泛读教程unit 4 work(课堂PPT)

Unit4WhyPeopleWorkii授课：XXLead-inWhydopeoplework,apartfromearningaliving?授课：XXLead-inFamousSayings:Workisthegrandcureforallthemaladiesandmiseriesthateverbesetmankind.(ThoasCarlyle,Britishhistorian)工作是良药，能医治一切困扰人的疾苦。(英国历史学家卡莱尔.T.)2.Workbanishesthosethreegreatevils:boredom,vice,andpoverty.(Voltaire,FrenchPhilosopher)工作撵跑三个魔鬼：无聊，堕落和贫穷。(法国哲学家伏尔泰)3.ToyouthIhavethreewordsofcounsel---work,workandwork.(OttoBtismarck,Gremanstatesman)对于青年，我的忠告只有三个词——工作，工作，工作。(德国政治家俾斯麦.O.)授课：XXLead-in4.Idonotlikework---nomandoes--butIlikewhatisinthework-----thechancetofindyourself.(ConradJoseph,Britishnovelist)我不喜欢工作——没有人会喜欢工作。但是我喜欢在所从事的工作中——找到发现自己的机会。(英国小说家约瑟夫.C.)5.Oneofthesymptomsofapproachingnervousbreakdownisthebeliefthatone's.workisterriblyimportant,andthattotakeaholidaywouldbringallkindsofdisaster,IfIwereamedicalman,Ishouldprecribeaholidaytomanypatientwhoconsiceredhisworkimportant.(BernardRussell,Britishphilosopher)神经即将崩溃的症状之一是相信自己的工作极端重要，休假将会带来种种灾难。如果我是医生，我给这样的病人开的药方是：休假。(英国哲学家罗素.B.)6.Todogreatworkamanmustbeveryidleaswellasveryindustrious.(SamuelBubler,Americaneducator)要从事伟大的工作，一个人必须既非常勤劳又非常空闲。(美国教育家勃特勒.S.)授课：XXLead-in授课：XXWordpretest1.Therewasasmileofcontentmentontheteacher'sfacewhenhesawthestudents'performanceinthespeechcontest.A.Irony---theexpressionofone'smeaningbyusinglanguagethatnormallysignifiestheopposite,typicallyforhumorousoremphaticeffect反话，讽刺B.confusion---uncertaintyaboutwhatishappening,intended,orrequired不确定；疑惑C.satisfaction---fulfilmentofone'swishes,expectations,orneeds,orthepleasurederivedfromthis满意，满足contentment---noun. astateofhappinessandsatisfaction满意；满足授课：XXWordpretest2.Hegraduallyaccumulatedalargenumberofbooks.A.collected---adjective. (ofaperson)notperturbedordistracted（人）镇静的；泰然自若的B.appreciated---appreciable  [əˈpriːʃəb(ə)l] adjective. largeorimportantenoughtobenoticed大得（或重要得）可察觉到的，相当可观的C.wroteAccumulated---gathertogetheroracquireanincreasingnumberorquantityof聚集；积累授课：XXWordpretest3.Manyphilosophersspendmuchoftheirtimeincontemplation.A.debating---debate:argueabout(asubject),especiallyinaformalmanner争论，讨论B.thinkingC.writingContemplation---noun. theactionoflookingthoughtfullyatsomethingforalongtime注视，凝视授课：XXWordpretest4.Anursehasmanydutiestofulfillincaringforthesick.A.provide---verb. makeavailableforuse;supply提供，供应；供给B.carryout--- Ifyou carryout athreat,task,orinstruction,youdoitoractaccordingtoit.实行C.develop---verb. groworcausetogrowandbecomemoremature,advanced,orelaborate（使）成长，发育；发展Fulfill---verb. bringtocompletionorreality;achieveorrealize(somethingdesired,promised,orpredicted)完成，使应验；实现（愿望，诺言，预言）授课：XXWordpretest5.Therewasnocompulsiononhimtogowithher.Hecouldstayathomeifheliked.A.requirementB.suggestionC.force---noun. strengthorenergyasanattributeofphysicalactionormovement力，力量compulsion---noun. theactionorstateofforcingorbeingforcedtodosomething;constraint（被）强迫，（被）强制授课：XXWordpretest6.Hehasbeenexertingpressureonmetochangemymind.A.puttingB.addingC.lifting--v. raisetoahigherpositionorlevel抬起，举起Exert---verb. applyorbringtobear(aforce,influence,orquality)运用（力）；施加（影响）；发挥（品质）E.g.themoonexertsaforceontheEarth月球对地球施加作用力exertinginfluenceoverthenextgeneration对下一代施加影响授课：XXWordpretest7.Thetiredoldmancravedforwaterandsleep.A.desiredB.askedC.begged---beg:verb. asksomeoneearnestlyorhumblyforsomething恳求某人给予…Crave---verb. feelapowerfuldesirefor(something)渴望；热望授课：XXWordpretest8.Eachpersonhashisuniquefingerprints.A.interestingB.onlyC.specialUnique----adjective. beingtheonlyoneofitskind;unlikeanythingelse独一无二的；独特的授课：XXWordpretest9.Doyouthinkthatthesehigher-than-averagetemperaturesareattributabletoglobalwarming?A.responsibleforB.relatedtoC.causedbyAttribute---verb. regardsomethingasbeingcausedby把…归因于；把…归咎于E.g.heattributedthefirm'ssuccesstotheeffortsofthemanagingdirector他把公司的成就归功于总经理的努力授课：XXWordpretest10.Vitaminsshouldnotbeusedasasubstituteforahealthydiet.A.medicine---B.ingredient---noun. anyofthefoodsorsubstancesthatarecombinedtomakeaparticulardish配料，原料C.replacement---n, theactionorprocessofreplacingsomeoneorsomething替代，更换；复位substitute--n. apersonorthingactingorservinginplaceofanother代替物;v. useoraddinplaceof用…代替E.g.Ifoundsomeonetosubstituteforme我找到了一个人接替我Customsofficerssubstitutedthedrugswithanothersubstance海关官员用另外一种东西替换了毒品授课：XXText1WhyPeopleWorkGlobalreading:1.SkimthetextandfindoutthemainideaWorkcontributesalottohumansatisfation.2.Scanthepassageandanswerthemultiplechoicequestionsonpage54.Answer:CAACCBBB授课：XXText1AHistoryofMusicinAmericaGlobalreading:3.Structureofthetextp.1-2:Introduction:workprovidesmuchhappinessandcontentmenttous.p.3-6:whypeopledonotrelateworkwithhumansatisfaction.p.6:transitionp.7-8:Workcanrealizeone’spotential,whiletheabsenceofworkisfrightening.p.9-12:whyshouldworkbesuchasignificantsourceofhumansatisfaction?p.13:Conclusion授课：XXPARTONEMainidea:p.1-2:Introduction:workprovidesmuchhappinessandcontentmenttous.授课：XXPARTONEWhatcanjobsandworkprovideforpeople?授课：XXLanguagePointsIftherewere,infact,somewayofaddingupthecontributiontohumansatisfactionofthemajorhumaninstitutionsinsociety,Iwouldguessthatworkinstitutionscontributeasurprisinglylargeshare.[L1]实际上,如果能够计算出人类社会主要的风俗制度对人们获得的满足所作的贡献，那我想工作制度的贡献会比意料中大。授课：XXLanguagePointsaddup(adding,added,adds):PHRASALVERBIfyouaddupnumbersoramounts,orifyouaddthemup,youcalculatetheirtotal.把…加起来E.g.Addupthetotalofthosesixgames.把那６场比赛的总分加起来。Wejustaddedallthenumbersupanddividedonebytheother.我们只是把所有的数加起来，然后用一个除以另一个。授课：XXLanguagePointsinstitution/ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃən/CET4TEM4N-COUNT/N-IN-NAMESAninstitutionisalargeimportantorganizationsuchasauniversity,church,orbank.机构E.g....financialinstitutions.…金融机构。授课：XXLanguagePointsIftherewere,infact,somewayofaddingupthecontributiontohumansatisfactionofthemajorhumaninstitutionsinsociety,Iwouldguessthatworkinstitutionscontributeasurprisinglylargeshare.[L1]实际上,如果能够计算出人类社会主要的风俗制度对人们获得的满足所作的贡献，那我想工作制度的贡献会比意料中大。授课：XXLanguagePointsintangible /ɪnˈtændʒɪbəl/thatcannotbeclearlyordefinitelyunderstoodorgrasped;indefinable难以捉摸的;难以理解的;无法确定的:E.g.Theoldbuildinghadanintangibleairofsadnessaboutit.那座古老建筑物周围笼罩着说不出的凄凉气氛。他们俩的感情说不清道不明。Theirrelationshipisquiteintangible.授课：XXLanguagePointsWell-being:N-UNCOUNT Someone's well-being istheirhealthandhappiness.健康快乐E.g.：Singingcancreateasenseofwell-being.唱歌能产生一种幸福感。授课：XXLanguagePoints 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 ：这是一个主从复合句。towhichworkprovidesthemoreintangible,butmorecrucial,psychologicalwell-being是extent的定语从句。thatcanmakethedifferencebetweenafullandanemptylife是psychologicalwell-being的定语从句。intangible，crucial和psychological这三个形容词很容易被误认为是平行结构，事实上，intangible，crucial是修饰psychologicalwell-being的。翻译本句不能用直译，例如extent就不能直接译出来。故采用意译为主。授课：XXPARTTWOMainidea:p.3-5whypeopledonotrelateworkwithhumansatisfaction.Historicalreasons:a.theGreeksb.TheMiddleAges授课：XXWhyisitasurprisetolearnthatworkhaspositivecontributiontotheindividual’shappiness?授课：XXCulturalNotesPlato(?427-347BC)anancientGreekphilosopher,whohadaverygreatinfluenceonEuropeanphilosophy.Heexplainedhisideasintheformofwrittenconversations.HisteacherwasSocrates,andafterSocrates'deathheestablishedaschoolcalledtheAcademy,whereAristotlewasoneofhisstudents.HismostfamousworkisTheRepublic,abouttheperfectstateandformofgovernment.授课：XXLanguagePointsRestrict/rɪˈstrɪkt/V-T Ifyou restrict something to aparticulargroup,onlythatgroupcandoitorhaveit.Ifyou restrict something to aparticularplace,itisallowedonlyinthatplace.限定E.g.：Trusteeshaddecidedtorestrictuniversityentrytoabout30percentofapplicants.董事们已经决定把大学入学率限定在申请人数的30％左右。授课：XXaccumulate /əˈkjuːmjʊˌleɪt/  CET4TEM4(accumulating,accumulated,accumulates)graduallygetorgathertogetheranincreasingnumberorquantityof(sth);get(sth)inthisway积累,聚积（某物）;聚集而成（某事物）:E.g.accumulateenoughevidencetoensurehisconviction搜集足够的证据以给他定罪Byinvestingwiselysheaccumulatedafortune.她由於投资精明而积蓄了一笔财产.授课：XXcompulsion /kəmˋpʌlʃən/n~(todosth)[U]compellingorbeingcompelled强迫;强制;被迫:Irefusetoactundercompulsion.我决不能让人逼着做事.[C]urge(esptobehaveinanirrationalway)thatonecannotresist（不能克制的）欲望,冲动,要求（尤指不合情理的行为）:acompulsiontodestroythings毁物欲授课：XXPARTTHREEMainidea:p.7-8:Workcanrealizeone’spotential,whiletheabsenceofworkisfrightening.授课：XXWhydoinstitutionsdealingwithmentalhealthproblemsestablishworkshop?Whataretheeffectsoftheabsenceofwork?授课：XXLanguagePointsrenew /rɪˈnjuː/  CET4TEM4 (renewing,renewed,renews)1.V-T Ifyou renew anactivity,youbeginitagain.重新开始E.g.：HerenewedhisattackongovernmentpolicytowardEurope.他重新开始抨击政府的欧洲政策。2.V-T Youcansaythatsomething isrenewed whenitgrowsagainorisreplacedafterithasbeendestroyedorlost.获得新生;(遭毁坏或损失后)再生E.g.：Nature'srepairprocessisslowandsteady,withcellsbeingconstantlyrenewed.自然的修复过程缓慢而稳定，在此过程中细胞不断再生。授课：XXLanguagePointsacute /əˈkjuːt/  CET4TEM41.ADJ Youcanuse acute toindicatethatanundesirablesituationorfeelingisverysevereorintense.严峻的E.g.：Thewarhasaggravatedanacuteeconomiccrisis.这场战争加剧了一场严峻的经济危机。Thereporthascausedacuteembarrassmenttothegovernment.这份报告使政府极其尴尬。授课：XXPARTFOURMainidea:p.9-12:Asenseofaccomplishmentinworkisasignificantsourceofhumansatisfaction.授课：XXWhatcanwealthypeoplegetfromtheirwork?Accordingtothepassage,whatcanenrichourpersonalityandmakeuseofourselves?授课：XXstimulate /ˈstɪmjʊˌleɪt/  CET4TEM4 (stimulating,stimulated,stimulates)1.V-T To stimulate somethingmeanstoencourageittobeginordevelopfurther.鼓励;刺激E.G.：America'spriorityisrightlytostimulateitseconomy.美国的首要任务自然是刺激经济。授课：XXattributable[L52]/əˋtrɪbjʊtəbl/adj[pred作表语]~tosb/sththatcanbeattributedtosb/sth可归属或归因於某人[某事物]:E.g.IsthispaintingattributabletoMichelangelo?这幅画是米开朗琪罗画的吗？attribute /əˋtrɪbjʊt/v[Tn.pr]~sthtosb/sthregardsthasbelongingto,causedbyorproducedbysb/sth归因于:Heattributeshissuccesstothehelpofhiswife.他认为能成功是由於他老婆的帮助.授课：XXPARTFIVEp.13:Conclusion授课：XXCanwegainanequivalentamountofprideandfulfillmentifwedonotwork?Why?授课：XXItisprobablynotmuchmoresensibletoaskthequestionaboutworkingtoliveandlivingtoworkthanitistoplaythe“live-to-eatoreat-to-live”theme.[L56]问有关为活而工作和为工作而活的问题跟讨论“为吃而生存或为生存而吃”的主题相比，高明不到哪去。授课：XXText1WhyPeopleWorkPostreading:Readingcomprehension:Answer:CAACCBBB授课：XXText1WhyPeopleWorkPostreading:Useofenglish:Gooff:1.PHRASALVERB Ifanexplosivedeviceoragun goesoff,itexplodesorfires.(炸弹)爆炸;(枪)开击2.PHRASALVERB Ifanalarmbell goesoff,itmakesasuddenloudnoise.(警报器)突发巨响3.PHRASALVERB Ifanelectricaldevice goesoff,itstopsoperating.(电气设备)停止运作授课：XXText1WhyPeopleWorkUseofenglish:Goover:PHRASALVERB Ifyou goover adocument,incident,orproblem,youexamine,discuss,orthinkaboutitverycarefully.仔细检查e.g.Iwon'tknowhowsuccessfulitisuntilanaccountanthasgoneoverthebooks.我要等到会计仔细查看了账目后才会知道盈利状况如何。Gobackon:HRASALVERB Ifyou gobackon apromiseoragreement,youdonotdowhatyoupromisedoragreedtodo.背离(诺言、协议等)e.g.：Thebudgetcrisishasforcedthepresidenttogobackonhisword.预算危机已迫使该总统背离了自己的承诺。授课：XXText1WhyPeopleWorkUseofenglish:Goround:四处走动；供应；（消息）流传Gooutofbusiness:停止经商，歇业；生意失败Gofrombadtoworse:(处境、行为、病情等)越来越坏，越来越糟，每况愈下授课：XXText1WhyPeopleWorkUseofenglish:1.BythetimeIopenedthecanitscontentshadgoneoff.2.I'llgooverhowitworksbeforeyoutryityourself.3.Iwastoldthatitwouldberepairedfreeofcharge,butthemanintheshophasgonebackonhispromise.4.Thebookwassopopularthatthereweren'tenoughcopiestogoaround.5.Hisshophasgoneoutofbusinessaftermakingheavylosses.6.Tradehasgonefrombadtoworseandstaffarebeinglaidoff.授课：XXText1WhyPeopleWorkPostreading:STEMS:BADAAC授课：XXUnit4WorkSectionB:ACBFTFACDBCBTFT授课：XXUnit4WorkSectionC:FTFTFTFTFT授课：XXThankyou!授课：XXThankyou!