2005年01月大学英语四级真题

2005年01月大学英语四级真题 一、Writing （本大题1小题．每题15.0分，共15.0分。 For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition . You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: ） 第1题 1.你认为自己具备了什么条件（能力、性格、爱好等）可以胜任学生会主席的工作 2.如果当选，你将为本校同学做些什么 A Campaign Speech 【正确答案】： A Campaign Speech My dear fellow students, It's my great honor to have the chance to deliver a speech here and I'm grateful for it. Impressed as I am by the excellent speeches made by the previous candidates, I'll prove myself to be the best one for the post of chairman of the student union. First of all, I have a pleasant personality. As a class monitor in my past freshman year, I've been getting along well with all my classmates as well as my teachers and have accumulated quite a lot of working experience and communication skills, which I regard as essential for the post I'm running for. In addition, I have the initiative and creativity. Although our student union is well-organized at present, it lacks various activities that we students are interested in and can participate in. I premise, if I am to be elected, I'll change the situation and make the student union a bridge between students and the university. So, my wise friends, vote for yourself and vote for me -- because I'm your hope and your best choice! Thank you! 二、Cloze（共20小题,共10.0分）There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 第1题 Wise buying is a positive way in .which you can make your money go further. The (1) you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually (2) you money or can add (3) the cost. Take the (4) example of a hairdryer. If you are buying a hairdryer, you might (5) that you are making the (6) buy if you choose one (7) look you like and which is also the cheapest (8) price. But when you get it home you may find that it (9) twice as long as a more expensive (10) to dry your hair. The cost of the electricity plus the cost of your time could well (11) your hairdryer the most expensive one of all. So what principles should you (12) when you go out shopping? If you (13) your home, your car or any valuable (14) in excellent condition, you'll be saving money in the long (15) . Before you buy a new (16) , talk to someone who owns one. If you can, use it or borrow it to check it suits your particular (17) Before you buy an expensive (18) , or a service, do check the price and (19) is on offer. If possible, choose (20) three items or three estimates. A form B fashion C way D method 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 本题主要辨析way和method：前者指思想、行动、办事“方式、方法”时，主要有以下两个意义：1)泛指做某事的不同方法，不确定哪种方法最好；2)指某人特有的行为方式，常用于the way sb. does sth．的结构中，本空即取此义。后者指具体的、有系统性、逻辑性和理论依据的“方法、办法”，包括遵循的步骤和技术。 第2题 A save B preserve C raise D retain 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 与or后面的add对比的是save，且与money常形成搭配“省钱”；raise money可表示“筹集钱款”，但不说raise sb．money；preserve“保护，维持；保存，保藏；腌制”和retain“保留，保持”均不符合句意。 第3题 A up B to C in D on 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 固定搭配：add to“增加，添加”，可后接cost“成本”；add up“加算；合计”，不符合句意；其他两个介词不与add构成搭配。 第4题 A easy B single C simple D similar 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 习惯上用simple修饰example，表示“简单的例子”。 第5题 A convince B accept C examine D think 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 think“以为”与后一句(But引导的平行句)中的find“发现”形成对比呼应。convince为及物动词，一般用于被动语态或接人称宾语。 第6题 A proper B best C reasonable D most 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 最高级best与68题前面的cheapest一致；proper和reasonable体现不出最高级含义；most修饰名词是指数量，不符合句意。 第7题 A its B which C whose D what 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 此处需要表示所有关系的代词修饰名词look“外表”，引导定语从句，所以its和which都不对。 第8题 A for B with C in D on 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 in在此表示“在……方面”。 第9题 A spends B takes C lasts D consumes 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 此处为sth．takes some time(to do…)“某事花费一些时间”的结构；spend和consume的主语都应该是人，last表示动作持续时间，均不符合句意。 第10题 A mode B copy C sample D model 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 上下文在比较吹风机，因此最佳答案是model“型号；款式”。mode“模式”，如洗衣机处于漂洗、甩干等不同的工作状态、模式中；copy“书本、册，复制品”；sample“样品”，均不符题意。 第11题 A cause B make C leave D prove 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 此处为make sth．+形容词“使某事物……”的结构；cause一般用于cause sth．to be结构中；其他两词意思讲不通。 第12题 A adopt B lay C stick D adapt 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 adopt principles“采取原则”；stick和adapt均与介词to搭配后接宾语。 第13题 A reserve B decorate C store D keep 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 keep．．．in excellent condition“使……处于最佳状态、保存完好”。 第14题 A products B possession C material D ownership 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 home和car都属于possession“财产”范畴。product“产品”；material“材料“；ownership“所有权”，均不通。 第15题 A run B interval C period D time 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 固定搭配：in the long run“从长远看，终究”；interval与at构成固定搭配at intervals“每隔一段时间(或距离)，不时”。 第16题 A appliance B equipment C utility D facility 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 只有appliance可数，前面接冠词a，常构成习惯表达electrical appliances“电器”，domestic/household appliances“家用电器”；equipment[U]指某项活动所需或某个领域内全部的“设备、器材”；utility“功用，效用；[常pl.]公用事业”；facility“[U]便利，容易，方便；[常pl.]设备，设施”。 第17题 A function B purpose C goal D task 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 Purpose与suit搭配，其他不可。 第18题 A component B element C item D particle 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 item有“产品”的意思，符合上下文，且最后一句有此词的重现。 第19题 A what B which C that D this 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 此处需要引导一个名词性从句作check的宾语，表示“所有可供选择的”，故用what，相当于all that。 第20题 A of B in C by D from 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 choose from．．．“从……中选”，其他三个介词不与choose搭配。 三、Listening Comprehension（Section A）（共10小题,共10.0分）In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 第1题 A The man enjoys traveling by car. B The man lives far from the subway. C The man is good at driving. D The man used to own a car. 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] W: You've sold your car. You don't need one? M: Not really. I've never liked driving anyway. Now that we've moved to a place near the subway entrance, we can get about quite conveniently. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 第2题 A Tony should continue taking the course. B She approves of Tony's decision. C Tony can choose another science course. D She can't meet Tony so early in the morning. 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] M: I'm going to drop my Information-science class. It means too early in the morning. W: Is that really a good reason to drop the class, Tony? Q: What does the woman mean? 第3题 A She has to study for the exam. B She is particularly interested in plays. C She's eager to watch the new play. D She can lend her notes to the man. 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] M: If you aren't doing anything particular, shall we see the new play at the Grand Theatre tonight? W: Sounds great, but I've got to go over my notes for tomorrow's mid-term. Q: What does the woman imply? 第4题 A They will be replaced by on-line education sooner or later. B They will attract fewer kids as on-line education expands. C They will continue to exist along with on-line education. D They will limit their teaching to certain subjects only. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] M: What do you think of the prospects for on-line education? Is it going to replace the traditional school? W: I doubt it. Schools are here to stay, because they are much more than just book learning. Even though more and more kids are going online, I believe few of them will quit school altogether. Q: What does the woman think of conventional schools? 第5题 A Most students would like to work for a newspaper. B Most students find a job by reading advertisements. C Most students find it hard to get a job after they graduate. D Most students don't want jobs advertised in the newspapers. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] M: How do most students find a job after they graduate? W: They usually look for a job by searching the wantads in the newspapers. Q: What does the woman mean? 第6题 A Move the washing machine to the basement. B Turn the basement into a workshop. C Repair the washing machine. D Finish his assignment. 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] M: Alan is in the basement, trying to repair the washing machine. W: Shouldn't he be working on his term paper? Q: What does the woman think Alan should do? 第7题 A Some students at the back cannot hear the professor. B The professor has changed his reading assignment. C Some of the students are not on the professor's list. D The professor has brought extra copies of his assignment. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] W: Professor Neon, a few of us at the back didn't get the copy of your reading assignment. M: Well, there are only 38 names on my class list, and I didn't bring any spare copies. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 第8题 A She doesn't want to talk about the contest. B She's modest about her success in the contest. C She's spent two years studying English in Canada. D She's very proud of her success in the speech contest. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] M: Congratulations, Li Ming. You're the talk of the town and the pride of our class now. W: If you are referring to my winning the English speech contest, I don't think it such a big deal. You know, I've spent two summer vacations learning English in Canada. Q: What do we learn about IA Ming from the conversation? 第9题 A Talking about sports. B Writing up local news. C Reading newspapers. D Putting up advertisements. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] M: Would you pass me the sports section, please? W: Sure, if you give me the classified ads and local news section. Q: What are the speakers doing? 第10题 A They shouldn't change their plan. B They'd better change their mind. C The tennis game won't last long. D Weather forecasts are not reliable. 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] W: If the weather is this hot tomorrow, we may as well give up the idea of playing tennis in the afternoon. M: Oh, I don't think it will last long. The weather forecast says it will cloud over by mid-afternoon. Q: What does the man mean? 四、Reading Comprehension（共20小题,共40.0分）There are several passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 第1题 Scratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery, but being able to tell if the cause is a cold or flu (流感) may make a difference in how long the misery lasts. The American Lung Association (ALA) has issued new guidelines on combating colds and the flu, and one of the keys is being able to quickly tell the two apart. That's because the prescription drugs available for the flu need to be taken soon after the illness sets in. As for colds, the sooner a person starts taking over-the-counter remedy, the sooner relief will come. The common cold and the flu are both caused by viruses. More than 200 viruses can cause cold symptoms, while the flu is caused by three viruses -- flu A, B and C. There is no cure for either illness, but the flu can be prevented by the flu vaccine (疫苗) , which is, for most people, the best way to fight the flu, according to the ALA. But if the flu does strike, quick action can help. Although the flu and common cold have many similarities, there are some obvious signs to look for. Cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose and scratchy throat typically develop gradually, and adults and teens often do not get a fever. On the other hand, fever is one of the characteristic features of the flu for all ages. And in general, flu symptoms including fever and chills, sore throat and body aches come on suddenly and are more severe than cold symptoms. The ALA notes that it may be particularly difficult to tell when infants and preschool age children have the flu. It advises parents to call the doctor if their small children have flu-like symptoms. Both cold and flu symptoms can be eased with over-the-counter medications as well. However, children and teens with a cold or flu should not take aspirin for pain relief because of the risk of Reye syndrome (综合症), a rare but serious condition of the liver and central nervous system. There is, of course, no vaccine for the common cold. But frequent hand washing and avoiding close contact with people who have colds can reduce the likelihood of catching one. According to the author, knowing the cause of the misery will help______. A shorten the duration of the illness B the patient buy medicine over the counter C the patient obtain cheaper prescription drugs D prevent people from catching colds and the flu 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：2.0分 【答案解析】 文章第一句说，“being able to tell if the cause is a cold or flu may make a difference in how long the misery lasts能够区别这种症状究竟起源于伤风还是流感，可以影响到这种痛苦的症状会持续多久”，也就是说可以[A]“shorten the duration of the illness”。本题为细节题，找准题眼，可以很容易排除其余选项。 第2题 We learn from the passage that______. A one doesn't need to take any medicine if he has a cold or the flu B aspirin should not be included in over-the-counter medicines for the flu C delayed treatment of the flu will harm the liver and central nervous system D over-the-counter drugs can be taken to ease the misery caused by a cold or the flu 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：2.0分 【答案解析】 倒数第2段首句说，“用柜台药品也可以减轻伤风和流感的症状”，所以排除[A]，选[D]。接下来的内容说，不可随意让少年儿童服用阿司匹林，[B]则完全排除该药；其实，成年人服用阿司匹林并无不妥，所以[B]错误。[C]谈到对肝脏及中枢神经系统的损害是Reye综合症的情形，并非延迟治疗伤风、流感的后果，也可排除。 第3题 According to the passage, to combat the flu effectively,______. A one should identify the virus which causes it B one should consult a doctor as soon as possible C one should take medicine upon catching the disease D one should remain alert when the disease is spreading 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：2.0分 【答案解析】 题目问，为了有效地对付流感(to combat the flu effectively)，人们应当_____。找回第2段，有“guidelines on combating colds and the flu”，这里提到了流感和普通感冒的治疗办法。文章说，关键是迅速区分这两种疾病，因为对流感来说，一旦得了这种病(soon after the illness sets in)，病人就应该尽快服用专门治疗流感的处方药。这正是[C]的含义。注意选项[C]的用词“upon catching the disease”，定冠词表明患者已确诊得了流感而非感冒。(此题争议颇多；另一种说法是，因为病人不能区别流感和感冒，而且要服用的是处方药，所以，病人应该首先去看医生，从而选[B]。) 第4题 Which of the following symptoms will distinguish the flu from a cold? A A stuffy nose. B A high temperature. C A sore throat. D A dry cough. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：2.0分 【答案解析】 根据题干中的symptoms查找到第5段，第2句中的fever即s high temperature。 第5题 If children have flu-like symptoms, their parents______. A are advised not to give them aspirin B should watch out for signs of Reye syndrome C are encouraged to take them to hospital for vaccination D should prevent them from mixing with people running a fever 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：2.0分 【答案解析】 根据倒数第2段的第2句转折词However之后的信息“但是小孩子和青少年患者应避免服用阿司匹林止痛，因为那样有可能引发Reye综合症，这种肝部和中枢神经系统的并发症虽罕见但却非常危险”，可见[A]正确而[B]错误；[C]是预防flu的 措施 《全国民用建筑工程设计技术措施》规划•建筑•景观全国民用建筑工程设计技术措施》规划•建筑•景观软件质量保证措施下载工地伤害及预防措施下载关于贯彻落实的具体措施 ；文章最后说预防伤风的措施之一是远离患者，而不是有流感症状时避免孩子与发烧人群接触，故[D]错。 第6题 In a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents (答 问卷 关于教学调查问卷关于员工内部调查问卷员工内部调查问卷基药满意度调查问卷论文问卷调查格式 者) listed "to give children a good start academically" as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to function as a member of a group. The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents. In the recent comparison of Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools.Sixty-two percent of the more individually oriented (强调个性发展的) Americans listed group experience as one of their top three choices. An emphasis on the importance of the group seen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education. Like in America, there is diversity in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children's chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens. We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe______. A Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents B Japan's economic success is a result of its scientific achievements C Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction D Japan's higher education is superior to theirs 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：2.0分 【答案解析】 题目询问：根据第1段可知，许多美国人认为_____。查找原文有关“美国人的看法”的内容，在第2句中有“the answers．．．are not the ones Americans expected to find．”因此，下一句即是本题题眼：“In most Japanese preschools，surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction．”[C]正是这句话的同义表达：日本学前教育强调文化课程。正因为美国人原来有这样的想法，所以，这些answers才让美国人觉得很意外(surprisingly)。故答案为[C]尽管文中第1段最后一句提到日本的家长教小孩读书，但并没有对日、美两国家长的行为加以比较，故[A]不对。第一句话提到日本是一个学生学业成绩很好、经济获得成功的国家，但没有提到二者之间有因果关系，故[B]不对。第一句还提到美国孩子的学习成绩不好，相比之下，日本孩子学习成绩较好，但并没有涉及高等教育(higher education)的比较，故[D]也错误。 第7题 Most Americans surveyed believe that preschools should also attach importance to______. A problem solving B group experience C parental guidance D individually-oriented development 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：2.0分 【答案解析】 根据第2段第2句可知，“62%的美国人将group experience列入社会开展学前教育的三个首要原因之中”，因此选[B]。注意，原文有个插入语，说明美国人“more individually oriented”，这是一种相对程度的说法，与绝对含义上的[D]并不一致，所以不可选[D]原文没有提到[A]、[C]等内容。 第8题 In Japan's preschool education, the focus is on______. A preparing children academically B developing children's artistic interests C tapping children's potential D shaping children's character 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：2.0分 【答案解析】 根据第1段倒数第2句可知，“日本的学校并不教授阅读、写作和算术，而是教孩子们诸如毅力、注意力和团体合作能力等技巧”，这些都是在shaping children's character，故选[D]。 第9题 Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to______. A broaden children's horizon B cultivate children's creativity C lighten children's study load D enrich children's knowledge 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：2.0分 【答案解析】 根据题干中的free play查找到文章最后一句，称它在一些日本幼儿园中是作为“s way out for the heavy intellectualizing一种应对学业负担过重的方法”而引进的，所以选[C]o注意原文中的heavy与选项中load的对应。 第10题 Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens? A They can do better in their future studies. B They can accumulate more group experience there. C They can be individually oriented when they grow up. D They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education. 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：2.0分 【答案解析】 根据university based查找到文章倒数第二句话“大大增加将来考入重点学校和大学的几串”，即[D]。 第11题 Lead deposits, which accumulated in soil and snow during the 1960's and 70's, were primarily the result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the United States. In the twenty years that the Clean Air Act has mandated unleaded gas use in the United States, the lead accumulation worldwide has decreased significantly. A study published recently in the journal Nature shows that air-borne leaded gas emissions from the United States were the leading contributor to the high concentration of lead in the snow in Greenland. The new study is a result of the continued research led by Dr. Charles Boutron, an expert on the impact of heavy metals on the environment at the National Center for Scientific Research in France. A study by Dr. Boutron published in 1991 showed that lead levels in arctic (北极的) snow were declining. In his new study, Dr. Boutron found the ratios of the different forms of lead in the leaded gasoline used in the United States were different from the ratios of European, Asian and Canadian gasolines and thus enabled scientists to differentiate (区分) the lead sources. The dominant lead ratio found in Greenland snow matched that found ingasoline from the United States. In a study published in the journal Ambio, scientists found that lead levels in soil in the Northeastern United States had decreased markedly since the introduction of unleaded gasoline. Many scientists had believed that the lead would stay in soil and snow for a longer period. The authors of the Ambio study examined samples of the upper layers of soil taken from the same sites of 30 forest floors in New England, New York and Pennsylvania in 1980 and in 1990. The forest environment processed and redistributed the lead faster than the scientists had expected. Scientists say both studies demonstrate that certain parts of the ecosystem (生态系统) respond rapidly to reductions in atmospheric pollution, but that these findings should not be used as a license to pollute. The study published in the journal Nature indicates that ______. A the Clean Air Act has not produced the desired results B lead deposits in arctic snow are on the increase C lead will stay in soil and snow longer than expected D the US is the major source of lead pollution in arctic snow 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：2.0分 【答案解析】 根据题干中的journal Nature查找到第2段首句，[D]为其同义表达；[A]、[B]均与第1、2段尾句相悖。根据倒数第3段，许多科学家原以为土壤和雪中的铝将会残留更长的时间；他们没料到这些铅会这么快就被自然界吸收了，因此[C]不对。 第12题 Lead accumulation worldwide decreased significantly after the use of unleaded gas in the US ______. A was discouraged B was enforced by law C was prohibited by law D was introduced 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：2.0分 【答案解析】 根据第1段尾句，Clear Air Act是法案，mandate为“批准”，分别对应[B]中的law和enforce。注意，本题题于是问全世界(worldwide)的情形，因此不能依据第4段的内容选[D] [A]和[C]全然与文段内容不符，甚至相反。 第13题 How did scientists discover the source of lead pollution in Greenland? A By analyzing the data published in journals like Nature and Ambio. B By observing the lead accumulations in different parts of the arctic area. C By studying the chemical elements of soil and snow in Northeastern America. D By comparing the chemical compositions of leaded gasoline used in various countries. 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：2.0分 【答案解析】 根据Greenland查找到第3段，该段中提到了美国、加拿大和欧亚，首句中含有核心词leaded gasoline，而ratios of the different forms of lead对应[D]中的compositions，故[D]为该段的最佳概括。 第14题 The authors of the Ambio study have found that ______. A forests get rid of lead pollution faster than expected B lead accumulations in forests are more difficult to deal with C lead deposits are widely distributed in the forests of the US D the upper layers of soil in forests are easily polluted by lead emissions 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：2.0分 【答案解析】 根据Ambio查找到倒数第2段，尾句中的process“处理，清除”，对应[A]中的get rid of。 第15题 It can be inferred from the last paragraph that scientists ______. A are puzzled by the mystery of forest pollution B feel relieved by the use of unleaded gasoline C still consider lead pollution a problem D lack sufficient means to combat lead pollution 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：2.0分 【答案解析】 题目询问：从最后一段可以推断出，科学家们_____。原文说：“科学家们说，两项研究都表明，对于大气污染的减少，生态系统的某些部分迅速做出了反应，但这些发现不应当被用作污染的许可。”[A]“科学家们对森林污染之谜迷惑不解”。这与原文不一致；实际上，两项研究都已经得出了明确结论。[D]科学家们缺少治理铅污染的充分手段”。而原文已提到，只要减少大气污染，生态系统就可以做出反应，从而解决铅污染问题。[B]“科学家们因无铅汽油的使用而感到宽心了”。原文“but”后的内容是本段句子结构的重点所在，它表明在科学家看来，依然有人在污染大气，所以提出了“不可把研究结论作为污染的许可”的警告，科学家们并没有“feel relieved”。事实上，正确答案应当是[C]科学家们认为，铅污染依然是个问题”。 第16题 Exercise is one of the few factors with a positive role in long-term maintenance of body weight. Unfortunately, that message has not gotten through to the average American, who would rather try switching to "light" beer and low-calorie bread than increase physical exertion. The Centers for Disease Control, for example, found that fewer than one-fourth of overweight adults who were trying to shed pounds said they were combining exercise with their diet. In rejecting exercise, some people may be discouraged too much by caloric-expenditure charts: for example, one would have to briskly walk three miles just to work off the 275 calories in one delicious Danish pastry (小甜饼). Even exercise professionals concede half a point here. "Exercise by itself is a very tough way to lose weight," says York Onnen, program director of the President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports. Still, exercise's supporting role in weight reduction is vital. A study at the Boston University Medical Center of overweight police officers and other public employees confirmed that those who dieted without exercise regained almost all their old weight, while those who worked exercise into their daily routine maintained their new weight. If you have been sedentary (极少活动的) and decide to start walking one mile a day, the added exercise could bum an extra 100 calories daily. In a year's time, assuming no increase in food intake, you could lose ten pounds. By increasing the distance of your walks gradually and making other dietary adjustments, you may lose even more weight. What is said about the average American in the passage? A They tend to exaggerate the healthful effect of "light" beer. B They usually ignore the effect of exercise on losing weight. C They prefer "light" beer and low-calorie bread to other drinks and food. D They know the factors that play a positive role in keeping down body weight. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：2.0分 【答案解析】 根据文章首句可知exercise很重要，但第2句unfortunately话锋一转，告诉读者“这一点尚未被美国大众所接受”。根据主题句(一般为段首句，如本段；有时为尾句)与核心词(exercise)原则，选[B];[A]错在exaggerate，且同其他两个选项一样偏离主题。 第17题 Some people dislike exercise because ______. A they think it is physically exhausting B they find it hard to exercise while on a diet C they don't think it possible to walk 3 miles every day D they find consulting caloric-expenditure charts troublesome 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：2.0分 【答案解析】 根据第2段的例子与引语可知锻炼很累人，即[A]中的exhausting。文中将exercise与diet相提并论的信息是第3段尾句“那些一边节食一边锻炼的人则能够保持新的体重”，而并没有说这样做很难因此导致很多人不这样做，故[B]错；[C]、[D]明显为过细或不相干信息。 第18题 "Even exercise professionals concede half a point here" (Line 3, Para. 2) means "They ______." A agree that the calories in a small piece of pastry can be difficult to work off by exercise B partially believe diet plays a supporting role in weight reduction C are not fully convinced that dieting can help maintain one's new weight D are not sufficiently informed of the positive role of exercise in losing weight 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：2.0分 【答案解析】 题目询问“甚至连专门研究锻炼的专业人士也承认这有些道理”这句话的含义是什么。这句话的前文(第2段第1句)意思是：“一些人拒绝锻炼，因为他们看了能量消耗表可能就泄气了，比如，为了消耗掉一块美味的丹麦小甜饼所含的275卡热量，就得快速行走3英里。”这句话的含义是单靠锻炼减肥很困难。接着第2句说：“甚至连专门研究锻炼的专业人士也承认这有些道理。”表明专家们承认前面例句中的说法，故[A]“一块小甜饼的热量都难以靠运动消耗掉”正确。[C]意为“他们并不完全相信饮食有助于保持新的(减肥后的)体重”，与文意相反，而与引文则不相关。[D]“他们对锻炼在减肥中的积极作用没有完全明白”，这与文意不符。(本题引起争议的是[B]部分相信节食在减肥上起辅助作用”。文中提到，要减肥，既要锻炼又要节食，节食的“辅助作用”是得到完全确认的。故[B]错在"partially”。) 第19题 What was confirmed by the Boston University Medical Center's study? A Controlling one's calorie intake is more important than doing exercise. B Even occasional exercise can help reduce weight. C Weight reduction is impossible without exercise. D One could lose ten pounds in a year's time if there's no increase in food intake. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：2.0分 【答案解析】 只要依据题目中的专有名词查找到第3段，根据主题句和对比结构很容易做出正确判断。主题句中的vital与[C]中的“impossible without”为同义表达。[A]与原文信息相反；[B]错在occasional，第3段最后一句中的“daily routine”和第4段提到“每天步行一英里……一年后体重会减少10磅”都可以帮助排除[B]；[D]不是该研究中心证实的结果。 第20题 What is the author's purpose in writing this article? A To justify the study of the Boston University Medical Center. B To stress the importance of maintaining proper weight. C To support the statement made by York Onnen. D To show the most effective way to lose weight. 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：2.0分 【答案解析】 文章主要说明节食须与锻炼结合才能达到最好的瘦身效果，因此选[D]。从核心词角度考虑，也应选含有lose weight的选项。 五、Vocabulary and Structure（本大题30小题．每题0.5分，共15.0分。There are several incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. ） 第1题 The machine looked like a large,______, old-fashioned typewriter. A forceful B clumsy C intense D tricky 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]这台机器看起来像一台又大又笨的老式打字机。 [题解]形容词辨义：forceful“强有力的；坚强的”；intense“强烈的，剧烈的，紧张的；认真的，专注的；热情的，热切的”；clumsy“笨拙的”，与old-fashioned均属贬义词，且可以修饰机器类的东西，符合句意；tricky“狡猾的；机警的”。 第2题 Though she began her ______ by singing in a local pop group, she is now a famous Hollywood movie star. A employment B career C occupation D profession 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]尽管她以一个地方流行组合歌手的身份开始自己的职业生涯，但现在她已经是一位耀眼的好莱坞影星了。 [题解]近义名词辨析：employment指为生活而从事的受雇“工作、职业”，侧重“雇用”这个动作；career指受过专门训练而愿终生从事的“职业；生涯”，符合句意；occupation侧重职业的长期性，用于比较正式的场合(如填写表格)；profession以脑力劳动为主的知识性专门职业，特别是医学、法律、神学方面的“职业”。 第3题 Within two weeks of arrival, all foreigners had to ______ with the local police. A inquire B consult C register D resolve 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]所有的外国人必须在到达之后的两周内到当地警局注册。 [题解]动词辨义：inquire“打听，询问”；consult“交换意见，商议”；register“登记，注册”，符合句意；resolve“决定，决意”。 第4题 Considering your salary, you should be able to ______ at least twenty dollars a week. A put forward B put up C put out D put aside 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]就你的薪水而言，你应该能够做到每周至少存20美元。 [题解]短语辨义：put forward“提出”；put up“建造，搭起，支起；张贴；提高(价格、速度等)；为……提供食宿，投宿；进行(抵抗等)；提供，提出，提名”；put out“熄灭，关(灯)；出版，发布；伸出；生产”；put aside“储存，保留；把……放在一边，暂不考虑”，符合句意。 第5题 As he has ______ our patience, we'll not wait for him any longer. A torn B wasted C exhausted D consumed 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]他已将我们的耐心消磨殆尽，我们不会再等他了。 [题解]近义动词辨析：tear“撕，撕裂；夺走，撕掉”；waste“浪费”；exhaust“使精疲力尽；用光，花光，耗尽；详尽论述”，符合句意；consume“消耗，花费；吃完，喝光”。 第6题 These teachers try to be objective when they ______ the integrated ability of their students. A justify B evaluate C indicate D reckon 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]这些老师在评价学生们的综合能力时尽量做到客观。 [题解]动词辨义：justfy“证明……正当(或有理)，为……辩护”；evaluate“评估，评价”，符合句意；indicate“标示，指示，指出；表明，示意”；reckon“认为，估计；(on)指望，盼望；测算，测量”。 第7题 Mrs. Morris's daughter is pretty and ______, and many girls envy her. A slender B light C faint D minor 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]莫莉太太的女儿又漂亮又苗条，令许多女孩子羡慕。 [题解]形容词辨义：slender“苗条的，修长的”，符合句意；light“轻的”；faint“不清楚的，模糊的，隐约的；无力的，微弱的，微小的；眩晕的，行将昏厥的”；minor“较小的，较少的”。 第8题 Tomorrow the mayor is to ______ a group of Canadian businessmen on a tour of the city. A coordinate B cooperate C accompany D associate 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]明天市长将陪同一个加拿大商团参观市容。 [题解]形似动词辨义：coordinate“调节，协调”；cooperate(vi)“合作，协作，配合”；accompany“陪伴，陪同；伴随，和……一起发生；为……伴奏(或伴唱)”，符合句意；associate“(在思想上)把……联系在一起；使联合，结合，使有联系”。 第9题 I'm ______ enough to know it is going to be a very difficult situation to compete against three strong teams. A realistic B conscious C aware D radical 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]我非常实际地认识到与三支强队抗衡是极其困难的。 [题解]形容词辨义及搭配：realistic“现实的；实际可行的；现实主义的，逼真的”，be realistic enough to know sth．为固定搭配，意为“很实际地认识到”，符合“与三支强队抗衡极其困难”这一现实；conscious“意识到的，自觉的；神志清醒的；有意的，存心的”，即使偶尔与enough to know sth．搭配，意思也是“神志清醒地意识到”，不如[A]符合句意；aware“意识到的，知道的”，指通过感官的觉察或通过情报了解到外界的事物，所表达的是对外界的感受；radical“根本的，激进的”。 第10题 Can you give me even the ______ clue as to where her son might be? A simplest B slightest C least D utmost 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]你能给我一丁点的暗示，告诉我她的儿子可能在哪里吗? [题解]形容词辨义及搭配：simple“简单的”；slight“轻微的，不重要的；纤细的，瘦弱的”，常用最高级形式修饰 clue，idea，符合句意；least“最少的”；utmost“极度的，最大的”。 第11题 Norman Davis will be remembered by many with ______ not only as a great scholar but also as a most delightful and faithful friend. A kindness B friendliness C warmth D affection 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]许多人会满怀爱意地记住诺曼·戴维斯，他们不仅把他当作一位伟大的学者，而且还把他当作一个令人非常愉快的忠实朋友。 [题解]名词辨义：kindness“亲切，仁慈”；friendliness“友好”；warmth“温暖”；affection指对人或动物的“喜爱；感情；爱慕之情”，这种感情持久、温和、真诚，符合句意。 第12题 Salaries for ______ positions seem to be higher than for permanent ones. A legal B optional C voluntary D temporary 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]做临时性的工作拿到的工资好像比固定工作要高。 [题解]形容词辨义：legal“法律(上)的；合法的，法定的”；optional“可以任选的，非强制的”；voluntary“志愿的”； temporary“临时的，暂时的”，与后面的permanent形成对比，符合句意。 第13题 Most people agree that the present role of women has already affected U.S. society ______ it has affected the traditional role of men. A Above all B In all C At most D At last 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]大多数人赞同当今妇女的作用已经影响了美国社会这个观点，尤其是她们的作用已经对男人的传统角色产生了影响。 [题解]短语辨义：above all“尤其是，首先”，符合句意；in all“总共，合计”；at most“至多，不超过”；at last“终于”。 第14题 Science and technology have ______ in important ways to the improvement of agricultural production. A attached B assisted C contributed D witnessed 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]科学技术在许多方面对提高农业产量做出了重要的贡献。 [题解]动词辨义及搭配：attach“系，贴，连接；使依恋，使喜爱；认为有(重要性、责任等)；使附属”；assist“帮助，协助”；contribute“捐款，做出贡献；有助于，促成；投稿”，常与to搭配，符合句意；witness“目击；注意到”。 第15题 As an actor he could communicate a whole ______ of emotions. A frame B range C number D scale 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]作为一名演员，他能够表达出各种感情。 [题解]名词辨义及搭配：frame“框架”；range“一系列；幅度，范围”，强调变化幅度，此处指各种各样的感情变化，符合句意；a number of“若干，许多”，但当中不加whole，另外，此处也不强调emotions的数量；scale“大小，规模”。 第16题 This is what you should bear in mind: Don't ______ a salary increase before you actually get it. A hang on B draw on C wait on D count on 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]你应该记住：你真正获得加薪之前不要存什么指望。 [题解]动词短语辨义：hang on“坚持，抓紧；等待片刻，(打电话时)不挂断；有赖于，取决于”；draw on“吸，抽 (烟)；动用，利用“临近，接近”；wait on“服侍，伺候”；count on“依靠，指望”，符合句意。 第17题 The ship's generator broke down, and the pumps had to be operated ______ instead of mechanically. A artificially B automatically C manually D synthetically 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]轮船上的发电机坏了，只能用人工来代替机械操作水泵了。 [题解]副词辨义：artificially“人造地，人为地”；automatically“自动地”；manually“手工地”，与mechanically“机械地”形成对比，符合句意；synthetically“合成地”。此题2002年1月考过。 第18题 The little girl was so frightened that she just wouldn't ______ her grip on my ann. A loosen B remove C relieve D dismiss 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]这个小女孩吓坏了，怎么也不肯松开我的胳膊。 [题解]近义词辨析：loosen“放松，松开”，符合句意；remove“移开，挪走；脱下，摘下；去掉，除去，消除；把……免职，开除”；relieve“缓解，减轻，解除；使得到调剂；接替，替下”；dismiss“不再考虑，不接受；解雇，开除；遣散，解散；驳回，不受理”。 第19题 He never arrives on time and my ______ is that he feels the meetings are useless. A preference B conference C inference D reference 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]他从来不按时到达，因此我推断他认为这些会议毫无用处。 [题解]形似词辨义：preference“偏爱，喜爱，优先(权)；偏爱的事物(或人)”；conference“(正式)会议；讨论，商谈”； inference“推断结果，结论；推论，推理，推断”，符合句意；reference“提到，论及；参考，查阅；引文，参考书目；证明书(或人)，推荐信(或人)”。 第20题 Mrs. Smith was so ______ about everything that no servants could please her. A specific B special C precise D particular 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]史密斯太太对每件事都非常挑剔，没有任何一个佣人能称她的心。 [题解]形似词辨义及搭配：specific“特定的，特有的；明确的；具体的”；special“特别的，特殊的；专门的，特设的”； precise“精确的，准确的；严谨的”；particular与about搭配，表示“(过分)讲究的，挑剔的”，符合句意，其他意思还有“特定的，某一的；特殊的，特别的，特有的；详细的，详尽的”。 第21题 Last night he saw two dark ______ enter the building, and then there was the explosion. A features B figures C sketches D images 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]昨晚他看到两条黑影进入了大楼，接着就传来了爆炸声。 [题解]形似近义词辨析：feature“特征，特色；[pl.]面貌，相貌；特写，专题节目；故事片”；figure“(隐约可见的)人影”，符合句意，其他意思有“数字；人物，名人；[pi.]算术，计算；体型，风姿；轮廓；画像，肖像，塑像；(插)图，图形”；sketch“草图；梗概；素描，速写”；image“形象，声誉；印象；图像，映像；形象的描述，象征，比喻”。 第22题 It is obvious that this new rule is applicable to everyone without ______. A exception B exclusion C modification D substitution 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]很显然，这项新条例对每个人都毫无例外地适用。 [题解]形似词辨义及搭配：without exception“无一例外”，符合句意；exclusion“排斥，排他”；modification“修改，改正，变更”；substitution“代替，替代”。 第23题 His temper and personality show that he can become a soldier of the top______. A circle B rank C category D grade 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]他的脾气和个性说明他能够成为顶尖的士兵。 [题解]名词辨义：circle“圈子，界，阶层”；rank“军衔，职衔”，与soldier属于同一范畴词，符合句意；category“种类，类别”；grade“等级，级别”。 第24题 During the lecture, the speaker occasionally ______ his point by relating his own experiences. A illustrated B hinted C cited D displayed 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]在讲座中，演讲者不时地讲述他的亲身经历以阐明他的观点。 [题解]动词辨义：illustrate多指用图或例子“说明，阐明”，符合句意；hint“暗示”；cite“引用，引证；传唤，传讯；表彰，嘉奖”；display“陈列，展览；显示，表现”。 第25题 Only those who can ______ to lose their money should make high-risk investments. A maintain B sustain C endure D afford 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]只有那些能够承受损失资金的人才能够进行高风险投资。 [题解]近义动词辨析：maintain“维持，保持；维修，保养；坚持，主张；赡养，负担”；sustain“保持，使持续下去；供养，维持(生命等)；支持，支撑；经受，遭受”；endure“忍受，忍耐，耐住；持久，持续”；afford“担负得起”，af ford(to do)sth．“买得起某物，担负得起某种后果”，符合句意。 第26题 He found the ______ media attention intolerable and decided to go abroad. A sufficient B constant C steady D plenty 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]媒体对他的不断关注使他无法忍受，因此他决定出国。 [题解]近义词辨析：根据贬义词intolerable可判断选constant“不断的，连续发生的”，其他词均为褒义词：sufficient“足够的，充分的”；steady“平稳的；稳定的，持续的；稳重的，坚定的”；plenty(n．)“丰富，充足，大量”。 第27题 There has been a collision ______ a number of cars on the main road to town. A composing B consisting C involving D engaging 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]通向城里的主干道路上发生了追尾事件，许多汽车被卷入其中。 [题解]近义词辨析：compose(vt.)“组成，构成；创作(乐曲、诗歌等)，为……谱曲；使平静，使镇静”；consist(vi.)“(of)组成，构成；(in)在于，存在于”；involve“包含，含有；使参与，使卷入；牵涉”，符合句意；engage“吸引，占用 (时间、精力等)；使从事，使忙于；雇，聘；使订婚”。 第28题 ______ elephants are different from wild elephants in many aspects, including their tempers. A Cultivated B Regulated C Civil D Tame 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]驯养的大象在许多方面都与野生大象不同，包括它们的脾气。 [题解]形容词辨义：cultivated“有修养的，文雅的；已耕作的”；regulated的原形regulate意为“管理，控制；调整，调节”；civil“文明的，有教养的”；tame“驯服的，温顺的”，符合句意。 第29题 Ten days ago the young man informed his boss of his intention to ______. A resign B reject C retreat D replace 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]这个年轻人十天前通知他的老板他打算辞职。 [题解]形似词辨义：resign“辞职”，符合句意；reject“拒绝”；retreat“退却，撤退；规避；退缩”；replace“代替，取代；更换，调换；把……放回原处”。 第30题 As one of the world's highest paid models, she had her face ______ for five million dollars. A deposited B assured C measured D insured 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：0.5分 【答案解析】 [译文]跻身于世界上薪酬最高的名模之列的她为自己的脸蛋投了500万美元的保险。 [题解]近义词辨析：deposit“使沉淀，使沉积；存放，寄放；储蓄”；measure“测量；度量；衡量”；assure“使确信，使放心；确保，保证给”；insure“给……保险；保证，担保”，符合句意。 none、六（共Listening Comprehension（Section C）小题,10共分）10.0 第1题 There are a lot of good cameras available at the moment -- most of these are made in Japan but there are also good (1) _____ models from Germany and the USA. We have (2) _____ a range of different models to see which is the best (3) _____ for money. After a number of different tests and interviews with people who are (4) _____ with the different cameras being assessed, our researchers (5) _____ the Olympic BY model as the best auto-focus camera available at the moment. It costs $ 200 although you may well want to spend more -- (6) _____ as much as another $ 200 -- on buying (7) _____ lenses and other equipment. It is a good Japanese camera, easy to use. (8) _____ whereas the American versions are considerably more expensive. The Olympic BY model weighs only 320 grams which is quite a bit less than other cameras of a similar type. Indeed one of the other models we looked at weighed almost twice as much. (9)______. All the people we interviewed expressed almost total satisfaction with it. (10)______. 【正确答案】： 答案:quality 第2题 【正确答案】： 答案:investigated 第3题 【正确答案】： 答案:value 第4题 【正确答案】： 答案:familiar 第5题 【正确答案】： 答案:recommend 第6题 【正确答案】： 答案:perhaps 第7题 【正确答案】： 答案:additional 第8题 【正确答案】： 答案:Equivalent German models tend to be heavier and slightly less easy to use 第9题 【正确答案】： 答案:Similarly, it is smaller than most of its competitors, thus fitting easily into a pocket or handbag. 第10题 【正确答案】： 答案:The only problem was a slight awkwardness in loading the film. 跟多试卷请访问《做题室》www.zuotishi.com