浅析目前绿色建材的技术性能及应用情况中英文

浅析目前绿色建材的技术性能及应用情况中英文Technical performance and application of green building materials 绿色建材是指采用清洁生产工艺和技术,不用或少用天然资源和能源,大量使用工农业或城市固态废弃物生产的无毒害、无污染、放射性水平低,达到使用周期后可回收利用的建筑材料。由于绿色建材具有很多传统材料所不具有的优良特点,在实际工程中具有非常广阔的应用前景。 Green building materials refers to the use of cleaner production processes and technologies, without or with less natural resources and energy, extensive use of industry and agriculture and city solid waste production without poisoning, no pollution, radioactive level is low, to use cycle can be building materials recycling. The green building materials with excellent characteristics of many traditional materials do not have, has a very broad application prospects in practical engineering. 一、绿色建材的技术性能 Technical performance of a, green building materials 绿色建材与传统的建材相比,绿色建材具有以下几点优越性:其一,其生产所用原料尽可能少用天然资源、大量使用尾渣、垃圾、废液等废弃物,已达到节约不可再生资源,实现可持续发展的目标。 Compared with the traditional building materials and green building materials, green building materials has the following advantages: first, the production of raw materials used as little as possible the use of natural resources, extensive use of tailings, waste, waste water, waste, has to save non-renewable resources, achieve the goal of sustainable development. 其二,绿色建材的设计是以改善生产环境、提高生活质量为宗旨,即绿色建材不仅不损害人体健康还应有益于人体健康,同时产品的功能应具有多样性,如防火、抗菌、灭菌、防霉、除臭、隔热、阻燃、调温、调湿、消磁、防射线、抗静电、抗辐射等性能。 Second, the design of green building materials is to improve the production environment, improve the quality of life for the purpose, namely, green building 1 materials not only does not harm human health should also be beneficial to human health, and the function of the product should have diversity, such as fire, antibacterial, sterilization, deodorization, mildew, heat insulation, flame retardant, temperature, humidity, degaussing ray, prevent, antistatic, radiation performance. 其三,绿色建材在生产过程中采用低能耗制造工艺和对环境污染小的生产技术,在产品配制或生产过程中不使用甲醛、卤化物溶剂或芳香族碳氢化合物等易释放对人体有毒的物质,产品中也不得使用含有铅、镉、铬、汞及其化合物制成的颜料、添加剂和制品。其四,绿色建材可循环、回收利用,无污染废弃物,不会造成二次污染。 Third, green building materials in the production process with low energy consumption process and small pollution to the environment of the production technology, in product mix or formaldehyde, halide solvents or aromatic hydrocarbons, the production process does not use easy release of toxic substances in the human body, the product does not use contain lead, cadmium, chromium, mercury and its compound pigments, additives and products. Fourth, green building materials can be recycled, recycling, no waste, will not cause pollution two. 目前由其优良性能开发出来的种类主要包括以下几种:其一,绿色新型墙体材料。绿色新型墙体材料具有减轻墙体自重、节约资源、节能、施工效率高等优点。主要是通过利用工业废渣生产新型墙体建材。如利用煤渣、矿渣、煤研石、粉煤灰等制作砖或砌块粉煤灰还可用于加气混凝土、轻质墙板的生产。利用工业废渣生产新型建材不仅减少环境污染和资源浪费,而且还可以收到很好的经济效果。 At present by its excellent performance developed types mainly include the following: first, green new wall material. Green new wall material can reduce weight, saving resources, energy saving wall, construction and high efficiency. Is mainly through the use of the production of new wall building materials industrial waste. Such as the use of coal cinder, slag, coal gangue, fly ash production of brick or block of fly ash can also be used for aerated concrete, lightweight wallboard production. The production of new building materials industrial waste can reduce environmental pollution and waste of resources, but also can receive good economic results. 其二,绿色新型防水建筑材料。防水问题一直以来就是建筑物尤其是居民建筑重点关注的问题,近年来人们对防水材料的性能的 要求 对教师党员的评价套管和固井爆破片与爆破装置仓库管理基本要求三甲医院都需要复审吗 越来越高,因此防水材料也是材料界研究的重点,目前防水建筑材料主要是朝着高性能、低成本、机械化施工以及绿色化方向发展。 Second, the green of new waterproof building materials. Waterproof problem has been building especially residential construction focus on problems, in recent years, people on the performance of waterproof material of the increasingly high demand, so the emphasis of waterproof material and material research, the waterproof building materials mainly towards high performance, low cost, mechanical construction and green development. 其三,绿色新型道路建筑材料。通常在修建道路时需要使用大量的混凝土,而且是不可回收利用的混凝土,不符合可持续发展方针,因此对绿色的新型混凝土材料开发研制出也是非常重要的。香港科技大学研制出一种废旧轮胎为主要原料的建筑泥土,可以代替建筑道路、桥梁、填海用的泥土。具有较高的硬度、抗震性以及较好的弹性、渗水性、耐热性、耐久性,而且能很好的处理了城市中的大量废旧轮胎,符合节土、利废、环保的绿色建材要求。 Third, new green building material. Usually in the road construction requires the use of massive concrete, and unrecyclable using concrete, does not conform to the policy of sustainable development, so it is very important to model the concrete material development of green. Hong Kong University Science & Technology developed a waste tire building clay as the main raw material, can replace the building roads, bridges, reclamation soil. It has high hardness, shock resistance and good e lasticity, permeability, heat resistance, durability, and can be very good to deal with waste tires in the city, with soil saving, waste utilization, green building materials requirements. 其四,绿色新型保温隔热材料。随着国家节能减排的方针的实施,目前对建筑的保温性能要求越来越高,通常的保温材料都对环境有不同程度的损害,如泡沫聚苯乙烯板材形成的白色污染,给人类生存环境就造成了不利影响。然而目前开发出的一种以植物纤维为原料的新型保温隔热材料则能较好符合绿色建材的标准,不仅具有良好的保温作用,同时对人体以及环境均无不利影响,且回收率 较高。目前该保温材料在市场上所占的比例也越来越大,具有很好的发展应用前景。 Fourth, green new thermal insulation material. With the implementation of the national energy-saving emission reduction policy, the building insulation performance requirements more and more high, insulation materials usually have different degrees of damage to the environment, such as white pollution polystyrene foam sheet formation, cause adverse effect to the environment for human survival. However, developed a plant fiber as raw material of new insulation material can better meet the green building materials standards, not only has good thermal insulation effect, and no adverse effects on the human body and the environment, and the recovery rate is high. At present, the insulation material occupies in the market share is also growing, has a good developmental prospect. 二、绿色建材的应用情况 Application of two, green building materials 绿色建材又称生态建材,指健康型、环保型、安全型的建筑材料,在国际上也称为“健康建材”或“环保建材”,绿色建材不是指单独的建材产品,而是对建材“健康、环保、安全”品性的评价,它注重建材对人体健康和环保所造成的影响及安全防火性能。在国外绿色建材早已在建筑、装饰施工中被广泛应用,而在国内它只作为一个概念刚开始为大众所认识。欧美及日本等发达对国家很早就注重对绿色建材的开发研制。德国在1977年就开始注重建材的环保性,对各种涂料的最大VOC含量进行了限定,同时禁止了一些有害材料的使用;美国也在1997年规定建筑平光涂料的VOC含量应逐步降低;英国也是对绿色建材研究较早的一个国家之一,早在1991年英国建筑研究院(BRE)曾对建筑材料及家具等室内用品对室内空气的影响进行了相应的研究;丹麦、芬兰、冰岛、挪威、瑞典等国也于1989年统一了北欧环境标致,提出了绿色建材的标准以及发展研究方向;日本由于本国的天然资源非常稀缺,所以比较注重对绿色这类使用天然资源少,可重复利用的材料的开发研制工作。 Green building materials are also called ecological building materials, environmental protection, health, safety of building materials, in the world called " health building materials" or " green building materials", green building materials is not a separate building materials products, but the building " health, environmental protection, safety " character evaluation, it focuses on the fire performance impact building materials caused to human health and environmental protection and safety. In foreign countries, green building materials are already building, decoration construction has been widely used, while in China it only as a concept for the public know started. Europe and the United States and Japan and other developed countries had to focus on the development of green building materials. Germany in 1977 began to pay attention to environmental protection building materials, the maximum VOC content on various coatings were defined, and prohibits some hazardous materials use; the United States should also be gradually reduced in the VOC content of the 1997 building regulations, matt paint; British is one of green building materials research earlier in a country, as early as 1991 British Architecture Research Institute (BRE ) of building materials and furniture and other indoor articles on indoor air impact are studied; Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden and other countries also was unified in 1989 the Nordic environment beautiful, puts forward the direction of green building materials standards and development studies; Japan due to their very scarce natural resources more focus on green, so the use of natural resources and less developed, can be re-used materials work. 同国外的一些发达国家相比,我国对绿色建材的研究起步相对较晚。我国在1993年10月公布了环境标志,并在2001年8月正式实施了绿色标准,即以经济与环境的和谐为目标,将环保技术、清洁技术等环保技术融入材料的生产技术中。近年来随着我国对绿色建材的重视程度的不断提高以及研究成果的不断发展,越来越多的绿色建材已被开发出来并逐步在工程实际中得到了应用。Compared to some developed countries with foreign, studies on green building materials in China started relatively late. China in 1993 October announced the environmental mark, and in 2001 August the formal implementation of the green standard, namely to the harmony of economy and environment as the goal, the environmental technology, clean technology and environmental protection technology in material production technology. In recent years, with the constant development of increased emphasis on China's green building materials and green building materials 继续阅读