【四级寒假全程班】语法3-简单句的扩展成分

目录 工贸企业有限空间作业目录特种设备作业人员作业种类与目录特种设备作业人员目录1类医疗器械目录高值医用耗材参考目录 第一部分如何表达一件事？...................................................................................1一、简单句的核心................................................................................................................1二、简单句的非核心............................................................................................................3三、简单句的提升——非谓语动词.................................................................................3四、简单句的综合运用.......................................................................................................4第二部分如何表达多件事？...................................................................................5五、并列句..............................................................................................................................5六、复合句——三大从句..............................................................................................5七、并列句和复合句的综合运用.....................................................................................81请使用正版！！盗版必究！！2请使用正版！！盗版必究！！课前思考四六级长难句，你看懂了吗？想看懂的话，需要学会什么？RobertStickgold，oneoftheHarvardresearchers，suggeststhatstudyingrightbeforebedtimeortakinganapfollowingastudysessionintheafternoonmightincreasetheoddsofdreamingaboutthematerial.(2020.09,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)Printingwithmoveabletypeonpaperdramaticallyreducedthecostofproducingabookcomparedwiththeold-fashionedoneshandwrittenonvellum,whichcomesfromsheepskin.(2014.06,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)第一部分如何表达一件事？一、简单句的核心简单句（一件事）的核心是+。其中变化有4种：、、、和。1.谓语动词的时态时过去现在将来过去将来态3请使用正版！！盗版必究！！一般进行完成完成进行Intheprocess,shebuiltaradicallynewlifeandcareer.(2017.06,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)Thebrainagesjustliketherestofthebody.(2018.06,ReadingComprehensionSectionC)Atsomepoint,almostallofuswillexperienceaperiodofradicalprofessionalchange.(2017.06,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)Thesecondgroup,however,wastoldthatthephoneswouldinterferewiththeequipmentintheexperiment...(2020.09,Listening,SectionC)In2014,28%ofyoungmenwerelivingwithaspouseorpartnerintheirownhome...(2019.06,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)Thewalletisheadingforextinction.(2020.07,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)Acoupleofrecentpapershavefinallyopenedawindowonthesepeople’sextraordinaryminds.4请使用正版！！盗版必究！！(2017.06,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)IwasexcitedbecauseIhadaskedtoresearchChineseimmigrantsduringthatera.(2020.09,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)2.谓语动词的时态情态动词后接构成谓语动词。Thisshouldbeawarningtous.(2018.12,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)Youmustadjustyourprioritiestofindtimetocook.(2020.07,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)Ahandfulofpeoplecanrecallalmosteverydayoftheirlivesinenormousdetail...(2017.06,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)Itmightsoundlikesciencefiction...(2020.07,ReadingComprehension,SectionC）3.谓语动词的语态被动语态是由“be+done”两部分来构成的。其中done表示；而be表示和。Inherstudy,participantswereassignedrandomly(随机地)totwogroups.(2017.06,ReadingComprehension,Section5请使用正版！！盗版必究！！C)Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.(2018.12,Listening,SectionC)Thepaintingisnowbeingreframed.(2014.06,Listening,SectionA)TheGreatRecession(andmodestrecovery)hasalsobeenassociatedwithanincreaseinyoungadultslivingathome.(2019.06,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)Newtechnologieswill,andshould,bedeveloped.(2018.12,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)二、简单句的非核心1.形容词修饰Ourstudywillusealargecorporatedatasetfromamajormedicalcompany...(CET-6,2018.12,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)2.副词修饰Theartistmerelycontinuedhiscampaignontheotherside.(2020.09,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)Actually,thisisn’tsurprising.(2016.06,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)Thisisespeciallyinteresting...(2016.06,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)6请使用正版！！盗版必究！！3.介词+构成介词短语Changesinbraincellscanaffectcommunicationbetweendifferentregionsofthebrain.(2018.06,ReadingComprehensionSectionC)...heandhisco-authorareoptimisticaboutmanyaspectsoftheInternet...(2014.12,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageOne)Adesignercan’tsurvivewithoutparticipatinginParisFashionWeek...(2016.12,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageTwo)...wegetalmost25%ofourdailycaloriesfromsnacks...(2020.07,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)Inthestudy,TelAvivUniversityresearcherssearchedforsexdifferencesthroughouttheentirehumanbrain.(2016.12,ReadingComprehension,SectionA)NationsfromaroundtheworldhavegatheredinParisfortheUnitedNationsClimateChangeConference,COP21,withthegoalofauniversalandpotentiallylegally-bindingagreementonreducinggreenhousegasemissions.(CET-6,2017.06,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)三、简单句的提升-非谓语动词1.非谓语动词和相当于名词，可以作主/宾/表语。Doingsowillsendanimportantmessagetothenation’syoungestcitizens...(2020.09,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)ThepracticeofpayingchildrenanallowancebecamepopularinAmericaabout100yearsago.7请使用正版！！盗版必究！！(2020.09,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)Buttoreallyharnesstheirmotivationistobuildupontheirinterest.(2019.06,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)Butitisalsoimportanttolookatthewiderpicture...(2019.06,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)Thecityofficialsthendecidedtotakedrasticaction.(2020.09,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)2.非谓语动词修饰名词/句子，作定语/状语doing表示done表示todo表示AnotherissueaffectingrealestateinthecomingyearwillbeAmerica’sfallinginfrastructure.(2017.06,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)InastudypublishedinNatureScientificReports,werevealjusthowdeepthisinjusticeruns.(CET-6,2016.12,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)Overthepastthreedecades,theindustryhasmadesomeeffortstoimprovethequalityofitsofferings.(2016.12,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)四、简单句的综合运用Lookingaroundthecarriage,Isawquiteafewpeoplelikehim,includingacoupleoffattychildrenwithswollencheekspressingagainsttheireyes.8请使用正版！！盗版必究！！(2014.12,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)Anumberofstreetartistsaroundtheworldhavestartedexpressingthemselvesthroughapracticeknownasreversegraffiti.(2020.09,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)Itisnecessaryforthecompaniesandstateagenciesinvolvedtoconsidertheethicalconsequencesofthesepotentialchangestobuildabetterfutureforall.(2018.12,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)Moderntechniquesforproducingandshippingfoodledtogreatervarietyandquantity,includingatremendousincreaseintheamountofanimalproteinanddairyproductsavailable,makingusmorevigorousthanourancestors.(2016.06,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)Today,however,despiteincreasingdemandforworkerswithstrongskillsinmathematicsandscience,theproportionsofdegreesawardedinscience,math,andengineeringaredecreasing.(2014.12,ReadingComprehension,SectionA)9请使用正版！！盗版必究！！第二部分如何表达多件事？五并列句并列句是由多个通过连接而构成的。表示顺接：表示转折：表示选择：表示因果：Nearlytwo-thirdsofusgrabfastfoodonceaweek,andwegetalmost25%ofourdailycaloriesfromsnacks...(2020.07,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)Theybeginwithverysimpletasks,buttheirresponsibilitiesgraduallyincrease.(2020.09,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)Inasense,forgettingisourbrain’swayofsortingmemories,sothemostrelevantmemoriesarereadyforretrieval.(2017.06,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageTwo)Weviewthiskindofadvertisingasenvironmentaldamageandwilltakestrongactionagainstit.(2020.09,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)...anumberofoil-producingcountriesaretrimmingtheirgasolinesubsidiesandraisingtaxes...(2016.12,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageTwo)10请使用正版！！盗版必究！！六、复合句-三大从句1.名词性从句名词性从句包括4种：、、和。它们的相同，但不同。LancycontraststhiswithwhathappensinAmerica.(2020.09,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)Justasnoonecouldpredictwhatwouldhappenwithsocialmediainthelastdecade,noonecanaccuratelypredictwherethistechnologywilltakeus.(CET-6,2014.12,ReadingComprehension,SectionC）Thisishowsocietymovesforward.(2018.12,ReadingComprehensionSectionC)Howraceandethnicityistaughtiscrucial...(2020.09,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)...itisextremelyimportanttothemthattheirchildrenearnacollegedegree...(CET-6,2017.06,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)Thisisevidencethatourimmunesystemreallydoesn’tfunctionsowellwhenweage.(2019.06,ReadingComprehensionSectionC)Whatyoumaynotrealize,however,isthatthelearningprocessactuallycontinues-inyourdreams.(2020.07,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)11请使用正版！！盗版必究！！2.定语从句定语从句的含义：定语从句的位置：定语从句的写法：注意：定语从句中，关系词的选择看决定，如下先行词=？关系词=？物which/that人who/whom/that人的/物的whose时间when地点where原因whyThecentre’s‘ShopwithYourDoc’programsendsdoctorstothegrocerystoretomeetwithanypatientswhosignupfortheservice...(2018.12,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)...they’realsorealisticabouttherisksanddangersthatlieahead...(2014.12,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)ButthevastmajorityofAmericanparentswhopayallowancetieittothecompletionofhousework.(2020.09,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)12请使用正版！！盗版必究！！Thisispushingsalesofnewmicrowaveswhichareexpectedtoreach135millionannuallyintheEUbytheendofthedecade.(2019.12,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)Thisoccursatatimewhenothernationshavemadesignificantgainsintheirownresearchcapabilities.(CET-6,2016.12,ReadingComprehension,SectionA)Evenpeoplewhosedataarelesspopularcanbenefit.(CET-6,2017.06,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageOne)3.状语从句状语从句的含义：状语从句的位置：状语从句的写法：状语从句分成种，主要由决定。状语从句从属连词时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句结果状语从句目的状语从句13请使用正版！！盗版必究！！条件状语从句让步状语从句比较状语从句方式状语从句Althoughwomenmakeupthemajorityofundergraduatesinouruniversities,justunderhalfofacademicstaffarefemale.(2020.09,ReadingComprehension,SectionA)Theywillmakefewermistakesthanhumandriversdo.(2018.12,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)...iffoodspendsjustafewsecondsonthefloor,dirtandgermswon’thavemuchofachancetocontaminateit...(2018.12,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)Myadviceisthatyounotpayattentiontothenumberofstepsandingredients，becausetheycanbedeceiving.(2020.07,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)Oncedriverlesscarsareactuallyavailableforsale,theearlyadopterswillbethepeoplewhocanaffordtobuythem.(2016.06,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)Manypeopleareborrowingoncreditcardssoheavilythatpayoffratesattheselevelsarenotsufficienttorecovertheircreditcarddebtbytheendoftheirlife...(CET-4,2013.12,ReadingComprehension)14请使用正版！！盗版必究！！七并列句和复合句的综合运用Iftheydetectsomethingwrongwhilethesystemisarmed,they’lltransmitawirelessalertsignaltoabasestationthatwillthenraisethealarm.(2016.12,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)Althoughmanyparentsbelievethatpayinganallowanceforcompletingchoresbenefitstheirchildren,arangeofexpertsexpressedconcernthattyingallowanceverycloselytochoresmaynotbeideal.(2020.09,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)Whilethe‘fivesecondrule’mightnotseemlikethemostpressingissueforfoodscientiststogettothebottomof,it’sstillworthinvestigatingfoodmythslikethisonebecausetheyshapeourbeliefsaboutwhenfoodissafetoeat.(2018.12,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)PerhapsthemostprofoundchangeswillcomewhenthefivebillionpeopleworldwidewhocurrentlylackInternetaccessgetonline.(2014.12,ReadingComprehension,SectionC,PassageOne)Printingwithmoveabletypeonpaperdramaticallyreducedthecostofproducingabookcomparedwiththeold-fashionedoneshandwrittenonvellum,whichcomesfromsheepskin.(2014.06,ReadingComprehension,SectionB)RobertStickgold，oneoftheHarvardresearchers，suggeststhatstudyingrightbeforebedtimeortakinganapfollowingastudysessionintheafternoonmightincreasetheoddsofdreamingaboutthematerial.(2020.07,ReadingComprehension,SectionC)15请使用正版！！盗版必究！！