高考英语一轮复习：专题十七 概要写作

inghabits.It'sbettertowriteforfifteenortwentyminuteseverydaythantositforfiveorsixhourstowriteovertheweekend.However,ifyoucanmakeadailywritingschedulewithlongerhoursonyourwritingonweekends,thenit'smuchbetter.Oneoftheworsthabitsisnevertogethelpfromotherstoimproveyourwriting.Itisadvisedthatyoushareyourworkwithothers.Forexample,youcansendyourwritingtoafewfriends,roundupsomereadersandletthemcommentonyourwriting.Thatway,you'llfindyourwritinggradu-allyimproved.                . 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案     [写作提示]文章主要讲述好的写作习惯对提高写作水平的帮助。文章结构比较清晰,以自然段为基础概括 要点 综治信访维稳工作要点综治信访维稳工作要点2018综治平安建设工作要点新学期教学工作要点医院纪检监察工作要点 即可。其中第一段是主旨段,而后面的三段为具体的做法。Onepossibleversion:Goodwritinghabitscontributealottoimprovingyourwriting.(要点1)First,youshouldreadasmuchaspossibletogettheknowledgeandskillsforwriting.(要点2)Youshouldalsomakeawrit-ingplanandkeepupyourdailywriting.(要点3)Besides,you'dbetterturntoothersforhelptoim-proveyourwriting.(要点4).Writing2(2018浙江金华十校一模)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。ThefamiliaryellowschoolbusisthelargestsystemofmasstransportationintheUSandeveryschooldaytransportsroughly25millionyoungpeopletoschoolandhomeagainaftertheschooldayends.Meanwhile,itisthesafestmethodforgettingkidstoandfromschool,accordingtotheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration(NHTSA).Childrenare70timesmorelikelytoarriveatschoolsafelyontheschoolbusthaniftheyhadtraveledtoschooldrivingthemselvesorridingwithfriends.Theseschoolbusesmeetmoreofthenation'smotorvehiclesafetystandardsthananyothervehi-clesontheroad.Also,severalnewtechnologiesavailabletodayaremakingschoolbusesevensafer,suchasvideocamerasontheinsideandoutside,stoparmcameras,GPStrackingandcolli-sionlesseningsystems.Anothersafetytoolonschoolbusesishighseatbacks,closely-spacedseatsandenergy-absorbingseats..Buteventhesafenessofschoolbuseswouldnotcompletelysumupwhychildrenaresaferwhenridingthebig,yellowbus.Thebusisonlyassafeastheprofessionalmenandwomenwhodrivethem.AlldriversmustobtainaClassBorCCommercialDriver'sLicense(CDL).Theyareran-domlytestedforalcoholanddrugs,usuallyhavetheirdrivingrecordchecked,andaregiventhesamereviewofcriminalhistoryasteachersandotheremployeeswhohavecontactwithstudents.Inordertoserveasaschoolbusdriver,mostapplicantsarerequiredtosuccessfullycompleteatrainingcourse,alongwithinstructionintheclassroomandbehindthewheel.Schoolbusesaresafefortheenvironment,notonlybecauseeachbusreplaces36passengercarsthatwould,butforthebuses,beontheroadtakingandpickingupschoolchildren.Additionally,schoolbusesusealternativegreenfuelslikenaturalgas,andelectricpower.ToddMonteferrario,PresidentoftheNationalSchoolTransportationAssociation,saidparentsshouldrememberthatthesafestandsmartestchoiceistoputtheirchildrenonthebigyellowbuswhentheycan.        .答案    [写作提示]本文是议论文。文章主要论述校车的好处。文章的结构为“总——分——总”模式。第一段是主 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 段,提出了主要观点。第二至第四段分别是具体的论据。最后一段提出结论。Onepossibleversion:TheschoolbusisthesafestandwisestchoicetoschoolintheUS.(要点1)Firstly,schoolbusesnotonlymeethighvehiclesafetystandardsbutalsoaretechnologicallyequipped.(要点2)Secondly,thebusdrivershavetopassstrictqualificationtestsandsafetydrivingtraining.(要点3)Thirdly,schoolbuses,poweredbygreenfuelsenvironmentallysafebyreducingthenumberofprivatecarshittingtheroads.(要点4)Thereforechildrenareencouragedtogotoschoolbyschoolbus.(要点5).Writing3(2017浙江衢州高三一模)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Amongallthefastgrowingscienceandtechnology,theresearchofhumangenes,orbiologicalen-gineeringaspeoplecallit,isdrawingmoreandmoreattentionnow.Discussionsaboutitarein-creasinglyheatedaroundtheworld.Thegreatestthingthatgenetechnologycandoistocureseriousdiseasesthatdoctorsatpresentcanalmostdonothingwith,suchascancerandheartdisease.Everyyear,millionsofpeoplearemurderedbythesetwokillers.Andtodate,doctorshavenotfoundaneffectivewaytocurethem.Butifthegenetechnologyisapplied,notonlythesetwodiseasescanbecuredcompletely,bring-inghappinessandmorelivingdaystothepatients,butalsothegreatamountofmoneypeoplespendoncuringtheirdiseasescanbesaved,thereforeitbenefitstheeconomyaswell.Inaddition,thehumanlifespan(寿命)canbeprolonged..Genetechnologycanhelppeopletogivebirthtohealthierandclevererchildren.Somefamilieshavegeneticdiseases.Thismeanstheirchildrenwillforsurehavethefamilialdisease,whichisagreattroubleforthesefamilies.Inthepast,doctorscoulddonothingaboutgeneticdiseases.Butgenetechnologycansolvethisproblemperfectly.Scientistsjustneedtofindthewronggeneandcorrectit,andahealthychildwillbeborn.Somepeopleareworryingthatthegeneresearchcanbeusedtocreatehumanbeingsinlargequan-tities.Inthepastfewyears,scientistshavesucceededincloninganimalssuchasmice,sheep,anddogs;therefore,thesepeoplepredictthathumanbabieswouldsoonbeclonedandthatitwouldbebeyondcontrol,leadingtosomedisastrousconsequences.Butmanybelievethatclonedbabieswillnotcomeoutinlargequantities,formostcouplesintheworldcanhavebabiesinaverynormalwayandtheyalsobelievemeasureswillbetakentocontrolgenetechnology.            .答案    [写作提示]    文章首先介绍了基因工程的好处。最后一段说明了一些不同的观点。在概要写作时,以自然段为概括的基础。Onepossibleversion:Genetechnologyisnowahottopicworldwide.(要点1)Itcanhelppeoplecuredeadlydiseasesandallowthemtoliveahappierandlongerlifewithbettereconomicconditions.(要点2)Genetech-nologyalsomakesitpossibleforpeoplewithgeneticdiseasestogivebirthtohealthybabies.(要点3)However,somepeopleareconcernedthatgenetechnologywillbelargelyusedinhumancloningwhileothersdon'tseeitasaproblem.(要点4)高级语块　givebirthto生出小孩;造成(某事的产生)beconcernedthat...担心…….Writing4(2017浙江“七彩阳光”联盟3月)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Ican'tdecidewhatIwanttoeatfordinnertonight.DoIfeellikeItalianfoodorThaifood?IndianorChinese?AmericanorTurkish?Idon'tneedtotravelaroundtheworld;allthesechoicesareavailableinatypicalinnercityinAustralia.Australianfoodhasmanydifferentculturalinfluences.Overthepastcentury,peoplefrommanycountrieshavecometoAustralia.Thesemigrants(移民)havecontributedtothemeltingpot,thatis,Australianfood.“Whetheryou'reaftermodern,traditionalorexoticflavors,Australia'seclecticdiningsceneof-fersawiderangeoftheworld'sgreatcuisines(菜肴),”theVisitVictoriawebsitenoted.SomeAustralianfamiliesmayrestricttheirdiettothebasic“meatandthreeveg”meal:onesortofmeat(chicken,beef,lamb,andsoon),alongwiththreedifferenttypesofvegetables(usuallypotatoes,peasandcarrots).Butmostpeopleenjoythevariety.IfIweretopickfourmealsthateveryAustralianeats,theywouldbeItalianspaghettibolognaise.(意式肉酱面),Chinesefriedrice,BritishfishandchipsandThaigreenchickencurry.ChinesestudentsinAustraliafinditeasytogetaChinesemeal.CitieslikeSydneyhavelargeChi-natowns,butmanytownsinthecountryalsohaveaChinesetakeawayrestaurant.PopularAustralian-Chinesedishesmaynotalwaysseemauthentic—HoneyChicken,forexample—butyoucanstillfinddumplingsandnoodles.Evenso,Australiahasitsown,veryAustraliansavory(可口的)dish:meatpie.It'sarealclassic!Thedishisonthemenuateveryhousepartyandsportingvenue(场所),andiseateneverymorn-ingafterabignight.Andwhocouldforgetdesserts?WeAustraliansoftenfightwithNewZealandersoverwhohastherightfulclaimtothepavlova(奶油水果蛋白饼)andlamington(拉明顿巧克力椰丝方形蛋糕)desserts,bothequallydeliciousandsweet.                .答案    [写作提示]    文章主要是关于澳大利亚饮食的多元化现象。本文段落比较分散,但是其中心主旨还是很明确的。阅读时注意几个相关中心的把握。Onepossibleversion:VariouschoicesoffoodfromaroundtheworldareavailableinatypicalinnercityinAustralia.(要点1)DifferentculturalinfluencescontributetoAustralianfoods.(要点2)ButsomeAustralianfami-liesmayrestricttheirdiettomeatandthreevegwhilemostenjoyitsvariety.(要点3)ThoughChi-nesedishesareeasytogetinAustralia,Australianshavetheirownspecialdishes:meatpieanddesserts.(要点4)深度解析　很多概写的文章的自然段结构就反映了文章的要点线索,但是也有的文章,其自然段比较零碎,因此不能依靠自然段的结构来概要写作。这时就要考虑各个自然段在中心方面的相似度,一次来进行概括。高级语块　contributeto对……做出贡献佳句背诵　VariouschoicesoffoodfromaroundtheworldareavailableinatypicalinnercityinAustralia.DifferentculturalinfluencescontributetoAustralianfoods..Writing1(2018浙江学军中学领航卷)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。CallingLatinadeadlanguageisamatterofsemantics(语义学).Therearethosewhowouldsug-gestLatinisnotdead,andthatitlivesonineverydaylanguageusedbybillionsofpeopleworld-wide.Othersarguethatbecausethere'reroutineupdatesonLatinpublishedbytheRomanCatholicChurch,itisstillaliveanddeveloping.However,Latinisnolongerused,onadailybasis,bythevastmajorityofpeopleoutsideofspecificreligioussettings,wheretraditioninfluencesitsuse.Itisnolongeranyone'snativelanguage.Whileitsuseisstilltaught,Latinisnolongerconsideredtobeadevelopinglanguagetothedegreeofmostmodernlanguages.ThereasonsforLatindyingoutarenumerous.PerhapsthemostsignificantonehastodowiththedeclineoftheRomanEmpire.DuringtheRomanperiod,languagewasstandardizedtoagreaterdegree.BecauseRomewasthemostpowerfulpoliticalcountryintheWesternworldatthetime,B组2016—2018年高考模拟·综合题组.mostofthosewhohadanyambitiontosucceedhadadesiretolearnLatin.Asaresult,thelanguagespreadrapidly.However,thatrapidexpansionwouldeventuallybegintoplateau(处于停滞状态)andfinallydecline.Latincontinuedtobeusedduringthemedievalperiod.ThroughoutEurope,itremainedthelan-guageofchoice.However,withnothingtounitethecontinent,therewasnoneedforauniformlanguage.Soslowly,overaperiodofhundredsofyears,Latinbegantochangeasdifferentregionsdevelopedtheirowndialects(方言),knownastheRomancelanguagestoday,amongwhichthemostcommonlyspokenandrecognizableareSpanish,Portuguese,ItalianandFrench.ThoughnotdirectlyrelatedtotheRomancelanguages,Latinstillhasaneffectonmanyotherlan-guages.English,forexample,whichisnotoneoftheRomancelanguagesbutaGermanicone,cantracenearlytwo-thirdsofitswordsbacktoLatinroots.                .答案    [写作提示]本文主要介绍了拉丁语的兴衰。文章有五段,每段自成一个信息群,概括要点时以段落为基础进行即可。Onepossibleversion:SomepeopleassumeLatinisalivinganddevelopinglanguageratherthanadeadone.(要点1)Butmostpeopledon'tuseitindailylifeanymoreexceptonspecificreligiousoccasions.(要点2)ItsgradualdisappearanceresultedfrommanyfactorsespeciallythefalloftheRomanEmpire.(要点3)WiththeRomanEmpirerisingandfalling,Latinexperienceditsexpansion,stabilityandthendecline.(要点4)AlthoughLatinchangedastheRomancelanguagescameintobeing,itstillinflu-encesmanyotherlanguages,likeEnglish,today.(要点5)高级语块　resultfrom由于　withtheRomanEmpirerisingandfalling随着罗马帝国的兴衰    expansionn.扩张　stabilityn.稳定　declinen.衰落.Writing2(2018浙江温州二模)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Lookinsideanyfamilyhomeintheevening,andyoumightseeatypicalenoughscene:MomandDad,eachontheirownlaptoportablet,streamingmovies,catchinguponworkormaybeanswer-ingemailsontheirsmartphones.Meanwhile,onechildischattingonlinewithoneschoolfriendwhiletextinganother.Theotherisplayingavideogamewithafriendontheothersideofthecityatthesametime.Eachmemberofthefamilyistotallyabsorbedinhisorherownpieceoftech-nologies.Accordingtosomeexperts,theeffectoftechnologyonhumanrelationshipsisworryingastech-nologybecomesasubstituteforface-to-facehumanrelationships.Itappearstobethecasethatmanypeoplewouldmuchratherspendtimewiththeirelectronicgadgets(电子产品)thanwithoneanother.Youngpeoplesayitisdifficulttogettheirparents'attentionandtheyhavetocompetewithsmartphones,tabletsandothertechnologies.However,areportfromthePewInternetandAmericanLifeProjectoffersamorehelpfulanden-couragingview,suggestingthatfarfromreplacinghumancontact,technologycanactuallybetter.familyrelationships.Justoverhalfofthe2,253peoplesurveyedagreedthattechnologyhaden-abledthemtoincreasetheircontactwithdistantfamilymembersand47percentsaidithadim-provedthecommunicationwiththepeopletheylivedwith.Moreover,eventheclosestmembersoffamiliesneedtimeawayfromeachotheratsomepointtoseektheirowninterests.Familymem-berswhomightotherwisehavesatinseparateroomscannowbeinthesameonewhilestilloccu-pyingadifferentmentalspace.Lookbackatourtypicalfamilysceneabove.Isitanydifferentfromfourpeoplereadingtheirownbooks?Orisitdrivingfamilyapart?Wheretechnologywillleadusremainstobeseen.Yetthereisnoneedtoworry.Asamatteroffact,howitaffectsourfamilyrelationshipsdependsonouratti-tudetowardtechnology.                .答案    [写作提示]本文结构清楚,但是概括要点时要注意文章的观点在前后有很大的转折和对比,而且其观点和我们平时的对电子产品的社会主流观点并不一致,因此在写概要前一定要读懂原文,不要受固有观点的影响。Onepossibleversion:Nowadaysfamilymembersareoftenfoundlostintheirownelectronicproducts.(要点1)Someex-pertsfearthattechnologycanaffectfamilyrelationshipsforlackofface-to-facecommunication.(要点2)However,areporthasfoundtechnologybenefitsfamilybondsinthatitmakesmemberscloserandprovidesprivatementalspaceaswell.(要点3)Actually,nottechnologyitselfbutpeople'sattitudetowardsitinfluencesfamilyrelations.(要点4)高级语块　inthat因为;由于　belostin沉迷于……　attitudetowards对……的态度.Writing3(2018浙江宁波重点高中联考)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Smalltalk.Chitchat.Thesearetheshortconversationswehaveatparties,whilewewaitinlineatthestore,atfamilyeventsorwork.Sometimeswemakesmalltalkwithpeoplewealreadyknowbutnotwell.Oftenwehavetomakesmalltalkwithcompletestrangers.Manypeoplefindsuchsmalltalkaboutrandomtopicsdifficult.Somepeoplesaytheyhateit.Otherssaysmalltalkisawasteoftime.Theymayevencallitidlechitchatoridlechatter,meaningitdoesn'tdoanything.Theyconsidersmalltalknotimportant.However,smalltalkisimportant.Smalltalkcanopendoorsthatmayleadtolarger,moremeaningfulconversations.Whenyoufirstmeetsomeoneortalktosomeoneyoudon'tknowwell,itwouldbeawkwardtobeginaconversa-tionaboutareallydeeptopicsuchaswar,politicsorthemeaningoflife.Smalltalkalsogivesyouthechancetodecideifyouwanttogetknowthatpersonbetterornot.Let'ssayyoumakesmalltalkwithsomeoneataparty.Buttheyonlywanttotalkaboutcats.Youmaynotwanttobuildafriendshipwiththemunlessyoureally,reallylovecats..Chitchatcanalsoincreaseyourfeelingofunderstanding,towardpeopleyouknowbutnotwell.Chattingwithacolleagueabouttheirchildmayhelpyoutounderstandmoreoftheirlifeoutsidetheoffice.Thiscouldhelpbuildhealthyworkrelationships.Smalltalkcouldevenhelpyourlargercommunities—yourrelationshipswithneighbors.Exchang-ingrecipeswithaneighborinyourapartmentbuildingmaymakehernoisesupstairseasiertolivewith.In2011,mostcommuters(通勤者)inthecityofChicagosaidtheywouldenjoy“quietcars”wheretheysataloneanddidnottalktoanybody.ResearchersattheUniversityofChicagothenaskedsomeparticipantsinastudytotalktopeoplewhilecommutingtoworkonatrain.Theyfoundthatthosewhomadesmalltalkwithstrangerswerehappierthanthosewhosatalone.                .答案    [写作提示]概要写作一般要以自然段为基础归纳概要。但是本文自然段比较多,而个别段落的中心比较接近,可以将这些相关的段落进行合并。Onepossibleversion:Althoughsmalltalkisdislikedbymanypeople,itisactuallyofvitalimportanceinourdailylife.(要点1)Firstly,smalltalkcannotonlyleadtomeaningfulconversationsbutalsohelpyoudecidewhethertofurtheryourrelationship.(要点2)Besides,throughsmalltalk,youcanbuildbetterrela-tionshipswithyourcolleaguesandneighbors.(要点3)What'smore,researchersalsofindthatsmalltalkcanmakepeoplehappier!(要点4)高级语块　beofvitalimportance具有重要的作用　furtheryourrelationship推进你们的关系　buildbetterrelationships建立更好的关系.Writing4(2017浙江温州中学3月模拟)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。GUANGZHOU—Atleast25peoplehavebeenconfirmeddeadafterTyphoonUsagimadelandfallinChina'sGuangdongProvinceonSundayevening,accordingtotheprovincialfloodcontrolheadquarters.“ElectricityandwatersupplywerecutoffintheHuilaicounty,Jieyangcity,andhouseswerecol-lapsedaswindspeedsatthecenterexceeded180kmperhouronSundayafternoon,”saidLiFeng,aborderpoliceofficerofthecity.IntercitytrainsbetweenGuangzhou,ShenzhenandZhuhaiweresuspendedat6pmandnearly50trains,includingthosealongthehigh-speedlinestoBeijing,ShenzhenandHongKong,willbesuspendeduntilTuesday,accordingtotheGuangzhouRailwayCorporation..AtaXiechenggasstationonNationalRoad324nearShanweicity,whereatleast13ofthe25vic-timswerekilled,windswerestrongenoughtoblowcarsofftheroadandalltrafficwasstopped.ResidentLiHuolongsaidhewasonhiswayhomeinShanweiwhenthebackwindowofhiscarwasbrokenbythewind.Educationalauthoritiesin14citiesorderedschoolstosuspendclassesonSunday,aschooldayinChinabecauseofthethree-dayMid-AutumnFestivalwhichjustended.Morethan47,000fishingboatswereinharbor,withnearly20,000fishermenkeptonshore.Allbeachesintheprovincehavebeenclosed.                        .答案    [写作提示]    本文是说明文,介绍了台风“天免”对广东造成的破坏。概括时要注意要点,要照顾到台风破坏的各个主要方面。因为涉及并列信息的叙述,因此要注意概写的句子之间的顺畅连接。Onepossibleversion:TyphoonUsagistruckChina'sGuangdongProvincejustaftertheMid-AutumnFestival,causingatleast25deaths.(要点1)Inadditiontohavingdamagedmanyhouses,italsostoppedtrafficandtransportsandevensomecarswereblownofftheroad.(要点2)What'sworse,electricityandwa-tersupplywerecutoff,anditalsokeptfishermenonshoreandstudentsoffschool.(要点3)Allbeachesintheprovincehavebeenclosed.(要点4)高级语块　inadditionto除……外beblownofftheroad被吹离了路面.Writing5(2017浙江台州高三期末)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Collegesareattachingtoomuchimportancetotests.StudentswhoreceivehigherscoresontheSATandtheACTareconsideredtobemoreintelligentandasaresulttheyareusuallyadmittedtobetterschools.However,thesetestsdon'tnecessarilyensureone'sfuturesuccessinlife.Tobecomebettertest-takersthanothers,somestudentswouldliketohavemorepreparations.SeveralSATandACTpre-classesareofferedbyvariouscompaniesandindividualtutors,givingrichstudentsabetterchancetoimprovetheirscores.Somestudentseventakemedicinebeforetheirtest.Althoughitisnotprovedthattakingthesedrugswillincreaseastudent'sscore,thenatureofthedrugistoincreasealertness(敏捷),concentration,andmentalprocessingspeed..Inaddition,thesetestscan'tshowsomeoftheskillsandcharactersthatareakeyparttosuccess.AccordingtoBobSchaefferoftheNationalCenterforFairandOpenTesting,creativity,persever-anceandself-discipline(自律)arejustafewbasicqualitiesthatareusefulintheprofessionalworldthataren'tmeasuredbythesetests.Ahightestscoretellsyounothingabouthowastudentwillhandlethefuturelifeorhowwelltheywilladapttotheirsurroundings.Whatcollegescandoisweighthestudents'academictrack,suchaswhatclassestheytookandhowdifficulttheywere,orwhatextra-curricularactivitiesthestudentswereinvolvedinovertheirtestscores.Thesethingsdon'tnecessarilypredictwhatthestudentswilldoincollege,butiftheadmissionsofficialswouldpaymoreattentiontofouryearsofhardworkinsteadofthreehoursoffillinginbubbles(泡状框),theymightgetmoresuccessfulandwell-roundedgraduates.                .答案    [写作提示]    文章论述了大学只重视学生考试分数的种种弊端。Onepossibleversion:Collegesaretoodependentontestsinadmittingtheirnewstudents.(要点1)Nevertheless,thesetests,inwhichstudentscangethighscoresbytakingextrapre-classesormedicine,cannotguaran-teethemarosyfuture.(要点2)Besides,thesetestsarenotabletogiveanaccuratepictureofstu-dents'fullpotential.(要点3)Therefore,tomakesuretheycangetall-roundtopgraduates,col-legesshouldtaketheirstudents'academictrackintoconsideration.(要点4).