江苏省2019年高考英语试题及答案

1江苏省2019年高考英语试 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 及 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 （满分120分，考试时间120分钟）注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上，并将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Inaclassroom.B.Inahospital.C.Inamuseum.2.WhatdoesJackwanttodo?A.Takefitnessclasses.B.Buyapairofgymshoes.C.Changehisworkschedule.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whattodrink.B.Wheretomeet.C.Whentoleave.4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleges.B.Classmates.C.Strangers.5.WhyisEmilymentionedintheconversation?A.Shemightwantaticket.B.Sheislookingfortheman.2C.Shehasanextraticket.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.HowlongdidJamesrunhisbusiness？A.10years.B.13years.C.15years.7.HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutJames'situation？A.Embarrassed.B.Concerned.C.Disappointed.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhathasKate'smotherdecidedtodo？A.Returntoschool.B.Changeherjob.C.Retirefromwork.9.WhatdidKate'smotherstudyatcollege？A.Oilpainting.B.Arthistory.C.Businessadministration.10.WhatisKate'sattitudetowardhermother'sdecision?A.Disapproving.B.Ambiguous.C.Understanding.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatisthemandoing？A.Chairingameeting.B.Hostingaradioprogram.C.Conductingajobinterview.12.WhatbenefitsMarymostinherjob？A.Herwidereading.B.Herleaders'guidance.C.Herfriends'help13.WhowillMarytalkaboutnext？A.Herteacher.B.HerfatherC.Hermother.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whydoesthemanseldomdoexercise？A.HelacksmotivationB.Hehasaheartproblem.C.Heworksallthetime.15.WhatdoesJacobSattelmairprobablydo？A.He'sanathlete.B.He'saresearcher.C.He'sajournalist.316.Whydoesthewomanspeakofastudy？A.Toencouragetheman.B.Torecommendanexercise.C.Tosupportherfindings.17.Howmuchtimewillthemanprobablyspendexercisingweekly？A.300minutes.B.150minute.C.75minutes.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatdidthescientistsdototheroad？A.Theyrepairedit.B.Theypaintedit.C.Theyblockedit19.Whyareyoungbirdsdrawntotheroadsurface？A.It'swarm.B.It'sbrown.C.It'ssmooth.20.Whatisthepurposeofthescientists'experiment？A.Tokeepthebirdsthereforawholeyear.B.Tohelpstudentsstudythebirdswell.C.Topreventthebirdsfrombeingkilled.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_______heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever答案是B。21.Wehaveenteredintoanage_______dreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.D.whichA.whatC.whenD.that22.Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers___________tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.A.givesBhasgivenC.havegivenD.give23.Thedoctorshareshisphonenumberwiththepatients__________theyneedmedicalassistance.A.ifonlyB.asifC.eventhoughD.incase24.Morewindpowerstationswill____________tomeetthedemandforcleanenergy.A.takeupB.clearupC.holdupD.springup25.Scientistshaveobtainedmoreevidence___________plasticisfindingitswayintothehumanbody.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where26.Nowadaysthe___________fortravellingisshiftedfromshoppingtofoodandscenery.4A.priorityB.potentialCproportionD.pension27.Favorablepoliciesare___________toencourageemployees'professionaldevelopment.A.ineffectB.incommandC.inturnD.inshape28.Unliketraditionalgyms,app-backedgymsofferpeople___________optionstoexercise.A.casualB.regularC.flexibleD.tight29.AfewmonthsafterhehadarrivedinChina,Mr.Smith___________inlovewiththepeopleandculturethere.A.wouldfallB.hadfallenC.hasfallenD.fell30.___________theconvenienceofdigitalpayment,manyseniorcitizensstartedtousesmartphones.A.ToenjoyB.EnjoyingC.TohaveenjoyedD.Enjoy31.Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwe_________agoodtimetogether.A.hadB.willhaveC.wouldhavehadD.hadhad32.China'simageisimprovingsteadily,withmorecountries__________itsroleininternationalaffairs.A.recognizingB.beingrecognizedC.toberecognizedD.recognized33.Theyaretryingtomakesurethat5Gterminals_________by2022fortheBeijingWinerOlympics.A.willinstallB.willhavebeeninstalledC.areinstalledD.havebeeninstalled34.Acityistheproductofthehumanhandandmind,__________man'sintelligenceandcreativity.A.resemblingB.reflectingC.reviewingD.restoring35.—Let'stakeacoffeebreak.—__________We'vebeenworkingforhours.A.Whybother?B.Whatfor?C.Yougotmethere.D.Yousaidit.第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Wildlifehasbeengreatlythreatenedinthemodemage.Therearespecies（物种）thatare36everyday.Thewhite-napedcraneisatypicalexample.Soscientistsaretryingtheirbestto37thespeciesfromgoingoutofexistence.ChrisandTimworkatazoo,helpingendangeredcraneswiththeir38.Emma,afemalecrane,hasbeenintheir39sinceshearrivedin2004.Bornataninternationalcranefoundation,Emmawas40byhumancaretakers.Thisledtoanunexpected41,thoughshehadawonderfultimethere.Emmahad42takenherselfasacrane5andbecomedeeplyattachedtohumans.She43tolivewithmalecranes,andevenhada44forkillingsomeofthem,whichmadeit45forhertobecomeamother.46,thetwozookeepersdidn’twanttoseetheextinction（灭绝）ofthispreciousspecies.Withtheirpatienceandefforts,theysuccessfullydevelopeda47ofartificialbreeding（人工繁殖）andnaturalreproduction.This48Emmatogivebirthtofivebabycranes.Thetwokeepersareproudoftheirproductivework.Butbeforetheycanbe49,moreeffortsmustbemade,becausethepopulationofthecraneinthewildisonthe50,andmanyotherspeciesappearheadedtowardextinction.51,noteveryonehasrealizedthatwildlifehasthoughts,feelings,andmostimportantly,equalrightstosurvive.Howcanwe52theever-wideninggapthatseparatesusfromotheranimals?ChrisandTimofferedusthe53:humanbeingstookitforgrantedthattheir54heldallthesolutions,butmaybetheirheartscanbeabetter55.36.A.growingB.migratingC.competingD.disappearing37.A.banB.saveC.splitD.remove38.A.abortionB.recreationC.reproductionD.administration40.A.foundB.chosenC.raisedD.seized41.A.bonusB.consequenceC.victoryD.sacrifice42.A.neverB.alwaysC.unluckilyD.cheerfully43.A.likedB.refusedC.decidedD.hesitated44.A.giftB.skillC.concernD.reputation45.A.illegalB.inspiringC.importantD.impossible46.A.ThereforeB.MoreoverC.HoweverD.Instead47.A.combinationB.collectionC.strategyD.system48.A.forcedB.forbadeC.taughtD.enabled49.A.defeatedB.gratefulC.assuredD.tolerant50.A.itB.riseC.agendaD.decline51.A.IncontrastB.AfterallC.BythewayD.Onthecontrary52.A.leaveB.bridgeC.openD.identify53.A.courseB.excuseC.answerD.reward54.A.brainsB.behaviorsC.servicesD.projects55.A.guideB.treatC.exampleD.companion第三部分:阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分)6请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWhateveryourageorinterests,Buxtonhassomethingtoseeordotomakeyourvisittrulymemorable.HighenergyIfyoudesirephysicalactivities,youcanchooseactivitiesfromswimmingtohorseriding.ExploretheheightswithGoApe,thehighwireforestadventurecourse,orjourneybeneaththeearthatPoole'sCavern.Anddon'tforget:wearesurroundedbyanaturalplaygroundjustperfectforwalking,caving,climbingandcycling.HighmindedBuxtonisjustifiablyproudofitsculturallifeandyou'llfindmuchtosuitalltasteswithart,music,operaandtheperformingartsatBuxtonOperaHouse&PavilionArtsCentreandGreenManGallery.Thereareplentyofopportunitiesforthecreativepersontobecomeinvolved,includingworkshopsandevents.KeepingthekidshappyChildrenlovethesmalltrainandplaygroundsinthePavilionGardensandthere’splentymoretoexploreattheBuxtonMuseum.There'sanewindoorplaycentre,plusthespecialeventsandworkshops,andothersduringschoolholidayperiods56.Ifyouwanttotakeanundergounldjourney,whichplaceisthebestchoice?A.Pole'sCaven.B.PavilionGardens.C.BuxtonMuseum.D.GreenManGallery.57.BuxtonOpenHouse&PavilionArtsCentreisspecialbecauseitoffers________.A.ridesinsmalltrainsB.coursesinmodcmartsC.artisticandculturalactivitiesD.basiccoursesinhorseriding7BInthe1960s，whilestudyingthevolcanichistoryofYellowstoneNationalPark，BobChristiansenbecamepuzzledaboutsomethingthat，oddly，hadnottroubledanyonebefore：hecouldn'tfindthepark'svolcano.IthadbeenknownforalongtimethatYellowstonewasvolcanicinnature—that'swhataccountedforallitshotspringsandothersteamyfeatures.ButChristiansencouldn'tfindtheYellowstonevolcanoanywhere.Mostofus，whenwetalkaboutvolcanoes，thinkoftheclassiccone（圆锥体）shapesofaFujiorKilimanjaro，whicharecreatedwheneruptingmagma（岩浆）pilesup.Thesecanformremarkablyquickly.In1943，aMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmokerisingfromasmallpartofhisland.Inoneweekhewastheconfusedownerofaconefivehundredfeethigh.Withintwoyearsithadtoppedoutatalmostfourteenhundredfeetandwasmorethanhalfamileacross.AltogethertherearesometenthousandofthesevolcanoesonEarth，allbutafewhundredofthemextinct.Thereis，however，asecondlesknowntypeofvolcanothatdoesn'tinvolvemountainbuilding.Thesearevolcanoessoexplosivethattheyburstopeninasinglebigcrack，leavingbehindavasthole，thecaldera.Yellowstoneobviouslywasofthissecondtype，butChristiansencouldn'tfindthecalderaanywhere.JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhigh-altitudecamerasbytakingphotographsofYellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumptionthattheymightmakeaniceblow-upforoneofthevisitors'centers.AssoonasChristiansensawthephotos，herealizedwhyhehadfailedtospotthecaldera;almostthewholepark-2.2millionacres—wascaldera.Theexplosionhadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.AtsometimeinthepastYellowstonemusthaveblownupwithaviolencefarbeyondthescaleofanythingknowntohumans.58.WhatpuzzledChristiansenwhenhewasstudyingYellowstone？A.Itscomplicatedgeographicalfeatures.B.Itsever-lastinginfluenceontourism.C.Themysterioushistoryofthepark.D.Theexactlocationofthevolcano.59.Whatdoesthesecond-paragraphmainlytalkabout？A.Theshapesofvolcanoes.B.Theimpactsofvolcanoes.C.Theactivitiesofvolcanoes.D.Theheightsofvolcanoes.60.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"blow-up"inthelastparagraphmostprobablymean？A.Hot-airballoon.B.Digitalcamera.8C.Bigphotograph.D.Bird'sview.CWhocaresifpeoplethinkwronglythattheInternethashadmoreimportantinfluencesthanthewashingmachine?Whydoesitmatterthatpeoplearemoreimpressedbythemostrecentchanges?Itwouldnotmatterifthesemisjudgmentswerejustamatterofpeople'sopinions.However,theyhaverealimpacts,astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources.ThefascinationwiththeICT(InformationandCommunicationTechnology)revolution,representedbytheInternet,hasmadesomerichcountrieswronglyconcludethatmakingthingsisso"yesterday"thattheyshouldtrytoliveonideas.Thisbeliefin"post-industrialsociety"hasledthosecountriestoneglecttheirmanufacturingsector(制造业)withnegativeconsequencesfortheireconomies.Evenmoreworryingly,thefascinationwiththeInternetbypeopleinrichcountrieshasmovedtheinternationalcommunitytoworryaboutthe"digitaldivide"betweentherichcountriesandthepoorcountries.ThishasledcompaniesandindividualstodonatemoneytodevelopingcountriestobuycomputerequipmentandInternetfacilities.Thequestion,however,iswhetherthisiswhatthedevelopingcountriesneedthemost.Perhapsgivingmoneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells,extendingelectricitynetworksandmakingmoreaffordablewashingmachineswouldhaveimprovedpeople'slivesmorethangivingeverychildalaptopcomputerorsettingupInternetcentresinruralvillages,Iamnotsayingthatthosethingsarenecessarilymoreimportant,butmanydonatorshaverushedintofancyprogrammeswithoutcarefullyassessingtherelativelong-termcostsandbenefitsofalternativeusesoftheirmoney.Inyetanotherexample,afascinationwiththenewhasledpeopletobelievethattherecentchangesinthetechnologiesofcommunicationsandtransportationaresorevolutionarythatnowweliveina"borderlessworld".Asaresult,inthelasttwentyyearsorso,manypeoplehavecometobelievethatwhateverchangeishappeningtodayistheresultofgreattechnologicalprogress,goingagainstwhichwillbeliketryingtoturntheclockback.Believinginsuchaworld,manygovernmentshaveputanendtosomeoftheverynecessaryregulationsoncross-borderflowsofcapital,labourandgoods,withpoorresults.Understandingtechnologicaltrendsisveryimportantforcorrectlydesigningeconomicpolicies,bothatthenationalandtheinternationallevels,andformakingtherightcareerchoicesattheindividuallevel.However,ourfascinationwiththelatest,andourundervaluationofwhathasalreadybecomecommon,can,andhas,ledusinallsortsofwrongdirections.961.Misjudgmentsontheinfluencesofnewtechnologycanleadto__________.A.alackofconfidenceintechnologyBaslowprogressintechnologyC.aconflictofpublicopinionsD.awasteoflimitedresources62.TheexampleinParagraph4suggeststhatdonatorsshould__________.A.takepeople'sessentialneedsintoaccountB.maketheirprogrammesattractivetopeopleC.ensurethateachchildgetsfinancialsupportDprovidemoreaffordableinternetfacilities63.Whathasledmanygovernmentstoremovenecessaryregulations?A.Neglectingtheimpactsoftechnologicaladvances.B.Believingthattheworldhasbecomeborderless.C.Ignoringthepowerofeconomicdevelopment.D.Over-emphasizingtheroleofinternationalcommunication.64.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Peopleshouldbeencouragedtomakemoredonations.B.Traditionaltechnologystillhasaplacenowadays.C.Makingrightcareerchoicesiscrucialtopersonalsuccess.D.Economicpoliciesshouldfollowtechnologicaltrends.DThe65-year-oldSteveGoodwinwasfoundsufferingfromearlyAlzheimer’s（阿尔楚海默症）.Hewaslosinghismemory.Asoftwareengineerbyprofession,Stevewasakeenloverofthepiano,andtheonlymusicianinhisfamily.Musicwashistruepassion,thoughhehadneverperformedoutsidethefamily.Melissa,hisdaughter,feltitmorethanworthwhiletosavehismusic,towhichshefellasleepcatchnightwhenshewasyoung.Shethoughtabouthiringaprofessionalpianisttoworkwithherfather.Naomi,Melissa’sbestfriendandatalentedpianist,gottoknowaboutthisandshowedwillingnesstohelp.“Whydothis?”Stevewondered.“Becauseshecares.”Melissasaid.Stevenodded,tearsineye.10NaomidrovetotheGoodwinhome.ShetoldSteveshe’dlovetohearhimplay.Stevemovedtothepianoandsatatthebench,handstremblingashegentlyplacedhisfingersonthekeys.Naomiputasmallrecordernearthepiano,Startsandstopsandmistakes.Longpauses,heartsinking.ButStevepressedon,playingforthefirsttimeinhislifeforastranger.“Itwasbeautiful."Naomisaidafterlisteningtotherecording.“Themusicwasworthsaving.”Herresponsibility,herprivilege,wouldbetorescueit.ThemusicwassillinSteveGoodwin.Itwasbiddeninroomswithdoorsabouttobelocked.NaomiandStevemeteveryotherweekandspenthourstogether.He’dmovehisfingersclumsilyonthepiano,andthenshe’dtakehisplace.Hestruggledtoexplainwhatheheardinhishead.Hestoodbythepiano,eyesclosed,listeningforthefirsttimetohisownworkbeingplayedbysomeoneelse.SteveandNaomispokeinmusicalcodelines,beats,intervals,movingfromtheroottoendasonginanewkey.Steveheardit.Allofit.Hejustcouldn’tplayit.WorkingwithNaomididwondersforSteve.Ithadexcitedwithinhimthebeliefhecouldwriteonelastsong.Oneday,Naomireceivedanemail.Attachedwasarecording,arecordingoflossandlove,ofthefight.Stevecalledit“MelancholyFlower”.Naomiheardmultiplestopsandstarts,Stevestruggling,searchingwhilehiswifeJonicalledhim“honey”andencouragedhim.Thetaskwassohard,andSteve,angryandupset,saidhewasquitting.Jonipraisedhim,tellingherhusbandthiscouldbehissignaturepiece.Naomimanagedtofigureout16ofSteve’sfavorite,andmostpersonalsongs.WithNaomi’shelp,theGoodwinfamilyfoundasoundengineertorecordNaomiplayingSteve’ssongs.Jonithoughtthatwouldbetheend.Butitwasn’t.Inthemonthsleadinguptothe2016OregonRepertorySingersChristmasconcert,Naomitoldthedirectorshehadaspecialoneinmind:“MelancholyFlower”ShetoldthedirectoraboutherprojectwithSteve.Thedirectoragreedtoaddittotheplayinglist.ButNaomiwouldhavetoaskSteve’spermission.Heconsidereditanhonor.Aftertheconcert,NaomitoldthefamilythatSteve’smusicwasbeautifulandprofessional.Itneededtobesharedinpublic.ThefamilyrentedaformerchurchindowntownPortlandandscheduledaconcert.Bythedayoftheshow,morethan300peoplehadsaidtheywouldattend.Bythen,Stevewashavingahardtimerememberingthenamesofsomeofhisfriends.Heknewthe11pathhislifewasnowtaking.Hetoldhisfamilyhewasatpeace.Stevearrivedandsatinthefrontrow,surroundedbyhisfamily.Thehouselightsfaded.Naomitookthestage.Herfingers.Hisheart.65.WhydidMelissawanttosaveherfather’smusic?A.Hismusiccouldstophisdiseasefromworsening.B.Shewantedtopleaseherdyingoldfather.C.Hismusicdeservedtobepreservedinthefamily.D.Shewantedtomakeherfatheraprofessional.66.AfterhearingSteve’splaying,Naomi________.A.refusedtomakeacommentonitB.wasdeeplyimpressedbyhismusicC.decidedtofreeStevefromsufferingD.regrettedofferinghelptoherfriend67.HowcantheprocessofSteve’srecordingbedescribed?A.Itwasslowbutproductive.B.Itwasbeneficialtohishealth.C.ItwastiresomeforNaomi.D.ItwasvitalforNaomi’scareer.68.BeforeStevefinished“MelancholyFlower,"hiswifeJoni_______.A.thoughtthemusictalentofStevewasexhaustedB.didn’texpectthedamagethediseasebroughtaboutC.didn’tfullyrealizethevalueofherhusband’smusicD.broughtherhusband’smusiccareertoperfection69.HowdidStevefeelattheconcertheldindowntownPortland？A.Hefeltconcernedabouthisillness.B.Hesensedaresponsibilityformusic.C.Heregainedhisfaithinmusic.D.Hegotintoastateofquiet.70.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.TheKindnessofFriendsB.ThePowerofMusicC.TheMakingofaMusicianD.TheValueofDetermination第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后 表格 关于规范使用各类表格的通知入职表格免费下载关于主播时间做一个表格详细英语字母大小写表格下载简历表格模板下载 中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。TheCostofThinkingDespitetheirmanydifferences,allhumanbeingsshareseveraldefiningcharacteristics.suchaslarge12brainsandtheabilitytowalkuprightontwolegs.Thefirstuniquehumancharacteristicisthathumanshaveextraordinarilylargebrainscomparedwithotheranimals.Itseemsobviousthatevolutionshouldselectforlargerbrains.Mammals（哺乳动物）weighingsixtykilogramshaveanaveragebrainsizeof200cm2.Modernmanhasabrainaveraging1200-1400cm2.Wearesofondofourhighintelligencethatweassumethatwhenitcomestobrainpower,moremustbebetter.Unfortunately,thatisnotthecase.Thefactisthatahugebrainisahugedrain—consumptionofenergy—onthebody.I'snoteasytocarryaround,especiallywhenboxedinsideamassiveskull（倾骨）.It'sevenhardertoprovidesenergy.Inmodernman,thebrainaccountsforabout2-3%oftotalbodyweightbutitconsumes25%ofthebody'senergywhenthebodyisatrest.Bycomparison,thebrainsofapes(类人猿）requireonly8%ofrest-timeenergy.Earlyhumanspadfortheirlargebrainsintwoways.Firstly,theyspentmoretimeinsearchfood.Secondly,theirmusclesgrewsmallerandweaker.It'shardlyanobviousconclusionthatthisisagoodwaytosurvive.Achimpanzee(黑猩猩)can'twinanargumentwithamodernman,butitcantearthemanapartlikearagdoll.Anotheruniquehumancharacteristicisthatwewalkupright.Standingup,it'seasiertofindfoodorenemies.Inaddition,theirarmsthatareunnecessaryformovingaroundarefreedforotherpurposes,likethrowingstonesorsignaling.Asaresult,humanscanperformverycomplextaskswiththeirhands.Yetwalkinguprighthasitsdisadvantage.Thebonestructureofourancestorsdevelopedformillionsofyearstosupportacreaturethatwalkedonallfoursandhasarelativelysmallhead.Adjustingtoanuprightpositionwasquiteachallenge,especiallywhentheboneshadtosupportanextra-largeskull.Humankindpaidforitsbroadvisionandskillfulhandsbackachesandpainfulnecks.Weassumethatalargebrainmakeshugeadvantages.Itseemsobviousthatthesehavemadehumankindthemostpowerfulanimalonearth.Buthumansenjoyedalloftheseadvantagesforafull2millionyearsduringwhichtheyremainedweakandmarginalcreature.Thushumanswholivedamillionyearsago,despitetheirbigbrainsandsharpstonetools,livedinconstantfearofmeat-eatinganimals.TheCostofThinkingIntroduction?Largebrainsfortheirbodiesandtheabilitytowalkuprightaretwo(71)_________ofhumanbeings.The(72)_________of?Thelargerbrainsmaynotbebetterbecauseofthecost.13largehumanbrains?Thebigbrainsmakeitharderforthebodytomovearoundandconsumemoreenergy.?Theanimalbrainrequiresless(73)_________whenthebodyisatrest.?Largehumanbrainsconsumemorefood,andweakenmuscles.The(74)_________ofwalkingupright?Walkinguprightmakesiteasytofindfoodor(75)_________againstenemies.?Freedhandscanservesome(76)______