现在完成时态

现在完成时态 四川省纳溪中学初2016级八年级英语(下)导学案 课题:Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet? Grammar (Present Perfect Tense) 编制:周宗英 审核:崔影 审批:邱康平 使用时间:2015-6-6 编号:67 班级: 姓名: 组别: 等级: 【学习目标】学习语法——现在完成时态，掌握其构成、句型及用法。 【自主学习 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 】a. 自主学习指导 1、回忆动词的过去式和过去分词规则变化。 1)一般在动词词尾直接加ed。 如:pick ? picked ? picked wish ? wished ? wished stay ? stayed ? stayed 2)以不发音的e结尾的动词后面加d。 如:like ? liked ? liked hope ? hoped ? hoped dance ? danced ? danced 3)以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed。 如:study ? studied ? studied hurry ? hurried ? hurried reply ? replied ? replied 4)词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，要双写辅音字母，再加-ed。 如:stop ? stopped ? stopped clap ? clapped ? clapped shop ? shopped ? shopped 2、结合课本P111—112学习现在完成时态的相关知识。 b. 自学检测 I(写出下列动词的过去式及过去分词。 want— — see— — die— — play— — drop— — leave— — buy— — take— — are— — begin— — do— — break— — run— — teach— — sit— — live— — II(按要求转换句子。 1 1. Robinson has made a small boat.(变为一般疑问句并做出肯定回答) __________ Robinson _________ a small boat? ________, he __________. 2. We have already finished reading the story.(变为否定句) We __________ ___________ reading the story __________. 3. They have been friends for many years.(对划线部分提问) __________ __________ __________ they __________ friends? 4. Sally saw the film last week.(改为现在完成时) Sally _________ __________ the film before. 5. They have made some delicious food for Tony.(对划线部分提问) __________ _________ they ________ for Tony? 二、合作与探究※ 1. 不规则动词变化中的小规则(小组共同朗读并记忆) 一、AAA型:按中间的元音字母来记忆:a-e-i-o-u(细心的你一定会发现，这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。) let---let---let(让) read--- --- (读，朗读)hit--- --- (撞击)cost--- --- cut--- --- hurt--- --- 二、ABA型:即动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。 become---became---become(成为)come--- ---come run--- --- 三、AAB型: beat---beat---beaten (打、击败) 四、ABB型:即动词的过去式和过去分词相同。 build---built---built (建筑) spend--- --- lose---lost--- keep--- --- say--- --- stand--- --- 五、ABC型:即原形、过去式和过去分词各不相同。 write---wrote---written (写) see--- --- know--- --- sing--- --- is--- --- fly--- --- 2. 现在完成时 1)基本结构:助动词have / has+过去分词(done) 2)句型:否定句:主语+have / has + not +过去分词+其他. 一般疑问句:Have / Has+主语+过去分词+其他. 简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定) No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定) 2 3)用法 (1)现在完成时 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 I have spent all of my money (so far). (含义是: 现在我没有钱花。) Guo Zijun has (just/already) come. (含义:郭子君现在在这儿。) (2)现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的, 持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)常与for(+时间段), since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用。 ?for+时段 ?since+过去一个时间点(译为:自从……以来) ?since+时段+ago ?since+从句(过去时) *?It is+时段+since+从句(过去时) Mary has been ill . 玛丽已经生病三天了。 我从1998年就住在这儿了。I ________ ________ here _______ 1998. 4)几个短语的区别:has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别 have/has gone(to) : 去了(现在不在说话现场) e.g. Where is your father, He Shanghai. have/has been (to) : 去过(已不在去过的地方) e.g. 我爸爸去过上海 My father Shanghai. have/has been in:呆了多久(还在所待的地方) e.g. 我爸爸在上海待了两个月。 My father has been in Shanghai two months. / two months ago. 5)现在完成时的标志 1. 现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响，用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义: * 以already, just和yet为标志 e.g. He has got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。 He hasn't come back . 他还没有回来。 He ________ just _________ the film. 他刚刚看过这场电影。 * 以ever和never为标志 e.g. This is the best film I have ever seen. 这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。 He has been to Beijing. 他从没有到过北京。 * 以动作发生的次数为标志 e.g. He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。 2. 过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延续下去,我们可以从动作“延 3 续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手，进一步学习现在完成时。 * ?for+时段 ?since+过去一个时间点(过去 从句)为标志 注意: 1) 现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday, last week, three years ago等; 2) 不能与when连用 【当堂评价方案】 试着解决下列中考题。 ( ) 1. I _______ a letter from him since he left((天津市) A. didn't receive B. haven't got C. didn't have D. haven't heard ( ) 2. —Where have you ____ these days, —I have ____to Dazhu with my friends.(重庆市) A. been;gone B. been;been C. gone;been D. gone;gone ( ) 3. How long have you _______ this book,(哈尔滨市) A. bought B. borrowed C. had D. lent ( ) 4. —Where's Peter, —He _______ to Nanjing((沈阳市) A. is going B. has been C. has gone D. went ( ) 5. We have lived here _______ five years ago((河南省) A. when B. since C. before D. after ( ) 6. —How do you like Beijing, Mr Black, —Oh, I ____ such a beautiful city.(江西省) A. don't visit B. didn't visit C. haven't visited D. hadn't visited ( ) 7. My parents ______ Shandong for ten years . A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been *( ) 8. His grandpa _______ for two years((广西) A. was died B. has been dead C. was dead D. has died *( ) 9. His sister _______ her hometown for three years( She'll return next year.(合肥市) A. left B. has left C. has been away D. has been away from *( ) 10. His uncle ____ for more than 9 years. A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university 4