英文版人权宣言

英文版　　UniversalDeclarationofHumanRights　　Preamble　　Whereasrecognitionoftheinherentdignityandoftheequalandinalienablerightsofallmembersofthehumanfamilyisthefoundationoffreedom,justiceandpeaceintheworld,　　Whereasdisregardandcontemptforhumanrightshaveresultedinbarbarousactswhichhaveoutragedtheconscienceofmankind,andtheadventofaworldinwhichhumanbeingsshallenjoyfreedomofspeechandbeliefandfreedomfromfearandwanthasbeenproclaimedasthehighestaspirationofthecommonpeople,　　Whereasitisessential,ifmanisnottobecompelledtohaverecourse,asalastresort,torebellionagainsttyrannyandoppression,thathumanrightsshouldbeprotectedbytheruleoflaw,　　Whereasitisessentialtopromotethedevelopmentoffriendlyrelationsbetweennations,　　WhereasthepeoplesoftheUnitedNationshaveintheCharterreaffirmedtheirfaithinfundamentalhumanrights,inthedignityandworthofthehumanpersonandintheequalrightsofmenandwomenandhavedeterminedtopromotesocialprogressandbetterstandardsoflifeinlargerfreedom,　　WhereasMemberStateshavepledgedthemselvestoachieve,incooperationwiththeUnitedNations,thepromotionofuniversalrespectforandobservanceofhumanrightsandfundamentalfreedoms,　　Whereasacommonunderstandingoftheserightsandfreedomsisofthegreatestimportanceforthefullrealizationofthispledge,　　Now,therefore,　　TheGeneralAssembly,　　ProclaimsthisUniversalDeclarationofHumanRightsasacommonstandardofachievementforallpeoplesandallnations,totheendthateveryindividualandeveryorganofsociety,keepingthisDeclarationconstantlyinmind,shallstrivebyteachingandeducationtopromoterespectfortheserightsandfreedomsandbyprogressivemeasures,nationalandinternational,tosecuretheiruniversalandeffectiverecognitionandobservance,bothamongthepeoplesofMemberStatesthemselvesandamongthepeoplesofterritoriesundertheirjurisdiction.　　ArticleI　　Allhumanbeingsarebornfreeandequalindignityandrights.Theyareendowedwithreasonandconscienceandshouldacttowardsoneanotherinaspiritofbrotherhood.　　Article2　　EveryoneisentitledtoalltherightsandfreedomssetforthinthisDeclaration,withoutdistinctionofanykind,suchasrace,colour,sex,language,religion,politicalorotheropinion,nationalorsocialorigin,property,birthorotherstatus.　　Furthermore,nodistinctionshallbemadeonthebasisofthepolitical,jurisdictionalorinternationalstatusofthecountryorterritorytowhichapersonbelongs,whetheritbeindependent,trust,non-self-governingorunderanyotherlimitationofsovereignty.　　Article3　　Everyonehastherighttolife,libertyandsecurityofperson.　　Article4　　Nooneshallbeheldinslaveryorservitude;slaveryandtheslavetradeshallbeprohibitedinalltheirforms.　　Article5　　Nooneshallbesubjectedtotortureortocruel,inhumanordegradingtreatmentorpunishment.　　Article6　　Everyonehastherighttorecognitioneverywhereasapersonbeforethelaw.　　Article7　　Allareequalbeforethelawandareentitledwithoutanydiscriminationtoequalprotectionofthelaw.AllareentitledtoequalprotectionagainstanydiscriminationinviolationofthisDeclarationandagainstanyincitementtosuchdiscrimination.　　Article8　　Everyonehastherighttoaneffectiveremedybythecompetentnationaltribunalsforactsviolatingthefundamentalrightsgrantedhimbytheconstitutionorbylaw.　　Article9　　Nooneshallbesubjectedtoarbitraryarrest,detentionorexile.　　Article10　　Everyoneisentitledinfullequalitytoafairandpublichearingbyanindependentandimpartialtribunal,inthedeterminationofhisrightsandobligationsandofanycriminalchargeagainsthim.　　Article11　　Everyonechargedwithapenaloffencehastherighttobepresumedinnocentuntilprovedguiltyaccordingtolawinapublictrialatwhichhehashadalltheguaranteesnecessaryforhisdefence.　　Nooneshallbeheldguiltyofanypenaloffenceonaccountofanyactoromissionwhichdidnotconstituteapenaloffence,undernationalorinternationallaw,atthetimewhenitwascommitted.Norshallaheavierpenaltybeimposedthantheonethatwasapplicableatthetimethepenaloffencewascommitted.　　Article12　　Nooneshallbesubjectedtoarbitraryinterferencewithhisprivacy,family,homeorcorrespondence,nortoattacksuponhishonourandreputation.Everyonehastherighttotheprotectionofthelawagainstsuchinterferenceorattacks.　　Article13　　EveryonehastherighttofreedomofmovementandresidencewithinthebordersofeachState.　　Everyonehastherighttoleaveanycountry,includinghisown,andtoreturntohiscountry.　　Article14　　Everyonehastherighttoseekandtoenjoyinothercountriesasylumfrompersecution.　　Thisrightmaynotbeinvokedinthecaseofprosecutionsgenuinelyarisingfromnon-politicalcrimesorfromactscontrarytothepurposesandprinciplesoftheUnitedNations.　　Article15　　Everyonehastherighttoanationality.　　Nooneshallbearbitrarilydeprivedofhisnationalitynordeniedtherighttochangehisnationality.　　Article16　　Menandwomenoffullage,withoutanylimitationduetorace,nationalityorreligion,havetherighttomarryandtofoundafamily.Theyareentitledtoequalrightsastomarriage,duringmarriageandatitsdissolution.　　Marriageshallbeenteredintoonlywiththefreeandfullconsentoftheintendingspouses.　　ThefamilyisthenaturalandfundamentalgroupunitofsocietyandisentitledtoprotectionbysocietyandtheState.　　Article17　　Everyonehastherighttoownpropertyaloneaswellasinassociationwithothers.　　Nooneshallbearbitrarilydeprivedofhisproperty.　　Article18　　Everyonehastherighttofreedomofthought,conscienceandreligion;thisrightincludesfreedomtochangehisreligionorbelief,andfreedom,eitheraloneorincommunitywithothersandinpublicorprivate,tomanifesthisreligionorbeliefinteaching,practice,worshipandobservance.　　Article19　　Everyonehastherighttofreedomofopinionandexpression;thisrightincludesfreedomtoholdopinionswithoutinterferenceandtoseek,receiveandimpartinformationandideasthroughanymediaandregardlessoffrontiers.　　Article20　　Everyonehastherighttofreedomofpeacefulassemblyandassociation.　　Noonemaybecompelledtobelongtoanassociation.　　Article21　　Everyonehastherighttotakepartinthegovernmentofhiscountry,directlyorthroughfreelychosenrepresentatives.　　Everyonehastherighttoequalaccesstopublicserviceinhiscountry.　　Thewillofthepeopleshallbethebasisoftheauthorityofgovernment;thiswillshallbeexpressedinperiodicandgenuineelectionswhichshallbebyuniversalandequalsuffrageandshallbeheldbysecretvoteorbyequivalentfreevotingprocedures.　　Article22　　Everyone,asamemberofsociety,hastherighttosocialsecurityandisentitledtorealization,throughnationaleffortandinternationalco-operationandinaccordancewiththeorganizationandresourcesofeachState,oftheeconomic,socialandculturalrightsindispensableforhisdignityandthefreedevelopmentofhispersonality.　　Article23　　Everyonehastherighttowork,tofreechoiceofemployment,tojustandfavourableconditionsofworkandtoprotectionagainstunemployment.　　Everyone,withoutanydiscrimination,hastherighttoequalpayforequalwork.　　Everyonewhoworkshastherighttojustandfavourableremunerationensuringforhimselfandhisfamilyanexistenceworthyofhumandignity,andsupplemented,ifnecessary,byothermeansofsocialprotection.　　Everyonehastherighttoformandtojointradeunionsfortheprotectionofhisinterests.　　Article24　　Everyonehastherighttorestandleisure,includingreasonablelimitationofworkinghoursandperiodicholidayswithpay.　　Article25　　Everyonehastherighttoastandardoflivingadequateforthehealthandwell-beingofhimselfandofhisfamily,includingfood,clothing,housingandmedicalcareandnecessarysocialservices,andtherighttosecurityintheeventofunemployment,sickness,disability,widowhood,oldageorotherlackoflivelihoodincircumstancesbeyondhiscontrol.　　Motherhoodandchildhoodareentitledtospecialcareandassistance.Allchildren,whetherborninoroutofwedlock,shallenjoythesamesocialprotection.　　Article26　　Everyonehastherighttoeducation.Educationshallbefree,atleastintheelementaryandfundamentalstages.Elementaryeducationshallbecompulsory.Technicalandprofessionaleducationshallbemadegenerallyavailableandhighereducationshallbeequallyaccessibletoallonthebasisofmerit.　　Educationshallbedirectedtothefulldevelopmentofthehumanpersonalityandtothestrengtheningofrespectforhumanrightsandfundamentalfreedoms.Itshallpromoteunderstanding,toleranceandfriendshipamongallnations,racialorreligiousgroups,andshallfurthertheactivitiesoftheUnitedNationsforthemaintenanceofpeace.　　Parentshaveapriorrighttochoosethekindofeducationthatshallbegiventotheirchildren.　　Article27　　Everyonehastherightfreelytoparticipateintheculturallifeofthecommunity,toenjoytheartsandtoshareinscientificadvancementanditsbenefits.　　Everyonehastherighttotheprotectionofthemoralandmaterialinterestsresultingfromanyscientific,literaryorartisticproductionofwhichheistheauthor.　　Article28　　EveryoneisentitledtoasocialandinternationalorderinwhichtherightsandfreedomssetforthinthisDeclarationcanbefullyrealized.　　Article29　　Everyonehasdutiestothecommunityinwhichalonethefreeandfulldevelopmentofhispersonalityispossible.　　Intheexerciseofhisrightsandfreedoms,everyoneshallbesubjectonlytosuchlimitationsasaredeterminedbylawsolelyforthepurposeofsecuringduerecognitionandrespectfortherightsandfreedomsofothersandofmeetingthejustrequirementsofmorality,publicorderandthegeneralwelfareinademocraticsociety.　　TheserightsandfreedomsmayinnocasebeexercisedcontrarytothepurposesandprinciplesoftheUnitedNations.　　Article30　　NothinginthisDeclarationmaybeinterpretedasimplyingforanyState,grouporpersonanyrighttoengageinanyactivityortoperformanyactaimedatthedestructionofanyoftherightsandfreedomssetforthherein.