[试题]UML期末考试复习资料

[试题]UML期末考试复习资料 UML期末考试复习资料 (ps:打#为期中考试试题) 1.选择题(20’) 共十题 每题2分 见书本 2.名词解释(25’)共五题 每题五分 #Object-orientation: ( 面向对象) it means that we organize software as a collection of discrete objects that incorporate both data structure and behavior. Object: ( 对象)an object is a concept, abstraction, or thing with identity that has meaning for an application. Class: (类) a class describes a group of objects with the same properties, behavior, kinds of relationships and semantics. Superclass: (父类)holds common attributes operations and associations. Subclass: (子类) add specific attributes, operations and associations. Encapsulation: (封装) separates the external aspects of an object that are accessible to other objects, from the internal implementation details that are hidden from other objects. Inheritance: (继承) is the mechanim for sharing attributes, operations, and associations via the generalization/specialization relationship. Polymorphism: (多样性) polymorphism means that the same operation may behave differently for different classes. Link: (链接) a link is a physical or conceptual connection among object. Association: (关联) an association is a description of connection among classes. #Generalization:(泛化) is the relationship between a class (the superclass) and one or more variations of the class (the subclasses). Aggregation: (聚合) aggregation is a special form of association in which an aggregate object is made of constituent parts. Composition: (组合) composition is a form of aggregation with two additional constrains. Multiple inheritance: (多重继承) it permits a class to have more than one superclass and to inherit feature from all parent. Abstract Class: (抽象类) is a class that has no direct instance but whose descendant classes have direct instances. Concrete Class: (具体类) is a class that is instantiable; It can have direct instance. Concurrency: (并发) objects are autonomous entities that can act change state independent of one another. Event: (事件) an event is an occurrence at a point time. #Use case: (用例) a use case is a coherent piece of functionality that a system can provide by interacting with actors. Guard condition: (守卫条件) a guard condition is a Boolean expression that must be true in order for a transition to occur. #Lifeline: (生命线) Lifelines represent either roles or object instances that participate in the sequence being modeled. Lifelines are drawn as a box with a dashed line descending from the center of the bottom edge. The lifeline's name is placed inside the box. A life line illustrates what is happening to an object in a chronological fashion. #Swimlane: (泳道) Activity diagrams provide another ability, to clarify which actor performs which activity. Placing an activity within a particular swimlane indicates that it is performed by a person or persons within the organization. 3.填空题(15’)共十五空 , There are three software life cycle modeling: waterfall model, interactive model, incremental-interactive model. , #we find it useful to model a system from three related but different viewpoints, class model, state model, interaction model, each capturing important aspects of the system, but all required for a complete description. , #UML has nine diagrams: use case diagram, sequence diagram, activity diagram, class diagram, object diagram, state diagram, component diagram, communicate diagram, deployment diagram. , An object is an instance of a class. The objects in a class have the same attributes and forms of behavior. , An association class is used to model an association as a class. , #a do-activity is an activity that continues for an extended time and it can only occur within a state and cannot be attached to a transition. , Entry-activity describe the activity of enter the state. , Exit-activity describe the activity of one state is instead of another. , #a use case has three elements: actor, use case, system boundary. 4.画图 (40’)共四题 # 1. Prepare a classes diagram some information for modeling 1) students is undergraduate or graduate 2) undergraduate is tutor 3) a tutor instruct one student 4) teacher and professor are two kinds of instructor 5) Teacher assistant can assist one teacher and one professor. One teacher only can have five teacher assistants. 6) Teacher assistant is a kind of graduate TutorStudentInstructor UnderGraduateGraduateTeacherProfessor 110..10..4 TeacherAssistant #2. Draw a state diagram for a digital watch. There are two buttons on the watch called the ModeButton and the IncButton; pressing either of these generates an event, which may cause a transition between two states. There are three states called Display, Set Hours and Set Minutes. Display is the start state, indicated by the arrow from the black dot. In the Set Hours state, event ModeButton causes a transition to the Set Minutes state, whereas event IncButton causes the action Increase Hours to occur (with no state change). #3.consider a management system of student grade: 1) Teacher can use this system to input and up date the students’ grade. 2) System administrator can generate report cards according the student’s grade. 3) Teacher can use the system to distribute report cards. 4) System permits teachers and students to view the grades. Please draw a use diagram for the system. systemdistribute <>save gradesrecord gradesteacher <> <>load gradesupdate grades logon view grades <> generate report cards administratorstudent #4.please draws a sequence for the view grades. There are three work flows: 1) Teacher view grades successfully 2) Teachers try to view a student’s grades. But the student does not exist in the grading system. 3) Teacher tries to view a student’s grades. But the student’s grade does not exist in the grading system. Ps: 考试主要考察类图，用例图，顺序图和状态图这四类图的掌握。 除期中考试的试题外还需要看看PPT上的例题～ 5. Consider the purchase of gasoline from an electronic gasoline pump. Electronic gasoline pump <> purchase car washpurchase gas <><>Customer pay credit card insidepay credit card outside Cashier 6. CreatNew ExitText Deleted OpenText InputText CleanWritting SaveText Saved CreatNew pushR 7. ex. of a state diagram for an automobile automatic transmission. pushN NeutralReverse pushN pushF Forward stop upshift upshift downshift downshift FirstSecondThird 8. Prepare a class diagram for car loans. A person may have more than one company as employers. Cars may be owned by persons, companies, or banks. A car loan may be involved in purchase of a car.