采矿词汇1

1Miningmethodminingmethod采矿方法；miningoperation采矿作业；transportation运输；ventilation通风；groundcontrol顶板管理；thecostofpertonofcoal吨煤成本；recovery回采率；subsidev.?subsidencen.地表沉陷；subsidencecontrol地表沉陷控制cover覆盖层；overburden上覆地层；immediateroof直接顶；floor底板；dip（Pitch）倾角；hardness硬度；strength强度；cleavage解理；gas，methane瓦斯dailyoperation日常工作singleoperation单一工序unitoperation单元作业auxiliaryoperation辅助作业cuttingn.切割，掏槽；blastingn.爆破loadingn.装煤haulv.运输，搬运drainagen.排水powern.动力powerSupply动力供应communicationn.通讯lightingn.照明。disruptioninproduction停产；reductioninproduction减产；compromise折衷roomandpillar房柱式byfar到目前为止incommonwith…和…一样undergroundmining井工开采outcrop露头，露出地面的岩层；crosscut联络巷、石门；drift平硐；entry平巷；developmentstage开拓阶段；productionstage生产阶段；face工作面。continuousminer连续采煤机；haulagecapacity运输能力；mainentry主巷。barrierpillar隔离煤柱；buttentry区段平巷；propertyline矿井边界线。shearer滚筒采煤机planer，Plow刨煤机surfacemining露天开采augermining螺旋钻开采rapidexcavation快速掘进hydraulicmining水力采矿undergroundgasification地下气化oceanmining海洋采矿2MinePreplanning采煤规划inadequacy不足，缺乏transportationfacility运输设备inflationaryadj.通货膨胀的,通货膨胀引起的<--inflationn.胀大,通货膨胀inflationaryprocess通货膨胀过程driveup抬高，提高driveinto掘进到…befacedwith面临monumentaladj.[用以加强语气]非常的,极端的<--monumentn.纪念碑coalreserve煤炭储量Mtmetricton公吨。1Billion=1，000，000，000即10亿。0.907Mt=1milliontonelectromechanicaladj.机电的，electro(电子的)+mechanical(机械的)electromechanicalmineoperation矿井机电作业staffv.雇用，聘用seasonv适用，适应coordinaten.坐标。v.（使）互相配合，（使）协调，调整。amultitude（n.多数，多量）of大量capitalinvestment基本建设投资。foremost最主要的，最重要的，453.5Mt=500milliontonsputintooperation投产，投入使用raise筹集thelifeoftheproperty矿产/井的使用年限。commercialvalue市场价值，商业价值。forconvenience为了方便其见minability可采性marketability适销性，可销性coalreserve煤矿nominal，名义上的,极小的。option买卖选择权,优先购买权enterupon开始preliminaryexamination初步调查operatingmine生产矿井totheextentthat达到这种程度以致...；就...来说；在...方面来说；adjacentto邻近的surfacetopography地面地形，表面地形coalfield煤田measure层组coal-bearingmeasure含煤地层feature特征；地貌。structuralfeature构造特征surfaceimprovement地面上的改造tilledarea耕地reservoir水库powerline电力线，输电线reservationn.保留地；自然保护区onrecordn.留有 记录 混凝土 养护记录下载土方回填监理旁站记录免费下载集备记录下载集备记录下载集备记录下载 的,记录在案的preferred优先〔选用〕的，首选的traverse导线。traversewithcompass罗盘定位。systemsurveying系统测量sampling采样haveabearingon对…有影响，与...有关available有效的，可用的pricingschedule定价 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 preparationtreatment洗选加工selectiveadj.有选择性的,选择的amasterplanofoperation总体生产 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 。serveas用作，作为，起到…作用。basis基础，根据，依据since引导原因状语从句justify调整，证明，证明…是正确的，prospecting勘探drillingpattern钻孔布置，钻孔图式basicmap底图，基本地图logsheet钻孔柱状图tabularadj.<==tabletabularrecord 表格 关于规范使用各类表格的通知入职表格免费下载关于主播时间做一个表格详细英语字母大小写表格下载简历表格模板下载 记录operatingmanagement经营管理部门，经营管理lifeexpectancy预期使用年限，使用寿命deliveryofsupplies材料供应estimateofthecost成本估计salesdepartment销售部门3Minedevelopmentportal井筒expectedlifeofthemine矿井的 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 使用年限railhaulage轨道运输beof＋n.具有…（性质）drift平硐shaft立井，竖井slope斜井mainshaft主立井auxiliaryshaft副立井airshaft风井transferhouse中转煤仓headframe井架hoisthouse提升机房，绞车房skip箕斗cage罐笼cardump卸煤设备storagebin井底煤仓deplete耗尽、衰竭whether…or…是…还是…pressuredrop压降neteffect净效应，有效效应，实际结果capitalcost基建费用4Wallingsystemintroductionworkingface工作面headgate：区段皮带巷，运输巷gateentry：工作面顺槽coalface：采煤工作面interconnection：切眼bleederentry：区段回风巷panelentry：区段平巷gob,goaf：采空区end：端头cross-cut：联络巷tailgate：区段轨道巷，回风巷headentry：工作面运输巷（下顺槽）tailentry：工作面回风巷（上顺槽）Longwallmining长壁采矿法Shortwallmining短壁采矿法pillarsystem.柱式系统longwallminingonstrike走向长壁采煤方法mininginadvance/walladvancingmining前进式采煤方法mininginretreat/wallretreatingmining后退式采煤方法inclinedlongwallmining倾斜长壁开采underhandmining俯采overhandmining仰采Coalminingmachine,coal-gettingmachine采煤机；Shearer，滚筒采煤机Plow，planer刨煤机Faceconveyor工作面运输机Panline,”溜子”Chainconveyor链式运输机Scraperchainconveyor刮板输送机Armoredchainconveyor铠装运输机Roofsupportsystem：顶板支护系统Frictionprops：摩擦支柱Frictionmetalprops：摩擦支柱Hydraulicprop：液压支柱Single/Individualhydraulicprop单体液压支柱Hydraulicpoweredself-advancedsupport：液压自移式支架roofsupport顶板支架stageloader：转载机panelbeltconveyor区段皮带运输机electricalcontrol电力控制装置/设备hydraulicpump液压泵站blastminingtechnology爆破采煤工艺conventionallymechanizedminingtechnology普通机械化采煤fullymechanizedminingtechnology综合机械化采煤fullymechanizedminingwithsublevelcavingtechnology综采放顶煤方法Chapter4.2Groundcontrol工作面周围地层：Overlyingstrata上覆地层：Mainroof老顶，基本顶Immediateroof直接顶Gob采空区--Face—rib（煤壁）Floor底板Underlyingstrata下伏地层Groundcontrol顶板处理方式：（1）Caving；（2）PackStable切口，机窝deadwork准备工作，非生产性工作。Mobilebeltconveyor可移式胶带运输机Noexception无一例外regularmaintenancen.日常修理,定期检修Downtime停工期(由于损坏、修理等原因造成的停机时间),停工时间,停机时间Clearance空隙Immediateareaoftheface：工作面的直接区域Ribline煤壁线，腰线heading掘进头，平巷uptodip沿倾斜上行Compressionstrength压缩强度Underlyingstrata下伏地层bedseparation离层Onstrike沿走向Rad＝radian，弧度Cleat解理Holdtrue有效，适用Halfbuttcutting半垂直切割Angleofattack冲角virginconditions原始条件；HarderroofstrataSoftercoalseam――uniformlydistributedstress，theoverburdenweightHarderfloorstratainducedbymining采动引起的Stressdistribution应力分布Deflect偏斜，偏转，挠曲，下垂Cavein冒顶，垮落Frontabutmentpressure前方支承压力Sideabutmentpressure侧向支承压力Rearabutmentpressure后方支承压力前方支承压力：分布范围：150mfirstfelt/occur出现，有反应，有感应；45－60mpickupslightly略有增长，略有加速；15－21mincreaserapidly迅速增长；1.5-5m支承压力峰值peakabutmentpressuremagnitudeofthepeakabutmentpressure峰值大小：1.5-5overburdernweight后方压力：verticalpressurefacearea：farbelowthecoverloadgobarea：graduallyincreaseatlast：thecoverload范围：0.3-0.4theoverburdenthickness.NoabutmentpressureSideabutmentFirstfelt：Atthesametimeasthefrontabutmentpressure范围：fromtheribto1/3or1/4hlargestattheribside,decreaseexponentiallywithdistancefromribpositionofpeakpressure：0.015hMagnitudedependonthethicknessandlengthoftheimmediateroofhanginginthegob.Gobarea采空区稳定--?slip,sag,separate--?caveinFacearea工作面区SupporttheimmediateroofSolidcoal实体煤Chapter4.3RoofsupportsystemFace-to-gobdistance控顶距，工作面到采空区的距离。Yieldpressure屈服压力supportresistance支架阻力Face-to-tipdistance端面距Precut预切割Frames节式支架Stroke行程Chocksupport垛式支架Double-actingram双作用千斤顶Webcut截深Shields掩护式支架Doublelink双键Lemniscate双纽线，四联杆Roofcanopy顶梁Chock-Shield支撑掩护式支架leg，prop立柱canopy顶梁forwardcanopy前梁rearcanopy尾梁cavingshield掩护梁flipper，spaulingshield护帮板slider,jackboard插板ram，cylinder，jack千斤顶hose油管emulsion乳化液valve阀supportyielding支架卸载Chapter4.4Longwallcoal-gettingmachineminer，miningmachine采煤机continuousminer连续采煤机shearer滚筒采煤机motor电动机、马达electricmotor电机haulagegearcase牵引部gearhead传动部cutterdrumgearcase滚筒截割部bedplate底盘、底座controlunit控制装置chain链条reducinggearbox减速箱pillboard挡煤板cowl挡煤板bit截齿drum滚筒ranging-arm摇臂gear齿轮track轨道geartrack齿轨gearcasen.齿轮箱Rotor转子Chapter4.5Conveyingsystemflexibleflightconveyor/facechainconveyor工作面可弯曲刮板输送机maincomponents主要部件drivehead机头部electricmotor电动机Hydrauliccoupling液力联轴器speedreducer减速器chainwheel/sprocket链轮driveheadframe机头架middlesections中间部linepan溜槽flight/scraper刮板linkchain刮板链endlesschain无极链机尾部tailend机尾架Driveendframe链轮sprocket附属装置auxiliarydrives/units挡煤板spillboard/spillplate(cowl罩，外壳)铲煤板rampplate千斤顶jackchaindrive链式传动：classificationaccordingtochainarrangement双边链doublestrandoutboardchain三链triplestrandchain单中链singlemiddlechain双中链doublemiddlechain新型刮板输送机侧卸式side-loadingfightconveyor垂直转弯式roller-curvefightconveyor转载机TransferconveyorAshortheavyflexibleflightconveyor桥式转载机（bridge）stageloader区段皮带输送机Maincomponents皮带belt托辊roller支撑托辊supportingroller机架frame传动装置driveunit电动机electricmotor联轴器coupling减速器speedreducer滚筒drum①卸载滚筒unloadeddrum②机尾导向滚筒tailguidedrum③拉紧滚筒take-updrum④机尾导向滚筒guidedrum拉紧装置take-upunits制动装置Brakingdevices采区运输系统：上山rise下山dipDipangle≤15°beltconveyor15°＜Dipangle≤25°chainconveyorDipangle＞25°ceramicconveyor水平运输系统水平运输大巷horizontalhaulageentrybeltconveyor矿车trolleywagons机车locomotive电力机车trolleylocomotive蓄电池机车batterylocomotive矿车wagon固定箱式矿车FixedboxwagonTippingbucketwagonFrontunloadingwagon底卸式矿车Bottom-dumpwagon立井提升系统矿井提升系统Minehoistsystem提升机Enginehoist钢丝绳wirerope天轮headsheave（n.滑轮）箕斗skip辅助运输auxiliarytransportationTransportationofmaterial,equipment,wasteandpersonnel材料、设备、矸石、人员副井AuxiliaryshaftSimilartomainshaft罐笼Cage――hoistcontainer斜井SlopeIntheslope,materialandequipmentareusuallytransportedbydirectropehoistandendlessropehoist.Whilethewasteistransportedbyskipandtrainaccordingtothedipangle.Thepersonnelaretransportedbyaspecialman-carintheslope.水平运输大巷horizontalhaulageentryElectriclocomotivehaulthewagonstotransportmaterial,equipment,waste.Electriclocomotivehaulthespecialman-carstotransportminers.采区上下山districtriseanddip1）有极绳提升Directropehoistdipangle：8-22钢丝绳的一端与矿车相连，通过绞车（winch）放出和收回。2）无极绳提升Endlessropehoistdipangle：≤10区段运输Tailentry：wagons＋wireropeOverheadmonorail单轨吊OverheadendlessropehoistTransferconveyor转载运输机Stageloader桥式转载机Rollercurveconveyor滚轴转弯运输机Chapter4.6Ventilationsystem风机：Ventilationfan回风井：Returnshaft进风井：IntakeshaftWorkingfaceIntakeworking回风巷道：Returnroadway新鲜风：FreshairAirflow乏风：Dirtyair回风系统：抽出式通风：Exhaustventilation负压negativepressure压入式通风：Forcedventilation正压Positivepressure风机类型：离心式风机：Centrifugalfan；轴流式风机：Axialflowfan。通风设施：Ventilatingstructures风墙：Ventilationwall风门：Airdoor风桥：AirbridgeAirregulator防尘、灭尘：Dustsuppressionwaterspray洒水，mistspray喷雾固定滚筒双向截割采煤机fixed-drumbi-directionalshearer单滚筒可调高采煤机single-drumranging-armshearer双滚筒可调高采煤机double-dramranging-armshearer矿井瓦斯：minegas瓦斯：gas，methane，firedampAllhazardousgasesinundergroundcoalmines,itsmajorcomponentisCH4.Colorless,odorless,nonpoisonous,Combustible.Itsdensityislessthanthatoftheair,soitoftenaccumulatesneartheroof.Gas/methanecontrol瓦斯控制Gassymine高瓦斯矿井Chapter5PillarsystemTwodistinctphasesofoperation：Firstroomsandpillarsaredevelopedinasection.Thesecondisminingpillars.Twobasicminingmethods:Conventionalminingmethod.普通采煤方法Cutting掏槽atthebottomofthecoalseamahorizontalslotis6-9inch,5-7feetdeepDrilling钻眼theoptimumnumberandlocationofboreholescoalfragmentsafterblastingneithertoobignortoosmallforefficientloading.Blasting爆破explosivesareloadedintoeachboreholeanddetonatedn.起爆Loading装煤shuttlecar?sectionbeltconveyor.Twoshuttlecarsareused.roofbolting顶板锚杆支护为了充分发挥设备和人员的能力，至少同时掘进5个平行的巷道。由于生产环节多、分散，逐渐被连续采煤方法取代。Continuousminingmethod.连续采煤方法Icontinuousminer＋shuttlecar连续采煤机＋梭车工艺＋sectionbeltconveyor＋roofbolting间断运输工艺IIcontinuousminer＋(intermediate)conveyors连续采煤机＋输送机工艺＋sectionbeltconveyor＋roofbolting连续的运输工艺Pillarrecovery回收煤柱Therearethreemethodsofextractingpillars,open-endmethod,pocketandwingmethodandsplittingmethod.open-endmethod开端式pocketandwingmethod袋翼式splitting劈柱式pillar?blocks?lifts/slices煤柱――块――切块Coalproperty煤矿Area盘区Setofentries巷道群Engineervt.设计Slough脱落，剥落，碎落；崩落，坍塌，滑坍Crush压碎Afunctionof是…的函数，随…而变。Relativestrength相对强度Clearance净空BlockofcoalRoomworkCuttingconsequence切割顺序Faceminingcycle工作面开采循环Miningpractice开采Colloquial[kE5lEukwiEl]adj.口语的,通俗的Dictate规定，制定Outline形成…轮廓Incorporate…as…Ample充足的，丰富的solidworkchainpillar巷道煤柱lessen减少，减轻lift小煤块、slice切块physicalconditionn.实际条件post柱子，支柱stump煤柱slab平板fender煤柱，窄煤柱handloading人工装载commonpractice惯例concurrentlyn.同时发生地,并行地inplace就地，原地；在地层内rideover骑马来，跨在…上masonryn.砖石工程,砖石建筑砌筑。Masonrystopping砌筑风墙Canvasstopping帆布风帘LineBrattice纵向风障Loadingstation装车点Chapter6Roadwayexcavationandsupport1Roadwaysection巷道断面掘进drive,tunnel,excavate平巷掘进Drifting巷道掘进roadwayexcavation平巷掘进n.drifting沉井，凿井n.sinking上山掘进n.raising下山掘进n.1）Theshapeofroadwaysection断面形状巷道断面形状主要取决于地层条件、服务年限和支护材料。Theshapeofroadwaysectiondependsmainlyonstrataconditions，theservinglifeandsupportingmaterials.井筒Shaft,circular大巷Mainentry,arched,horseshoe上山rise,ladder-shaped,trapezoidal顺槽Gateway,ladder-shaped,trapezoidal2）Thesizeofroadwaysection断面尺寸巷道断面尺寸主要取决于巷道的用途。Thesizeofroadwaysectiondependsmainlyonitsuse.它取决于运输或提升设备或其它设备的尺寸，还要根据通风要求对巷道断面尺寸加以修改。Itisdependentonhaulageorhoistingequipmentorotherdevicesused，anditismodifiedaccordingtotheventilationrequirement.净宽，netwidth；净高netheight；净断面面积netsectionarea。2Roadwayexcavationinrocks岩巷掘进炮掘，爆破掘进：blastingexcavation装岩，除渣：mucking掘进工艺包括主要作业和辅助作业，其中主要作业包括破岩、装岩、运输、支护，辅助作业包括通风、铺设轨道、挖掘排水沟、铺设管线等等。Theexcavationtechniqueconsistsofmainoperationsincludingbreaking,loading,haulageandsupport,andauxiliaryworkincludingventilation,layingthetrack,diggingditchesandlayingpipesetc.1）Breaking破岩打眼放炮是目前应用最广泛的破岩方法。Drillingandblastingisthemostwidelyusedmethodofrockbreakingatpresent.（1）drillingDrilln.钻机气动轻型钻机，风钻Air-jackleg气腿式钻机Air-jacklegdrill架式钻机Drifter钻车，凿岩台车Jumbo,drillcarriage湿式钻进Wetdrilling干式钻进Drydrilling钻孔borehole（2）Blasting爆破炸药：Explosive装药：Loadexplosiveintheborehole,charge起爆：detonate?雷管：detonator；电雷管：electricdetonator炮眼布置方式：drillingpattern掏槽眼：cuthole辅助眼：auxiliaryhole周边眼：trimhole顶眼：roofhole帮眼：flankhole底眼：Bottomhole起爆顺序：firingsequenceCut?auxiliary?roof&flank?bottomThetypeofexplosiveused,rockproperties,andmethodofloadingandsequenceoffiringtheholes,affectholedepth,diameter,alignmentandspacing.采用的炸药的类型、岩石的特性、装岩方法、各个钻孔的起爆顺序，这些都影响着钻孔深度、直径、排列和间距的确定。Ablastroundconsistsofcut,relief,breast,andtrimholes.一个爆破炮眼组包括掏槽眼、辅助眼、压眼和边界眼。2）Excavationfaceventilation掘进面通风Fan风机Airpipe风筒3）loadingandhaulage装岩和运输铲斗装岩机Shovelmucker耙斗装岩机Scrapermucker机车＋矿车Locomotive＋wagons4）support支护3Roadwayexcavationincoals煤巷掘进1）conventionalexcavationofcoaldrift传统的煤层平巷掘进法Breakingisbymeansofdrillingandblasting.手持式电钻：handheldelectricdrillloading:handloading人工装煤scrapermucker：耙斗装煤机coalloader：装煤机扒抓，蟹抓2gathering-arms刮板输送机：1scraperconveyor2）综掘fullymechanizedexcavation（1）gatewaymachine平巷掘进机组成：掘进头，（boom）cutterhead，cuttinghead装煤装置：loadingmechanism扒抓，蟹抓gathering-arm刮板输送机：scraperconveyorhaulage：皮带输送机：beltstage-loadermechanism履带行走装置：crawlertravelmechanism支撑千斤顶：supportingcylinders，用来固定机器othercylinders，controlcutterhead液控箱hydrauliccontrolbox操作：操作时，首先驱动履带行走装置，使得切削头碰到煤壁；然后，伸长导向千斤顶和后部千斤顶，支撑到巷道上；这样就固定住了掘进机。然后，切割头在掘进面底部的一侧钻入煤壁。操作水平摆动千斤顶，使切割头割到底部的另外一侧，这就在掘进面底部完成了一刀作业。操作升降千斤顶，使切割头向上割一定距离（切割头的直径），然后用相同的方法再割第二刀。执行这个循环作业，直到割完整个断面。平巷掘进机可以掘出任何形状和尺寸的断面，如圆形、马蹄形、拱形和长方形。Gatewaymachinecanexcavateanysizeandshapeofcrosssection:circular,horseshoe,archedandrectangular.（2）continuousminer连续采煤机roofbolter锚杆安装机，锚杆机。Theroofbolterisarubber-tiredvehicleusedtodrillandinsertboltsintotherooftosupportit.锚杆机是一个用来打锚杆眼安装锚杆来支护顶板的机器，它是用胶轮行走的。4Roadwaysupporting巷道支护永久性支护：permanentsupport临时性支柱：temporarysupport刚性支护：rigidsupport柔性支护：yieldablesupport主动支护：activesupport被动支护：negetivesupport类型：（1）木支架：timbersupport梯形巷道：basicform：1beam＋2posts基本形式：一梁二柱（2）钢支架：steelribsupport梯形巷道：1beam＋2posts，工字钢：I-steel拱形巷道：U-steelarchyieldablesupportU形刚拱形可缩型支架（3）块石或混凝土砌碹：stoneorconcretelining直墙拱形：straight-sidedarch（4）锚杆支护boltingsupportEnhancetheself-supportingcapabilityofsurroundingrock.提高了围岩的自承能力。喷射混凝土：shotcreting锚喷：boltingandshotcreting锚网：boltingandmetalmesh锚索：anchoredcable锚注：boltingandinjectingThelengthoftimetherocksafelycanbeleftunsupportedwillgreatlyeffecttheoveralldrifting-operationcycle.岩石开挖后无支护而且安全的时间长度，即拱桥作用的时间，对于整个平巷掘进工艺循环有着很大的影响。Insomecases,nosupportisneeded.Inothers,closesupport,orsupportaheadofthelastset,isrequired.在一些情况下，不需要进行巷道支护。其它的情况，需要及时支护，或者超前最后一个支架进行支护。超前支护：Advancingsupport导管：PipespillingChapter7NovelminingmethodsNovelminingmethods新型采矿方法掘进drive,tunnel,excavate巷道掘进roadwayexcavation平巷掘进n.drifting沉井，凿井n.sinking上山掘进n.raisingTermvt称为；把…叫做Warrantn.许可证,保证,理由,执照;vt.向...保证,批准,使有正当理由Curiosityn.奇特性,好奇心,珍品Augermining螺旋钻开采法Leaching溶浸法；leachvt.过滤boreholemining钻井采矿法oblivionn.遗忘,湮没onthevergeof接近于,濒临于technologytransfer技术推广,技术转让R&D研发，研究和开发Stoping，回采，采矿法Sublevel，分段Commodityn.矿种,矿产Viability[7vaiE5biliti]n.生存能力,发育能力Tieto依靠，依赖syntheticfuel人造燃料,合成燃料cartel企业联合，卡特尔intriguingadj.迷人的,有迷惑力的unconsolidated未固结的，非胶结的，疏松的extraterrestrialadj.地球外的untried未试过的Nonethelessadv.虽然如此,但是Deterrent[di`tE:rEnt]n.阻碍,威胁力量Roadheader巷道掘进机Mole隧道全断面掘进机TBM隧道掘进机SBM井筒掘进机Coinv.创造，杜撰（新词）Overbreak，overexcavate超挖欠挖alignmentn.定线,准线,校正，定位pilothole导向钻孔，导洞intermsof根据，在…方面davyman矿灯工dayarrangement地面设备daydrift平硐dayeye倾斜探井daylevel平硐dayoutput日产量daywork地面工作daylight日光daylightlamp日光灯dc直流dcgenerator直立电机dcmotor直羚动机deadair停滞的空气deadcoal非炼焦煤deadend独头巷道deadface独头巷道deadload静重deadpressure死压detour迂回巷道detrition磨损detritus岩屑developedfield开拓了的矿床developementdrift开拓平巷developementopenings开拓巷道developementworkings开拓巷道developing开发developingbutt开拓巷道developingentry准备平巷development发展developmentend采准工祖developmentface采准工祖developmentheading准备平巷developmentmachine掘进机developmentopening准备巷道developmentplan开拓计划developmentroad开拓巷道developmentsection开拓区developmentworkings准备平巷deviation偏差device装置diagonalentry伪倾斜巷道diagonalface对角工祖diagonalrise伪倾斜上山diagonalslicing倾斜分层开采法diagonalventilation对角式通风diagram曲线图diagonalentry伪倾斜巷道diagonalface对角工祖diagonalrise伪倾斜上山diagonalslicing倾斜分层开采法diagonalventilation对角式通风diagram曲线图doublebarrel复式岩心管doublechainconveyor双链刮板输送机doubledeckcage双层式罐笼doubledrumhoist双滚筒绞车doubledrumscraperhoist双滚筒扒矿绞车doubledrumseparator双浓筒磁选机doubledrumwinch双滚筒绞车doubleentry双平巷doubleintakes双进风道doubleparting错车道doublereductiongearbox两级减速装置doublerollcrusher双辊破碎机doublestagecompressor双级压气机doubletrackhaulageroadway双轨运输巷doubletrackheading双线平巷doubletrackedincline双轨斜井doubletrackedplane双轨上山doubletubecorebarrel复式岩心管doubleunion双键doubleunit双工炸区doubleuppost补充柱downgrade下坡downcastair进风downcastshaft进风井downcut下部掏槽downdraft下向通风downhole向下炮眼downpour注下downward下向的downwardcurrent下降流下向流downwardmining下行开采downwardventilation下向通风downwardworking下行开采dozer推土机draft通风drafttube吸入管dragbarconveyor刮板运输机dragclassifier刮板分级机dragconveyor刮板运输机dragline朔挖掘机draglineexcavator朔挖掘机draglinetowerexcavator塔式朔挖掘机dragscraper刮土铲运机dragshovel刮土铲运机drain排水管drainadit排水平峒drainline排水管道drainopening排水囗drainpipe排水管drainpump排水泵drainsump集水仓draintap放水旋塞draintube排水管drainvalve放泄阀drainage排水drainageadit排水平峒drainagearea排水面积drainagechannel排水沟drainageconveyor脱水输送机drainageelevator脱水提升机drainagefacilities排水设备drainagegallery排水平硐drainagehole放泄孔drainagelevel排水平巷drainagenetwork排水网drainageproperty透水性drainagepump排水泵drainagescreen脱水筛drainageshaft排水井drainagesieve脱水筛drainageworks排水工作draining排水draught通风draughttube吸管drawbar牵引杆drawing回收drawingbackofpillars后退式回采矿柱drawingheight提升高度drawinghoist回柱绞车drawingmachine提升绞车drawingprogram放矿计划drawingrate放矿速度drawingshaft提升井drawpointbrow放矿点口dredge挖掘船dredgepump吸泥泵dredger挖掘船dredging挖出dredgingengine挖泥机dresser选矿工dressing刃磨dressingexpenses选矿费dressingmachine锻钎机dressingmethod连矿法dressingplant选矿厂dressingworks选矿厂drier干燥机drift平硐driftangle偏差角driftbed冲积层driftconveyer水平坑道运输机driftdrill架式凿岩机driftminer巷道掘进工driftmining平硐开采driftpillar平巷矿柱driftway水平巷道driftage巷道掘进drifter架式凿岩机drifting巷道掘进driftingmachine架式凿岩机driftingmethod掘进法drill钎杆drilladapter钻杆卡头drillautofeeder自动推进装置drillbar钻杆drillbit钎头drillbitgageloss钻头直径磨损量drillblower钻机吹粉器drillbortz钻用金刚石drillcarriage凿岩机drillchuck钻头夹盘drillcolumn钻杆柱drillcore钻机岩心drillcuttings钻粉drillhammer凿岩机drillhole排放钻孔drillholedepth钻孔深度drillholewall钻孔壁drilljumbo凿岩机drillmaker锻钎机drillman凿岩工drillmounting钻机架drillpipe钻杆drillpipecutter套管内切刀drillpiston风钻活塞drillpointangle钻尖角drillpump钻机泵drillrig钻车drillrod钻杆drillrope钻井钢丝绳drillround炮眼组drillsteel钻钢drillstem钻杆drillteam钻探队drilltower钻塔drilltruck钻车drillunit钻孔设备drillwaterhose凿岩机供水软管drillwaterpipe钻机冲洗水管drillability可钻性drillabilityindex可钻性指数driller凿岩工drillholeburden炮眼的负裁drilling穿孔drillingandblastingoperation打眼放炮工作drillingcable钻井钢丝绳drillingcost打钻费drillingdevice钻眼装置drillingdust钻粉drillingequipment钻孔设备drillingexploration钻孔勘探drillingfluid钻孔液体drillinghead钻头drillinghole钻孔drillingjumbo钻车drillingline钻井钢丝绳drillingmachine钻孔机drillingmeal钻粉drillingmethod钻进方法drillingmud钻泥drillingoutfit钻孔设备drillingpattern炮孔排列法drillingpipe钻杆drillingplatform钻井平台drillingrate钻孔速度drillingrope钻井钢丝绳drillingshift钻眼班drillingspeed钻孔速度drillingstaging凿岩台drillingsteel钻钢drillingtime钻孔时间drillingtool钻具bed,deposit,field书馆　矿床outcrop　　露头fault　　断层vein,sean,lode　　矿脉goldreef　　金矿矿脉pocket　　矿穴reservoir　　储藏watertable　　潜水面，地下水面mine　　矿stratum,layer　　矿层quarry　　露天采石claypit　　粘土矿坑peatbog　　泥炭沼goldnugget　　块金gangue　　脉石，矿石，尾矿prospector　　探矿者prospecting　　探矿boring,drilling　　钻探auger,drill　　钻excavation　　发掘quarrying,extraction　　采石borer,drill,drillingmachine　　钻机stonemason　　石工锤stonecutter　　切石机miner　　矿工miningengineer　　采矿工程师pan　　淘金盘