漆器英文说明LACQUERWAREAsianlacquerwareiswellknowntoartcollectorsworldwide,andistheresultofsomeofthefinestcraftsmanshiptechniquesintheworld.Lacquerwareiscreatedbyapplyinglacquertowoodenobjectstogiveitafinefinishandluster.ThecraftwasdevelopedinChina.TheHistoryofLacquerWareEvidenceindicatesthatthepracticeoflacqueringobjectsbeganover4000yearsago,whereitwasusedtocoatcommonobjectslikefurniture,andpersonalitemslikeearringsandcombs.Thistypeoflacqueringwasmorefunctionalinnature,asthelacqueraddedsturdinessandsmoothnesstotheobjects.Atthesametime,Chineseartisansweredevelopinglacqueringtechniquesalongmoreartisticlines,theyaddedcolortotheirlacquerandwereusinglacquertomakeitemsmoreaestheticallypleasing. TheProcessofCreatingLacquerwareLacquercomesfromthesapofthetreespecies,RhusVeniciflua,commonlyknownastheVarnishTree.ThistreecanbefoundthroughoutChina,butitoriginatedinCentralAsia.ItisamemberoftheAnacardiaceaefamily,andsharesrelationswiththecashew,mangoandpistachiotree. HarvestinglacquerfromtheVarnishTreeisrelativelysimple:ThetechniquevariesdependingonwhatregionofAsiayouarein,butgenerally,fivetotenhorizontalcutsaremadeinthetree’strunkparalleltooneanother.Asthesapoozesoutofthesecuts,itisscrapedandcollected. Afterbeingtreatedtoremoveimpurities,thelacquersapiscalledcrudelacquer.Crudelacquerisusedasaprimeronmostlacquerware.Toincreasethequalityofthecrudelacquer,itisheatedbetween35and45degreesCelsius.ItisthenknownasKuromelacquer.Anothertypeoflacquercanbecreatedwhencrudelacquerisheatedat60degreesCelsius,thisiscalledHosezulacquerandwillnotdryandharden.HosezulacquerismixedintoKuromelacquertohelpspeeduporslowdownthedryingprocess.Thespeedofthedryingprocesscanvary,dependingonlacquerquality,heatandhumidity. Colorcanthenbeaddedtothelacquerbymixingoilorcolorpigments,andthenitcanbeusedasatoplayer,givingtheobjectasturdyandglossyshine.Ifcolorisnotadded,thenaturalstateoflacquergivestheobjectatransparent,richbrownhue.
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