专四语法重点题*than 连词than引导比较状语从句,有时省去部分谓语,保留了主语和助动词,此时助动词可以移到主语前。如: Johndrivesmuchmorecarefullythandoeshisfather.(=thanhisfatherdrives) 连词than引导比较状语从句,常省去主语,保留谓语部分,这种结构多见于正式文体中。如: Don’teatmorethanisgoodforyou.*倍数的
表
关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf
达 倍数+形容词(或副词)的比较级+than 倍数+as+形容词或副词(或many/much)+as 倍数+thesize(length,height…)of 倍数+more+名词(可数,不可数)+than 倍数+asmany(或much)+名词+as*as asmuchas“达到与……一样的程度” notsomuch…as“与其说……不如说……” suchasto“到如此程度以致……” no/notanymore…than… “两者一样都不……” no/notanyless…than… “两者一样都……”*Notmorethan&nomorethan JohnisnotbetterthanTom. JohnisnobetterthanTom. 约翰不比汤姆好。 两人一样坏。(=asbadas)* No+adj./adv.+than:表示的是该形容词或副词的反义。 Noricherthan=aspooras Nobiggerthan=assmallas Nolaterthan=asearlyas* Ihavenottakenmorethansixcoursesthissemester.(不多于) Ihavetakennomorethansixcoursesthissemester.(只选了六门,表示少的意思) Difference: *awhaleisnomoreafishthanahorseis. 鲸和马同样不是鱼。(鲸不是鱼,如同马不是鱼一样。)*AistoBwhatCistoD Wateristofishwhatairistoman.* nomorethan=only“仅” notmorethan=atmost“至多” no/notanymore…than…=neither..nor..两者一样都不……,和…一样不…… notmore…than=less…than“不如” nolessthan =asmuch/manyas“多达” notlessthan=atleast“至少” no/notanyless…than…=as…as “两者一样都……”,“与……一样” notless…than=more…than“比……更”*合成不定代词的习惯用语 somethingof若干、多少、有些 anythingbut并不,根本不 nothingbut只不过,只有 somethinglike有点像 orsomething类似Mr.Smithisanengineerorsomething.Sheisnothingbutadancer.Hewasanythingbutpleasedwhenheheardthis.*nooneVS.none noone只能指人,none可用于指人或物。 noone=nobody,语气比none强,后面不接of构成的短语;none通常与of连用作主语 noone作主语时,谓语动词用单数;none后接不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数;后接复数名词作主语时,谓语动词单复数均可。Noonewasintheclassroom.Noneofthemoneyonthedeskismine.Noneofusspeaks/speakJapanese.* 用于简短回答时,none用来回答howmany或howmuch问句;noone或nobody用来回答who问句;而nothing则用来回答what问句;–Howmanyfishdidyoucatch? –None.–Howmuchwateristhereinthebottle?–None.–Whowillgototheparty? –Noone./Nobody.–What’sinyourhand? –Nothing.*one,theone,thatthat只能代替事物,不能代替人;one既可代替人也可代替事物。one代替前面出现的名词表示不确指;that,theone代替前面出现的名词,指代谈话双方都知道的事物,即“特指”。that不能有前置修饰语,但须有后置修饰语;one一般可有前置修饰语,也可有后置修饰语。*one,theone都只能指代前面出现的单数可数名词,复数可数名词则用ones,theones;that既可指代单数可数名词,也可指代不可数名词。that代替前面提到的事物,必须是这一名词在第二次出现时有后置修饰语;如果前面提到的是复数名词,则用those来代替。*I’mlookingforahouse.I’dreallylikeonewithagarden.(指代不确定的单数可数名词)Thesweaterhewearstodayisdifferentfromthat/theoneheworeyesterday.(当指代的是谈话双方都确知的事物,而且该名词是有后置修饰语的单数可数名词时,that=theone)Mary’shandwritingisfarbetterthanthatofPeter.(指代不可数名词)Thebikestheymadethisyeararebetterthanthose/theonestheymadelastyear.(当指代的是谈话双方都确知的事物,而且该名词是有后置修饰语的复数可数名词时,those=theones)*morethan,otherthan,ratherthan Theyenrolledmorethan500newstudents. Ican’tdootherthanobey. Thisisratherforfathertodecidethanforyou. Ratherthanallowthevegetablestogobad,hesoldthemathalfprice.morethan常用在数词前,表示“超过…”、“…多”otherthan“除…之外”ratherthan连接两个平行结构,表示“是…而不是…”、“与其…宁愿…”*定冠词(the)的用法 Manistheonlyanimalthatcantalk. Sheistheprettierofthetwo. Theyarepaidbythemonth. Hegrabbedmebythearmandpulledmeontothebus. Thericharenotalwayshappierthanthepoor. Thebeautifullivesforever.*Why“the”? the+最高级/序数词/only/same+名词 the+比较级+ofthetwo bythe+计量单位(“按;以……计”) the+身体部位(表示身体某部位接受外来的动作) the+形容词=复数普通名词/抽象名词*表示“排除”的介词 besides=inadditionto except=but=otherthan exceptfor表示不同项目类别的对比和限制 Youcompositionisgoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes. Themoviewasgoodexceptfortheending.*表示“排除”的介词 exceptthat后接从句,“除…之外” Iknownothingabouthiscareerexceptthatheisagraduateofthisschool. apartfrom=asidefrom(AmE) 有时=besides,有时=except(for) 另外,butfor“若不是,要不是”,一般使用虚拟语气,与“排除”无关*重点搭配 tosb’sadvantage对某人有利 findfaultwithsb. 挑某人的刺,找某人的碴儿 putemphasison把重点放在 compensationfor 对于……的补偿* beparticularabout 对……挑剔,过分讲究 bepopularwith受……欢迎 inthelightof 根据、按照 withtheexceptionof 除……以外 byvirtueof 由于、依靠 regardlessof 不管、不顾*在汉语中可数,但在英语中为不可数名词的某些词 advice,baggage(luggage),damage,equipment,furniture,homework,information,news...*不可数名词的量化表示 修饰可数名词复数:many,agood/greatmany,agood/great/largenumberof 修饰不可数名词:much,agreatdealof,alargeamountof 两者都可修饰:alotof,lotsof,plentyof,agreat/largequantityof,quantitiesof,alargesumof*