初一英语重要语法及知识点(上)

初一英语重要语法及知识点(上) 第一课 26个字母 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 及48个音标 26个字母的音标 A a [ei] B b [bi:] C c [si:] D d [di:] E e [i:] F f [ef] G g H h [eit?] I i [ai] [d?i:] J j K k [kei] L l [el] [d?ei] M m [em] N n [en] O o [?u] P p [pi:] Q q [kju:] R r [ɑ:] S s [es] T t [ti:] U u [ju:] V v [vi:] W w X x [eks] [′d?blju:] Y y [wai] Z z [zi:][zed] intangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and self-consciousness. Questionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a well-known city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of problems. We carry 48个国际音标表 长元音 [?:] [i:] [?:] [u:] [a:] 12个单元音 元 短元音 [?] [i] [?] [u] [æ] [e] [Λ] 音 8个双元音 [?i] [i?] [??] [u?] [ai] [ei] [?u] [au] 清辅音 [θ] [ ? ] [t?] [p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [tr] [ts] 10对 浊辅音 [ð] [?] [d?] [b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [dr] [dz] 辅 音 3个鼻音 [?] [m] [n] 3个似拼音 [h] [r] [l] 2个半元音 [w] [j] 英语国际音标对照表 英语国际音标对照表 英语国际音标对照表 新 i: ? e æ З: ? Λ u: ? ?: 旧 i: i e æ ?: ? Λ u: u ?: Vowels 元音 新 eI aI I? e? ? ɑ: ?I ?? a? ?? 旧 ei ai ?u au i? ε? u? ? ɑ: ?i p b t d k f v s z g Consonants 无变化 ð m n ? l r h w j ϑ 辅音 ? t? tr dr ts dz ? d? 元音20(发音时声带振动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音) consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines e a lot of problems. We carryere ar. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a wellle requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhan2 长元音 /ɑ:/ /?:/ / ?:/ /i:/ /u:/ 短元音 / ?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /e/ /æ/ 双元音 /e?/ /a?/ /??/ /??/ /e?/ /??/ /??/ /a?/ 辅音28 (无论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的 阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音) 发音时声带不振动的称为清辅音 发音时声带 振动的称为浊辅音 轻辅音 /p/ / t/ / k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ 浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ 轻辅音 /?/ / h/ /ts/ /t?/ /tr/ 浊辅音 /?/ / r/ /dz/ /d?/ /dr/ 鼻音 /m/ /n/ /?/ 半元音 / j/ / w/ 边音 / ?/ consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ known city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a welleople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the nproblems. We carryiod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past per3 consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines ce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhane a lot of problems. We carryere ar. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a wellle requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benef4 consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ problems. We carryiod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past perknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a welleople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the n5 第二课 日常招呼用语 Good Morning Language Goals: Letters A-H; Greet people 语言目标:字母A-H;问候他人 1a Write down the English Good morning, Good morning, Bob! names you know. Miss Wang! Good morning, Alice! 写出你知道的英文名字。 _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ _______________________ Do you know other greetings? 你知道其他的问候语吗, Hi 嗨;喂 _______________________ hello 你好;喂 Good afternoon! 下午好～ 你知道怎么回答这 Good evening! 晚上好～ 1b 些问候语吗, Good night! 晚安～ Bye-bye 再见 Sing the alphabet song. 唱字母歌。 2a A,B,C,D,E,F,G, U,V,W,X,Y,Z. H,I,J,K,L,M,N, X,Y,Z—now you see, O,P,Q,R,S,T, I can see my ABCs. consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines Questionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhane a lot of problems. We carryere ar. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a wellle requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefce the public happiness index of inevitab6 2bPractice the conversation with your partner. 与同伴Good afternoon, Dale! 练习对话。 Hi, Cindy! How are you? A:Hi, Helen! How are you? B: Hi, Eric! I’m fine, thanks. I’m OK. I’m fine, thanks. How are you? 必记单词 good adj. 好的 you pron. 你;你们 morning n. 早晨;上午 I pron. 我 hi interj. (用于打招呼)嗨;喂 am v. 是 hello interj. 你好;喂 fine adj. 健康的;美好的 afternoon n. 下午 thanks interj. & n . 谢谢 evening n. 晚上; 傍晚 OK interj.& adv. 好;可以 how adv. 怎样; 如何 HB (铅笔芯)硬笔 are v. 是 CD 光盘;激光唱片 BBC 英语广播公司 重要词组 1. Name list 名单 3. good afternoon 下午好 2. Good morning 早上好 4. good evening 晚上好 必备句型 1.Good morning / afternoon / evening.早上好/ 下午好 / 晚上好。 2. How are you,你好吗, I’m fine / well/ OK, thanks. 我很好，谢谢～ 3.What is your name ? 你的名字是什么,回答:My name is lily. consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ problems. We carryiod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past perknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a welleople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the n7 交际用语: 一( 在一天中的不同时间进行问候的日常用语 Hi! 嗨～-----Hi! Hello!---- Hello! 你好～ ------ Good morning! 早上好～ Good morning! 早上好! Good afternoon! 下午好～------ Good afternoon! 下午好～ Good evening! 晚上好～------- Good evening! 晚上好～ 二( 询问身体状况的日常用语 How are you? 你好吗,------ Fine, thank you! And you? 很好，你呢? I’m fine, too. 我也很好。 课堂练习 1.Write English words according to Chinese.根据汉语写单词。 好的;令人满意的__________ 早晨;上午__________ 早上好_________ (表示问候)嗨__________下午__________ 下午好～__________ 晚上;傍晚__________ 晚上好～__________ 怎样;如何__________ 是______________ 你;你们__________ 你(身体)好吗,________ 我__________ 是__________ 健康的;美好的__________ 谢谢__________ 好;可以________ 2.Write the responses of greetings.写出下列问候语的答语。 Hello!___________ Good morning!__________ Good afternoon!______________ Good evening!_______________ Good night!_________________ How are you?_________________ consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines e a lot of problems. We carryere ar. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a wellle requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhan8 3.Choose the right answer. (1)Hello, Bob!—________, Dale! A.OK B. Good C.Goodbye D. Hello (2)I _____ a boy. You _____ a girl. What about her? (她呢) A. am, are B.are,am C.be,are D./,are (3)How are you, Mrs. Green?—_______ A. Fine, thank you. B. Good morning. C. How are you? D. Hello. (4)对方帮助你时，你应该说:______ A.OK B. Thank you C. Hello D. I’m fine. (5)现在时间是13:00，你如何向别人问好,______ A. Good evening. B. Good afternoon. C. Good morning. D. Good night. 初中入门英语 第三课 初一英语预备单元的知识要点: Starter Unit 1 :Good morning 打招呼的方式: 一 熟人朋友之间打招呼: 1)Hi/hello. 2)Good morning/good afternoon/good evening. 3}--How are you,/ How is he ? 你好吗,他好吗, --I’m fine. ( I’m OK/ I’m very well. )Thank you，and you?/How are you?(fine, OK, well 都是形容词，表身体好的) 二 初次见面问好: 1)--How do you do, 你好! --How do you do, 你好! 2)--Nice to meet you. 很高兴见到你! --Nice to meet you too. 见到你我也很高兴! Starter Unit2:What’s this in English, 关于询问: 1)指距离上在近处:用this，表示这个;复数用these，表示这些。 单数: ,What’s this in English? ---( in English 用英语)这个用英语怎么说, ,It’s a ruler. ----这是尺子 ---Spell it, please. = How do you spell it ,请拼写出来 ,,-U-L-E-R. 复数: ---what are these, ---Those are books. consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ known city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a welleople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the nproblems. We carryiod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past per9 2)指距离上在远处:用that，表示那个;复数用those，表示那些。 单数: ---What’s that? ---那是什么, ---It is a bag. Starter Unit3:What color is it ? What color is it ? --- It’s black and white. What color are they ? ---They are red. What’s your/ her/ his name ? Unit 1 My name’s Gina. Language Goals: Introduce yourself;Greet people; Ask for and give telephone number 语言目标:介绍自己;问候他人;询问和告知电话号码。 基本课文: 1 Role play the conversation. 分角色表演对话 Linda: Good afternoon! My name’s Linda. Are you Helen? Helen: Yes, I am. Nice to meet you, Linda. inda: Nice to meet you, too. What’s her L name? Helen: She’s Jane. Linda: Is he Jack? Helen: No, he isn’t. His name’s Mike. 2 Practice the conversations in pairs. 两人一组练习下面的对话。 A: Hello! What’s your name A: What’s his name? B: My name’s Kate. B: His name is Mike. A: I’m Jack. A: And what’s her name? B: Nice to meet you! B: Her name is Lucy. 3 语法点: What’s your name? Alan. /I’m Alan./My name’s Alan. What’s his name? He’s Eric./ His name’s Eric. What’s her name? She’s Mary. / Her name’s Mary. Is he Jack? Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t. His name’s Mike. Are you Helen? Yes, I am. / No, I’m not. I’m Gina. what’s = what is name’s = name is I’m = I am he’s = he is she’s = she is consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines le requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhane a lot of problems. We carryere ar. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a well10 5课后练习: 1)Complete the conversation and practice it with your partner. 补全对话，并与同伴练习。 A: Hi, ________________ your name? B: My ____________________ Gina. ____________________ you Bill? A: ______________________, I’m not. ___________________ Bob. B: Hi, ____________________. _____________________ to meet you. A: Nice to ___________________ you, too. 2)Match them with the pictures. Circle the first names and underline the last names. 阅读以下信息，并与图片配对。然后在名字上画圈，在姓氏下画线。 1. My name is Jenny Green. My phone number is 281-9176.My friend is Gina Smith. Her phone number is 232-4672. 2. I’m Dale Miller and my friend is Eric Brown. His telephone number is 357-5689.My telephone number is 358-6344. 3. My name is Mary Brown. My friend is in China. Her name is Zhang Mingming. My phone number is257-8900 and her number is 929-3155. 6扩充知识:人称代词、物主代词 人称 形容词性名词性 主格 宾格 物主代词 代词 物主代词 物主代词 我 我的 I me my mine 我们 我们的 We us our ours 你/ 你/ You you your yours 你们 你们的 他 他的 He him his his 她 她的 She her her hers 它 它的 It it its its 他们 他们的 They them their theirs ?人称代词:表―某人‖，分主格、宾格(作主语为主格，常放句首;作宾语为宾格，常 放动词或介词后作宾语) 如: ? I can help you ? Can you help me. ?物主代词:表―某人的‖，可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主 代词后必须接宾语，名词性物主代词后不接宾语。如This is my book.= This book is mine. 变化规则:一变(my—mine); 二留(his—his its—its) 三加s(your—yours ; our—ours ; her—hers ; their—theirs) consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ problems. We carryiod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past perknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a welleople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the n11 练习题: am a 14-year-old girl, name is Jane. Look, this photo is . father is a teacher. works in a primary school. students all love . mother is a doctor. works in a hospital. both love jobs. I have a happy family. Do you have a family photo ? Please talk about . 中学英语第四课 Unit 2 This is my sister. 1a基本课文 A: That’s my family. Those are my parents. B: Who’s she? A: She’s my sister. Oh, and these are my brother. 2a对话演练 Sally: Good morning, Jane. Jane: Good morning, Sally. Sally: Oh, Jane, this is my sister Kate. Kate, This is my friend Jane. Kate: Nice to meet you, Jane. Jane: Nice to meet you, too. Are those your parents? Kate: Yes, they are. Jane: And who’s he? Sally: He’s my brother, Paul. Jane: Oh, I see. Well, have a good day! Sally/Kate: Thanks! You, too. 2b语法知识 consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines . In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a wellle requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhane a lot of problems. We carryere ar12 This is my friend Jane. That’s my grandfather. These are my brothers. Those are my parents. Who’s she? She’s my sister. Who’s he? He’s my brother. Who’re they? They’re my grandparents. that’s = that is who’re = who are who’s = who is they’re = they are 1)一般疑问句，用yes或no 来回答的问句。 ?动词be 提前，some 改any There are some students in the room.? there students in the room? ?情态动词(can, could, would, should, may, must等表语气)提前 He can speak English. ? he speak English ? ?使用助动词(do/does/did)来帮助实义动词构成问句。后接动词原形，some 改any. He has some friends. ? he friends. 【注意】一般情况下，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句、疑问句、条件状语从句(但 表请求、建议,希望得到对方的肯定的回答的问句中可用some，此类句型常以could , would开头) 题:?Would you like tea ? ?Could you take tea to me . 2) 特殊疑问句:以疑问词开始的问句。其结构特点有: ? 疑问词+ be + 主语 , Who are you ? What is your name ? What is your favorite subject ? Where is the baseball ? How much is it ? When is your birthday ? ? 疑问词+ 助动词+ 主语 + 谓语动词 + (其他), What kind of movie do you like ? What time do you usually get up ? Why do you like art ? 3) 助动词do/ does / did 的用法: 帮助对实义动词提问或否定, 后接动词原形。 ? Do/Does/Did... like/have/go/want/think/play….? (喜欢吗,有吗,去吗,….) ? don’t / doesn’t/ didn’t like/have/go/want/think/play…(不喜欢、没有、不去、不想…) 4) 短语 : call sb. at + 电话号 : Please call me 5689000. 3a Complete the conversation and practice it with your partner. 补全对话并与同伴练习。 A: That ________ my family. That’s my mother. B: ________ he? A: ________ my father. B: Who’s ________? A: She’s ________ sister. B: And who ________ they? A: ________ my grandparents. consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ problems. We carryiod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past perknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a welleople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the n13 初一英语上册 一【知识梳理】 I. 重点短语 1. Sit down 坐下 2. have a seat 请坐 3. in English ...用英语(怎么说) 4. on duty 值日，值班 5. at home 在家 6. look like 看起来像... 7. look at 看着 8. have a look 看一看 9. come on 快点，快来 10. at work 上班，工作 11. at school 在学校，在上课 12. put on 穿上 13. look after 照顾 14. get up 起床 15. go shopping 购物 II. 重要句型 1. help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事 2. What about…? ...怎么样, 3. Let’s do sth. 让我们做某事 4. It’s time to do sth. 是时候做某事 5. It’s time for …到了做某事的时候 6. What’s…? It is…/ It’s… 这是...?/ 这是... 7. Where is…? It’s… ...什么在哪里,/ ...在... 8. How old are you? I’m…. 你多大了,/ 我...岁 9. What class are you in? I’m in…. 你在...班/ 我在...班 10. Welcome to…. 欢迎来到... 11. What’s …plus…? It’s….. 几加几等于,/ 等于... 12. I think… 我认为...怎么样 13. Who’s this? This is…. 这是谁,/这是... 14. What can you see, I can see….你看见什么了,/.我看见... 15. There is (are) …. 这里有... 16. What colour is it (are they)? It’s (They’re)…这(些)是什么颜色,/这(些)是...颜色 17. Whose …is this? It’s…. 这是谁的...?/ z这是...的 18. What time is it? It’s…. 现在几点钟了、什么时候了,/几点 III. 交际用语 1. Good morning, Miss/Mr…. ...老师，早上好 2. Hello! Hi! 你好，嗨 3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.很高兴见到你，见到你我也很高兴 4. How are you? I’m fine, thank you/thanks. And you?你好吗,/我很好，谢谢。/谢谢，你呢, 5. See you. See you later. 再见 consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines e a lot of problems. We carryere ar. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a wellle requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhan14 6. Thank you! You’re welcome.谢谢/ 不客气 7. Goodbye! Bye! 再见/ 拜拜 8. What’s your name? My name is …. 你叫什么名字,/ 我叫... 9. Here you are. This way, please. 给你，这边请。 10. Who’s on duty today?今天谁值日, 11. Let’s go. 出发 12. Let me see.让我瞧一瞧 IV. 重要语法 1. 动词be的用法; 3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法; 2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法; 4. 冠词的基本用法; 5. There be句型的用法。 二语法要点 一 基础语法 1、词类 英语词类分十种: 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.): 表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.): 主要用来代替名词。如:who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。如:good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.): 表示数目或事物的顺序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.): 表示动作或状态。如:am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.): 修饰动词、形容词或其他副词, 说明 关于失联党员情况说明岗位说明总经理岗位说明书会计岗位说明书行政主管岗位说明书 时间、地点、程度等。如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如:a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.): 表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.): 用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分 英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 如:I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名 词、代词或形容词担任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如: He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接 宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了 一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾 语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如: Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市) consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ eople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the nproblems. We carryiod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past perknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a well15 6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。如:He works hard .(他工作努力) 7、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。如:They usually keep their classroom clean.(他们通常让教室保持清洁) / He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常帮我做功课) / The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老师要我自学法语) ?同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步说明它的情况。如:Where is your classmate Tom ?(你的同学汤姆在哪里,) 3、构词法 英语构词法主要有:合成法、派生法和转换法。 1、合成法:如:spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。 2、派生法: (1)派生名词:?动词+er/or ?动词+ing ?动词+(t)ion ?形容词+ness ?其他,如: inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge (2)派生形容词:?名词+y ?名词+ful ?动词+ing/ed ?friendly ?dangerous ? Chinese; Japanese ?English ?French ?German ?国名+(i)an 如:snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, follwing, daily(每日的),nervous, delicious (3)派生副词:?形容词+ly ?其它,如:slowly, angrily, full?fully, good?well, possible ?possibly等等。 3、转换法: (1)形容词?动词,如:dry(干燥的)?dry(弄干), clean(干净的)?clean(打扫,弄干净),等 等。 (2)动词?名词,如:look, walk, rest, work, study, swim, go, talk等等。 (3)名词?动词,如:hand(手)?(传递),face(脸)?(面对)等等。 (4)形容词?副词,如:early?early, fast?fast等等。 (5)副词?连词,如:when(什么时候)?(当……时候),等等。 (6)介词?副词,如:in(到……里)?(在里面;在家),on(在…上)?(进行,继续),等等。 二 系动词be的用法: 连系动词用来连接主语和表语,连系动词后面常为形容词。 ?系动词be :am—was, is –was, are--were 口诀:我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，所有复数全用are。 ?be表示―是、成为、当‖,多用于将来时、祈使句或不定式中。 ?be动词的用法: A肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small. B一般疑问句 Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t. C be动词的否定形式:am not(没有缩写形式)，are not = aren’t ，is not = isn’t. 三 人称代词和物主代词的用法: 人称 形容词性名词性 主格 宾格 物主代词 代词 物主代词 物主代词 consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines . In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a wellle requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhane a lot of problems. We carryere ar16 我 我的 I me my mine 我们 我们的 We us our ours 你/ 你/ You you your yours 你们 你们的 他 他的 He him his his 她 她的 She her her hers 它 它的 It it its its 他们 他们的 They them their theirs ?人称代词:表―某人‖，分主格、宾格(作主语为主格，常放句首;作宾语为宾格，常 放动词或介词后作宾语) 如: ? I can help you ? Can you help me. ?物主代词:表―某人的‖，可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主 代词后必须接宾语，名词性物主代词后不接宾语。如This is my book.= This book is mine. 变化规则:一变(my—mine); 二留(his—his its—its) 三加s(your—yours ; our—ours ; her—hers ; their—theirs) I. 代词可以分为以下七大类: 人称主格 I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they 1 代词 宾格 me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them 物主形容词性 my, your, his, her, its, our, their 2 代词 名词性 mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs 反身代词 3 myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 指示代词 4 this, that, these, those, such, some 疑问代词 5 who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever 关系代词 6 that, which, who, whom, whose, as one/ some/ any, each/ every, none/ no, many/ much, few/ little/ a few/ a little, 不定代词 7 other/ another, all/ both, neither/ either II. 不定代词用法注意点: 1. one, some与any: 1) one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为ones。some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。 One should learn to think of others. Have you any bookmarks? No, I don’t have any bookmarks. I have some questions to ask. 2) some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。 Would you like some bananas? Could you give me some money? 3) some 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。 I have read this article in some magazine. Please correct the mistakes, if any. 4) some和数词连用表示“大约”，any可与比较级连用表示程度。 There are some 3,000 students in this school. Do you feel any better today? 2. each和every: each强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个以上，而every强调整体，所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。 consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ eople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the nproblems. We carryiod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past perknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a well17 Each student has a pocket dictionary. / Each (of us) has a dictionary. / We each have a dictionary. Every student has strong and weak points. / Every one of us has strong and weak points. 3. none和no: no等于not any，作定语。none作主语或宾语，代替不可数名词，谓语用单数，代替可数 名词，谓语单复数皆可以。 There is no water in the bottle. How much water is there in the bottle? None. None of the students are (is) afraid of difficulties. 4. other和another: 1) other泛指“另外的，别的”常与其他词连用，如:the other day, every other week, some other reason, no other way, the other特指两者中的另外一个，复数为the others。如: He held a book in one hand and his notes in the other. Two students in our class failed, but all the others passed the exam. 2) another指“又一个，另一个”无所指，复数形式是others，泛指“别的人或事”如: I don’t like this shirt, please show me another (one). The trousers are too long, please give me another pair / some others. Some like football, while others like basketball. 5. all和both, neither和either all表示不可数名词时，其谓语动词用单数。both和all加否定词表示部分否定，全部否定 用neither和none. All of the books are not written in English. / Not all of the books are written in English. Both of us are not teachers. / Not both of us are teachers. / Either of us is a teacher. 四 名词的单复数和所有格的用法: I. 名词的种类: 类 别 意 义 例 词 表示具体的人名、事物、Jim , China, Qingdao, 国家、地名、机构、团体the UK, the Great 专有名词 等的专有名称Wall 名 个体girl, student, factory, 可 表示单个人的人或事物 名词desk, cat , country 数 普people, police, team, 名 集合 表示一群人或一些事物的 通clothes, group, 词 名词 总称 名crew 词 词 不 water, ice, pork, 物质 可 表示无法分为个体的物质 cheese, cotton, 名词 broccoli数 consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines . In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a wellle requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhane a lot of problems. We carryere ar18 名 fun, healthy, 抽象词 表示抽象概念的词 happiness, courage, 名词 love, care 注:1.专有名词是指人、地方、团体、机构等特有的名称。第一个字母必须大写。专有 2、有普通名词构成的专有名词前要用定冠词"the"，但它不大写。 3、名词前一般不加冠词。 有些不可数名词有时表示为具体的东西时，则变为可数名词，而且以四上也有了变化。eg. beer ----a beer 一杯啤酒， work--- a work 工厂，著作 ，glass---a glass 一个玻璃杯， room空间---a room一个房间 II. 名词的数:1. 规则名词的复数形式:名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下: 规则 例词 一般情况在词尾加-s 1 map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加-es 2 class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, 变-f和-fe为v再加-es 以-f或-fe结尾wife-wives 3 的词 belief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, 加-s gulf-gulfs 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es 4 party-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities 以元音字母加y结尾的名词，或专有名词以5 toy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys y结尾的，加-s hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, 一般加-es tomato-tomatoes 以辅音字母加6 piano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, -o结尾的名词 不少外来词加-s solo-solos 两者皆可 zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos 以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s 7 radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos 以-th结尾的名词加-s 8 truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths, 2. 不规则名词复数: 英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下: 规则 例词 man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, 改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式 1 mouse-mice 单复数相同 2 sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan, jin, ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, 只有复数形式 3 contents 一些集体名词总是用作复数 4 people, police, cattle, staff 部分集体名词既可以作单数(整体)也可audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, committee, 5 以作复数(成员) government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ iod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past perknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a welleople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the nproblems. We carry19 customs(海关), forces(军队), times(时代), spirits(情绪), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩), papers(文件报纸), manners(礼复数形式表示特别含义 6 貌), looks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜), ruins(废 墟) Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, 加-s 表示Europeans “某单复数同形 7 Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese 国人” 以-man或-woman结尾的改为Englishmen, Frenchwomen -men,-women 将主体名词变为复数 sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends 合成无主体名词时将最后一部分变为8 grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches 名词 复数 将两部分变为复数 women singers, men servants III. 名词的所有格:名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。所有格分两种:一是名词词尾加’s构成，二是由介词of加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。 1. ’有生命的 s所有格的构成: 单数名词在末尾加’s the boy’s father, Jack’s book, her son-in-law’s photo, 一般在末尾加’ the teachers’ room, the twins’ mother, 复数名词 不规则复数名词后加’s the children’s toys, women’s rights, 以s结尾的人名所有格加’s或者’ Dickens’ novels, Charles’s job, the Smiths’ house 表示各自的所有关系时,各名词末尾均须Japan’s and America’s problems, Jane’s and Mary’s bikes 加’s 表示共有的所有关系时在最后一词末加’s Japan and America’s problems, Jane and Mary’s father 表示:某人家::店铺:，所有格后名词the doctor’s, the barber’s, the tailor’s, my uncle’s 省略 2. 无生命的 ’s所有格的用法: , 表示时间 today’s newspaper, five weeks’ holiday 表示自然现象 2 the earth’s atmosphere, the tree’s branches 表示国家城市等地方的名词 3 the country’s plan, the world’s population, China’s industry 表示工作群体 4 the ship’s crew, majority’s view, the team’s victory 表示度量衡及价值 5 a mile’s journey, five dollars’ worth of apples 与人类活动有特殊关系的词 6 the life’s time, the play’s plot 某些固定词组 a bird’s eye view, a stone’s throw, at one’s wit’s end(不知所措) 7 3. of所有格的用法: 用于无生命的东西:the legs of the chair, the cover of the book 用于有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时:the classrooms of the first-year students 用于名词化的词:the struggle of the oppressed 五 冠词的基本用法: 冠词分为不定冠词(a, an)，定冠词(the)，和零冠词。 consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines le requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhane a lot of problems. We carryere ar. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a well20 I. 不定冠词的用法: 指一类人或事，相当于a kind of 1 A plane is a machine that can fly. 第一次提及某人某物，非特指 2 A boy is waiting for you. 表示“每一”相当于every，one 3 We study eight hours a day. 表示“相同”相当于the same 4 We are nearly of an age. 用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were out 5 人有类似性质的人或事 That boy is rather a Lei Feng. A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, 用于固定词组中 6 many a time 用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后 7 This room is rather a big one. 用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后 8 She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet. II. 定冠词的用法: 表示某一类人或物 1 The horse is a useful animal. 用于世上独一无二的事物名词前 2 the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean 表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事 3 Would you mind opening the door? 用于乐器前面 4 play the violin, play the guitar 用于形容词和分词前表示一类人 5 the reach, the living, the wounded 表示“一家人”或“夫妇” 6 the Greens, the Wangs 用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前 7 He is the taller of the two children. 用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前 the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French 8 用于表示发明物的单数名词前 9 The compass was invented in China. 在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代 10 in the 1990’s 用于表示单位的名词前 11 I hired the car by the hour. 用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时间的12 He patted me on the shoulder. 词组前 III. 零冠词的用法: 专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名1 Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air 词前 名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等2 I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this? 限制 季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前 3 March, Sunday, National Day, spring 表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前 4 Lincoln was made President of America. 学科，语言，球类，棋类名词前 5 He likes playing football/chess. 与by连用表示交通工具的名词前 6 by train, by air, by land 以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时 7 husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night 表示泛指的复数名词前 8 Horses are useful animals. 六There be句型的用法: 1、there be结构表示―某时、某地存在着什么事物或人‖，包括there is、there are、there was、there were。 2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is或was; 主语是复数，be 动词用are或 consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ eople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the nproblems. We carryiod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past perknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a well21 were;如有几件物品，be 动词根据最近be 动词的那个名词决定——“就近原则”。 3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。 4、some和any在there be 句型中的运用:some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑问句。 5、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用:and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑问句。 6、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是: How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语, How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语, 7、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是: What’s + 介词短语, 七 形容词和副词 I. 形容词: 1. 形容词的位置: 1) 形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置: 修饰some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等构成的复合不1 nobody absent, everything possible 定代词时 以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名the best book available, the only solution 2 词之后 possible alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置 3 the only person awake 和空间、时间、单位连用时 4 a bridge 50 meters long 成对的形容词可以后置 5 a huge room simple and beautiful 形容词短语一般后置 6 a man difficult to get on with 2) 多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序: 代词 数词 性状形容词 冠词 冠词前大小 指示代词 序数性质 新旧 国籍 材料 的形容基数词 长短 颜色 不定代词 词 状态 温度 产地 质地 词 形状 代词所有格 名the 词 all a seconbeautiful large one new black Chinese silk both this d good short four cool yellow London stone such another next poor square your 3) 复合形容词的构成: 形容词+名词+ed 名词+形容词 1 kind-hearted 6 world-famous 形容词+形容词 名词+现在分词 2 dark-blue 7 peace-loving 形容词+现在分词 名词+过去分词 3 ordinary-looking 8 snow-covered 副词+现在分词 数词+名词+ed 4 hard-working 9 three-egged 副词+过去分词 数词+名词 5 newly-built 1twenty-year 0 consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines ere ar. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a wellle requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhane a lot of problems. We carry22 II. 副词 副词的分类: soon, now, early, finally, once, 时间副词 频度副词 1 5 always, often, frequently, seldom, never recently here, nearby, outside, upwards, 地点副词 疑问副词 2 6 how, where, when, why above hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, how, when, where, why, whether, 方式副词 连接副词 3 7 really however, meanwhile almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, 程度副词 关系副词 4 8 when, where, why rather III. 形容词和副词比较等级: 形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。 1. 同级比较时常常用 as…as…以及not so(as)…as…如:I am not so good a player as you are. 2. 可以修饰比较级的词有:much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal。 3. 表示一方随另一方变化时用“the more…the more…‖句型。如:The harder you work, the more progress you will make. 4. 用比较级来表达最高级的意思。如:I have never spent a more worrying day. 5. 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型: Our school is three times larger than yours./Our school is four times as large as yours./Our school is four times the size of yours. 6. 表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如:favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect。 八 介词 I. 介词分类: 简单介词 1 about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on 合成介词 2 inside, into, onto, out of, outside, throughout, upon, within, without 短语介词 3 according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to 双重介词 4 from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between 分词转化成的介词 considering(就而论), including 5 形容词转化成的介6 like, unlike, near, next, opposite 词 II. 常用介词区别: 表示时间的in, on, at at表示片刻的时间，in表示一段的时间，on总是与日子有关 1 since 指从过去到现在的一段时间，和完成时连用，from指从时间的某一表示时间的since, from 2 点开始 in指在一段时间之后，after表示某一具体时间点之后或用在过去时的一表示时间的in, after 3 段时间中 表示地理位置的in, on, to in表示在某范围内，on指与什么毗邻，to指在某环境范围之外 4 表示“在…上”的on, in on只表示在某物的表面上，in表示占去某物一部分 5 表示“穿过”的through, through表示从内部通过，与in有关，across表示在表面上通过，与on6 consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the nproblems. We carryiod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past perknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a welleople"23 有关 across 表示“关于”的about, on about指涉及到，on指专门论述 7 between与among的区别 between表示在两者之间，among用于三者或三者以上的中间 8 besides指“除了…还有再加上”，except指“除了，减去什么”，不放在besides与except的区别 9 句首 with表示具体的工具，in表示材料，方式，方法，度量，单位，语言，1表示“用”的in, with 声音 0 1as与like的区别 as意为“作为，以…地位或身份”，like为“象…一样”，指情形相似 1 1in与into区别 in通常表示位置(静态)，into表示动向，不表示目的地或位置 2 九 动词(分类，时态及语态) 1)动词的分类: 类 意 义 例 句 别 含有实在的意义,表示动作或状态,在句She has some bananas. 她吃些香蕉。 子中能独立作谓语。 They eat a lot of potatoes.他们常吃土实义动豆。 词 I’m reading an English book now. 我现在正看一本英文 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 。 本身有一定的词义,但不能独立作谓语,His father is a teacher.他父亲是教师。 Twins usually look the same. 必须和表语一起构成谓语。 连系动双胞胎通常看起来一样。 词 The teacher became very angry.老师变得 很生气。 本身没有词义,不能独立作谓语,只能和He doesn’t speak English. 他不说英语。 主要动词一起构成谓语动词,用来表示We are playing basketball.我们在打篮 助动词 否定、疑问、时态、语态或其它语法形球。 式,助动词自身有人称、单复数和时态Do you have a brother? 你有兄弟吗, 的变化。 You can keep the books for two weeks. 本身有一定的意义,不能独立作谓语,只 这些书你可以借两个星能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词,表示 期。 情态动说话人的语气和情态。情态动词没有人 May I smoke here? 我可以在这儿抽烟词 称和单复数的变化,有些情态动词有过 吗, 去式。 We must go now. 我们现在得走了。 ?重要注解: (1) 关于实义动词: ? 英语的实义动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词两大类: 后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的叫及物动词;本身意义完整,后面不需跟宾语的叫不及 物动词。 ? 有些动词通常只作不及物动词。如:go,come,happen,lie,listen,rise,arrive,hall等。 有些动词通常用作及物动词。如:say, raise, lay, find, buy等。 ? 大多数动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。如:study, sing等。 ? 有些动词作及物动词与作不及物动词时的意义有所不同。如:know, wash等。 consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines -it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a wellle requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhane a lot of problems. We carryere ar. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi24 ? 有些动词常和介词 、副词或其它词类一起构成固定词组,形成短语动词。如: listen,reply,wait,look. (2) 关于连系动词: ? 连系动词用来连接主语和表语,连系动词后面常为形容词。 ? 常见的连系动词有:be、become、look、feel、sound、smell、taste、seem、turn、 grow、get、 go、fall、sit、stand、lie 等。 ? 有些连系动词来源于实义动词,意思也跟着变化:look(看?看起来)、feel(感觉、摸 ?感到)、 smell(闻、嗅?闻起来)、taste(尝?尝起来)、turn(翻转、转动?变得)、 grow(生长?变得)、get(得到、到达?变得)、go(去?变得),所不同的是,作为实义动 词时,后面不能跟形容词。 [注释] become、get、go、be、grow、turn的用法区别:become表示“变成”,比较正式,通常不用将来时表示动作已经完成。get也表示动作已经完成,但是更加口语化,通常表示温度、时间、岁数等变化。go表示“变得”,常见于某些短语中,后面常有形容词bad、blind、hungry等。be表示“是、成为、当”,多用于将来时、祈使句或不定式中。grow表示“变得”,常指逐渐的变化,表示身高、岁数的增长。turn表示“变得”,指变为与原先不同的情况,通常指颜色等变化。如:I was caught in the rain and I became ill.(我淋雨感冒了)/ He has got rich.(他变富了)/ He will be a scientist in the future.(将来他将成为科学家)/ My little brother has grown much taller in the past year.(在过去的一年里我的弟弟长得高多了)/ The sandwich has gone bad.(那块三明治已经变坏)/ Her face turned red after her mother criticized(批评) her.(妈妈批评了他以后他的脸变红了) (3) 关于助动词: ?常见的助动词有:用于进行时和被动语态的be (am, is, are ,was, were, been, being ) ; 用于完成时的have(has,had,having) ;用于将来时的shall (should) ; will (would)和用于一般时的do(does,did) . ?助动词必须同主语的人称和数一致,也就是说因主语人称、数的不同而采用不同的形式,其中有些助动词也可作情态动词。如:shall, will, should, would. (4) 关于情态动词: ?常见的情态动词有:can (could) ,may (might), must ,shall (should), will (would), dare (dared) , need等,另外,have to、had better也当作情态动词使用。情态动词后面必须加动词的原形。 ?can表示体力、脑力方面的能力或客观的可能性。口语中, 在询问或说明一件事可不可以做时,常用“can”代替“may”。情态动词“can”的过去式是“could”,否定式是“cannot”通常缩写成“can’t”“,could”的否定式是“could not”,通常缩写成“couldn’t”。如:Can I help you?(要帮忙吗,)/ He can swim.(他会游泳)/ That can’t be Mr Li.(那不可能是李先生) ? may表示允许、请求或可能性,用may提问时,肯定回答一般用Certainly或Yes,you may.;否定回答一般用can’t或mustn’t. 如:May I ask you a question?—Certainly.(可以问你一个问题吗,当然可以)/ You may go now.(现在你可以走了)/ It may be in your pocket.(它可能在你的衣袋里) ? must表示“必须”、“一定”的意思。表示“必须”时否定形式是mustn’t;表示“一定”时,否定形式是“can’t” 如:We must be very careful when we cross the road.(我们过马路时一定要非常小心)/ It must be Jack.(那准是杰克)/ I haven’t seen Kate today. She can’t be here.(我今天没有看到过凯特,她不可能在这里) [注意]用must(必须)进行提问时,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t;用must(一定)进行提问时,肯定回答仍用must,但是否定回答用can’t.如:Must we clean the room before we leave? –Yes,you must.或No,you needn’t.(我们走之前必须要打扫房间吗,是的,必须打扫。/ 不,不需要。) / Must she be in the romm? –Yes,she must.或No,she can’t.(她一定在房间里吗,是的,一定。/ 不,不可能在。) ? “have to”表示“不得不”、“必须”。We’ll have to leave now for it is very late at night. have to的疑问形式是:助动词+…+have to,否定形式是:助动词+not+have to或者用 consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ problems. We carryiod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past perknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a welleople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the n25 needn’t.如:Do you have to stay until 8 o’clock?(你得呆到8点钟吗,)/ You don’t have to do so.(=You needn’t do so.)(你不用这么做) ? shall在问句中,可表示征求对方意见,与第一人称连用;在陈述句的第二、三人称的主语后或表示“命令”、“警告”、“允许”等。如:Shall we go to the zoo this weekend?(我们这个周末去动物园好吗,)/ He shall bring his own book next time.(他下次必须带自己的书来) ? should可表示“劝告”、“建议”、“惊奇”等意思。We should speak to old people politely.(我们应该礼貌地对老人讲话) ? will表示“意愿”、“决心”等意思,一般与第二人称连用。如:Will you please close the door for me?(请你替我把门关上好吗,)/ I will teach you a lesson.(我要教训你一顿) ?would表示过去的“意愿”、“决心”等。He would sit near the fire every time he returned home.(每次他回到家中总要坐在火炉边) would也可以表示现在的情况,表达说话人向对方提出的 要求 对教师党员的评价套管和固井爆破片与爆破装置仓库管理基本要求三甲医院都需要复审吗 ,语气比“will”婉转、客 气。在日常会话中,“我想要„”通常用“I would like to”或“I should(I’d) like to”来表示。如:Would you like to have a rest at the moment?(你现在想要休息 一下吗,) would还可以表示过去经常发生的事情。如:Every year parents would tell their children about the boy who would save his people.(每一年父母们总是向孩子们讲述这个 将会拯救他的人民的男孩的事) ? need表示“需要”,用于疑问句或否定句。“need”作实义动词时,在肯定、否定、疑问句中都可以用。如:He needn’t do it in such a hurry.(他不需要如此匆忙地做这件事)/ He needs some help.(他需要一些帮助)/ He doesn’t need to bring his football socks then.(那么他就无须带上足球袜了) ? dare是“敢”的意思,用法几乎与“need”完全相同,即在疑问句和否定句中,可以作情态动词,后面用不带“to”的动词不定式。在肯定句中和实义动词一样,后面的动词不定式要带“to”。How dare you say I am a fool?(你竟敢说我是个傻瓜,)/ He didn’t dare to touch the red button.(他不敢触碰那个红色的按钮) ? ‘d better (do)(“最好是”)一般也当作情态动词使用,否定式是:’d better not (do). 如:You’d better sit here and say nothing.(你最好坐在这儿不讲话)/ You’d better not speak because he is sleeping.(你最好不要讲话因为他正在睡觉) (5)(情态动词 I. 情态动词基本用法: 情态动词 用法 否定式 疑问式与简答 能力(体力，智力，技能) can not / cannot /can’t can Can…do…? 允许或许可(口语中常用) do Yes,…can. 可能性(表猜测，用于否定句或疑问句could couldn’t do No,…can’t. 中) May…do…? Yes,…may. 可以(问句中表示请求) may may not do No,…mustn’t/can’t. 可能，或许(表推测) Might…do…? Yes,…might 祝愿(用于倒装句中) might might not do No,…might not. 必须，应该(表主观要求) Must…do…? Yes,…must. must must not/mustn’t do 肯定，想必(肯定句中表推测) No,…needn’t/don’t have to. 只好，不得不(客观的必须，有时态人Do…have to do…? have to don’t have to do 称变化) Yes,…do. No,…don’t. 应当(表示义务责任，口语中多用ought not to/oughtn’t Ought…to do…? ought to should to do Yes,…ought. No,…oughtn’t. 将要，会 shall shall not/shan’t do Shall…do…? consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines known city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a wellle requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhane a lot of problems. We carryere ar. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand26 用于一三人称征求对方意见 Yes,…shall. No,…shan’t. 用于二三人称表示许诺、命令、警告、 威胁等 应当，应该(表义务责任) should not/shouldn’t should Should…do…? 本该(含有责备意味) do 意愿，决心 will will not/won’t do Will…do…? 请求，建议，用在问句中would比较委Yes,…will. No,…won’t. would would not/wouldn’t do 婉 Dare…do…? 敢(常用于否定句和疑问句中) dare dare not/daren’t do Yes,…dare. No,…daren’t. 需要 Need…do…? need need not/needn’t do 必须(常用于否定句和疑问句中) Yes,…must. No,…needn’t. Used…to do…? used not/usedn’t/usen’t Yes,…used. 过去常常(现在已不再) used to to do No,…use(d)n’t. didn’t use to do Did…use to do…? Yes,…did. No,…didn’t. II. 情态动词must, may, might, could, can表示推测: 以must为例。must + do(be)是推测现在存在的一般状态进行;must + be doing 推测可能正在进行的事情;must +have done是推测可能已经发生过的事情。 1. must“肯定，一定”语气强，只用于肯定句中。 He must be a man from America. / He must be talking with his friend. / He must have already arrived there. 2. may和might“也许”，后者语气弱，更没有把握。可用于肯定句和否定句。 He may not be at home. / They might have finished their task. 3. can和could“可能”，could表示可疑的可能性，不及can’t语气强，用于肯定、否定、疑问句中。 The weather in that city could be cold now. We could have walked there; it was so near.(推测某事本来可能发生，但实际上没有发生) Can he be in the office now? No, he can’t be there, for I saw him in the library just now.(语气很强，常用于疑问句和否定句中) III. 情态动词注意点: 1. can和be able to: 都可以表示能力。但be able to可以表达“某事终于成功”，而can无法表达此意。Be able to有更多的时态。另外，两者不能重叠使用。 2. used to和would: used to表示过去常常做现在已经不再有的习惯，而would只表示过去的习惯或喜好，不涉及现在。 3. need和dare作情态动词和实义动词的区别: 两者作情态动词时常用于否定句和疑问句。其形式为:needn’t/daren’t do;Need/dare…do…? 做实义动词时可用于肯定句，否定句和疑问句。其形式为: need(needs/needed)/dare(dares/dared) to do, don’t(doesn’t/didn’t) need/dare to do 2、动词词形变化一览表:(1)规则动词变化表: 原形动词结尾情况 现在时单三人称 现 在 分 词 过去式和过去分词 规 +s +ing +ed 一般情况 consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ problems. We carryiod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past perknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a welleople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the n27 +es +ing +ed 则s,x,ch,sh,o结尾 +ing 变辅音字母+y结尾 y?i,+es y?i,+ed +s 重读闭音节一元一辅双写辅音字母,+ing 双写辅音字母,+ed 化 结尾 +s +d 不发音的e结尾 去掉e,+ing +s +d ie结尾 ie?y,+ing havehasbeis (无) (见不规则动词变化?;?不规则变化 表) 注意:?在加ing或ed时动词如果以“r”结尾,尾音节又重读的动词,“r”应双写。 ?s/es的读音规则:在清辅音后读[s];在浊辅音后和元音后读[z];在[ s ]、[ F]、[z]、 [tF]、[dV]后读[iz]. ?ed的读音规则:在清辅音后读[t];在浊辅音后和元音后读[d];在[t]、[d]后读[id]. 2). 动词的时态:1. 动词的时态一共有16种，以ask为例，将其各种时态的构成形式列表如下: 现在时 过去时 将来时 过去将来时 一般 ask / asks asked shall/will ask should/would ask 进行 am/is/are asking was/were asking shall/will be asking should/would be asking 完成 have/has asked had asked shall/will have asked should/would have asked 完成进have/has been had been asking shall/will have been should/would have been 行 asking asking asking 2. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别: 1) 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状况，但和现在有联系，强调的是对现在造成的影响或结果，它不能同表示过去的时间状语连用，汉译英时可加“已经”等词。简言之，利用过去，说明现在。如:I have already read the novel written by the world-famous writer. (已经看过，且了解这本书的内容) 2) 一般过去时只表示过去发生的动作或状态，和现在无关，它可和表示过去的时间状语连用，汉译英时可加“过”，“了”等词。简言之，仅谈过去，不关现在。如: I read the novel last month. (只说明上个月看了，不涉及现在是否记住) I lived in Beijing for ten years.(只说明在北京住过十年，与现在无关) 3. 现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别:两者都可以表示“从过去开始一直持续到现在”，在含义上如着重表示动作的结果时，多用现在完成时，如着重表示动作一直在进行，即动作的延续性时，则多用现在完成进行时。一般不能用于进行时的动词也不能用于现在完成进行时。 I have read that book.我读过那本书了。 I have been reading that book all the morning. 我早上一直在读那本书。 4. 一般将来时的表达方式: 将来时 用法 例句 will/shall+动词原形 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态 1 My sister will be ten next year. be going to+动词原含有“打算， 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 ，即将”做某事，或表示It’s going to clear up. 2 形 很有可能要发生某事 We’re going to have a party tonight. be + doing 进行时表go, come, start, move, leave, arrive等词可用He is moving to the south. 3 示将来 进行时表示按计划即将发生的动作 Are they leaving for Europe? I was about to leave when the bell be about to + 动词原表示安排或计划中的马上就要发生的动作，4 rang. 形 后面一般不跟时间状语 The meeting is about to close. consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines ronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a wellle requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhane a lot of problems. We carryere ar. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, th28 We’re to meet at the school gate at be to + 动词原形 表示按计划进行或征求对方意见 5 noon. 一般现在时表示将时刻表上或日程安排上早就定好的事情，可The meeting starts at five o’clock. 6 来 用一般现在时表示将来 The plane leaves at ten this evening. II. 动词的被动语态: 常用被动语态 构成 常用被动语态 构成 一般现在时 过去进行时 1 am/is/are asked 6 was/were being asked 一般过去时 现在完成时 2 was/were asked 7 have/has been asked 一般将来时 过去完成时 3 shall/will be asked 8 had been asked 过去将来时 将来完成时 4 should/would be asked 9 will/would have been asked 现在进行时 含有情态动词5 am/is/are being asked 1can/must/may be asked 的 0 被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词或情态动词后加not，短语动词的被动态不可漏掉其中介副词。固定结构be going to, used to, have to, had better变为被动态时，只需将其后的动词变为被动态。 如: Trees should not be planted in summer. / The boy was made fun of by his classmates. Newspapers used to be sent here by the little girl. 注 汉语有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构表示。如: It is believed that… It is generally considered that… It is said that… 意 It is well known that… It must be pointed out that… It is supposed that… It is reported that… It must be admitted that… It is hoped that… 事 下面主动形式常表示被动意义:如: The window wants/needs/requires repairing. The book is worth reading twice. 项 The door won’t shut. / The play won’t act. The clothes washes well. / The book sells well. The dish tastes delicious. / Water feels very cold. 下面词或短语没有被动态: leave, enter, reach, become, benefit, cost, equal, contain, last, lack, fit, fail, have, appear, happen, occur, belong to, take place, break out, come about, agree with, keep up with, consist of, have on, lose heart等等 9、数词: 1、分类:数词有基数词和序数词两种。英语的数词可以作句子的主语、宾语、表语和定语。 2、基数词:表示数目的词叫基数词。 1、 英语中常用的基数词有: one 1 two twenty 2 20 three thirteen thirty twenty-three 3 13 30 23 four fourteen forty 4 14 40 five fifteen fifty thirty-five 5 15 50 35 six sixteen sixty 6 16 60 seven seventeen seventy 7 17 70 eight eighteen eighty 8 18 80 nine nineteen ninety 9 19 90 ten one(a) hundred 10 100 eleven one hundred and one 11 101 twelve 12 1000?one(a) thousand,10000? ten thousand,100000?one hundred thousand ,1000000?one million,10000000?ten million, 100000000?one hundred million, consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ iod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past perknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a welleople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the nproblems. We carry29 108?one hundred and eight, 146?one hundred and forty-six, 500?five hundred , 1001?one thousand and one, 1813?one thousand eight hundred and thirteen. 2、[注]:(1)百位与十位之间要加and;十万位和万位,亿位和千万位之间通常也要加and。 (2)英语用千、百万等单位计数,大数字从右向左看, 每隔三位划一逗号,倒数第一 个逗号之前要用thousand,倒数第二个逗号之前要用million,倒数第三的逗号 之前要用billion表示。 (3) hundred、 thousand、 million作数词时,不用复数,前面可以加上one, two, … 等其它数词。用作名词时复数表示“成„上„”,后面必须要有of,前面可以 加上some,many,several等词。如:five hundred(五百), hundreds of(成百上千 的), ten thousand(一万), thousands of(成千上万的), millions of(成百万的) 3、序数词:表示顺序的数词叫序数词。 1、 英语的序数词基本变法: (1) 一般在基数词后加th,(2)-ve结尾的改为-fth,(3)-ty结尾的改为-tieth,(4)熟记特殊 词。 2、序数词如下: stst1 first 21twenty-first ndthnd2 22 second 20twentieth twenty-second rd ththrd3 thirteenth 30 thirtieth 23 twenty-third third 13th thth414 fourteenth 40 fortieth fourth thththth5 15 50 35 fifth fifteenth fiftieth thirty-fifth ththth6 16 60 sixth sixteenth sixtieth ththth7 17 seventeent70 seventieth seventh ththth8 18 h 80 eightieth eighth ththth9 19 eighteenth 90 ninetieth ninth thth10 nineteenth 100 one tenth thst11 undredth 101 one hundred and eleventh th12 first twelfth thth1000?one thousandth, 1000000 ?one millionth., 第703?the seven hundred and third, 第5480?the five thousand four hundred and eightieth. 3、注:(1)两位以上的序数词仅个位数部分用序数词,其余部分仍用基数词。如: thirty-sixth, (2) 使用序数词时一般加定冠词the. 如:I’m in the third grade. (3) 序数词作“几分之几”讲时,有复数形式。如:1/5?one fifth ; 2/3? two thirds ; 4/7? four sevenths ; 1/2? a half ; 1/4?a quarter ; 3/4? three quarters ; 50%? fifty hundredths ( fifty per cent). 4、数词的用法: 1、表示年份:2002: twenty thousand and two ; 1976 : nineteen seventy-six. 2、表示日期: 12月1日: Dec.1st或the first of December;2002年11月8日: Nov. 8th, 2002. 3、表示时刻: 5:15? five fifteen或a quarter past five ; 8:30? eight thirty或half past eight ; 10:45? ten forty-five或a quarter to eleven. 4、表示编号:Room 105?Room one 0 five; Bus No.13?Bus Number Thirteen; P.5?Page Five; Tel.No.7658659?Telephone Number seven-six-five-eight-six-five-nine 5、小数的读法:5.7? five point seven, 0.16 ?zero point one six. 6、“半”的表达: 1/2?half, 半小时?half an hour, 1.5小时?one and a half hours或one hour and a half. 7、序数词前面加the时,表示顺序,加a/an时表示“再一、又一”。如:The third lesson is rather difficult.(第三课相当难)/ Shall we read the text a third time?(我们把课文读第三遍,好吗,) consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines ce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhane a lot of problems. We carryere ar. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a wellle requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benef30 三知识要点: 1. in/on 在表示空间位置时，in表示在某个空间的范围以内，on表示在某一个物体的表面之上。例如: There is a bird in the tree. 树上有只鸟。 There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有张图。 2. this/that/these/those (1)this常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事，these是this的复数形式。that 常常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人更远一点的人和事，those时that的复数形式。例 如: You look in this box and I’ll look in that one over there.你看看这个盒子，我去看那边的那 个盒子。 I want this car, not that car. 我想要这辆小汽车，不是那一辆。 Take these books to his room, please. 请把这些书拿到他房间去。 This is mine; that’s yours. 这个是我的，那个是你的。 These are apples; those are oranges. 这些是苹果，那些是橘子。 (2)在打电话的用语中，this常常指的是我，that常常指的是对方。例如: This is Mary speaking. Who’s that? 我是玛丽。你是谁, 3. There be/ have There be "有"，其确切含意为"某处或某时存在某人或某物。"其结构是:There be + 某人或某物 + 表示地点或时间的状语。There be 后面的名词实际上是主语，be 动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致，be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is，名词是复数时用are。例如: (1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可乐。 (2) There is a doll in the box. 那个盒子里有个娃娃。 (3) There are many apples on the tree. 那树上有许多苹果。 总之，There be结构强调的是一种客观存在的"有"。have表示"拥有，占有，具有"，即:某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主语一般是名词或代词，与主语是所属关系。例如: (4) I have two brothers and one sister.我有两个兄弟，一个姐姐。 (5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四个房间。 4. look/ see/ watch (1)look 表示―看、瞧‖，着重指认真看，强调看的动作，表示有意识地注意看，但不一 定看到，以提醒对方注意。，如: Look! The children are playing computer games. 瞧～孩子们在玩电脑游戏。 Look! What’s that over there? 看～那边那个是什么, 单独使用是不及物动词，如强调看某人/物，其后接介词at，才能带宾语，如: He’s looking at me。他正在看着我。 (2)see强调―看‖的结果，着重的是look这个动作的结果，意思是―看到‖，see是及物动词，后面能直接跟宾语。如: What can you see in the picture? 你能在图上看到什么, Look at the blackboard. What did you see on it?看黑板～你看到了什么, consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ problems. We carryiod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past perknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a welleople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the n31 (3)watch―观看，注视‖，侧重于场面，表示全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事务的活动，强调过程，常用于―看电视、看足球、看演出‖等。如: Yesterday we watched a football match on TV.昨天我们从电视上看了一场足球比赛。 4. put on/ / in put on意为―穿上，戴上‖。主要指―穿上‖这一动作, 后面接表示服装、鞋帽的名词。 in 是介词，表示―穿着‖强调状态。在句中可以做定语、标语和状语。如: It’s cold outside, put on your coat. 外面冷，穿上你的外衣。 He puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上帽子，走了出去。 The woman in a white blouse is John’s mother.穿白色衬衣的那个妇女是John的妈妈。 5. house/ home/family house :―房子‖，指居住的建筑物; Home: ―家‖，指一个人同家人共同经常居住的地方; Family: ―家庭―，―家庭成员‖。例如: Please come to my house this afternoon. 今天下午请到我家来。 He is not at home. 他不在家。 My family all get up early. 我们全家都起得很早。 6. fine, nice, good, well 四者都可用作形容词表示"好"之意，但前三者既可作表语又可作定语，而后者仅用作表语。主要区别在于: (1) fine指物时表示的是质量上的"精细"，形容人时表示的是"身体健康"，也 可以用来指"天气晴朗"。例如: Your parents are very fine. 你父母身体很健康。 That's a fine machine. 那是一台很好的机器。 It's a fine day for a walk today. 今天是散步的好时候。 (2)nice主要侧重于人或物的外表，有"美好"，"漂亮"的意思，也可用于问候或赞扬别 人。例如: Lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很漂亮。 These coats are very nice. 那些裙子很好看。 Nice to meet you. 见到你很高兴。 It's very nice of you. 你真好。 (3)good形容人时指"品德好"，形容物时指"质量好"，是表示人或物各方面都好的普通 用语。例如: Her son is a good student. 她儿子是一个好学生。 The red car is very good. 那辆红色小汽车很好。 (4)well只可用来形容人的"身体好"，但不能作定语，它也能用作副词作状语，多放在 所修饰的动词之后。例如: I'm very well, thanks. 我身体很好，谢谢。 My friends sing well. 我的朋友们歌唱得好。 consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines e a lot of problems. We carryere ar. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a wellle requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhan32 【考点扫描】 中考考点在本单元主要集中在: 1. 动词be的用法; 2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法; 3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法; 4. 冠词的基本用法; 5. There be句型的用法。 6. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型; 7. 本单元学过的日常交际用语。 四综合练习 七年级上册 Units 1,6 基础巩固 一、单项选择。 1(The underlined part in the word “watches” is pronounced as ________.(2013～宜宾) A(/es/ B(/z/ C(/s/ D(/iz/ 2(—I like reading. —Me too.I especially like the ________ written by J(K.Rowling.(2013～温州) A(homework B(numbers C(movies D(books 3(—What do you usually have for ________ breakfast? —A piece of bread and ________ egg.(2013～天津) A(a;an B(不填;the C(a;the D(不填;an 4(—Bill，what's your sister's favorite ________, —She likes volleyball best.(2012～重庆) A(food B(color C(sport D(movie 5(—Jim，can you ________ these books to Mary? —All right. A(take B(bring C(let D(put 6(—Must I go to medical school and be a doctor like you，Dad? —No，you ________，son.You're free to make your own decision.(2013～上海) A(can't B(mustn't C(shouldn't D(needn't 7(—What's your ________ name，please? —Robert Thomas Brown.You can call me Robert.(2011～金华) A(family B(given C(first D(full consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ problems. We carryiod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past perknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a welleople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the n33 8(Han Han is very popular among the teenagers.We all like ________.(2012～淮安) A(him B(he C(his D(himself 9(We forgot to bring our tickets，but please let us enter，________,(2012～乐山) A(do you B(shall we C(will you D(won't you 10(—I'm very sorry.I broke your tea cup. —________.(2013～武汉) A(It doesn't matter B(You'd better not C(Take it easy D(It's too bad 二、单词拼写。 根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写。 11(Eating more t________(西红柿) is good for our health. 12(Jack doesn't like math.Because it's d________(难的)( 13(Please don't forget to b________(带来) your homework tomorrow. 14(Sun Yang usually s________(游泳) more than 15 kilometers every day. 15(Susan plays the piano very w________(好)( 16(It was i________(有趣的)to be in a different environment. 17(We need to eat some h________(健康的)food. 18(Please a________(回答)my questions one by one. 19(It s________(听起来)like a good idea. (How do you k________(知道)her name? 20 能力提升 三、补全对话。 从方框中选择合适的选项补全对话。其中有两项多余。A:Good morning， Madam.21.________ B:Yes，I'm afraid I left my handbag on a taxi this morning. A:22.________ B:About 5，000 dollars. A(Yes，it's mine. A:23.________ B(Anything else? B:Yes，my ID card，I think. C(That's all right. A:What's your name? D(What about the ID card? B:Betty White. E(Just a moment. A:24.________Is this your handbag? F(What's in your handbag? B:That's right. G(May I help you? A:The taxi driver found it and brought it here. B:Oh，thank you so much. A:25.________ 四、完形填空。(2013～福州) 阅读下面短文 ，从各题所给的三个选项中选出最佳选项。 Lillian Hanson，a college student，expects to graduate in about two years.What makes Mrs.Hanson different from her classmates in her __26__—73 years old.She has been studying at college，a few courses at a time，for 27 years. When Lillian Hanson graduated from high school，she went to the __27__ to borrow money consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines -it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a wellle requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhane a lot of problems. We carryere ar. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi34 for further education.The banker gave her __28__ encouragement.He didn't think that a country girl should borrow money to go to college.He thought she should be __29__ doing housework or should work on the farm.__30__ Lillian Hanson went home and raised a family of nine children instead of going to college. Mrs.Hanson __31__ forgot the dream of getting higher education.When the children had grown up，she __32__ again and succeeded.In the class on her first day，when she introduced 33__ why she was there and what her aims were，all the other students __34__ to herself and __ give her a warm welcome. Mrs. Hanson finds that the __35__part of going back to school at her age is sitting in class for long periods of time.However，she often says she will stick to her dream no matter how difficult it is. 26(A.age B(interest C(accent 27(A.club B(school C(bank 28(A.much B(no C(a little 29(A.at college B(at home C(in the office 30(A.After B(But C(So 31(A.never B(already C(often 32(A.stopped B(tried C(refused 33(A.regretted B(guessed C(explained 34(A.stood up B(ran away C(broke out (A.best B(hardest C(easiest 35 五、阅读理解。(2013～西宁) When your dream is to become a footballer～nothing should get in your way—even if you have no feet. Gabriel Muniz～an 11?year?old Brazilian kid～was born without feet.Although his family thought he would have serious difficulties living a normal life～he started walking before he was one year old.His mother would go after him～expecting him to keep falling～but he never fell.It took him a while to make the jump from walking to playing football～but he did make it.In fact～ there's nothing he loves more than playing football.In his school～the skillful youngster is not only the best player in his school team but also the captain of his gym team. He knows that his disability means he'll never be able to play for a professional football team.So Gabriel is hoping that football will one day become a Paralympics sport.He proved (证明) to everyone there he could go head to head with any other boy.Watching him play is unbelievable.He's very skilled and he does everything he can to copy his idol (偶像)—Messi so much that he is invited to go to Spain to meet his idol and show his talent in the Barcelona Football Club. His coach says he is proving the disability only excists (存在) inside our heads and he is challenging the social norms( 36(What's wrong with Gabriel Muniz? A(He can't see and hear anything. B(He always gives trouble to his family. C(He was born without feet. D(He often argues with his partners. 37(According to the passage we can know that Gabriel Muniz ________. consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ problems. We carryiod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past perknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a welleople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the n35 A(thinks others laugh at him B(is a professional football player C(prefers playing for a club D(is a skillful football player 38(In the passage the underlined word “norms” has the same meaing of ________. A(disadvantage B(habit rule D(progress C( 39(Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A(The boy's family was surprised that he could walk well. B(The boy wants to play football in the Paralympics. C(The boy has too much difficulty living a normal life. D(His coach has noticed the boy's hard job and talent. 40(What is the best title of the passage? A(The Power of the Dream B(The Most Popular Sports C(A Disability Boy and His Idol D(Practice Makes Perfect 六、书面表达。 假如你叫王明，是九年级(1)班的学生，于10月10日晚上在校图书馆拾到一个书包， 内有一本词典和一个计算器，还有一块手表。请失主到九年级(1)班来拿或与你电话联系， 联系电话为:68863321。 根据以上提示，请用英语写一则招领启事。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines e a lot of problems. We carryere ar. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a wellle requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhan36 七年级上册 Units 7,12 一、单项选择。 1(Perhaps the famous football star won't play ________ football any longer.(2013～上海) A(a B(an C(the D(/ 2(My friend Jenny often helps ________ with ________ English.(2013～宜宾) A(I;me B(me;my my;me D(I;my C( 3(—I'll have a tennis game tomorrow.I'm a little bit nervous. —Believe in ________.You are the best in our club.(2013～温州) A(herself B(myself C(yourself D(himself 4(—I want to see the movie Iron Man 3(《钢铁侠3》)(Do you know the ________ of the ticket? —Yes.Five dollars.(2013～台州) A(number B(price C(kind D(name 5(—What's your favorite ________, —Physics.It's interesting and useful.(2012～南充) A(job B(vegetable C(fruit D(subject 6(Our teachers are very strict ________ us.(2012～南充) A(with B(to C(on D(in 7(—Can you ride a horse? —No，I ________.(2011～北京) A(needn't B(may not C(can't D(mustn't 8(There are ________ months in a year.The ________ month of the year is December. A(twelve;twelve B(twelve;twelfth C(twelfth;twelve D(twelfth;twelfth 9(My friend，Henry was born ________ June 10，1997.(2012～重庆) A(in B(on C(at D(for 10(—Do you know ________, consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ problems. We carryiod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past perknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a welleople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the n37 —Next Sunday.(2011～湖州) A(what they will do B(where they will go C(when they will come here D(who they will meet 二、单词拼写。 根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写。 11(Lisa works in a department store.Her job is to s________ (卖)shoes. 12(—What's the d________ (日期)today? —It's September 7th. 13(The house is so expensive for Li Xin that she can't a________(买得起) it. 14(Stephen Hawking can't walk or even speak，b________(但是) he has become very successful. 15(—I don't know some new words. —Well，you can look them up in the d________(字典)( 16(I wonder why the company keeps its p________(价格)so low. 17(Thank you for doing everything possible to h________(帮助)me. 18(My mother often t________(告诉)me many interesting things when I was young. 19(My favorite s________(科目)is math. 20(It is boring to l________(听)to the same story. 能力提升 三、完形填空。(2013～成都) In America，the school day usually starts at 9 am and finishes at about 4 pm.The school subjects __21__ different from ours.In china，we always __22__Chinese，math，English，P.E.and so on.But in America，students have more __23__，such as cooking and driving lessons.Their school life isn't just __24__study.They have __25__things to do than the Chinese students do.There are many clubs in America schools，too.If the students are __26__in sports，they can join different sports clubs.American students also have art clubs，language clubs and some __27__clubs.From 2:30pm to 4pm，they do __28__things in different clubs. Maybe you think English is very popular in the world，so America students don't need to learn any other language.__29__ that's not true.America children from the age of seven __30__ learn a foreign language.For example，they learn French or Chinese. 21(A.is B(are C(were 22(A.have B(think C(had 23(A.clubs B(sports C(lessons 24(A.about B(over C(down 25(A.much B(more C(many 26(A.interest B(interested C(interesting 27(A.other B(another C(others 28(A.impossible B(dangerous C(different 29(A.Because B(So C(But 30(A.have to B(don't have to C(had to 四、阅读理解。(2013～吉林) consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines ce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhane a lot of problems. We carryere ar. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a wellle requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benef38 From Mum，4:08 pm Dear Alice，I won't be back in time to take you to the piano class.I have asked Emily's mum for help.She'll come to pick you up at 5:00.Please be ready and remember your things. From Stephen，5:20 pm Peter，we're outside the cinema.We want to know if you're going to be late and we'll wait and watch the next film.If you're not coming，we'll go in now. From Mum，3:32 pm Natasha，Jane phoned you.She's lost her notes she took in class about the history homework and wants to borrow your notes.She can come here later for them if that's OK. From Monica，9:56 am Hi，Anna.Have you remembered about the camping trip,We have to tell the organizer tomorrow if we're interested and I want to know if you plan to go. 根据以上手机短信内容，选择正确的答案。 31(Alice will ________ at 5:00. A(go to Emily's house B(go to the piano class C(wait for her mum D(be ready for dinner 32(Peter should tell Stephen ________( A(which film he likes best where they can wait for him B( C(if he is going to be late D(how he can get to the cinema 33(Jane hopes to ________( A(come to Natasha's house to do homework with her B(come to Natasha's study history with her C(borrow the history homework from Natasha D(borrow the notes about the history homework from Natasha 34(If you were Anna，what would you write back to Monica? A(Thanks for reminding me of the trip～I would like to take part in it! B(Why not meet me the day after tomorrow,Let's talk about it then. C(Sure～Come and get them in the afternoon! D(Sorry，my grandpa is coming so I can't go dancing with you. 35(Who received the message in the morning? A(Alice. B(Peter. C(Natasha. D(Anna. 五、书面表达。(2013～聊城) 假如今天(5月22日)，你(张楠)因病不能上学，所以给王老师(Mr Wang)写个请假条，要 求请假三天，并附上医生证明(enclose a doctor's certificate)。注意:请假条中的部分内容已给 出。 Leave ________ consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ problems. We carryiod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past perknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a welleople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the n39 Dear Mr.Wang， ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ I enclose a doctor's certificate. ________ Zhang Nan 第1讲 七年级(上) Units 1,6 一，单项选择 1-5 DDDCA 6-10 DDACA 二，填空 11 tomato 12difficult 13 bring 14 swim 15 well 16 interesting 17 healthy 18 answer 19 sounds 20 know -25 GFDEC 三，补全对话 21 四，完型 26-30 ACBBC 31-35 ABCAB 五，阅读 36-40 CDCCA 第2讲 七年级(上) Units 7,12 一，单项选择 1-5 DBCBD 6-10 BCBAC 二，填空 11 sell 12 date 13 afford 14 but 15 dictionary 16 price 17 help 18 tell 19 subject 20 listen 三，完型 26-30BACAB 31-35 BACCA 四，阅读 36-40 BCDAD consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines e a lot of problems. We carryere ar. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a wellle requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhan40 初一英语上册测试 一. 单项填空 1. ---What colour is the bike? ---It’s _______ orange. A. an B. a C. / D. the 2. That isn’t her bag. It’s ________. A. my B. I C. mine D. me 3. ---Oh, your kite is very nice. ---__________________. A. That’s right B. No, it’s not nice C. Yes, it is D. Thank you 4. The woman is sixty, but she _______ young. A. is B. sees C. looks D. watches 5. It’s time ________ lunch. Let’s go home. A. to B. in C. for D. on 6. ---________ is your coat? ---The black one. A. What B. Where C. Which D. How 7. ---________ is the toy? ---It’s on the bed. A. Who B. Where C. What D. Whose 8. The shoes are too old. Put ________ over there. A. it B. they C. their D. them 9. Excuse me. Can you _______ my watch, please? A. look B. look like C. look after D. look at 10. Look _______ the blackboard and listen _______ the teacher. A. / / B. at; to C. after; / D. on; after 11. ---Whose dress is this? ---It’s _________. A. Lucy B. Lucy’s C. Jim D. Jim’s 12. The girl ______ the purple coat is his sister. A. at B. in C. on D. with 13. There is a bird ______ the tree. consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ known city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a welleople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the nproblems. We carryiod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past per41 A. in B. on C. to D. of 14. There are many ________ in our school. A. woman teachers B. woman teacher C. women teacher D. women teachers 15. ---Is there a ball under the desk? ---______________________. A. Yes, it is B. Yes, there’s C. No, there isn’t D. No, there is 16. There _______ some books and a pencil on the desk. A. am B. is C. are D. be 17. ---Let me help you. ---_______________. A. You’re welcome B. Thanks very much C. Don’t worry D. Yes, thanks 18. ______ old man is ______ English teacher. A. The; an B. An; an C. The; the D. A; a 19. ---What _____ five plus six? ---It’s eleven. A. am B. is C. are D. / 20. ---What ______ you see in the picture? ---I can see some flowers. A. must B. can C. are D. do 二. 完形填空 This is a picture of Kat’s ____1____. What can we ____2_____ in the picture? Look ____3____ it, please. The man ____4____ the black coat is Kate’s father, Mr. Green. The ____5____ in the red sweater is Mrs. Green. They ____6____ young. The baby is Kate. The little boy is Kate’s ____7_____, Jim. ___8____ the man behind Mrs. Green? Oh, he’s ____9___ brother, Mr. Read. He ____10____ young, too. 1. A. families B. family C. parents D. brothers 2. A. look B. do C. see D.put 3. A. at B. after C. for D. up 4. A. on B. of C. in D. to 5. A. man B. girl C. women D. woman 6. A. are B. is C. look like D. looking 7. A. sister B. brother C. father D. aunt 8. A. What’s B. Where’s C. Who’s D. How is 9. A. his B. her C. our D. their 10. A. looks B. am C. look D. very 三. 在B栏中找出A栏英语句子的正确答语 (A) (B) 1. How are you? A. I am in Row 6. 2. Can you spell it, please? B. Fine, thank you. 3. How do you do? C. Yes, b-o-o-k, book. 4. What row are you in? D. It is ten. consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines ere ar. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a wellle requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhane a lot of problems. We carry42 5. What’s two plus eight? E. Nice to meet you, too. 6. Nice to meet you. F. I am 14. 7. How old are you? G. Wang Ping is. 8. Who’s not here? H. It’s here. 9. Where is the bag? I. It’s a book. 10. What is this in English? J. How do you do? 四. 完成对话:在对话后面的句子中选出正确的填入空白处 Jim: Excuse me, Ann. Whose black dog is this? Is it yours? Ann: Let me have a look.________1_______. I think it’s Sam’s. My dog is brown. Jim: Sam, look at the dog behind the tree.________2__________? Sam: Sorry, it isn’t mine. My dog is black and white. I think it looks like Mary’s. Jim: _____________3______________? Sam: She’s my friend. Look! She’s over there. Let’s go and ask her. Jim: _______________4_______________. Sam: Hi, Mary! Is that dog yours? Mary: _______________5_______________. Sam: It’s a lovely dog! Don’t lose it! Mary: Yes, thank you. A. Who’s Mary B. OK, let’s go C. Oh, no it’s not mine D. Oh, yes. It’s mine E. Is it yours 五. 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. ________ (He) pen is in ______ (I) pencil-box. 2. ________ (You) shoes ________ (be) under the bed. 3. ________ (Who) new ruler is this? 4. ---Are these trousers _______ (you)? ---No, they aren’t ________ (we) 5. It’s time ________ (go) and play games. 6. This is my pen. Please give it to ________ (I). 7. I have two ________ (baby). 8. Look! That is a ________ (China) car. 9. It is __________ (my teacher) sweater. 10. Now her ________ ( parent) are in America. 六. 阅读理解 (A) Bob was born in a big and rich family. His father is a university professor. He teaches American history. His mother is a very capable woman. She is the manager of a big company. She earns a lot of money, of course. Bob has two sisters and a brother. His elder sister, Jenny, is fourteen. She studies in a middle school. His younger sister, Ann, is ten. She studies in a private primary school. She has a very good memory. She is clever. His younger brother, Dick, is only six. He has just started going to school. Bob gets on well with his family. He is on good terms not only with his parents, but also with his sisters and brother. (have a friendly relationship with sb.) He is, consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ problems. We carryiod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past perknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a welleople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the n43 in a word, an apple in their eyes. 根据短文的内容，判断下列句子的正误:正确地答―A‖，错误的答―B‖。 1. Bob was born in a small and rich family. 2. He has two brothers and a sister. 3. There are five people in his family. 4. Dick is only six. He studies in a private primary school. 5. ―He is an apple in their eyes‖ means ―They love him very much‖. (B) Look at the clothes line in the twins' bedroom. There are some clothes on it. You can see a green blouse and a yellow skirt. The trousers on the clothes line are black. They are not new but clean. Are they Lily's clothes? No. I know they are Lucy's. Lily's clothes are on a clothes tree near the window. Her trousers are brown, her blouse is white and her skirt is blue. There is a new hat on the clothes tree, but it's not Lily's, it's Lucy's. There is an old hat on Lucy's bed in the room, it's Lily's. There are no clothes on the other bed, the bed is Lily's. 1. What can you see in the bedroom? I can see __________. A. a clothes line B. a tree C. a bed 2. What colour are Lucy's trousers? They are ________. A. green B. black C. brown 3. Where is Lucy's hat? It's on _________. A. the clothes tree B. the clothes line C. lily's bed 4. How many beds are there in the room? ________. A. only one B. three C. two 5. Are there any things on Lily's bed? ________. A. Yes, there is a hat on it B. No, there is not anything on it C. Sorry, I don't know (C) It's a fine Sunday morning. Ann and her mother are in a big bus. There are many people in it. Some of them come from America, and some come from England and Canada. They are all their friends. They are going to the Great Wall. There are two Chinese in the bus. One is woman. She is driving the bus. The other is a young man. He speaks good English. He is now talking about the Great Wall. The other people are all listening to him. They like the Great Wall. They want to see it very much. 1. Ann and mother are going to the Great Wall __________. A. by bike B. by car C. by plane D. by bus 2. There are __________. A. only one Chinese in the bus B. only two Chinese in the bus C. only two Chinese on the bike D. only one Chinese in the car consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines le requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhane a lot of problems. We carryere ar. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a well44 3. The driver is __________. A. a man B. a woman C. a Canadian D. an American 4. The people __________. A. are singing B. are talking C. are listening D. are looking at the wall 5. They __________. A. can see the Great Wall B. can speak English very well. C. want to talk with the man very much D. want to see the Great Wall very much 专题练习: (1)There be 练一练:用恰当的be动词填空。 1) There ______ four seasons in a year. 2) There ______not any trees two years ago. 3) - ______there a post office near your school? -Yes, there ______. 4) -How many stops ______there? -There______only one. 5) There ______not any stamps on the envelope. 6) ______ there any birds in the tree? 7) There______ a shopping centre near our school last year. But now there______ no one. 8) There ______only three of us: my dad, my mum and me. 9) In New York, there ______ a lot of rain in spring. consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ problems. We carryiod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past perknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a welleople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the n45 (2)代词 1填空: am a 14-year-old girl, name is Jane. Look, this photo is . father is a teacher. works in a primary school. students all love . mother is a doctor. works in a hospital. both love jobs. I have a happy family. Do you have a family photo ? Please talk about . 2练一练: 1)、按要求写出相应人称代词。 I(宾格)_______ she(形容词性物主代词)_______ we(名词性物主代词)_______ he(复数)_______ us(单数)_______ theirs(主格)_______ its(宾格)_______ 2)、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1)That is not _______ kite. That kite is very small, but _______ is very big. (I) 2)The dress is _________. Give it to _________. (she) 3)Is this _________ watch? ( you ) No, it’s not _________. (I) 4)_____ is my brother. _____ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _____. (he) 5)_________ dresses are red. ( we ) What colour are _________? (you) 6)Show _________ your kite, OK? (they) 7)I have a beautiful cat. _______name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. (it) 8)Are these _____ tickets? No, _____ are not _____. _____ aren’t here. (they) 9)Shall ______ have a look at that classroom? That is _______ classroom. (we) 10)______ is my aunt. Do you know _______ job? _________is a nurse. (she) 11)Where are _____? I can’t find ______. Let’s call _______ parents. (they) 12)Don’t touch ________. _________is not a cat, _________ is a tiger! (it) 13)_________ sister is ill. Please go and see _________. (she) 14)The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she) consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines ce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhane a lot of problems. We carryere ar. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a wellle requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benef46 3)some和any的专练 some用于肯定句;any用于否定句和一般疑问句。 请注意看下列例句后扩号中说明的用法。 There is some water in the glass. (肯定句) There are some flowers in the garden. (肯定句) There aren’t any lamps in the study.(否定句) Are there any maps on the wall?(一般疑问句) Would you like some orange juice? (希望得到肯定回答) Do you want to take any photos at the party? (一般疑问句) 练一练:选用some或any填空。 1) There isn’t ______milk in the fridge. 2) I can see______cars, but I can’t see______buses. 3) He has ______ friends in England. 4) Were there ______fruit trees on the farm? 5) Here are ______presents for you. 6) Does Tom want to take ______ photos? 7) Is there______rice in the kitchen? 8) There are______new buildings in our school. 9)-Would you like______ cakes? -No, I’d not like ______cakes, but I’d like ______coffee. 10) -Are there______pictures on the wall? -No, there aren’t ______pictures. 4)单项选择。 A 1(—Is this your notebook? —No，it isn't.Ask Bill.He is looking for ________.(2012～宁波) A(mine B(yours C(hers D(his consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ problems. We carryiod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past perknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a welleople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the n47 2(My cousins have collected stamps for two years.They have ________ stamps from different countries.(2012～温州) A(a few B(many C(much D(little 3(I have lived in New York and London but I don't like ____ city.I like Sydney.(2012～绍兴) A(another B(either C(neither D(any 4(You have just read the newspaper.Did you find ________ in it,(2013～益阳) A(interesting anything B(anything interesting C(interesting something 5(—Which of the two subjects do you like，art or music? —________.They are really interesting.(2013～陕西) A(Neither B(Both C(None D(All 6Mom，I'm old enough to wash _ own clothes and _.You can have a rest after work.(13兰州) A(my;your B(my;yours C(your;my D(yours;mine 7(—Would you like ________ to eat? —No，thanks.(2013～广安) A(something B(Anything C(nothing D(everything 8(—Everyone should learn to say “I love you” to their parents often. —I think so.________ in life is more important than family.(2013～宜昌) A(Something B(Everything C(Anything D(Nothing 9(I don't have a present for my friend.What if ________ else brings a present,(2013～青岛) A(anybody B(nobody C(everyone D(none 10(The song I Believe I can Fly tells us that believing in ___ is very important.(2013～潍坊) A(themselves B(Itself C(ourselves D(yourselves 11(—Wow～You've got so many clothes. —But ________ of them are in fashion now.(2013～扬州) A(all B(both C(neither D(none 12(—Who has a dictionary，children? —I have ________.(2013～白银) A(them B(it C(they D(One B 1. Show your watch ______ me. ______ is slow. A) to, Mine B) to, My C) for, Mine D) for, My 2. ______ do you like ______, the summer holidays or the winter holidays? A) What, better B) What, best C) Which, better D) Which, best 3. She wrote a letter and enclosed a photo of _____ taken in her housing estate. A) herself B) her C) her’s D) myself 4. She told Jack, Tom and me to _____ among _____. A) talk it over, us B) talk over it, us C) talk it over, ourselves D) talk over it, ourselves 5. I’ll do it by myself. I won’t need _____ help. consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines e a lot of problems. We carryere ar. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a wellle requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhan48 A) anyone’s else B) anyone else’s C) anyone others’ D) other anyone’s 6. I heard _____ until my friend told me about it. A) everything B) something C) nothing D) anything 7. Would you like _____ more bread, Jack? A) any B) another C) little D) a little 8. Only one student got the right answer. But _____ didn’t. A) the other B) another C) others D) the rest 9. He doesn't think _____ of them will go there with you. A) none B) some C) many D) much 10. The film is dull and _____ people like it. A) a few B) few C) a little D) little 11. Have you all _____? A) got ready everything B) got everything ready for C) got everything ready D) got ready for everything 12. Help _____ to some sweets, everyone. A) yourselves B) your own C) yourself D) by yourself 13. He has six uncles. Five of them are doctors and _____ is a driver. A) another B) the sixth C) other D) the other 14. Believe or not, I did it all by _______. A) me B) us C) myself D) ourselves 15. A: Are these two books yours ? B: No, _____ of them is mine. A) either B) none C) both D) neither 16. Neither of the twins _____ the toy train. A) like B) likes C) is like D) are like (3)名词单复数和所有格 A 1(Please pick me up at the ________.My plane arrives at 8:00 am. A(hotel B(airport C(museum D(theater consciousness.-omote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfan the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectively enhance the prt, thgrasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp the developmenthe local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to grasp the development, omy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to the development ofintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines the city's reputation, reflects the openness of econ iod of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, there are a lot of ty and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demand. In the past perknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more environmental health, travel more convenient, living more safe-, "a city makes life better" has become a welleople"ent. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefit of the pational civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhance the public happiness index of inevitable requiremQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the nproblems. We carry49 2(—Oh，dear～There isn't enough ________ for us in the lift. —No hurry.Let's wait for the next. A(floor B(seat C(room D(ground 3(It's your ________ as a teacher to protect your students. A(duty B(hobby C(habit D(manner 4(He was born in Italy，but he has made China his ________.(2013～河南) A(family B(address C(house D(home 5(—Which room does Tom live in,(2013～大庆) —Sorry，I can't remember his room ________. A(address B(number C(size D(style 6(—What ________ are those sweaters? —They are yellow.(2013～漳州) A(color B(size C(shape D(materials 7(—It's a wise ________ to wear the white tie.It matches your shirt well. —Thank you very much.(2013～连云港) A(choice B(support C(mixture D(honour 8(The food safety is a serious _______ in our country.We should try to solve it.(2013～泰安) A(subject B(program C(problem D(opinion 9(—Look at my stamps.(2013～天津) —They are beautiful～You've got a wonderful . A(instruction B(description C(collection D(expression 10(—Someone called you just now. —I know.But I was busy at that moment.When I called back，there was no ___.(2013～黄冈) A(voice B(sound C(answer D(result 11(—How far is your cousin's home from here? —It's about two ________ ride.(2013～随州) A(hour's B(hours C(hours' D(hour 12(—What kind of porridge would you like，Alice? —I would like ________.(2013～贺州) A(egg porridge B(eggs porridge C(fish porridges D(fishes porridge B1. He has got _____ to tell you. A) a good news B) some news C) a lot news D) many news 2. It’s seven o’clock. _____ are sitting at table. A) Mr. Greens B) The Green's C) The Greens D) Greens 3. Your brother is the same ______ mine. A) old as B) age as C) old like D) age like 4. Our bodies need food to give us ______. consciousness.-ance the promote the comprehensive improvement of the initiative and selfly enhe development, than the development is than the environment consciousness, consciously in global test and planning, effectiveevelopment, grasp to create philosophy is to grasp the livelihood of the people" and "to grasp the environment is to grasp ththe d he development of the local acceleration. The city at all levels of the door must strengthen the "grasp to create is to graspthe city's reputation, reflects the openness of economy and society, affects the general public's trust, is also related to tintangible capital. Good or bad for the environment, directly determines e a lot of problems. We carryere ar. In the past period of time, a city office organization of the masses, many people reflect our city traffic, city living, thronmental health, travel more convenient, living more safety and life more comfortable, has become the people's urgent demandknown city development concept. We are looking forward to more envi-it of the people", "a city makes life better" has become a wellle requirement. In recent years, "let the civilization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, let a city for the benefce the public happiness index of inevitabQuestionnaire (a) to carry out the creation of the national civilized city outstanding comprehensive remediation, is to enhan50