2018年第一学期虹口区高三英语一模试卷+答案

高三英语本卷共11页第1页虹口区2017学年度第一学期期终教学质量监控测试高三英语试卷2017.12考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。3.答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。第I卷(共100分)I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.2:02.B.2:20.C.2:50.D.2:32.2.A.Motherandchild.B.Managerandcustomer.C.Teacherandstudent.D.Bossandclerk.3.A.Atahairdresser’s.B.Atthedentist’s.C.Atafashionshow.D.Atthetailor’s.4.A.Themanlosthisway.B.Themanwaslockedintheroom.C.Hecouldn’topenthedoor.D.Hedidn’twanttoentertheroom.5.A.Sheisworkingatanewspaper.B.Sheusedtochangeherjobquiteoften.C.Sheoftenhaslunchwithhersupervisor.D.Shewantshersupervisor’scommentsonherwork.6.A.Theman’sglassesareuptodate.B.Themanshouldwearhisglassesinclass.C.Themanshouldhavechangedhisglasses.D.Themanshouldn’tsitatthebackoftheclassroom.7.A.Takethebuswithhim.B.Drivehimhomefromthestation.C.Callhimthisevening.D.Drivehimtothestation.8.A.Whereheisstudying.B.Whatsubjectheisstudying.C.Howlonghehasbeenabroad.D.Whenheisreturning.高三英语本卷共11页第2页9.A.Shewantstobuyanewcomputer.B.Shewantstoknowmoreaboutcomputers.C.Sheisunwillingtolistentotheman.D.Shebelieveswhatthemanistalkingabout.10.A.Becauseshehasn’tshownup.B.Becauseshedrivestooslowly.C.Becausesheisveryrudetohim.D.Becausesheisalwaysinarush.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Alaboratoryassistant.B.Adoctor.C.Ateacherofalaboratory.D.Aprofessorinthehospital.12.A.Hewillbepunishedseverely.B.Hewillbedroppedfromtheclass.C.Hecanmakeuptheclasses.D.Hewillbeallowedtoremainifhehasagoodexcuse.13.A.Itshouldbecut.B.Itmustbefastenedtightlyback.C.Itshouldbereportedasanaccident.D.Thelonghairwearerwillbeaskedtoleavetheclass.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Inthe1870s.B.In1926.C.By1940.D.By1817.15.A.Hewantedtocutbackproductioncosts.B.Hewantedtheworkingpeopletoearnmoremoney.C.HethoughttheAmericans’lifeshouldbeorganizedinabetterway.D.Hethoughtthefive-dayworkweekwasgoodfortheeconomy.16.A.Peopledrinkalotofalcohol.B.Nightmoviessellmoretickets.C.TVshowsmorefilmsofmurderandlove.D.Peopledothingswithemotionandpurposeatnight.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Thedesignofthecourses.B.Thechoiceofthecourses.C.Theregistrationofthecourses.D.Theevaluationofthecourses.18.A.Mathematics.B.ModernHistory.C.Chemistry.D.InternationalTrade.高三英语本卷共11页第3页19.A.Godirectlytotheclasses.B.Askotherstudentsforhelp.C.SpeaktoProfessorAnderson.D.Gototheregistrationofficefirst.20.A.Toregisteratleastoneselectivecourseeveryterm.B.Toregisterforatleastonecourseeachyear.C.Toregisterforthecoursesbeforethedeadline.D.Tochoosenomorethantwocourseseveryterm.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.HowtodealwithWhiners（抱怨不停的人）?Therearealwayssomepeopleradiatingnegativityintheworkplace.Forthem,thetemperatureisneverright,thebossisalwaysafool,thecanteenfoodisawful,andthey(21)______(treat)unfairly.Careerexpertssaysuchhabitualcomplainersarehighlycontagious(会蔓延的),(22)______attitudecaneasilyaffectanentireteaminacompany.“Whilesomecomplaintsmightbereasonable,(23)______aretakenfromthinair.Youneedtoseebetweenthesedifferenttypesandadopttherightstrategytowardseach,”saidLiMing,HRmanageratWal-Mart(China).Itisespeciallyhardtodealwithcomplaintsatwork(24)______youcan’tjustwalkawayorputyourcolleagues’wordsoutofmind.Ifyoudo,itwillhurtyourco-workersandyoumightbeisolated.Inateam-basedcompanyyoubelongtoagroupandneedtobehaveaccordingly.Butdon’tshowtoomuchsympathy.Listeningpassivelytoothers’complaintscoulddamageyourimageandgiveotherstheimpression(25)______youagreewiththem.“Listentothewhinersactively,”saidHRLi.“Helpthemfindasolution,orsee(26)______therearewaystoimprovethesituation.”ZhaiMin,24,asoftwareengineeratKingdeeInternationalSoftwareGroupinShenzhen,foundthat3elderlyworkerslikedtocomplainabouteverything,from(27)______(extend)workinghourstocheaphotelsonbusinesstrips.“Iletthemtalkabouttheiropinions,”shesaid,“Theyfeelbetterwhen(28)______(tell)someonehowtheywantthingstobe.”Butlisteningactivelyisfarfromenough.WangDianxue,27,isanInternetengineeratBeijingPushMarcomGroup.Hisco-workersalwayscomplainthattheircomputersystemsarenotworkingproperly.“Iaskaboutthespecificsandworktogetherwiththem(29)______(fix)everythingtechnically.”hesaid.HRmanagersbelievethatwhenstaffscomplain,itismoreamatterofrecognitionthananactualproblem.“Therealproblemisthatthewhinersdon’tfeeltheyarebeingtakenseriously,”saidXuJun,HRmanageratGuangqiHondaAutomobileCo.,Ltd.“(30)______(give)themadviceorperspectivesattentivelyandtheproblemwillusuallydisappear.”SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.高三英语本卷共11页第4页A.defenseB.avoidC.believingD.mistakeE.requiredF.criticalG.cheatingH.ashamedI.identifyJ.confirmK.similarWeareeachresponsibleforourowndecisions,evenifthedecision-makingprocesshasbeencutdownbystressorpeerpressure.Therealtestofcharacteriswhetherwecanlearnfromour31,byunderstandingwhyweactedaswedid,andthenexploringwaystoavoid32problemsinthefuture.Makingethical（伦理的）decisionsisa(n)33partofavoidingfutureproblems.Wemustlearntorecognizerisks,becauseifwecan’tseetheriskswe’retaking,wecan’tmakeresponsiblechoices.To34risks,weneedtoknowtherulesandbeawareofthefacts.Forexample,onewhodoesn’tknowtherulesaboutplagiarism(剽窃)mayaccidentallyusewordsorideaswithoutgivingpropercreditoronewhofailstokeepcarefulresearchnotesmayunintentionallyfailtoquoteandcitesourcesas35.Butthefactthatsuchaviolationis“unintentional”doesnotexcusethemisconduct.Ignoranceisnota36.Mostpeoplewhogetintroubledoknowtherulesandfacts,butmanagetofoolthemselvesabouttherisksthey’retakingbyusingexcuses:“Everyoneelsedoesit,”“I’mnothurtinganyone,”or“Ireallyneedthisgrade.”Excusescangetverycomplex:“IknowI’mlookingatanother’sexam,eventhoughI’msupposedtokeepmyeyesonmyownpaper,butthat’snot37becauseI’mjustcheckingmyanswers,notcopying.”Wemustbehonestaboutouractions,and38excuses.Ifwefoolourselvesinto39we’renotdoinganythingwrong,wecan’tseetherealchoicewe’remaking--andthatleadstobaddecisions.Toavoidfoolingyourself,watchoutforexcusesandtrythistest:Askhowyouwouldfeelifyouractionswerepublic,andanyonecouldbewatchingoveryourshoulder.Wouldyoufeelproudor40ofyouractions?Ifyou’dratherhideyouractions,that’sagoodindicationthatyou’retakingariskandrationalizingittoyourself.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.MigrantworkersInthepasttwentyyears,therehasbeenanincreasingtendencyforworkerstomovefromonecountrytoanother.Whilesomenewlyindependentcountrieshave41mostjobstolocalpeople,othershaveattractedandwelcomedmigrantworkers.Thisisparticularlythe42intheMiddleEast,whereincreasedoilincomeshaveenabledmanycountriesto43outsiderstoimprovelocalfacilities.ThustheMiddleEasthasattractedoil-workersfromtheUSAandEurope.Ithasbroughtinconstructionworkersandtechniciansfrommanycountries,includingSouthKoreaandJapan.Inviewofthe44livingandworkingconditionsintheMiddleEast,surprisingitisnotthatthepayishightoattractsuitableworkers.ManyengineersandtechnicianscanearnatleasttwiceasmuchmoneyintheMiddleEastastheycanintheirowncountry,andthisisa45attraction.Anallied(联合的)benefitisthelow46oracompletelackofit.This47theamountofpayreceivedby高三英语本卷共11页第5页visitingworkersandisverypopularwiththem.Sometimesadisadvantagehasacompensating(补偿的)advantage.48,thedifficultlivingconditionsoftenleadtoincreasedfriendshipwhenworkershavetodependoneachotherforsafetyandcomfort.49,manymigrantworkerscansavelargesumofmoneypartlybecauseofthelackofentertainmentfacilities.Theworkisoftencomplexandfullofproblemsbutthismerelypresentsgreater50toengineerswhoprefertofindsolutionstoproblemsratherthando51workintheirhomecountry.OnemajorproblemwhichaffectsmigrantworkersintheMiddleEastisthattheirjobsare52ones.Theyarenearlyalwaysoncontract,soitisnoteasyforthemtoplanaheadwithgreatconfidence.Thisistobe53sincenocountrywelcomesalargenumberofforeignworkersaspermanentresidents.Inanycase,migrantworkersacceptthis54,alongwithothers,becauseofthe55financialbenefitswhichtheyreceive.41.A.presentedB.devotedC.adaptedD.restricted42.A.styleB.evidenceC.caseD.hint43.A.callinB.bringupC.turndownD.helpout44.A.excellentB.difficultC.fairD.stable45.A.casualB.familiarC.majorD.final46.A.consumptionB.pressureC.competitionD.taxation47.A.occupiesB.increasesC.blocksD.protects48.A.ForexampleB.InparticularC.BycomparisonD.Inotherwords49.A.ThereforeB.LikewiseC.ConsequentlyD.However50.A.agreementB.outcomeC.predictionD.challenge51.A.skillfulB.vividC.routineD.potential52.A.temporaryB.ordinaryC.voluntaryD.revolutionary53.A.claimedB.criticizedC.consideredD.expected54.A.sacrificeB.reminderC.disadvantageD.appreciation55.A.limitedB.considerableC.reasonableD.potentialSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Forty-threeyearsago,amantooka“smallstep”onthemoonandbroughtmankinda“giantleap”forward.Asthefirstpersontowalkonthemoon,AmericanastronautNeilArmstrongisamanwhosenamewillberememberedforgenerationstocome.Butbeingthefirstisnevereasy.Withsomanyunknownsaboutspaceatthattime,ArmstronghimselfwassurprisedthatApollo11actuallyworked.Hethoughtheandhispartnershadonlya50percentchance高三英语本卷共11页第6页ofasuccessfullandingbackin1969.Itwastoughindeed.Whenthemodule(登月舱)wasapproachingthemoon’ssurface,thecomputerwantedtorestthemonasteepslopecoveredwithrocks,butArmstrongrealizeditwasanunsafeplacetostop.Asalastminutedecision,hesafelylandedthemodulebyhimself.Whentheyfinallytouchedtheground,“therewassomethinglike20secondsoffuelleft,”hesaidinaninterviewearlierthisyear.Unfortunately,somepeopledoubtedhisvisittothemoon,sayingitwasfaked.ButArmstrongrespondedwithachuckle(轻声笑),saying:“ItwasneveraconcerntomebecauseIknewoneday,somebodywasgoingtogoflybackupthereandpickupthatcameraIleft.”Forallhisglobalfame,NeilArmstrongisaremarkablymodestman.Herarelygaveinterviewsanddidn’tliketalkingabouthisachievement.Hestoppedgivinghissignatureswhenhefoundthatpeoplesoldthemforthousandsofdollars.“Iguessweallliketoberecognizednotforonepieceoffireworksbutfortheledger(记账簿)ofourdailywork,”ArmstrongsaidinaCBSinterviewin2005.Whenaskedhowhefeltknowinghisfootprintswouldbelikelytostayonthemoon’ssurfaceforthousandsofyears,hesaid:“Ikindofhopethatsomebodygoesupthereoneofthesedaysandcleansthemup.”Armstrongpassedawaylastmonthattheageof82,buthewillberemembered.“Thenexttimeyouwalkoutsideonaclearnightandseethemoonsmilingdownatyou,thinkofNeilArmstrongandgivehimawink(眨眼示意),”hisfamilysaidtoReuters.56.Itcanbeinferredfromthearticlethatbeforehisexpeditiontothemoon,Armstrong__________.A.wascertainthatApollo11wouldworkwellB.believedthemodulewouldlandsafelyonthemoonC.hadpreparedhimselftofacepossiblefailureD.plannedtolandthemoduleonthemoonbyhimself57.HowdidArmstrongrespondwhenpeopledoubtedthathehadbeentothemoon?A.Hewasangry.B.Hewastroubledbyit.C.Hetriedtofindevidencethattheywerewrong.D.Hebelievedtheywouldbeprovedwrongsomeday.58.Bysaying“Iguessweallliketoberecognizednotforonepieceoffireworksbutfortheledgerofourdailywork”,Armstrongmeantthat__________.A.themoredailyworkyou’vedone,themoreeasilyyouwillberecognizedB.thingsthatlookspectaculararenotasusefulasordinarysuccessesC.achievinggreatnesscanmakeothersuccessesfeellessimportantD.everyday’shardworkismoreappreciatedthanonesuccessfulmoment59.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesArmstrong?A.Hewasambitious.B.Hetriedtoavoidthespotlight.C.Hebalancedhislifeandworkwell.D.Hewastalkativeandlovedtellingjokes.高三英语本卷共11页第7页(B)Youmayreadthequestionsfirst.IndianHeroesandGreatChieftainsThebookmainlypresentsuswiththeAmericanIndianleadersofthepast.ItfeaturesmanyprofilesandbiographiesincludingSittingBull,RedCloud,LittleCrowandLozenQuanahetc.writtenbyauthorCharlesEastman,andI’msureyouwillbeinterestedinit.Name:SittingBullBirth:1831Death:12-15-1890HewasagreatheroandisrespectedbymanyAmericanIndians.Ina1997documentary(纪录片)—TheGreatTribes,hewasknownasaholyman,acomposerofsongsandanartist.Underhim,theSiouxandCheyenneNationsunified.HewasadvisedtogoonaEuropeantourin1887,butheturneditdowntodefendthesetwonationsfrombeingseparatedagain.HeledhispeopleduringyearsofresistancetoUnitedStatesgovernmentpoliciesandwaskilledbyIndianagencypoliceontheStandingRockIndianReservation.Name:CrazyHorseBirth:1842Death:9-5-1877CrazyHorsewasalegendarywarrior（勇士）andagentleleaderaswellasabravemanwhostoodforthehighestidealoftheSioux,celebratedforhisbattleskillsaswellashiseffortstopreserveNativeAmericantraditionsandwayoflife.ResistingeffortstoforcetheSiouxontoreservations,hefoughtalongsideSittingBullandothersintheAmerican-IndianWars.CharlesEastmandescribedhiminhisbookIndianHeroesas“amanofdeedsandnotofwords”.Name:RedCloudBirth:1822Death:12-10-1909HewasagainstthemovementofthewhitesettlersintotheBlackHills.In1868,herefusedtosignatreaty(条约),whichstatedthattheBlackHillsdidn’tbelongtopeople.Thetreatyalsostatedthattheseareascouldn’tbeenteredwithoutthegovernment’spermission.AccordingtoEastman’sbookIndianHeroes,hewassaidtohavefoughtagainstthetreaty,forcingthegovernmenttogiveinandpulloutofthearea.高三英语本卷共11页第8页60.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutCrazyHorse?A.Hewasfriendlytohissoldier.B.Heshowedgreatcourage.C.Hewasagreattalker.D.Hewasrespected.61.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat__________.A.SittingBulldislikedtravelingB.IndianHeroeswasabookonIndianhistoryC.inthe1880sIndiansoldiersweremainlyarmedwithbowsandarrowsD.inthe1850sIndianwomenwerenotallowedtoridehorses62.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto__________.A.showIndians’livestoreadersB.describegreatIndianheroesandheroinesC.showthehistoryoftheIndiansD.commentonahistorybook(C)CrudeawakeningAbattlebetweentwoenergyexchanges[1]OPEN-OUTCRYtradingissupposedtobeanodd,outdatedpractice,rapidlybeingreplacedbysleeker,cheaperelectronicsystems.TrytellingthattotheNewYorkMercantileExchange(NYMEX),theworld’slargestcommoditiesexchange.OnNovember1sttheNYMEXopenedanopen-outcrypit(公开叫价交易厅）inDublintohandleBrentcrudefutures（布伦特原油期货）,thebenchmark（基准）contractforpricingtwo-thirdsoftheworld’soil.[2]TheNYMEXistryingtograbliquidityfromLondon’sInternationalPetroleumExchange(IPE),whichtradesthemostBrentcontracts;theNewYorkexchangehassofarconcentratedonWestTexasIntermediate,anAmericanbenchmarkgrade.ThenewpitisaresponsetotheIPE’seffortstomodernise.OnthesamedayasNYMEXtradersstartedshoutingBrentpricesinDublin,theIPEdidawaywithitsmorningopen-outcrysession:nowsuchtradesmustbeelectronic,ordoneinthepitafterlunch.Name:LozenQuanahBirth:late1840sDeath:1890KnownastheyoungestsisterofRedCloud,shedevotedherselftothepeople.ShewasdescribedinPeterAleshire’sWarriorWomanasaheroinegoodatridinghorsesandusingabowandarrowtodriveattackersaway.Thisskillwasconsideredtobe“oneofthemosthonoredskillsamongtheIndians”.高三英语本卷共11页第9页[3]TheNewYorkexchangeclaimsthatcustomers,suchashedgefunds(对冲基金)orenergycompanies,preferopen-outcrybecauseitallowsformoreliquidity.Althoughmostotherexchangesareheadingintheoppositedirection,incommoditymarketssuchastheNYMEX,pressurefrom“locals”--self-employedtraders--ishelpingtosupportopen-outcry,althoughsomethinkthatcustomerspayuptofivetimesasmuchaswithelectronicsystems.EventheIPEhasnoplanstocloseitsfloor.Onlylastmonthitsignedarentalagreement,lastinguntil2017,foritstradingfloorinLondon.[4]Dublin’snewpitis“showingpromise”,saysRobLaughlin,atraderwithManFinancial,despiteafewtechnicalglitches.Onitsfirstdayithandled5,726lotsofBrent(eachlot,orcontract,is1,000barrels),overathirdofthevolumeintheIPE’snewmorningelectronicsession.Bytheyear’send,predictsMrLaughlin,itshouldbeclearwhethertheventurewillbefeasible.ItwouldstandabetterchanceifitmovedtoLondon.Itmayyet:itstartedinIrelandbecauseregulatoryapprovalcouldbeobtainedfastertherethaninBritain.[5]Inthelongrunhavingbothexchangesofferingsimilarcontractswillbeunsustainable(不可持续的).Stealingliquidityfromanestablishedmarketleader,astheNYMEXistryingtodo,isahardtask.Eurex,Europe’slargestfuturesexchange,setupshopinChicagothisyear,intendingtograbAmericanTreasury-bondcontractsfromtheChicagoBoardofTrade.Ithasmadelittleprogress.AndtheNYMEXhastriedtogetBrentcontractsbefore,withoutsuccess.[6]Giventheimportanceofliquidityinexchanges,whydotheIPEandtheNYMEXnotworktogether?Therehavebeentalksaboutcooperationbefore,andsomethingmightyethappen.SomesaythatthefreewheelingNYMEXandthemoreseriousIPEcouldnevermix.Fornow,inanycase,thetwoexchangeswillcompeteuntilonehaswon--acrosstheIrishSeaaswellasacrosstheAtlantic.63.Accordingtothetext,theNYMEXandIPEare__________.A.bothusingopenoutcrytradingasamajortradingformB.partnersthatbenefiteachotherintheirbusinessactivitiesC.rivalsthatarecompetingintheoiltradingmarketD.bothtakingeffortstomodernizetheirtradingpractice64.Theword“glitches”inLine2,Paragraph4mostprobablymeans__________.A.backwardnessB.disappointmentsC.engineersD.problems65.FromParagraph4wecaninferthat__________.A.tradingvolumeintheIPE’snewmorningelectronicsessionisfallingB.LondonisabetterbusinesslocationforenergyexchangesthanDublinC.Britain’sregulatorsarelessefficientthanthoseofIrelandD.theDublinpitoftheNYMEXwillbemoreprosperousnextyear高三英语本卷共11页第10页66.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthetextthat__________.A.it’sveryunlikelythattheNYMEXandtheIPEcouldcombinetheirbusinessesB.theNYMEXwillfailinIrelandasmanyprecedentshaveshownC.thetwoenergyexchangeswillfigureoutawaytocooperatewitheachotherD.themarketenvironmentforbothenergyexchangesisgettingbetterSectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Peoplevolunteermainlyoutofacademicrequirements.B.Peoplemustbesensitivetothispossibilitywhentheymakevolunteeractivitiesamust.C.Itwasassumedthatthosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.D.Individualdifferencesaremostlikelytomotivatevolunteerstocontinuetheirwork.E.Althoughthisresultmaynotsurpriseyou,itleadstoimportantpracticaladvice.F.Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivatepeopletogetinvolved.Supposeyoubecomealeaderinanorganization.It’sverylikelythatyou’llwanttohavevolunteerstohelpwiththeorganization’sactivities.Todoso,itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertakevolunteerworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.Let’sbeginwiththequestionofwhypeoplevolunteer.67Forexample,peoplevolunteertoexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness,toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences,andtostrengthensocialrelationships.Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeettheseneeds,peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.Toselectvolunteers,youmayneedtounderstandthemotivationsofthepeopleyouwishtoattract.Peoplealsovolunteerbecausetheyarerequiredtodoso.Toincreaselevelsofcommunityservice,someschoolshavelaunchedcompulsory(义务的)volunteerprograms.Unfortunately,theseprogramscanshiftpeople’swishofparticipationfromaninternalfactor(e.g.,“Ivolunteerbecauseit’simportanttome”)toanexternalfactor(e.g.,“IvolunteerbecauseI’mrequiredtodoso”).Whenthathappens,peoplebecomelesslikelytovolunteerinthefuture.68Oncepeoplebegintovolunteer,whatleadsthemtoremainintheirpositionsovertime?Toanswerthisquestion,researchershaveconductedfollow-upstudiesinwhichtheytrackvolunteersovertime.Forinstance,onestudyfollowed238volunteersinFloridaoverayear.Oneofthemostimportantfactorsthatinfluencedtheirsatisfactionasvolunteerswastheamountofsufferingtheyexperiencedintheirvolunteerpositions.69Theresearchersnotethatattentionshouldbegivento“trainingmethodsthatwouldpreparevolunteersfortroublesomesituationsorprovidethemwithstrategiesforcopingwiththeproblemtheydoexperience”.高三英语本卷共11页第11页Anotherstudyof302volunteersathospitalsinChicagofocusedonindividualdifferencesinthedegreetowhichpeopleview“volunteer”asanimportantsocialrole.70Participantsindicatedthedegreetowhichthesocialrolematteredbyrespondingtostatementssuchas“VolunteeringinHospitalisanimportantpartofwhoIam.”Consistentwiththeresearchers’expectations,theyfoundapositiverelationshipbetweenthestrengthofroleidentityandthelengthoftimepeoplecontinuedtovolunteer.Theseresults,onceagain,leadtodefiniteadvice:“Onceanindividualbeginsvolunteering,continuedeffortsmightfocusondevelopingavolunteerroleidentity....ItemslikeT-shirtsthatallowvolunteerstoberecognizedpubliclyfortheircontributionscanhelpstrengthenroleidentity”.IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.WildernessTherapyWhenmostpeopleheartheterm“psychotherapy”,theypicturetraditionaltalktherapy–someonesittingonacouchorchairtalkingabouttheirtroublingthoughtsandfeelingswithapsychologistorothermentalhealthprofessional.However,talktherapyisn’ttheonlytypeofpsychotherapyusedtohelpindividualsstrugglingwithdepression,anxiety,andawholehostofotherchallengingdisorders,emotionalstruggles,andothertypesofproblems.Inreality,therapytakesplaceinallkindsofsettings.Oneofthemiswildernesstherapy.Whenthecampsiteissetupandthefireislit,thedoctorisin.Wildernesstherapyisasuccessful,andsometimescontroversial(有争议的)waytohelptroubledyouthbyteachinglifeandsocialskillsonthehikingtrail.Intensivegrouptherapyandone-on-onesessionsarecoupledwithoutdooractivitieslikemountainclimbingandfly-fishingtoteachself-relianceandresponsibility.Programspromisetoreformeventhemostwayward(任性的)ofoffenders,includingteenswithdepression,angermanagementissues,oreatingdisorders.Whilewildernesstherapycanbeeffective,certainmethodshavecomeunderfireforusingunethical,andsometimesabusive(施虐的)techniquestohelpstrugglingyouth.Wildernessprogramsarelooselyregulated,sonotallprogramsarestaffedbyqualifiedprofessionals.Uponcloserexamination,some“therapy”groupsseemedtobejustmilitary-stylebootcampswithlittlementalhealthbenefit.Evenlegalwildernesstherapygroupshavebeencriticizedforpartneringwithteenescort(陪同)companiestoforciblyremoveunwillingparticipantsfromtheirhomestoattendtheprogram.Whilecontroversyandriskexist,wildernesstherapymightbeacreativewaytoteachlifeskillswhenothermethodshavefailed.（请将 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 写在答题纸上）高三英语本卷共11页第12页第II卷（共40分）I.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1.熬夜大大影响健康。(affect)2.等他明年回来，这个体育馆就建好了。(bythetime)3.从长远来看，你的知识面越广，就越有能力应付工作中的问题。(capable)4.据信，过分溺爱孩子会不知不觉地造成孩子的坏脾气，甚至缺乏自理能力。(It)II.GuidedWritingDirections:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假如你是李华，你的美国朋友（Stephen）来信说，要在圣诞节期间来沪旅游。他在网上选中了三个景点：外滩、豫园和东方明珠。他来信征求你的意见。请你根据自身经验，建议他舍弃其中的一个景点（要说明放弃理由）；并推荐一个新的景点供他参考（说明推荐理由）。注意：作文中不得出现你本人的姓名、班级等真实信息。（请将答案写在答题纸上）高三英语本卷共11页第13页虹口区2017学年度一模卷高三英语试卷听力 材料 关于××同志的政审材料调查表环保先进个人材料国家普通话测试材料农民专业合作社注销四查四问剖析材料 及参考答案I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.M:Thebushasn’tcomeyet.It’shalfanhourlate.W:Yes,itshouldhavebeenhereat2:02asscheduled.Q:Whattimeisitnow?2.M:I’msorrytocomplainaboutthemilk.WhenIopeneditathome,itsmelledterrible.W:Oh,I’msadtohearthat.I’llhandleitrightaway.Q:What’sthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?3.M:Doyouwantthesamecutaslasttime?W:Thesameontop,butI’dlikeitalittlelongerovertheearsandintheback.Q:Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?4.W:Whydon’tyouentertheroom?M:Itriedallthekeysinthelock,butitwon’topen.Q:Whathashappenedtotheman?5.M:Howareyougettingalongwithyournewjobhere?W:Well,I’musedtolotsofnewthings,butIwishthesupervisorwouldgivememorefeedback.Q:Whichistrueaboutthewoman?6.M:Youknow,whenIsitattheendoftheclassroom,Ican’tseetheboardclearly.W:Well,you’vebeenwearingthesameglassesaslongasIknowyou.It’stimeforanewpair.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?7.W:Wouldyoulikemetodriveyoutothestation?M:No,I’lltakethebus.Butcanyoupickmeupthisevening?Q:Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?8.M:Mybrotherhasbeenstudyingabroad.W:Really?Whichcountryishestudyingin?Q:Whatdoesthewomanwanttoknowabouttheman’sbrother?9.M:Goodmorning,madam.I’dliketotakeafewminutesofyourtimetoshowyouhowmuchbetteryourlifewillbewiththehelpofournewestPC.W:Now?Unlessitcanhelpwashmyclothes.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?10.M:ThisisthethirdtimewehavehadtowaitforAnne.It’ssorudeofhertomakeusallwaitintherush高三英语本卷共11页第14页hour.W:Don’tbeangrywithher.Shedoeshavetodrive15milesintherushhourtogethere.Q:WhyisthemanangrywithAnne?SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Goodmorning,everyone,IamProfessorSmith,andIamyourlaboratoryinstructor.Thisclassisintendedasanecessarypartofthecourse,whichDr.Jameswillbeinchargeof.Thisclasswillmeettwiceaweekinthislaboratory.Itbeginsatnine.Iexpectyoutobeontime.Idonotintendtowaitforlatecomersorrepeatwhathasalreadybeencoveredifyoumisstheexplanation.Donotarrivelateandinterruptyourneighbor;youmayaswellnotcomeifyoucan’tbeontime.Attendanceisequallyimportant.Ifyoumissthreelabclasses,yournamewillbemovedawayfromtheclasslistI’mafraid,noexcuses.Youcan’tcompletethecoursewithoutcompletinglabclass.Safetyiskeyhere.Itisveryimportanttokeepthingsneatandclean,dressproperly,andbecareful.Youmaynoteat,drinkorsmokeinthelaboratoryandyoushouldalwayscleanthetabletopandwashyourhandsbeforeandaftertheclass.Longhairmustbetiedup.Largeclothingmustnotbeworn.And,finally,anylaboratoryaccidentmustbereportedimmediately.Ihopeyou’llenjoythelaboratory.It’sawonderfulplacebutalltheseinstructionsaretobestrictlyfollowed.Wewillbegintodaybylearningaboutthemicrophone.(Nowlistenagain,please.)Questions：11.Whoisthespeaker?12.Whatwillhappenifastudentmissesthreeclasses?13.Whatshouldbedoneiflonghairisworn?Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theideaoftheweekendisarecentinvention.Inthe1870swealthypeoplebegantospeakofspendingweekendsinthecountryvisitingfriends.Formostpeople,however,theworkdaywassixdayslong.ItendedataboutnoonorlateronSaturday.AutomobilemakerHenryFordwasthefirstmajoremployerintheUnitedStatestoestablishaworkweekoffivedays.Hedidthatin1926.HenryFordthoughtthatiftheworkingpeoplehadmorefreetimetheywouldspendmoremoneyanditwassomethinggoodfortheeconomy.By1940ithadbecomecommonformostAmericanstowork8hoursaday,5daysaweek.TodaythelivesofmostAmericansareorganizedthatway:5daysofworkorschoolfollowedby2daysofrest.FormanypeopleSaturdaynightisthehighpointoftheweekendandtheweek.Itisthenightforgoingoutor高三英语本卷共11页第15页havingfun.AnythingandeverythingcanhappenonSaturdaynight.Peoplegodancing,visitingfriendsandhavingparties.Theydrinktoomuchalcohol.Theygetkilledorkillotherpeople.Theysleep,watchtelevision,andsometimesfallinlove.Peopledothesethingsonothernightsoftheweektoo,buttheydothemmoreoftenandwithmoreemotionandpurposeonSaturdaynight.OnSaturdaynightmovietheatressellmoretickets.Itisalsothebiggestnightforplacesthatsellalcoholicdrinks.ThatisonereasonwhySaturdaynightseesmostmurders,fightsanddeadlycaraccidents.(Nowlistenagain,please.)Questions：14.Whendidpeoplebegintohavetheideaoftheweekend?15.WhydidHenryFordestablishaworkweekoffivedays?16.Whydomurders,fightsandcaraccidentsoccurmostlyonSaturdaynights?Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.M:HeyJoy,Iforgottoregisterforthecourses.I’monedaylate,andmostoftheclassesarefull.Youknow,everybodyissupposedtoregisteratleastoneselectivecourseeveryschooltermtograduate.WhatdoyouthinkIshoulddo?W:Pooryou,Jack!Youcan’tdoanythingaboutthat.I’mreallysorryforyou.M:Well,Doyouthinkgoingtotheregistrationofficewillhelpnow?W:No,theywilltellyouthesamething,perhapsinaworseway.M:Bytheway,didyouregisteryet?W:Ofcourse,I’veregisteredthreecoursesyesterday.Anditwasn’teasyformetoregisterforInternationalTrade.It’ssopopularthesedays.M:Whatclassesdoyouthinkarestillopentoday?W:MaybeModernHistory,andChemistry.Itwassaidthesetwocourseswerenotthatpopularlastyear.M:Goodinformation.Ididn’tknowthat.Althoughthosetwocoursesarenotmyfavourites,it’sreallyahelpfulsuggestion.W:Anyway,thatcouldbeachoice.M:OK,Iknowwhattodo.Oh,well...Whatdoyouthinkaboutmathematics?Iwanttotakethatclassthisschoolterm.W:Thatwillbegood,too.Itookthatclasslastyear.ProfessorAndersonisreallycool!Ifyougotohisoffice,youcanhavehimwriteacardthatwillletyouin,eveniftheclassisfull.M:Hedoesthat?Great!I’llgoandtrymyluck.W:Iguessthat’sbecausesomepeopledropoutofhisclass.M:Thatmakessense.IthinkI’lldothat.W:AndIthinkyoucanalsodirectlygoandasksomeotherteacherswhoseclassesyoulikebetterinsteadoftheregistrationoffice.M:Yes,whynot.Thanksforallthehelp.高三英语本卷共11页第16页W:You’rewelcome.(Nowlistenagain,please.)Questions:17.Whatdoesthisconversationmainlytalkabout?18.Whatcoursedidthewomanchooseaccordingtotheconversation?19.Whatdoyouthinkwillthemandoinordertotakemathematics?20.Whatmustastudentdoinordertograduateaccordingtotheconversation?参考答案听力部分：1-5DBACD6-10CBACA11-13CBB14-16ADA17-20CDCA语法：21.aretreated22.whose23.others24.because(since,as)25.that26.whether(if)27.extended28.telling29.tofix30.Give词汇:31.D32.K33.F34.I35.E36.A37.G38.B39.C40.H完形填空：41-45DCABC46-50DBABD51-55CADCB阅读理解：56-59:CDDB60-62:CCB63-66:CDBA选句填空：67-70:FBEC概要写作：Wildnesstherapyisakindofpsychotherapy,whichisasuccessfulonewithargument.Itisaimedtoreformyouthsintroublebyhavingthemgetinvolvedinoutdooractivities.Itiscriticized/blamedforsomeofitsmethods,lackofprofessionalstaffandnotbeingmentallybeneficial.However,itisacreativewaytoequipyouthswithlifeandsocialskills.(60ws)翻译：1.Stayinguplateaffectsone’shealthgreatly.2.Bythetimehecomesbacknextyear,thestadiumwillhavebeensetup.3.Inthelongrun,thewiderrangeofknowledgeyouhave,themorecapableyouareofdealingwiththeproblemsatwork.4.Itisbelievedthatspoilingchildrentoomuchmayunconsciouslycausetheirbadtemper,eventhelackofabilitytotakecareofthemselves.作文：（略） 第I卷(共100分)