropelthemintoadifferentandbetterworld.Educationbecametraining;andthestudentwasnolongerthegentleman-in-waiting,butthejourneymanapprenticefor-upwardmobility.Inthenineteenth,centuryacollegeeducationbegantobeseenasawaytogetaheadintheworld.Thefoundingoftheland-grantcollegesopenedthedoorsofhighereducationtopoorbutaspiringboysfromnon-Anglo-Saxon,working-classandlower-middle-classbackgrounds.Themythofthepoorboywhoworkedhiswaythroughcollegetosuccessdrewmillionsofpoorboystothenewcampuses,Andwiththisshift,educationbecamemorevocational:itsobjectwastheacquisitionofpracticalskillsandusefulinformation.Forthegentleman-in-waiting,virtueconsistedaboveallingraceandstyle,indoingwellwhatwasappropriatetohisposition;educationwasmerelyawayofacquiringpolish.Andvicewasmanifestedingracelessness,awkwardness,inbehavinginappropriately,discourteously,orostentatiously.Fortheapprentice,however,virtuewasevidencedinsuccessthroughhardwork.Therequisitequalitiesofcharacterwerenotgraceorstyle,butdrive,determination,andasharpeyeforopportunity.Whilecasualliberalityandevenprodigalitycharacterizedthegentleman,frugality,thrift,andself-controlcametodistinguishthenewapprentice.Andwhilethegentlemandidnotaspiretoahigherstationbecausehisstationwasalreadyhigh,theapprenticewascontinuallybecoming,striving,strugglingupward.Failurefortheapprenticemeantstandingstill,notrising.1.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirstparagraph?2.Thedifferencebetween"gentleman-in-waiting"and"journeyman"isthat（ ）.3.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,land-grantCollege（ ）.  4.Whichofthefollowingwasthemostimportantfora“gentleman-in-waiting”？5.Thebesttitleforthepassageis（ ）.问题1选项A.Democraticideasstartedwitheducation.B.Federalistswereopposedtoeducation.C.Neweducationhelpedconfirmpeople'ssocialstatus.D.Oldeducationhadbeenintunewithhierarchicalsociety.问题2选项A.educationtrainedgentleman-in-waitingtoclimbhigherladdersB.journeymanwasreadytotakewhateverwasgiventohimC.gentleman-in-waitingbelongedtoafixedandhighsocialclassD.journeymancoulddopracticallynothingwithouteducation问题3选项A.belongedtotheland-owningclassB.enlargedthescopeofeducationC.wasprovidedonlytothepoorD.benefitedallbuttheupperclass问题4选项A.Manners.B.Education.C.Moral.D.Personality.问题5选项A.EducationandProgressB.OldandNewSocialNormsC.NewEducation:OpportunitiesforMoreD.DemeritsofHierarchicalSociety【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:B第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.文章第一段第二句Educationwasnolongeraconfirmationofapre-existingstatus,butaninstrumentintheacquisitionofhigherstatus提到教育不再是人们先前存在的地位的确定，而成了获得更高地位的手段。选项D“教育不再是确定社会地位的手段”符合题意。2.文章第一段最后一句Educationbecametraining;andthestudentwasnolongerthegentleman-in-waiting,butthejourneymanapprenticefor-upwardmobility提到教育成了培训，学生不再是等在那里的绅士，而是要提升自己经济地位的熟练学徒。由此可知，绅士与学徒之间的区别就是：前者不用将教育当成工具去努力争取社会地位，因为他们的社会地位本来就高，选项C符合题意。3.文章第二段第二句Thefoundingoftheland-grantcollegesopenedthedoorsofhighereducationtopoorbutaspiringboysfromnon-Anglo-Saxon,working-classandlower-middle-classbackgrounds提到国家公立修建的学校为那些来自非盎格鲁-撒克逊血统、工人阶级和中下层背景的贫穷担忧抱负的男孩们敞开大门。选项B“扩大了教育范围”符合题意。4.文章第三段第一句提到对于绅士，美德首先包含高雅和风度（Forthegentleman-in-waiting,virtueconsistedaboveallingraceandstyle），由此可知，选项A“行为举止”符合题意。5.文章通过对新旧两种教育体质下的学生进行比较，主要讲的是新的教育观念，并没有涉及教育的发展、社会准则等问题。选项C符合题意。10.翻译题Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.StandingintherightspotinthisgiganticcityandhillsdrapedwithapartmentcomplexescanremindyouofHongKong,thedensityofhabitationwillrecallTokyoandtheriver-spanningbrawn,repletewithanimmensenewstructureovertheYangtzethatechoestheBrooklynBridge,mightrecallNewYork.Everywhereonelookshere,therearenewexpressways,newbridgesandtoweringnewhousingcomplexesrising,somanyinfactthatitistheoccasionalglimpseofsomethingold,ratherthanthesightofanythingnew,thattakesone’sbreathaway.Chinahasbuiltmegacitiesbefore,ofcourse.Thecountry’sricheastaboundswiththem,strungalongthecoastfromTianjininthenorthtoShenzheninthefarsouthlikesomanypearls.ButtheswiftriseofChongqingrepresentsanewdeparture:amajorpushbyBeijingtospreadthefruitsofChina’seconomicboomtothecountry’svastinterior,hometothreeChineseinfour.Oneafteranother,thebigcitiesoftheinteriorhaveeagerlyenteredtheracetourbanize,withmanyopenlybrandishingtheobjectiveofbecominga“worldcity”withinafewyears.Butwhetherjudgedbyitssize,itsambitionorthescaleoftransformation,Chongqing,withits12millionpeople,remainsinaclassbyitself.【答案】置身于这座巨大的城市，站在密密麻麻满是公寓楼的山坡上可能会使你想到香港；这里密集的人口会让你想到东京；而那横跨长江两岸、仿效布鲁克林大桥豁然耸立的庞大新建筑物，或许会让你想到纽约。放眼望去，到处都可以看到新建的高速公路，新架的桥梁和新盖的高耸入云的住宅楼。事实上，这类新建筑实在是太多了，令人目不暇接，以至于让人感到惊讶不已的往往不是什么新的高楼大厦，而是偶然瞥见一座旧建筑。当然，在此之前中国已经有了一些超大城市，尤其在富裕的东部地区为数不少。这些城市从华北的天津到最南端的深圳，像一串珍珠镶嵌在中国沿海各地。但是重庆的迅速崛起却象征着一种新的开端：这表明北京正在大力推动中国经济繁荣的成果，将其延伸到幅员辽阔的内陆地区，那里是全国四分之三人口的家园。中国内地的城市一个接一个竞相城镇化，其中很多城市公开炫耀它们的目标，声称要在几年内建成“世界大都市”。但无论从城市大小、追求目标还是改革规模来衡量，拥有1200万人口的重庆仍是独一无二的。11.单选题TheartistoftheRenaissancewasanall-roundman.Fromhisstudioonecouldorderapaintingforthechurchaltar,acarvedweddingchest,asilverewer,oracrucifix.ThemasteroftheworkshopmightbesculpturingaVenusfortheduke’sgardenwhilehisapprenticeswereroughingstatuesforthenewchapel.Manyofthewell-knownpaintersofthatgoldenperiodweregoldsmiths,workersinglass,enameloriron.Theengineerwasartistandtheartistwasengineer.ThegreatLeonardo,famoustodayasthepainterofTheLastSupperandMonaLisa,wasperhapsequallywellknowninthe16thcenturyforhisengineeringprojectsandhisscientificexperiments.OurownThomasA.Edisonpronouncedhimthegreatestinventivegeniusofhistime.1.AnimportantcenturyintheRenaissancewas（ ）.2.Whenwewanttosaythatamancoulddomanythings,wesayheis（ ）.  3.Thewordforhelperinthispassageis（ ）.  4.ThepainteroftheLastSupperwas（ ）.  5.Awordforinventiveis（ ）.问题1选项A.thetwelfthB.theeighteenthC.thefourteenthD.thesixteenth问题2选项A.anartist-engineerB.apainterC.equallywell-knownD.anall-roundman问题3选项A.masterB.workerC.apprenticeD.goldsmith问题4选项A.MonaLisaB.adukeC.LeonardoD.ThomasEdison问题5选项A.creativeB.scientificC.engineerD.genius【答案】第1题:D第2题:D第3题:C第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.判断推理题。文章中提到达芬奇生活在16世纪，本段说的就是文艺复兴时期的艺术家。因此可推断16世纪就是文艺复兴时期的一个重要世纪。D选项正确。2.语义推断题。文章第一句就称文艺复兴时期的艺术家为“all-roundman全才”从第二句开始就描写了一个艺术家的多重身份，由此可知，具备多方面的才能的人就是“全才”，D选项正确。3.语义推断题。A选项master“主人；大师”；B选项worker“工人；劳动者”；C选项apprentice“学徒；生手”；D选项goldsmith“金匠”。这四个身份中，唯一与helper“助手”相关的词应是C选项学徒，第三句说到“ThemasteroftheworkshopmightbesculpturingaVenusfortheduke’sgardenwhilehisapprenticeswereroughingstatuesforthenewchapel.作坊的大师可能正在为公爵的花园雕刻维纳斯雕像，而他的学徒们则在为新教堂雕刻雕像的毛坯。”说明学徒们只是助手角色，因此C选项正确。4.事实细节题。在倒数第二句中提到“thegreatLeonardo,famoustodayasthepainterofTheLastSupperandMonaLisa”可知Leonardo是TheLastSupper的画家。C选项正确。5.语义推断题。Incentive在文中是爱迪生用来形容Leonardo（达芬奇）的，后面的名词是genius“天才”。A选项creative“创造性的”；B选项scientific“科学的”；C选项engineer“ 工程 路基工程安全技术交底工程项目施工成本控制工程量增项单年度零星工程技术标正投影法基本原理 师”；D选项genius“天才”。C和D词性不符合，B选项一般不用来形容天才，因此A选项正确的。incentive本义表示“发明的”。12.单选题Theriverisalready（ ）itsbanksbecauseofexcessiverainfall;andthecityisthreatenedwithalikelyflood.问题1选项A.paralleltoB.levelinC.flatonD.flushwith【答案】D【解析】短语辨析。句意:由于降雨过多，河水己经（ ）到河床，整座城市有可能受到洪水威胁。parallelto:与…平行;levelin:相等;flaton:平躺;flushwith:与…齐平。因此D项符合句意。13.单选题Flightsimulator(飞行模拟器)referstoanyelectronicormechanicalsystemfortrainingairplaneandspacecraftpilotandcrewmemberbysimulatingflightconditions.Thepurposeofsimulationisnottocompletelysubstitute（1）actualflighttrainingbuttothoroughlyfamiliarizestudentswiththevehicle（2）beforethey（3）extensiveandpossiblydangerousactualflighttraining.Simulationsalsoareusefulforreviewandforfamiliarizingpilotswithnew（4）toexistingcraft.TwoearlyflightsimulatorsappearedinEnglandwithinadecadeafterthefirstflightofOrvilleandWilburWright.Theyweredesignedtoenablepilotstosimulatesimpleaircraft（5）inthreedimensions:noseupordown;leftwinghighandrightlow,orviceversa;and（6）toleftorright.Ittookuntil1929,however,foratrulyeffectivesimulator,theLinkTrainer,toappear,devisedbyEdwinA.Link,aself-educatedaviatorandinventorfromBinghamton,NewYork.（7）,airplaneinstrumentationhadbeendevelopedsufficientlytopermit“blind”flyingoninstrumentsalone,buttrainingpilotstodosoinvolved（8）risk.Linkbuiltamodelofanairplanecockpitequipped（9）instrumentpanelandcontrolsthatcouldrealisticallystimulateallthemovementsofanairplane.Pilotscouldusethedeviceforinstrumenttraining,manipulatingthecontrols（10）instrumentreadingssoastomaintainstraightandlevelflightor（11）climbordescentwithnovisualreference（12）—anyhorizonexceptfortheartificialoneontheinstrumentpanel.Thetrainerwasmodified（13）aircrafttechnologyadvanced.CommercialairlinesbegantousetheLinkTrainerforpilottrainingandtheUSgovernmentbeganpurchasingthemin1934,（14）thousandsmoreasWorldWarIIapproached.Technologicaladvancesduringthewar,particularlyinelectronics,helpedtomaketheflightsimulatorincreasingly（15）.Theuseofefficientanalogcomputersintheearly1950sledtofurtherimprovements.Airplanecockpits,controls,andinstrumentdisplayshadbythenbecomesoindividualizedthatitwasnolongerfeasibletouseageneralizedtrainertopreparepilotstoflyanything（16）thesimplestlightplanes.Bythe1950s,theUSAirForcewasusingsimulatorsthatprecisely（17）thecockpitsofitsplanes.Duringtheearly1960s（18）digitalandhybridcomputerswereadopted,andtheirspeedandflexibilityrevolutionizedsimulationsystems.Furtheradvancesincomputerand（19）technology,notablythedevelopmentofvirtual-realitysimulation,havemadeitpossibleto（20）highlycomplexreal-lifeconditions.问题1选项A.forB.toC.withD.on问题2选项A.concerningB.concernC.beingconcernedD.concerned问题3选项A.undertakeB.undergoC.underplayD.underuse问题4选项A.modelsB.modificationsC.modifiersD.maneuvers问题5选项A.manifestationsB.manipulationsC.manifestoesD.maneuvers问题6选项A.yawlingB.yawningC.yawingD.yawping问题7选项A.FromthenonB.FromnowonC.BynowD.Bythen问题8选项A.considerableB.considerateC.consideringD.considered问题9选项A.forB.inC.withD.on问题10选项A.onthepartofB.onthebasisofC.onthetrackofD.onthevergeof问题11选项A.controlB.controllableC.controlledD.controller问题12选项A.toB.forC.onD.in问题13选项A.asforB.astopC.asD.for问题14选项A.acquiringB.requiringC.sustainingD.retaining问题15选项A.actualB.realisticC.realizingD.true问题16选项A.exceptB.exceptforC.apartfromD.but问题17选项A.replenishedB.replacedC.replicatedD.reposed问题18选项A.electronicB.electricC.electricityD.electron问题19选项A.programB.programmableC.programmedD.programming问题20选项A.resurrectB.reproduceC.resuscitateD.resume【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:B第4题:B第5题:D第6题:C第7题:D第8题:A第9题:C第10题:B第11题:C第12题:A第13题:C第14题:A第15题:B第16题:D第17题:C第18题:A第19题:D第20题:B【解析】第1题:考查固定搭配。substituteforsb../sth.代替某人/某物。第2题:语法题。考查非谓语动词。这里表示“让学生熟悉相关装置”，因此选D项。这里是动词的过去分词形式作后置定语。第3题:考查动词辨析。undertake承担，同意，保证；undergo经历，经受；underplay对…轻描淡写;underuse未充分利用。此处动词的宾语为“大规模的危险性的实战训练”，因此B项符合句意。第4题:考查名词辨析。model模型，典型，模范;modification修改，修正，改变;modifier调节器，修饰语;modica口风琴。根据关键词familiarizingwith和空白后面的介词to可知B项正确。第5题:考查名词辨析。manifestation表现，显示，示威运动；manipulation操作，处理；manifesto宣言，声明;maneuver演习，策略。这里表示“模拟简单的飞行演习”，故选D。第6题:考查动词辨析。yawl船载小艇，小帆船；yawn张开；打哈欠；yaw偏航；偏荡；yawp大声叫嚷。分析句子可知此处是对三维模拟飞行演习作进一步说明，故选C项。第7题:考查短语辨析。上文句意为:直到1929年，一架真正有效的飞行模器出现。因此这里表示:…飞机上的仪器设备已经得到了充分发展。因此D“到那时为止”符合句意。第8题:考查形容词辨析。considerable相当大的，重要的，值得考虑的;considerate体贴的，考虑周到的；considering（介词）考虑到…;considered经过深思熟虑的，被尊重的。空格处用来修饰名词risk(风险，危险)，故选A。第9题:考查固定搭配。Beequippedwith配备有…；装有…；装备有。第10题:考查短语辨析。onthepartof就……而言;onthebasisof根据，基于;onthetrackof追踪；onthevergeof濒临于，接近于。该处表示“驾驶员对控制装置的操纵通常是基于仪表盘上面的读数”，故选B项。第11题:语义分析。control控制，管理，抑制；controllable可控制的，可管理的；controlled受约束的，克制的；controller控制器，管理员。分析句子可知，此处表示“不需要通过视觉上的观察就能保持直线平稳飞行，或者有控制地上升或降落”，故选C。第12题:考查固定搭配。referenceto提及，参考。第13题:语法题。考查状语从句的连接词。由句子“Thetrainerwasmodified（）aircrafttechnologyadvanced”可知“（）aircrafttechnologyadvanced”这部分为时间状语从句，选项中只有C项能引导时间状语从句，故选C。第14题:考查动词辨析。acquire获得，取得，学到；require需要，要求，命令；sustain维持，支撑，忍受；retain保持，记住。该处句意为:美国政府在1934年开始购买这种飞行器，随着第二次世界大战的接近，政府拥有了成千上万架飞行器。故选A。第15题:考查形容词辨析。actual真实的，实际的，现行的；realistic现实的，现实主义的；realizing明确无误的，清晰生动的；true真实的，正确的。电子行业技术的进步应该是有助于这种飞行模拟器的设计更加逼真，因此B符合句意。第16题:考查固定搭配。四个选项都表示“除了”，但是只有but与anything搭配使用。第17题:考查动词辨析。replenish补充，给…添加燃料，再填满;replace取代，代替，更换;replicate复制：repose使休息，寄托于。分析句子可知，“thatpreciselythecockpitsofitsplanes."这部分为定语从句修饰“飞行模拟器”，因此C项符合句意。第18题:考查词义辨析。electronic电子的；electric电的，发电的，令人震惊的;electricity电力，电流；electron电子。因此只有A项能修饰digitalandhybridcomputers(数字和混合计算机)。第19题:考查固定搭配。programmingtechnology编程技术。第20题:考查动词辨析。resurrect使复活，复兴:reproduce复制，再生；resuscitate使复苏，使复兴；resume重新开始，继续，恢复。空格处应填入一个动词，其宾语是highlycomplexreal-lifeconditions(高度复杂的现实条件)，因此B项正确。在这里表示对现实中会出现的一些条件，在模拟过程中进行复现。14.单选题Thecomputercanbeprogrammedto（）awholevarietyoftasks.问题1选项A.assignB.tackleC.realizeD.solve【答案】B【解析】句意:计算机可以编程来处理各种各样的任务。考查动词辨析。assign分配，指定;tackle处理，应对;realize实现，认识到；solve解决，解答。根据题干关键词“编程”以及空格处宾语“各种各样的任务”可知B项符合句意。15.单选题Idon’tthinkthebuildingwaswell（ ）andconstructed.问题1选项A.deceivedB.perceivedC.conceivedD.achieved【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。deceive意为“欺诈”；perceive意为“意识到，察觉到”；conceive意为“想出，构想，设想”；achieve意为“取得”。句意：我觉得这栋建筑构思不太巧妙，也修建得不太好。16.单选题Thebankmanageraskedhisassistantifitwaspossibleforhimto（）theinvestmentplanwithinaweek.问题1选项A.workoutB.putoutC.makeoutD.setout【答案】A【解析】词组辨析题。workout 解决, 算出，制定出；putout熄灭；makeout理解, 辨认出；setout出发, 开始。句意：银行经理问他的助理能否在一周内制定出投资计划。选项A符合句意。17.单选题Sheisavery________womantoshoutlikethatatthetopofhervoice.问题1选项A.vagueB.vogueC.versatileD.vulgar【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A.vague模糊的，含糊的B.vogue流行，时尚n.C.versatile多才多艺的，多功能的D.vulgar庸俗的，粗俗的【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】空格处作定语修饰下文的“woman（女人）”，表示她是一个什么样的女人。由“shoutlikethatatthetopofhervoice（高声喊叫）”可知，这是对该女人的描述，大喊大叫的人通常是粗俗、不雅的。vulgar指没有好的品味或不礼貌的，因此D选项vulgar“庸俗的，粗俗的”最符合题意。【干扰项排除】A选项vague“模糊的，含糊的”指没有关于某事物足够的信息或细节，一般不用来形容人，不能和“woman（女人）”进行搭配；B选项vogue“流行，时尚”是一个名词，指在特定的时间和地点流行的东西，不能用来作定语修饰“woman（女人）”；C选项versatile“多才多艺的，多功能的”指某人能做很多不同的事情或某物有许多不同的用途，不能和“shoutlikethatatthetopofhervoice（高声喊叫）”相对应。【句意】她是一个非常粗俗的女人，竟那样高声喊叫。18.单选题Becauseitwasverycontagious,everyoneinthefamilywasverymuchworried.问题1选项A.superfluousB.p