[宝典]2003年3月英语高级笔译测验口试真题

[宝典]2003年3月英语高级笔译测验口试真题 2003年3月英语高级口译考试笔试真题+音频+答案 英语高级口译资格证书第一阶段考试 SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes) Part A: Spot Dictation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear. the passage ONLY ONCE. I'm so grateful for the hospitality, and honored for the reception at one of China's, and the world's, great universities. I want to thank the students for ________ (1) to meet with you, the chance to talk a little bit about my country and answer some of your questions. The ________ (2) are known around the world, and I know what an achievement it is to be here. So, congratulations. My visit to China comes on an ________ (3). Thirty years ago this week, an American president arrived in China ________ (4) designed to end decades of estrangement and to ________ (5). President Richard Nixon showed the world that two ________ (6) could meet on grounds of common interest, in the spirit of ________ (7). During the thirty years since, America and China have ________ (8) of friendship and commerce. And as we have had more contact of each other, the ________ (9) have gradually learned about each other. And that's important. Once America knew China only by its history as a ________ (10). Today, we see a China that is still defined by noble traditions of family, ________ (11). And we see a China that is becoming one of the ________ (12) societies in the world, as demonstrated by the knowledge and potential right here in this room. China is ________ (13), and America welcomes the emergence of a ________ (14) China. As America learns more about China, I'm concerned that the Chinese people do not always ________ (15) of my country. This happens for many reasons, and some of them are of ________ (16). Our movies and television shows often do not portray the values of the real America I know. Our successful businesses show a ________ (17), but our spirit, community spirit, and contributions to each other are not always visible as ________ (18). My country certainly has its share of problems, no question about that. And we ________ (19). Like most nations we're on a longjourney toward achieving our own ________ (20). Part B: Listening Comprehension Directions: In this pa rt of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. Aft er each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen caref ully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the correspond ing spa ce in your ANS WER BOOKLET. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation. 1. (A) Teaching grammar. (B) Going to adult classes. (C) Learning Italian. (D) Starting a restaurant. 2. (A) Because Italian does not have a very large vocabulary. (B) Because in Italian one word means a lot of things. (C) Because the Italian grammar is simple compared with other grammars. (D) Because the Italian grammar is similar to that of English. 3. (A) She goes to Italy quite a lot recently. (B) She had forgotten a lot of Italian. (C) She used to teach Italian to foreigners. (D) She is good at cooking Italian meals. 4. (A) It was one to one when she learned Italian. (B) She learned Italian mainly by way of translation. (C) She learned Italian in a big class. (D) She often went into shops to practice Italian. 5. (A) The free meal offered between classes. (B) The teaching of grammar. (C) The competence of the teachers. (D) The functional teaching approach. Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following news. 6. (A) 1900. (B) 10,000. (C) 75,500 (D) 265,000 7. (A) Germany will reduce its military outlays. (B) Germany will manufacture its own military aircraft. (C) Germany will develop a new generation of military missiles. (D) Germany will increase its military purchases. 8. (A) Around 100 homes are being affected. (B) At least 20 people have been killed in the bushfires. (C) It will probably be the worst bushfire season in Australia. (D) Exceptionally high temperatures are responsible for the bushfires. 9. (A) To press for pay demands. (B) To lend support to the striking hospital staff. (C) To protest against increasing gas prices. (D) To cut overtime for emergency flights. 10. (A) One blast occurring at a restaurant killed two people. (B) Warnings for possible explosions came by telephone. (C) Some McDonald's restaurants received explosion threats. (D) A car showroom had to be shut because of blast warnings. Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview. 11. (A) It's a survey of some towns and cities. (B) It's a report of investment in England and Wales. (C) It's a discussion of possible consequences of urbanization. (D) It's a study of housing problems in suburban areas. 12. (A) It's exclusively experts talking. (B) It's based on talking to local people. (C) It's sponsored by local businesses. (D) It's mainly a government survey. 13. (A) Car ownership. (B) Ring roads. (C) Traffic lights. (D) Public transport. 14. (A) Staggered working hours. (B) Improved public transport facilities. (C) Constructing ring roads. (D) Reducing car ownership. 15. (A) They have cost too much government money. (B) They have created psychological barriers to walking and cycling. (C) They have made it hard to turn city centers into pedestrian precincts. (D) They have made some people afraid of driving their own cars. Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk. 16. (A) Giotto Donatello. (B) Domenico Ghirlandajo. (C) Leonardo Davinci. (D) The Greek and Roman sculptors. 17. (A) Because he wanted to become a sculptor, not a painter. (B) Because he was not content with learning anatomy second-hand. (C) Because he had very different ideas about art. (D)Because he liked to draw from living models. 18. (A) The sculpture of David. (B) The ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. (C) The Creation of Adam. (D) A portrait of Pope Julius II. 19. (A) Thirteen months. (B) Twenty-three months. (C) Forty-five months. (D) Forty-eight months. 20. (A) Because it is a very old work of art. (B) Because people can rarely see it now. (C) Because it conveys ancient ideas about art. (D) Because it can be seen on many printed matters. SECTION 2: READING TEST (30 minutes) Directions: In this section you will read severalpassages. Each one isf ollowed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or imp lied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the correspond ing space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Questions 1-5 Audiences from minority ethnic groups complained about tokenism, negative stereotyping and simplistic portrayal of their communities on television in a report published yesterday. But programmes such as the comedy shows Goodness Gracious Me and Ali G and the long-running soap Coronation Street were praised as being steps in the right direction. The report, Multicultural Broadcasting: Concept and Reality, was released by the BBC, the Broadcasting Standards Commission, the Independent Television Commission and the Radio Authority. It explores attitudes towards multicultural broadcasting from the perspective of the audience and from within the television, radio and advertising industries. All those questioned from minority ethnic groups said their country of origin was not represented at all or was negatively portrayed on television. There was also a sense of insufficient coverage of events concerning their countries of origin. The perspectives of ethnic and racial minorities were not featured sufficiently on terrestrial television, according to 69% of those working in television. Of the radio sample, 45% agreed. There was concern about stereotypical portrayal of certain issues. Groups from the Asian subcontinent spoke of the way in which arranged marriages were presented on television. They felt treatment of the issue was neither accurate nor reflective of the way in which the system had changed. The issue of tokenism was also significant — some people felt characters from minority ethnic groups were included in programmes because it was expected they should be, resulting in characters who were ill-drawn and unimportant. Audiences felt broadcasters had a social duty to include authentic and fair representations of minorities as it would foster understanding of different cultures and allow children to see themselves represented positively. It was seen as important that minority groups should be included in soap operas or game shows, as they have high viewing figures. They should also be more represented as presenters in news and documentary programming. Audiences from the subcontinent said they did not want to be labelled Asian and called for their distinctive cultural identities to be acknowledged. Similarly, those within mixed-race black groups said their issues were rarely represented. Throughout the audience research was an underlying feeling that as all people paid a licence fee for the BBC, it had a greater obligation to cater to minority tastes. Younger white participants tended to find it divisive to have programmes aimed at particular groups, and thought it better to concentrate on achieving fairer representation in the mainstream. Both audience and industry groups agreed that although progress had been made in the past five years, there still needed to be better representation of minorities on screen and behind the scenes. It is apparent in the report that ethnic minority groups are still under-represented in employment. Only 32% of people in radio and 22% of those in TV agreed that numbers of people from minorities in decision-making roles had increased in the last five years. But the overwhelming feeling among those working in the advertising industry was that commercial objectives should take priority. Paul Bolt, director of the BSC, said: "The report shows where can be done in developing future policies." Weakness in numbers ? The number of people from minority ethnic groups on air has increased ? Only 32% of the TV industry sample thought there had been a growth in programming relevant to the groups. In radio the figure was 63% ? Only 32% of those working in radio and 22% in television agreed the number of ethnic minority staff in decision-making roles had increased in the last five years ? The perspective of ethnic and racial minorities were not featured sufficiently on terrestrial TV, according to 69% of those in television. Of the radio sample, 45% agreed this was true 1. The programmes of Goodness Gracious Me, Ali G, and Coronation Street cited in the passage ______. (A) are the best examples of negative stereotypes (B) serve as the evidence to support the conclusion of the report (C) show the significance of token ism in mass media (D) display the positive attitude towards multicultural issues 2. According to the passage, the portrayal of Asians' arranged marriages on television ______. (A) does not reflect changed marriage system (B) accurately describes the change of marriage system (C) does not show the romantic side of such marriage system (D) criticizes strongly the tradition of the Asian community 3. The word "tokenism" used in the passage can best be paraphrased as ______. (A) utter distortion (B) fanciful portrayal (C) accurate characterization (D) superficial representation 4. Which of the following CANNOT be true according to the passage? (A) The issue of tokenism on television implies the prejudice against ethnic minorities. (B) The report is based only on the investigation of the audience from minority groups. (C) People working in television, radio and advertising industries are all investigated. (D) People working in the advertising industry are more concerned with commercial targets. 5. It can be concluded from the passage that ______. (A) the report on multicultural broadcasting is made and released by BBC (B) fair representation of minorities should be based on understanding of different cultures (C) the situation of tokenism in television, radio and advertising industries varies greatly from one another (D) employment of ethnic minorities is well represented on terrestrial television Questions 6-10 Martin Mills, 25, keeps a low profile in order to stay safe in his tough neighborhood. He cleans hotels for $250 a week and then goes straight home to a three-bedroom house in a predominantly African-American area on the north side of Wilmington, Del. He lives with five of his six children and his girlfriend. His younger brother was robbed at gunpoint and shot in the head a few years ago. "I don't bother anybody," he says. "I try to do fight, keep a cool head." He needed one on Sept. 3, when seven or eight cops descended on him as he was leaving the comer deli. They jumped out of an unmarked van and, according to Mills, knocked over his 1-year-old son in their haste to collar Mills. They frisked him, then shoved a camera in his face. He says he heard an officer say, "We are taking your picture now for anything you might do in the future." They then let him go without charging him with any crime. Wilmington police say they have "no record" of Mills' case. But their chief, Michael Szczerba, makes no apologies for his department's latest effort to crack down on drugs. This summer units of as many as 18 agents, known to locals as "jump-out squads," began stopping individuals, usually African Americans like Mills, at drug-infested street comers in search of guns, crack and heroin. The police would then take a digital photo, even with no evidence of malfeasance, to file in a database that Szczerba says can be accessed "if we see a subsequent violation." The department plans to continue indefinitely what it calls Operation Bold Eagle. The notion of collecting mug shots of potential criminals has sparked comparisons to the futuristic thriller Minority Repo rt, in which a fictional high-tech police unit identifies criminals before they commit crimes, an analogy that Szczerba says is laughable. He adds that it is "highly improbable" that innocent people were caught up in the sweeps. But police statistics show that nearly 20% of the more than 600 people detained thus far were not charged with any offense. According to the 1968 Supreme Court decision Terry v. Ohio, police can conduct "stop-and-frisks" if they have a reasonable, particularized suspicion that criminal activity is afoot and a suspect is dangerous. But they cannot use these stops to go fishing for criminals in high-crime areas. Cops often fudge that distinction. "Police stop generally young males in high-drug-traffic areas based on very little suspicion all the time," says Bill Stuntz, a Harvard Law School professor. "The reality on the streets is some distance from what the law says." In Wilmington, the police insist that they abide by the law by engaging in surveillance before they send out the jump-out squads. But what especially bothers the Wilmington operation's critics, who range from civil libertarians to local politicians, is the pictures taken by the police. The A.C.L.U. is considering suing the police department if it continues the candid shots. Says one of the group's directors, Barry Steinhardt: "The premise of the Fourth Amendment is that you don't question people, detain them —— and you certainly don't take photos and enter them into a database — unless you have reasonable cause." Most experts believe that as long as the initial stop is legal, the police can take what-even photos they want. The Supreme Court has held that people can have no expectation of privacy when they are in public. That's why the government was able to scan the faces of fans at last year's Super Bowl and why it can videotape drivers to make sure they don't run a red light. "Police can take photos of people in public places," says Stanford law professor Robert Weisberg. "It can be ugly, immoral, authoritarian, but it's not unconstitutional." Many Wilmington residents appreciate the efforts of their police. Ann McGrellis, 33, a sales assistant in downtown Wilmington, says, "The bottom line is, if you're not doing anything wrong, you don't have to worry about the jump-out squads." Mills, who believes he was targeted because of his race and address, might beg to disagree. 6. According to the passage, Minority Repo rt ______. (A) is written by Wilmington police about its action plan (B) tells the use of high-tech in detecting criminals in story form (C) is mainly about the 1968 case Terry v. Ohio (D) illustrates the targets and processes of the Operation Bold Eagle 7. The police statistics that "nearly 20% of the more than 600 people detained thus far were not charged with any offense" (para. 3) shows that ______. (A) few innocent people were caught in the "sweeps" operation (B) police chief Szczerba is correct in his analysis of their action (C) 20% of the people detained were waiting for their sentence (D) the police action to crack down crimes cannot be fully justified 8. In the sentence "Cops often fudge that distinction."(para.4), the word "fudge" can best be paraphrased as ______. (A) take no notice of (B) give free interpretation of (C) do not understand (D) feel puzzled about 9. Which of the following cannot be inferred from the passage? (A) Professor Bill Stuntz and Professor Robert Weisberg differ in their views. (B) Wilmington police is not apologizing for taking pictures of innocent people. (C) The author reaches his own conclusion over the issue. (D) The Supreme Court has expressed its support to Wilmington police. 10. Which of the following expresses the main idea of the passage? (A) The case of Martin Mills is an exception in Wilmington police action. (B) Most Wilmington residents welcome the recent police action. (C) Taking pictures of innocent people on the street is a controversial issue. (D) Taking photos of people in public by police is legal and constitutional. Questions 11-15 Ever since its discovery, Pluto has never really fitted in. After the pale and glowing giant Neptune, it is little more than a cosmic dust mite, swept through the farthest reaches of the solar system on a plane wildly tilted relative to the rest of the planets. It is smaller than Neptune's largest moon, and the are of its orbit is so oval that it occasionally crosses its massive blue neighbor's path. For years, it has been seen as our solar system's oddest planet. Yesterday, however, scientists released perhaps the most convincing evidence yet that Pluto, in fact, is not a planet at all. For the first time, astronomers have peered into a belt of rocks beyond Pluto unknown until 10 years ago-and found a world that rivals Pluto in size. The scientists posit that larger rocks must be out there, perhaps even larger than Pluto, meaning Pluto is more likely the king of this distant realm of space detritus than the tiniest of the nine planets. When discovered in 1930, "Pluto at that point was the only thing [that far] out there, so there was nothing else to call it but a planet," says Mike Brown, an astronomer at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena. "Now it just doesn't fit." In one sense, the question of Pluto's planetary status is arcane, the province of pocket-protected scientists and sun-deprived pen pushers determined to decide some official designation for a ball of dust and ice 3 billion miles away. Yet it is also unquestionably something more. From science fair dioramas to government funding, planets hold a special place in the public imagination, and how Pluto is eventually seen - by kids and Congress alike - could shape what future generations learn about this mysterious outpost on the edge of the solar system. The debate has split the astronomical community for decades. Even before the distant band of rocks known as the Kuiper Belt was found, Pluto's unusual behavior made it suspicious. Elsewhere, the solar system fit into near families: the rocky inner planets, the asteroid belt, the huge and gaseous outer planets. Pluto, though, was peculiar. With the discovery of the Kuiper Belt - countless bits of rock and ice left unused when the wheel of the solar system first formed - Pluto suddenly seemed to have cousins. Yet until yesterday, it held to its planetary distinction because it was far larger than anything located there. The rub now is Quaoar (pronounced KWAH-oar), 1 billion miles beyond Pluto and roughly half as large. Named after the creation force of the tribe that originally inhabited the Los Angeles basin, Quaoar forecasts problems for the erstwhile ninth planet, says discoverer Dr. Brown: "The case is going to get a lot harder to defend the day somebody finds something larger than Pluto," To some, the problem is not with Pluto, but the definition of "planet." In short, there is none. To the Greeks, who coined the term, it meant "wanderer," describing the way that the planets moved across the night sky differently from the stars behind them. Today, with our more nuanced understanding of the universe, the word no longer has much scientific meaning. New York's Hayden Planetarium caused a commotion two years ago by supposedly "demoting Pluto, lumping it with the Kuiper Belt objects in its huge mobile of the solar system. In reality, however, the planetarium was making a much broader statement, says Nell Degrasse Tyson, an astrophysicist there. The textbooks of the future should focus more on families of like objects than "planets." The discovery of Quaoar strengthens this idea: "Everyone needs to rethink the structure of our solar system," he says. "We'vejust stopped counting planets." Still, many are loath to part with the planet Pluto. They note that Pluto, in fact, is distinct from many Kuiper Belt objects. It has a thin atmosphere, for one. It reflects a great deal of light, while most Kuiper Belt objects are very dark. And unlike all but a handful of known Kuiper Belt objects, it has a moon. "Maybe Pluto, then, should be representative of a new class of planets," says Mark Sykes, an astronomer at the University of Arizona in Tucson. "It's the first example, and we arejust beginning to find this category." 11. Which of the following is true according to the passage? (A) Rocks larger than Pluto have been found in the Kuiper Belt. (B) The Kuiper Belt did not exist when Pluto was first discovered. (C) The astronomers are divided with regard to the status of Pluto. (D) There is almost no difference between Pluto and other Kuiper Belt objects. 12. From when was Pluto seriously questioned about its planetary status? (A) As early as 1930. (B) More than a decade ago. (C) When the Kuiper Belt was discovered. (D) When Quaoar was discovered. 13. The sentence "In short, there is none." (para. 7) can be paraphrased as which of the following? (A) There is no problem with Pluto's planetary status. (B) There is not much difference between Pluto and other planets. (C) There is yet no scientific definition of the term "planet." (D) There is no clear distinction between planets and stars. 14. Which of the following does not support the statement that Pluto is our "solar system's oddest planet"? (A) It is farthest from the sun. (B) It is unusually small. (C) Its orbit is too oval. (D) It mainly consists of dust and ice. 15. The word "commotion" in the expression "New York's Hayden Planetarium caused a commotion two years ago" (para. 8) can be replaced by______________ (A) exchange of opinions (B) thorough investigation (C) wild imagination (D) agitated confusion Questions 16-20 The 100 Aker Wood may look like a dark, forbidding place these days for Michael D. Eisner. That's where Winnie the Pooh, Piglet, and Eeyore live, and the cartoon characters — which represent at least $1 billion a year in revenues for Eisner's Walt Disney Co. —— are in full revolt. A 12-years-old lawsuit, sealed in a Los Angeles court until January, has come to light, and a series of court rulings threaten the media giant with hundreds of millions in overdue license payments and possibly the loss of one of its most lucrative properties. How large a hit Disney will take is still in dispute. Disney is appealing two rulings, including one alleging that company executives knowingly destroyed important papers related to its licensing deals. The Pooh affair may seem minor at a time when Eisner is under attack for Disney's chronically weak stock price and ABC's anemic ratings, but the Disney chairman hardly needs more jostling from a Silly Old Bear. What's more, the impact could be significant. After acknowledging to the Securities & Exchange Commission on Aug. 9 that "damages could total as much as several hundred million dollars" or the loss of the licensing agreement, Disney was hit with new shareholder lawsuits. Disney wants to keep its grip on that bear and his honey jar. Pooh is Disney's single largest property, says Martin Brockstein executive editor of The Licensing Letter. That adds up to about $100 million in operating earnings bom royalties on Pooh T-shirts, backpacks, and other merchandise, figures Gerard Klauer Matheson & Co. analyst Jeffrey Logsdon. Last year, Disney paid $352 million to one pair of heirs of Winnie-the-Pooh author A. A. Milne. But the family of Stephen A. Slesinger, a New York literary agent who bought the U. S. rights in 1930, says Disney owes them $200 million on licenses for T-shirts and other merchandise and has cut them entirely out of the lucrative videocassette and DVD arena. Headed by Shirley Slesinger Lasswell, an 80-year-old widow who travels with a Winnie-the-Pooh bear everywhere, the family contends it is owed close to $1 billion, say its lawyers. Disney, which says it pays the Slesingers $12 million a year, insists the $1 billion figure is a publicity stunt. "The 1930 contract says they get royalties on merchandise alone, not all exploitation," says Disney attorney Daniel J. Petrocelli. The Slesingers also charge that Disney lost documents related to merchandise sales and destroyed others that extended the accord to DVDs and videotapes. On June 18, Los Angeles Superior Court Judge Ernest M. Hiroshige rejected the audit by a forensic accountant he thought unduly favored Disney and found that Disney "misused the discovery process" by hiding the fact that it destroyed documents that might have expanded the licensing agreement to tapes and DVDs. Absent those documents — which include the papers of the late Disney Consumer Products chief Vincent Jefferds — the case may hinge on the "mommy memo." That memo, written in 1983 by Slesinger daughter Patricia to her mother, Shirley, describes a meeting with Jefferds at the Beverly Hills Hotel at which Jefferds allegedly told Patricia "that videos and all these new things were covered and to shut up about it," according to court documents. Because Disney destroyed Jefferds' letters, Judge Hiroshige ruled that Disney is barred from "introducing evidence disputing" the family's contention that they were entitled to royalties on videocassettes. Disney is appealing the ruling. Settlement seems unlikely among the parties. One obstacle: the still-simmering animosity toward Slesinger lawyer Bertram Fields, who won a $250 million settlement for former Disney studio chief Jeffrey Katzenberg in a hyper-charged 1999 case. This time, the character may be soft and fuzzy, but the payout could be bigger. For Eisner, Pooh is becoming one Very Big Bother. 16. The expression "in full revolt" in the sentence "That's where Winnie the Pooh, Piglet, and Eeyore live, and the cartoon characters ... are in full revolt." (para. 1) implies that ______. (A) the cartoon characters are no longer popular (B) Disney is seriously involved in lawsuits (C) they show the sign of deefeat of Disney in lawsuits (D) the cartoon characters no longer play positive roles 17. The word "anemic" in the expression "Eisner is under attack for...ABC's anemic ratings" (para. 2) can be paraphrased as ______. (A) flexible (B) changing (C) steady (D) declining 18. The sentence "Disney wants to keep its grip on that bear and his honey jar."(para.3) can best be explained as which of the following? (A) Disney wants to take back the bear so as to make more honey. (B) Disney wants to take control of its cartoon characters. (C) Disney wants to keep the most profitable property Winnie the Pooh. (D) Disney wants to win the 12-year-old lawsuit. 19. Why does the author say that Disney's case may "hinge on the 'mommy memo'"? (A) Because Disney has been barred from introducing further evidence. (B) Because the documents related to Disney's merchandise sales cannot be found. (C) Because this might be the only documentrevealing Disney's original attitude. (D) Because Slesinger daughter faithfully recorded Jefferds' words. 20. Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage? (A) Disney has introduced convincing evidence to defend itself. (B) Disney has destroyed some important papers on purpose. (C) Disney has lost in the 1999 case with Jeffrey Katzenberg. (D) The stock price of Disney has been going down for a period of time. SECTION 3: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes) Directions: Translate of thef ollowing passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresp onding spa ce in your ANS WER BOOKLET. Bringing the World Cup to Asia was supposed to expand the reach of the global game in a happy confluence of good will and good business. The action on the pitch has certainly been dramatic, and most fans were thrilled. But less than half way through the month-long tournament, the good will is already wearing thin — and business seems relatively slow, with fewer visitors and Cup-related sales than expected. Deeply embarrassed by the image of part-empty stadiums besieged by angry ticket hunters, Japanese prime minister ordered an official investigation into the ticket fiasco. Claiming losses of more than $800,000 per game, Korea's soccer federation even threatened to sue Byrom, the official ticket agent, for failing to print and deliver tickets on time. Japan and Korea both hoped to score big points — at home and abroad — with the World Cup. Perhaps it was the memories of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and the 1988 Seoul Olympics, which were considered turning points in their nations' development. Mired in a decade-long slump, Japan longs for anything that might shock its economy back to life. Korea, meanwhile, hopes the Cup will steady its halting recovery from the 1997 Asian financial crisis — and help brand it as Asia's most wired nation. Their plan: inject billions of dollars into new facilities, welcome throngs of tourists and for one glorious month showcase their countries to the biggest television audience in world history. SECTION 4: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes) Part A: Note-taking And Gap-filling Directions: In this pa rt of the test you will hear a short talk You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. While listening to the talk, you may take notes on the impo rtant points so thatyou can have enough inf ormation to comp lete a gap, filli ng task on a sepa rate ANS WER BOOKLET. You will not get your ANS WER BOOKLET until aft er you have listened to the talk Stress is now a major ________ (1) issue. Even holidays can be a source of ________ (2) and actually undermine health and put pressure on________ (3) relationships. Having spent: holidays in ________ (4) places, or felt that other people are having a more wonderful time, holiday-makers come home more stressed than before they went away. Holiday ________ (5) involve a series of mini-stresses, including tying up loose ends at ________ (6) and worrying about securing the home against ________ (7). Crowded airports, delayed flights and packed ________ (8) may be other stress factors. So experts recommend that we should take two or three ________ (9) holidays a year instead of a long ________ (10) one. July and August can be the most ________ (11) months for holidays, because holidays should be a time for ________ (12), quiet and ________ (13) space. Another strain is that holiday-makers are not able to do what they want on holiday and feel let down. So ________ (14) is very stressful. It's not going to ________ (15) you, but it won't help you to recharge your ________ (16). Some people become over ________ (17) when they are going on holiday and feel that their chosen holiday spot is not a ________ (18) place. Many couples and families are simply not used to ________ (19) a long time with each other. They cannot cope with it and find it ________ (20) to relax. Part B: Listening and Translation 1. Sentence Translation Directions: In this pa rt of the test, you will hear 5 English sentences. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. Aft er you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the correspond ing sp ace in your ANS WER BOOKLET. (1)___________________________________________________________ _ (2)___________________________________________________________ _ (3)___________________________________________________________ _ (4)___________________________________________________________ _ (5)___________________________________________________________ _ 2. Passage Translation Directions: In this pa rt of the test, you will hear 2 English passages. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. Aft er you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the correspond ing spa ce in your ANS WER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening. (1)___________________________________________________________ _ (2)___________________________________________________________ _ SECTION 5: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes) Directions: Read the following passages and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow each passage. Use only inf ormation from the passage you have just read and write your answer in the correspond ing spa ce in your ANS WER BOOKLET. Questions 1-3 Twelve-year-old Claire Elliott owes her French penpal two letters. Her English homework is always skimpy and late, and her friends have given up e-mailing her because she never replies. Yet, according to her mother Megan, Claire is a voracious reader. She just hates writing. A copywriter herself, Megan Elliott had assumed that all her children would learn to write as they had learnt to read, with relative ease. But as soon as Claire started school her writing seemed to be a problem. "Claire could never work out how to hold the pencil. Eventually, she ended up with this very tense, odd grip," says Megan. "Every year at parents' evening I'd say, 'She still doesn't seem to be holding her pencil very well' and the teacher would say, 'No she doesn't, does, she'. We all left it, and now Claire is capable of writing, though in a rather stilted style. But she hates it. Which seems a terrible shame." Going by the latest national test results for 11-year-olds, Claire is not alone. Almost half of all boys and four out of 10 girls fail to reach the average standard in their writing SATs - far more than the 20% or so of pupils who fail in reading. Parents who help their children learn to read are often at a loss to know how to help them write. That is not surprising, says the psychologist Dr Rhone Stainthorp, because even the experts don't fully understand what works. They just know that with its combination of hugely different skills - structuring, spelling, physical co-ordination, use of grammar and syntax - writing is "probably the hardest thing we ask our children to learn". So how can parents help? For children to learn to write well they need rich stores of language, says Kate Jones, who edits the magazine Young Writer (www. young-writer. org), which each year receives 5,000 contributions. What characterizes the best pieces, she says, is that they use fresh words and sentence structures - and the children who have these are the ones whose parents talk to them a lot, and continue to read aloud to them long after they can read to themselves. If children see their parents enjoy writing letters or making up poems they will imitate them, says Jones. Families can write together - keep a holiday scrapbook, or correspond with the tooth fairy - and they can play writing games. "There's a game where everybody writes the first sentence of a story on their own piece of paper, then you fold the papers and pass them on to the person on your left, who writes an ending. Then you pass them on again and each of you writes a story tojoin up the beginning and end," says Jones. It won't go down well, though, with the many older children — aged eight-plus–who, like Claire Elliott, have already been put off by a struggle with writing. As children approach 11, says Stainthorp, writing's component skills need to be automatic. If, by then, children are still concentrating on joining up letters or spelling, they are not thinking sufficiently about what they are trying to say. At this stage parents can help by boosting those basic skills. That may mean a handwriting course. It may mean tuition from a spelling specialist, or buying a hand-held spell-checker for children aged nine-plus to use - not when learning to spell, but when writing. Rhodri Williams, 15, and his brother Martin, 13, have been writing stories since they were seven. Their mother Kate encouraged them by making up entertaining comic poems. "We make up a lot of jokes and puns round the dinner table and when they say 'I'm bored' I say 'Go write something down'. They may not do it then, but they do it later," she says. The more children write, the better they get at it, says Stainthorp. "The children who initially succeed at writing, because they don't find it too hard, tend to get better and better. They do more writing, so they get more practice. "The children who initially find it very difficult do less writing. So they don't get the practice and they get further and further adrift. One group spirals up and the other group spirals down, and it becomes difficult to close the gap." (Claire and Megan Elliott are pseudonyms) 1. Why does the author mention the 12-year-old girl Claire Elliott at the beginning of the passage? 2. What is Young Writer's editor Kate Jones' view about improving children's writing skill? 3. What is the psychologist Dr. Rhona Stainthorp's point of view? What is his suggestion on children's writing problem? Questions 4-6 Genghis Khan massacred the population of whole cities as he built his Mongol empire. But in 1227, when his son avenged his death by ordering the slaying of the Central Asian Tangut people, he destroyed a whole culture, as the local Tangut language was never again spoken. The world now loses a language every two weeks, a rate unprecedented in history. Of course, not all meet such a Violent end. Two lively and accessible new books, Andrew Dalby's "Language in Danger' and "The Power of Babel" by John McWhorter, map the intricate combination of politics, genocide, geography and economics that more typically conspire in their demise — and ask whether we are losing a testament to human creativity that rivals great works of art. Linguists estimate that in 100 years fewer than half the world's 6,000 languages will still be in use. Will this mean a more peaceful, communicative world or an arid linguistic desert, subject to the tyranny of the monoglot yoke? In answering this question, Dalby and McWhorter take us on a fascinating and colorful spin through history, chronicling the rise of empires and crisscrossing the globe to take in the indigenous tribes of west Africa, Tasmania and the Amazon, tracking down itinerant healers in Bolivia, whale hunters off the coast of Germany, Russian immigrants in New Yorkwin short, anyone who can cast light on the unique ways people communicate. McWhorter likens linguistic change to Darwin's theory of evolution, arguing that languages, like animals and plants, inevitably split into subvarieties, alter in response to environmental pressures and evolve new forms and useless features. In prose that is bold and compelling, he warns against seeing grammar as a repository of culture, arguing that it is more often formed by chance and convenience and does not reflect its speakers world view any more than "a pattern of spilled milk reveals anything specific about the bottle it came from." His theory is slightly undermined by careless errors: a Latin sentence he has composed, on which his first chapter rests, has four mistakes in nine words. (Later, rather amazingly, he bungles the masculine and neuter forms of illa, the basic word for "that.") Rather than disassociating languages from the people who speak them, Dalby takes on the difficult but equally rewarding challenge of draw4ng out the distinct consciousness expressed by each tongue. As Babel becomes homogenized, surviving languages have fewer new words and ideas to draw on. Without Greek there would be no "wine-dark sea." We would not "bury the hatchet" if American Indians hadn't done it already. Despite these differences, both authors agree that with each language we learn, our ability to comprehend the world is given fresh, new scope. The word for "world' in Yupik, an Eskimo-Aleut language of Alaska, encompasses weather, outdoors, awareness and sense, as compared with its European equivalents, which tend to refer to "people, a crowd, inhabitants," as in the French du monde, a lot of people, or the classical Greek he oikoumene, meaning the settled zone. Whereas in English we may simply say "he is chopping trees," Tuyuca speakers in the Amazon rain forest must change their suffixes to specify whether this was told to them, they saw it themselves, they heard the sound or they're simply guessing. Why are these languages disappearing? Globalization is the modern equivalent of Genghis Khan, both authors argue. English is now competently spoken by about 1.8 billion people worldwide. Parents consider it the key to a more prosperous life. Fearing that without fluency in the languages of the cultures of "tall buildings" their children will be deprived of standardized education and the ability to reap the rewards of international trade, they allow their own tongues to die off with the elderly. Dalby and McWhorter rewrite the script on language change from nearly opposite but equally intelligent perspectives, agreeing on the most significant point: if our rich linguistic heritage is not preserved, even English speakers may find themselves uncomfortably lost for words. 4. Introduce briefly Dalby and McWhorter's views about the death of languages and their differences. 5. What can be concluded from the discussion about the word "world" and the expression "he is chopping trees" in different languages"? 6. Explain the sentence "Globalization is the modern equivalent of Genghis Khan." from the last paragraph. Questions 7-10 The greatest danger to our future is apathy. We cannot expect those living in poverty and ignorance to worry about saving the world. For those of us able to read this magazine, it is different. We can do something to preserve our planet. You may be overcome, however, by feelings of helplessness. You are just one person in a world of 6 billion. How can your actions make a difference? Best, you say, to leave it to decision makers. And so you do nothing. Can we overcome apathy? Yes, but only if we have hope. One reason for hope lies in the extraordinary nature of human intellectual accomplishment. A hundred years ago, the idea of a 747, of a man on the moon, of the Internet remained in the realm of science fiction. Yet we have seen those things and much, much more. So, now that we have finally faced up to the terrible damage we have inflicted on our environment, our ingenuity is working overtime to find technological solutions. But technology alone is not enough. We mush engage with our hearts also. And it's happening around the world. Even companies once known only for profits and pollution are having a change of heart. Conoco, the energy company, worked with the Jane Goodall Institute (J.G.I.) in Congo to build a sanctuary for orphaned chimpanzees. I formed this partnership when I realized that Conoco, during its exploration, used state-of-the-art practices designed to have the least possible impact on the environment. Many other companies are working on clean forms of energy, organic farming methods, less wasteful irrigation and so on. Another reason for hope is the resilience of nature — if it is given a helping hand. Fifteen years ago, the forests outside Gombe National Park in Tanzania had been virtually eliminated. More people lived there than the land could support. J.G.I. initiated the Lake Tanganyika Catchment Reforestation and Education Project (TACARE), a program active in 33 villages around the park. Today people improve their lives through environmentally sustainable projects, such as tree nurseries and wood lots. We provide health care, family-planning and education programs, especially for women. As their education increases, their family size tends to drop. While pollution still plagues much of the world, progress is being made. This May in Sudbury, Ont., I saw new forests that were recolonizing hills destroyed by 100 years of nickel mining. The community raised the money and worked for months spreading lime and planting vegetation on the blackened rock. I released the first brook trout into a once poisoned creek there. Animal species on the brink of extinction can be given a second chance through protection and captive breeding — even if preserving a habitat conflicts with economic interests. A company in Taiwan planned to build a rapid-transit line right through the only major remaining breeding ground of the rare pheasant-tailed jacana. There was an outcry, but it was the only economically viable route. Environmentalists worked with the company to come up with a solution — moving the breeding ground. Water was diverted back into nearby wetlands that had been drained by farmers, and suitable vegetation was replanted. In 2000 five birds hatched in their new home, and when I visited there the next year, even more birds had moved to the site. I derive the most hope from the energy and hard work of young people. Roots & Shoots, J.G.I.'s program for youth from preschool through university, is now active in 70 countries. The name is symbolic: roots and shoots together can break up brick walls, just as citizens of Earth together can overcome our problems. The more than 4,000 groups of young people are cleaning creeks, restoring prairies and wetlands, planting trees, clearing trash, recycling — and making their voices heard. We have huge power, we of the affluent societies, we who are causing the most environmental damage. For we are the consumers. We do not have to buy products from companies with bad environmental policies. To help us, the Internet is linking small grassroots movements so that people who once felt they were on their own can contact others with the same concerns. I feel deep shame when I look into the eyes of my grandchildren and think how much damage has been done to Planet Earth since ! was their age. Each of us must work as hard as we can now to heal the hurts and save what is left. 7. Why does the author mention 747, a man on the moon and the Internet in the passage? 8. What does the author want to explain when she refers to the energy company Conoco (para. 4)? 9. The author states that one reason for hope is "the resilience of nature" (para. 5). What does it mean? What examples does the author give to support this statement? 10. What is "Roots & Shoots"? Why does the author say that the name is "symbolic" (para. 8)? SECTION 6: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes) Directions: Translate the f ollowing passage into English and write your version in the correspond ing sp ace in your ANS WER BOOKLET. 有了房子，就想车子，老百姓想法和银行不谋而合。银行在巩固了自己的住房贷款之后， 又将目光瞄上了汽车市场。昨天，建行上海分行推出了十大优惠举措， 欲在外资非金融机 构染指汽车贷款之前，做大自己的汽车贷款。 此前，银行界人士纷纷预测，外资非金融机构进入汽贷市场后，很可能会在手续简便和 贷款利率上做文章，以吸引购车族。因此，建行的十大举措也同样是 了简化手续和提供优 惠利率，希望此举能使该行的汽车贷款占个人消费信贷的比重从原来的三成提升至五成以 上。 参考答案: SECTLON1: LISTENLNG TEST (30 minutes) Part A: Spot Dictation 1. giving me the chance 2. standards and reputations of this university 3. important anniversary 4. on a trip 5. confront centuries of suspicion 6. vastly different governments 7. mutual respect 8. exchanged many handshakes 9. citizens of both countries 10. great and enduring civilization 11. scholarship and honor 12. most dynamic and creative 13. on a rising path 14. strong, peaceful and prosperous 15. see a clear picture 16. our own making 17. strength of American commerce 18. monetary success 19. have our faults 20. ideals of equality and justice PART B: Listening Comprehension 1. C 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. A 10. A 11. A 12. B 13. D 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. D Section 2: Reading Test 1. D 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. C 11. C 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. D 16. D 17. D 18. C 19. C 20. A SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST 日韩两国举办世界杯，是想借足球之名，行天下善事、促本国发展。激烈的比赛着实让球迷过足了瘾，可比赛才举行半个月，行善一事就泡了汤，拉动经济发展的效果也微乎其 微。没 几个球迷愿意为与比赛无关的消费填单，这实在出乎人们意料。在日本，比赛场内座位半空，而场外则人满为患，没票入场。日本首相 此尴尬不已，命令官方介入，调查票务丑闻。韩国足联宣布，每场比赛亏损高达80万美元，进而威胁起诉票务代理Byrom 没能及时印制发送球票。 日韩两国都想借世界杯在国内外所收益，这可能是因为两国仍沉醉于1964年东京奥运会和1988年汉城奥运会。日本长期受到经济停滞不前的影响，迫切重振往日雄风。而韩国则寄希望于世界杯稳步摆脱1997 年亚洲经济危机影响，重塑亚洲强国地位。他们的如意算盘是:得巨资更新设备，迎巨大游客群体，借世界杯赛，向全球电视观众展示日韩两国雄风。 SECTION 4:LISTENING TEST Part A: Note-taking and Gap-filling 1. health 2. stress 3. family 4. strange 5. preparation 6. work 7. burglars 8. hotels 9. short 10. midsummer 11. disastrous 12. peace 13. personal 14. disappointment 15. kill 16. batteries 17. anxious 18. secure 19. spending 20. difficult Part B: Listening and Translation I. Sentence Translation 1. The university is not simply turning out specialists, it is preparing citizens. And citizens are not spectators in the affairs of their country, they are participants in its future. 2. The Canadian economy is expected to enjoy a steady growth for the remainder of the year and into 2003, with unemployment lowered from 5% to 3.5%, and inflation kept under control. 3. We have got people living in poverty, but as I mentioned, our government is very generous in the amounts of money we spent trying to help people help themselves, for example, 26 billion dollars for this year alone. 4. We have just concluded some very candid and positive talks. It is true that I invited the president to visit the United States next fall. It is true that he accepted my invitation. 5. China, as a full member of the WTO, will now be a full partner in the global trading system and will have the right and responsibility to fashion and enforce the rules of open trade. II. passage translations 1. High school and college students in the United States today have one important question about their futures: will they find a job if they graduate? There is no easy answer, of course. But let’s look at some of the recent changes in the US job market. The most important change has been the shift from a manufacturing economy to a service economy. A service economy is one in which most workers provide services, like pumping gas into people’s cars. Service jobs include transportation and utility companies, wholesale and retail companies, finance, insurance, and real estate companies and personal services. 2. During the past five years, the number of Americans killed annually in car accidents has climbed to more than 55 thousand. Most car accidents can be attributed to three general causes: mechanical failures, especially those related to faulty brakes and blown tyres account for significant number of fatal accidents; environmental conditions, such as narrow streets, heavy fog, intermittent rain or snow resulting in slippery roads also contribute to the accident statistics; but the most frequently reported factors in cars’accidents are errors of human judgment, such as speeding, drunken driving, and failure to signal a change from one lane to another. The man behind the wheel is often his own worst enemy. Section 5: Reading test 1. It is one example given by the author to introduce the topic --- it is quite naturally for a child to be bad at writing. 2. It will be quite helpful if parents can do something --- to talk to and read to the children; to write together with the children. 3. It is really hard to be a good writer. In our effort to teach children how to write, we should concentrate on the part of what they are thinking about instead on joining up words or spellings. In addition, the more practice the children get, the better writers they will be. 4. McWhorter likens linguistic change to Darwin's theory of evolution, arguing that languages inevitably split into subvarieties, alter in response to environmental pressures and evolve new forms and useless features; Rather than disassociating languages from the people who speak them, Dalby takes on the difficult but equally rewarding challenge of drawing out the distinct consciousness expressed by each tongue. 5. With each language we learn, our ability to comprehend the world is given fresh, new scope. 6. Just like what Genghis Khan has done in his massacre, globalization is reducing all the differences between languages with English being the domination language. 7. 747, a man on the moon and the Internet used to be considered impossible, but they came into truth. Similarly, human being is sure to overcome all the problems threatening the planet. 8. Even companies once known only for profits and pollution are having a change of heart. The various companies involved can also take some action to play their own part in the efforts made to overcome all the existing and potential problems. 9. The nature itself will recover to normal if it is given enough care. The example is the forests outside Gombe National Park in Tanzania 10. "Roots & Shoots" is J.G.I.'s program for youth from preschool through university. The author say that the name is "symbolic" because roots and shoots together can break up brick walls, just as citizens of Earth together can overcome our problems. Section 6: Translation test After getting a house, people switch their attention to the private cars. That is just what the various Chinese banks want. With its role consolidated in the part of housing loans, these banks now focus their attention on the promising private car loans. Yesterday, the Construction Bank of China (CBC), Shanghai Branch introduced 10 preferential policies so as to win a part in the private car loans before the foreign non-financial organizations take any action. It has been predicted by those from the banks that the foreign non-financial organizations would probably concentrate on its convenient application procedures and preferential interest rates after they succeed in getting into the market of the private car loans. Therefore, the CBC is taking the 10 preferential policies, something developed to sharpen its edge over the foreign opponents, in an effort to raise its share in the private car loans, from 30% to 50% and even more.