linguistic and communicative competencelinguisticandcommunicativecompetenceCommunicativecompetenceisaterminlinguisticswhichreferstoalanguageuser'sgrammaticalknowledgeofsyntax,morphology,phonologyandthelike,aswellassocialknowledgeabouthowandwhentouseutterancesappropriately.ThetermwascoinedbyDellHyme...
linguisticandcommunicativecompetenceCommunicativecompetenceisaterminlinguisticswhichreferstoalanguageuser'sgrammaticalknowledgeofsyntax,morphology,phonologyandthelike,aswellassocialknowledgeabouthowandwhentouseutterancesappropriately.ThetermwascoinedbyDellHymesin1966,[1]reactingagainsttheperceivedinadequacyofNoamChomsky's(1965)distinctionbetweencompetenceandperformance.[2]ToaddressChomsky'sabstractnotionofcompetence,Hymesundertookethnographicexplorationofcommunicativecompetencethatincluded"communicativeformandfunctioninintegralrelationtoeachother"(Leung,2005).[3]TheapproachpioneeredbyHymesisnowknownastheethnographyofcommunication.Asmuchastherehasalreadybeenmuchdebateaboutlinguisticcompetenceandcommunicativecompetenceinthesecondandforeignlanguageteachingliterature,theoutcomehasalwaysbeentheconsiderationofcommunicativecompetenceasasuperiormodeloflanguagefollowingHymes'oppositiontoChomsky'slinguisticcompetence.ThisoppositionhasbeenadoptedbythosewhoseeknewdirectionstowardacommunicativeerabytakingforgrantedthebasicmotivesandtheappropriacyofthisoppositionbehindthedevelopmentofcommunicativecompetenceLinguisticcompetenceisthesystemoflinguisticknowledgepossessedbynativespeakersofalanguage,itisincontrasttotheconceptofLinguisticperformance,thewaythelanguagesystemisusedincommunication.TheconceptwasfirstintroducedbyNoamChomsky[1]aspartofthefoundationsforhisGenerativegrammar,butithassincebeenadoptedanddevelopedbyotherlinguists,particularlythoseworkinginthegenerativisttradition.Inthegenerativisttraditioncompetenceistheonlyleveloflanguagethatisstudied,becausethislevelgivesinsightsintotheUniversalGrammar,thatgenerativistsseeasunderlyingallhumanlanguagesystems.Functionaltheoriesofgrammartendtodismissthesharpdistinctionbetweencompetenceandperformance,andparticularlytheprimacygiventothestudyofcompetence.AccordingtoChomsky,competenceisthe'ideal'languagesystemthatmakesitpossibleforspeakerstoproduceandunderstandaninfinitenumber[nb1]ofsentencesintheirlanguage,andtodistinguishgrammaticalsentencesfromungrammaticalsentences.Thisisunaffectedby"grammaticallyirrelevantconditions"suchasspeecherrors.[1]Linguisticcompetenceincludescomponentssuchasphonetics,phonology,syntax,semanticsandmorphology
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