TheKindnessofStrangers

TheKindnessofStrangersLesson12TextAByMikeMclntyreBackgroundinformation:Reader'sDigest ThetextisadaptedfromtheoriginalarticlebyMikeMclntyrewhichappearedinReader’sDigest. Reader'sDigestisamonthlygeneral-interestfamilymagazinefoundedin1922.ItissaidReader'sDigestisthebest-sellingconsumermagazineintheUSA,andthelargestpaidcirculationmagazineintheworld.Backgroundinformation:Reader'sDigest Reader'sDigestAuthenticreadingmaterialforyou!Onlinemagazine:http://www.rd.com/Backgroundinformation:GoldenGateBridge TheGoldenGateBridgeisasuspensionbridgespanningtheGoldenGateStrait,theopeningoftheSanFranciscoBayintothePacificOcean.ThesecondlongestsuspensionbridgeintheworldBackgroundinformation:CapeFear CapeFearisacapeatthemouthoftheFearRiverinsoutheasternNorthCarolina,wheregeographicallocationalwayscreatesstrongcurrentsandshiftingsandbars(河口沙洲，沙洲)aswellasfearsamongallnavigators.Theme Inspiteofthegeneralmoraldecay,peoplecouldstilldependonthekindnessofstrangersintheUnitedStates.backThemeWritingSkills Writingskills: Thestorydevelopsintheorderofthehappeningoftheeventsandthechangesofplaces.back Hitchhike这个词源于美国，最早出现在大约1923年， 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示（向过往的汽车或卡车里的陌生人）求得免费搭乘。hitch的本义是“系在一起”，特指临时性的动作，比如我们可以把马车套在马身上。hike表示步行或行军，特指精力蓬勃的远足。远足多数是为了游乐，但如果要走很远的路去某地的话，走路本身的疲劳会使人沮丧。因此，可能这种请求搭便车的行为在轮子发明后就多了起来。但直到二十世纪二十年代，hitchhike这种诙谐的说法才正式形成，表示通过将自己临时“系”在路过的车子上，以解除徒步旅行的“痛苦”。作为hitchhike的名词形式，hitchhiker除了表示“搭便车的人”外，还可指“插播的短篇广告”。Yesterday,IhitchhikedmywaytoasmallvillageseveralmilesawayfromLondon.昨天，我一路搭乘便车去离伦敦几英里外的一个小镇。（中国日报网站译） http://language.chinadaily.com.cn/words.shtml?from=21&id=2845backLanguagePointscomeupon/on(P1,L2) Inthemiddleofthedesert,Icameuponayoungmanstandingbytheroadside. meetorfindsb./sth.bychanceorbyaccident偶然遇见或发现某人/某事物:e.g. 我遇到一群孩子在街上玩耍。Icameuponagroupofchildrenplayinginthestreet.Cf.comeacross IcameacrossanoldschoolfriendinOxfordStreetthismorning.今天早上我在牛津大街碰见一位老校友。formalinneed Therewasatimeinthecountrywhenyou'dbeconsideredajerkifyoupassedbysomebodyinneed.(P1,L5) inneed:需要帮助的时候e.g. Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.(afriendwhohelpsyouwhenyoureallyneedhelpisatruefriend.) 这个项目急需资金。Thisprojectisinurgentneedoffunding. 他无家可归，急需帮助。 Heishomelessandindesperateneedofhelp.backJerk:n.Causetheteacher'sajerk,hemustthinkI'mafool.Youstupidjerk!You'vejustspilledbeeralldownmynewshirt!stupidperson混蛋,混球 Jerk:vt. Hejerkedthestringandthepuppetjumped.topullsuddenly,急拉,猛拉 Hejerkedouttheanswer. Toutterabruptlyorsharply Thecarjerkedtoastop. tojolt,tomoveinsuddenabruptmotionsbackaddict Nowyouareafoolforhelping.Withgangs,drugaddicts,murderers,rapists,thieveslurkingeverywhere,"Idon'twanttogetinvolved"hasbecomeanationalmotto.(P1,L5) addict:apersonwhocannotstopdoingorusingsomething,especiallysomethingharmful:嗜…成瘾的人e.g. She'saheroinaddict.她对海洛因上瘾。AddictGWordformation: addiction(n.):瘾 hisaddictiontogambling addictive(adj.):使人上瘾的 Tobaccoishighlyaddictive. beaddictedtosth.:对某事物有瘾 Iamaddictedtochocolate. 这个小孩沉迷于电脑游戏,无可救药. Thischildishopelesslyaddictedtocomputergames.comparedto“addition”lurk …thieveslurkingeverywhere…(P1,L6)1.beorstayhiddenwhenwaitingtoattack埋伏 Asuspicious-lookingmanwaslurkingintheshadows.潜伏在暗处的一个形迹可疑的人 危机四伏。Dangerlurksaroundeverycorner.2.(fig.)lingerwithoutbeingclearlyshown潜藏 Thisdoubthaslurkedinmymindforalongtime.这个疑问潜藏在我头脑中很长时间了。一个形迹可疑的人埋伏在暗处.每个角落都潜伏着危险.Pleasetranslate. Withgangs,drugaddicts,murderers,rapists,thieveslurkingeverywhere,"Idon'twanttogetinvolved"hasbecomeanationalmotto. Translate: 由于到处隐藏着帮派组织、瘾君子、杀人犯、强奸犯和小偷，“我不想惹麻烦”就成了民族箴言。 由于到处隐藏着帮派组织、瘾君子、杀人犯、强奸犯和小偷，“事不关己，高高挂起“成为全国上下的保身明哲。 Leavinghimstrandedinthedesertdidnotbothermesomuch.(P2,L1) Leavesb./sth.doing/done使某人、某事物保持某种状态e.g. Theyleftthefooduntouched. Neverleavethedoorunlocked. Sheseemedtohaveleftsomethingunsaid. Don’tleavehimwaitingintherain.stranded Leavinghimstrandedinthedesertdidnotbothermesomuch.(P2,L1)1.leftontheshoreandunabletoreturntothesea被搁浅的 ashipstrandedonasandbank搁浅在沙滩上的船2.leftindifficulties陷入困境的,束手无策的 strandedtourists受困无援的旅行者accelerate Opposite???decelerate 加快经济发展的政策 apolicythatacceleratestheeconomicdevelopmentbackPleaseparaphrase… Onewaytotestthiswouldbeforapersontojourneyfromcoasttocoastwithoutanymoney,relyingsolelyonthegoodwillofhisfellowAmericans.(P3,L3) Paraphrase: Onemethodtoknowtheansweristotakeacross-countryjourneywithoutspendinganymoney,toseeifthestrangersonroadarewillingtohelp.shelter(para.3) Whowouldfeedhim,shelterhim,carryhimdowntheroad? (v.)sheltersb./sth.(fromsb/sth):protectsb./sth.(fromsb./sth.)保护，给…提供庇护处 shelteranescapedprisoner窝藏逃犯 Isourcountry’sindustryshelteredfromforeigncompetition?我国的工业在与外国竞争时是否有足够保障? Thisinstitutesheltershundredsofthehomeless.这间会所庇护了几百个无家可归的人。我国的工业在面对国外竞争时是否有保障/难民急需食物、衣物和栖身之所。下暴雨时避免在树下躲雨。shelter (n.)conditionofbeingprotected;refuge庇护，收容所e.g. Don’ttake/seekshelterundertreesinthestorm.暴风雨天气不要在树下避雨。 Therefugeesareinurgentneedoffood,clothing,andshelters.这些难民急需食物、衣服和避难所。Intriguev./in‵tri:g/(para.4) Theideaintriguedme.(P4)(v.)/in‵tri:g/1.(vt.)intriguesb.(withsth.):arousesb’sinterestorcuriosity激起某人的兴趣或好奇心 他的话引起了我的好奇心。Whathesaidintriguedme. Heintriguedthechildwithanexcitingstory.他讲了一个吸引人的故事，激起了那个孩子的兴趣。2.(vi.)intrigue(withsb.)(againstsb.):makeandcarryoutsecretplansorplotstodosth.bad搞阴谋诡计 Shewasintriguingwithhersisteragainsthermother.她和妹妹串通捣鬼跟母亲作对。intrigueintrigueWordformation: (adj.)intriguing:饶有兴味的（尤指因稀奇） 我喜欢这篇侦探小说。它很引人入胜。Ilovethisdetectivestory.Itissointriguing. (n.)intrigue/‵intri:g/ (themakingof)asecretplantodosomethingbad:阴谋,密谋,诡计 政治阴谋 阴谋家politicalintrigueamasterofintriguesalmighty Itwouldbeacashlessjourneythroughthelandofthealmightydollar.(P5,L3)almighty:havingallpower;powerfulbeyondmeasure全能的;有无限权力的 AlmightyGod 全能的上帝 theAlmighty →God Paraphrase: ItwouldbeanunbelievablejourneythatcostsnomoneyinthecountrywheremoneyhasasmuchpowerasGod.conquer MyfinaldestinationwouldbeCapeFearinNorthCarolina,asymbolofallthefearsI'dhavetoconquerduringthetrip.(P5,L5)(fig.比喻)overcome(anobstacle,emotion,etc.)克服（障碍﹑情绪等）: Themountainwasnotconquereduntil1953.1953年以前,从未有人能攀登到这座山的山顶。 Smallpoxhasfinallybeenconquered.天花终於遏制住了。 你必须克服驾驶车辆的恐惧心理。Youmustconqueryourfearofdriving.i.e.successfullyclimbedconquer2.defeat(anenemy,arival,etc)击败（敌人﹑对手等）: Englandconqueredtheirmainrivalsinthefirstroundofthecompetition.英格兰队在第一轮比赛中就击败了主要对手。3.takepossessionof(sth.)byforce以武力占领,征服（某事物） TheNormansconqueredEnglandin1066.诺曼人于1066年征服了英国。4.(fig比喻)gaintheadmiration,love,etc.of(sb./sth.)赢得（某人/某事物）的赞誉﹑爱慕等: Shehasconqueredtheheartsofmanymen.她已使许多男子倾心。warn AsItraveled,folkswerealwayswarningmeaboutsomeplaceelse.(P7,L2)1)warnsb.aboutsth. Thepolicehavewarnedshopkeepersabouttheforgedbanknotes.警方已通知各店主留意伪钞。2)warn(sb.)ofsth. Thepolicearewarning(motorists)ofpossibledelays.警方通知（驾驶汽车的人）交通可能受阻。3)warnsb.against(doing)sth. Hewarnedusagainstpickpockets.他告诉我们要小心扒手。 Thedoctorwarnedusagainstovertiringthepatient.医生让我们注意病人不可过劳.提醒；预先通知；警告；警惕；提防watchoutfor InMontanatheytoldmetowatchoutforthecowboysinWyoming.(P7,L3) watchoutforsb./sth. bealertsothatonenoticessb./sth.;lookoutforsb./sth.警惕或注意某人/某事物: 已经要求职员留意伪钞。 Thestaffwereaskedtowatchoutforforgedbanknotes.treat YetIwastreatedwithkindnesseverywhereIwent.(P7,L5)treatsb.withrespect/contempt/courtesyetc. Despiteherseniority,Margotwasnevertreatedwithmuchrespect. ~sb./oneself(tosth.):givesb./oneselfsth.enjoyable,eg.specialfoodorentertainment以某事物（如食物或娱乐）款待某人或使自己获得享受: Shetreatedeachofthechildrentoanice-cream. 她请孩子每人吃个冰激凌。 WeweretreatedtotheunusualsightofthePrimeMinistersingingonTV. 我们有幸目睹首相上电视一展歌喉的难得场面。treattreatsb.likedirt/adog(infml)treatsb.withnorespectatall视某人如草芥: Theytreattheirworkerslikedirt.他们把工人看得粪土不如。mytreat(n.)(spoken)usedtotellsomeonethatyouwillpayforsomethingsuchasamealforthem Let'sgoouttolunch-mytreat.Pleaseparaphrase… …whenitseemedtoruncontrarytotheirownbestinterests(P7,L8) …whenitseemedtobeinawaythatisoppositetotheirbestbenefits. …whenitseemedtobeexactlywhattheyshouldnothavedonefortheirowngood.pull OnedayinNebraskaacarpulledtotheroadshoulder.(P8,L1) (causeavehicleto)movesideways;veerorsteer(sth.)（使机动车）打斜;使（某物）转向;操纵（某物）: Thecarseemstobepullingtotheleft.那汽车似乎在向左偏。 Shepulledthevantothelefttoavoidadog.她把客货车向左一闪以免轧着狗。roadsidepullHehadtopullupattheredlight.(tomakethecarcometoahalt)Thepolicemanorderedhimtopullover.（tostophiscaratthesideoftheroad)Avehicle______pullsawayfromtheroadside.pullsinatasmallstore.pullsintothestationat7:00a.m.pullsouttoovertakecarsahead.pullsovertothegrassshoulder.pullsupinfrontoftheschool.pullaway:vt./vi.(把…)开走,离开pullin:vi.停下，靠岸，到达，进站pullinto:vt.到达，驶入，驶向pullout:vi.离去，开出，驶出pullover:vt./vi.(把…)驶向路边／岸边.pullup:vt./vi.(使…)停下dress WhenIreachedthewindow,IsawtwolittleoldladiesdressedintheirSundayfinest.(P8,L3)(be)dressedinsth.wearingsth.穿某物: 新娘穿一身白色的礼服。 Thebridewasdressedinwhite.(be)dressed(up)tokill (infml.)bedressedsoastoattractattentionandadmiration,esp.fromtheoppositesex 穿着引人注目（尤指吸引异性）muttondressed(up)aslamb (infml.derog.)olderpersondressedinastylesuitableforayoungerperson 作年轻打扮的老年人;老来俏Pleaseparaphrase… OncewhenIwashitchhikingunsuccessfullyintherain,atruckerpulledover,lockinghisbrakessohardheskiddedonthegrassshoulder.(P9,L1) Itwasrainingonedayandtherewasnocarstoppingtotakemeforaride.Thenatruckstoppedsosuddenlythatitslippedontotheroadsidegrass.Thedrivertoldmehewasoncerobbedatknifepointbyahitchhiker.Underthreatofbeingstabbedorcutwithaknife:在枪口下AtgunpointAtriflepoint人质被持枪挟持三十六小时。Thehostagewaskeptatgunpointfor36hours.backPleaseparaphrase… Thosewhohadtheleasttogiveoftengavethemost.(P10,L3) Thepoorestpeopleoftentendtobethemostreadytohelpothersandthemostgeneroustosharewhattheyown.determined ButTimwasdeterminedthatIhaveit,andfinallyIagreedtotakeit.(P10,L8) determined(adj.)~(todosth.) withone'smindfirmlymadeup;resolute有决心的;意志坚定的;坚决的: adeterminedfighter,look,attitude坚定的战士﹑神情﹑态度 我决心要努力获得成功。I'mdeterminedtosucceed.determine determine(v.)~on/uponsth./todosth. decidefirmlythatsth.willbedone;makeupone'smindaboutsth.;resolve决定做某事;对某事下定决心;决心: Wedeterminedonanearlystart.Wedeterminedthatwe'dmakeanearlystart. determineonproving/toprovesb'sinnocence决心要证实某人无辜 他们已决定在何处建校。Theyhavedeterminedwherethenewschoolwillbebuilt. 他决定学希腊语。HedeterminedtolearnGreek.asamatterofcourse ButwhatIfoundmosttouchingwasthefactthattheyalldiditasamatterofcourse.(P11,L2) asamatterofcourse: asaneventorresultthatisnaturalorinevitable当作理所当然的事e.g. 我外出时锁门是理所当然的事。 WhenIgotoutofthehouse,Ilockthedoorasamatterofcourse.asamatterofcourseasamatteroffactasamatterofconvenienceasamatterofroutine实际上，事实上为了方便起见作为例行公事，按常规matter-of-course(adj.)e.g.amatter-of-courseattitude理所当然的态度Pleaseparaphraseandtranslate… ButwhatIfoundmosttouchingwasthefactthattheyalldiditasamatterofcourse. Paraphrase: Butthethingthatmostimpressedmewasthattheytookhelpingothersforgrantedandonlydiditoutoftheirnaturalreactionwithoutexpectinganyrewardorpraise. Translate: 但是我发现最令我感动的是他们做这件事时都认为是理所当然的。executive Pronunciation?? C.E.O??ChiefExecutiveOfficer Definitionof“executive”(adj.)??concernedwithmakingandcarryingoutdecisions,esp.inbusiness;havingthepowertocarryoutgovernmentdecisionsandlawsexecutive可译作“执行”,例如：ExecutiveSecretaryExecutiveChairman,PresidingChairmanExecutiveDirectorback执行秘书,行政秘书执行主席总裁,行政董事，常务经理Nowwe’retalking. Nowwe’retalking.(P12,L5)or Nowyou’retalking.(Thisisusedtosaythatyouthinksomeone’ssuggestionisagoodidea.) --Isuggestwefirstgetahamburgerandthenabigice-cream.--Nowyou'retalking!Let’sgo! --Let’scallitaday.Wecan’tworkallday.--Nowyou'retalking!informalTellyouwhat. Tellyouwhat.(P12,L6) (ThisiswhatIthink.) --Iwon’tbeabletocomebackhomeuntil7.ButIhavetopickupmysonat5:30. --Tellyouwhat.I’llpickupyoursonandtakehimtomyplace. Tellyouwhat,ifyoubuynowI'llgiveyouanadditional20%offthesalesprice.mountainstay-at-homepeople Baxterexplainedthatlocalfolkswere“mountainstay-at-homepeople”whorarelyentertainedintheirhouse.(P13,L4)hide-and-seekforget-me-notjack-in-the-boxget-rich-quickwait-and-see快速致富的观望的山区居家人revelation Thisrevelationmademynightthereallthemorespecial.(P13,L5) 1)sth.thatisrevealed,esp.sth.surprising 被揭露的事,暴露出来的事（尤指出人意料者） e.g. Heresignedafterrevelationsabouthisaffair. 他在外遇暴露后辞职了。 startlingrevelationsabouthisbackground 有关他背景的惊人揭露revelation2)somethingthatisrevealedbyGodtohumans上帝对人类的启示e.g. divinerevelationoftruth上帝对真理的启示 TheBookofRevelationisthelastbookoftheNewTestament.《启示录》是《圣经·新约》的最后一卷。allthe+… Thisrevelationmademynightthereallthemorespecial.(P13,L5) allthe+形容词或副词的比较级，用来强调和加强语气，表示“更加，愈”。 e.g.allthebetter/easier/moreetc. (usedtoemphasizehowmuchbetter,easier etc.somethingismorethanitwouldbeinadifferentsituation)allthe+… We'llhavetoworkalltheharderwithtwomembersofstaffawayill.有两个职员因病缺勤,我们只好加把劲儿了。 有了适当的工具，这份工作就更简单了。Thejobwasmadealltheeasierbyhavingthepropertools.schedule Iagreed,andbeforelonghadbeenscheduledtotalktoeveryclassintheschool.(P14,L2) schedule(v.)(esp.passive)~sth.(forsth.)includesth.inaschedule;arrangesth.foracertaintime将某事列入进度表;为某事安排时间: Thesaleisscheduledfortomorrow.大减价定於明日举行。 她定于今晚演讲。Sheisscheduledtogiveaspeechtonight.runover Didanybodytrytorunyouover?(P14,L5) runoversb.;runsb.over:runsb.over(ofavehicleoritsdriver)knocksb.downandpassover(apartof)hisbody(指车辆或驾驶人)撞倒某人并轧过其身体(之一部分): Twochildrenwererunoverbyalorryandkilled.有两个孩子被一辆卡车轧死了。runoverOtherusages: runoversth.:readthroughsth.quickly;reviseorrehearsesth.快速阅读某物;温习或演习某事物 Ialwaysrunovermylinesbeforegoingonstage.我登台演出前总要温习一下台词。 Sheranoverhernotesbeforegivingthelecture.她讲课前把讲稿匆匆看了一遍。runover runover:(ofacontaineroritscontents)overflow（指容器或所盛之物）溢出: Thebath/Thebathwaterisrunningover.浴缸/浴缸的水溢出来了。 runoverwithsth.:showalotof(energy,enthusiasm,etc);overflowwithsth.充满（活力﹑热情等）;洋溢: She'srunningoverwithhealthandvitality.她非常健康,充满活力。Pleaseparaphrase… AlthoughIdidn’tplanthisway,IdiscoveredthatapatriotictoneranthroughthetalksIgavethatafternoon.(P15,L1) Ididn’tplantogiveapatrioticspeechthatafternoon.Butmyprideformycountryandmypeopleflowedoutnaturallyinmyspeech.一个形迹可疑的人埋伏在暗处.每个角落都潜伏着危险.我国的工业在面对国外竞争时是否有保障/难民急需食物、衣物和栖身之所。下暴雨时避免在树下躲雨。