大学英语-大学英语四级阅读模拟题4

大学英语-大学英语四级阅读模拟题4 大学英语四级阅读模拟题4 Part ? Reading Comprehension Section A There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. This is, however, a 1 . No school I have taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it 2 as a basic skill. There are, however, 3 different ideas about how to teach it, or how much priority it must be given over general language development and writing ability. If spelling becomes the only focal point of his teacher's interest, clearly a bright child will be likely to "play safe", this is to say, to avoid using words he is not sure of. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range, choosing to avoid 4 language. That's why teachers often 5 the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability. In this way, students will be able to 6 their ideas more freely. I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience: "This work is 7 ! There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is illegible (难以辨认的)." It may have been a sharp 8 of the pupil's technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had 9 to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child's deep feelings. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but ff his priorities had centered on the child's ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more 10 to seek improvement. A. unimportant B. failed C. specifically D. encourage E. adventurous F. withdrawn G. vastly H. terrible I. motivation J. reaction K. criticism L. indicate M. express N. misunderstanding O. resistant Some years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe. I had been abroad a couple of times, but I could hardly 11 to know my way around the continent. Moreover, my knowledge of foreign languages was 12 to a little cortege French. I hesitated. How would I, unable to speak the language, 13 unfamiliar with local geography or transportation systems, set up 14 and do research? It seemed impossible, and with considerable 15 I sat down to write a letter begging off. Halfway through, a thought ran through my mind: you can't learn if you don't try. So I accepted the assignment. There were some bad 16 . But by the time I had finished the trip I was an experienced traveler. And ever since, I have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places, without guides or even 17 bookings, confident that somehow I will manage. The point is that the new, the different, is almost by definition 18 . But each time you try something, you learn, and as the learning piles up, the world opens to you. I've learned to ski at 40, and flown up the Rhine River in a 19 . And I know I'll go on doing such things. It's not because I'm braver or more daring than others. I'm not. But I'll accept anxiety as another name for challenge and I believe I can 20 wonders. A. accomplish B. advanced C. balloon D. claim E. constantly F. declare G. interviews H. limited I. manufacture J. moments K. news L. reduced M. regret N. scary O. totally Section B The Lost Art of Listening A. "Why won't he even listen to my idea?", "Why am I cut off before I provide the whole story?" How many times have you been frustrated by someone not listening to what you have to say? How many times have you frustrated others by not listening to them? We tend to think that listening is the same as hearing; but listening is the art of being alert to the problems of the person you are with. Problems caused by not listening can be serious, not only at work, but also with family and friends. Many times we jump in to say what's on our minds before we've even acknowledged what the other person has said, short circuiting the possibility of mutual understanding. Speaking without listening, hearing without understanding. In fact we're often baffled and dismayed by the feeling of being left sitting around in the dark. B. Effective managers are proactive (主动的) listeners. They don't wait for members of their staff to come to them; they make an active effort to find out what people think and feel by asking them. The manager who meets frequently with staff members keeps informed and, even more importantly, communicates interest in the people themselves. An open-door policy allows access, but it doesn't substitute for an active campaign of reaching out and listening to people. The manager who doesn't ask questions communicates that he or she doesn't care. And ff he or she doesn't listen, the message is "I'm not there for you." Even if a manager decides not to follow a subordinate's suggestion, listening with sincere interest conveys respect and makes the employee feel appreciated. C. Communicating by memo or e-mail—however witty or informal—is not substitute for personal contact, because it closes off the chance to listen. Simply going through the motions of meeting with people doesn't work either. The fake listener doesn't fool anyone. Poor eye contact, shuffling feet, busy hands, and meaningless replies, like "That's interesting" and "Is that right?" give them away. The insincere listener's lack of interest in the conversation betrays a larger problem: lack of interest in the person with whom the listener is communicating. D. Most people don't listen with the intent to understand; they listen with the intent to reply. Even at work, where performance takes priority over relationships, listening carefully to understand the other person's point of view—before you even think about replying—is the key to productive communication. Effective managers develop a routine in which communication time is an integral part of the job. They meet with their staff and ask questions. They don't react before gathering all the facts. If they don't know what their people are thinking and feeling, they ask—and they listen. E. When we don't feel heard by our superiors, few of us give up right away. We write memos, we ask to meet with them, we try to communicate our needs and convey our points of view. Then we give up. Frequently, we complain to our coworkers and our family and friends. Venting feelings of frustration with third parties rather than addressing conflicts at their source can take on epidemic proportions in work settings. Sometimes it takes the form of gossip, running down someone who's not present. F. But, some of you might be thinking, my boss really is insensitive. I've tried to talk to him, and he just doesn't listen. The mistake people make in trying to get through to unreceptive superiors is the same mistake most of us make in dealing with the difficult people in our lives: we try to change them. And when that doesn't work, we give up. Instead, start by examining your own expectations. What do you want and how are you programmed to go about getting it? Are you expecting to have your personal needs met at work? Do you work hard and wait patiently for the boss to tell you that you're doing a great job, like a good little boy or girl? G. Listening is important at work because it enables people to understand each other, get along and get the job done. But don't get too personal. Don't let your compassion allow someone to talk about their personal problems, which is interfering with work. This may be happening if you're the only person he talks to. A good supervisor keeps channels of communication open—and keeps them focused on the task at hand—by asking for frequent feedback about how things are going (on the job). "what do you like and dislike so far about working here?", "Is there anything you think we should change to make things smoother?" H. Remember that it can be intimidating for subordinates to give criticism or make suggestions. If you want them to feel safe enough to open up, reassure them that you appreciate their ideas. "I'm glad you spoke up." "Thanks for letting me know." "I didn't realize...I'm glad you told me." Listening to the people we work with isn't the same as becoming friends with them. Many people worry that if we allow ourselves to get personal at the workplace, things might get sticky. But those who think that effective teamwork isn't about listening (it's about getting things done) are wrong. Without being heard we are diminished, as workers and as people. I. Keep in mind the difference between dissent (异议) and defiance (挑 衅). Defiance means attacking the other person's position and making him wrong. Dissent means having the courage to stand up for what you think and feel. It's the difference between saying "You're wrong" and "This is how I feel." Clearly, a dissenting message is much easier to hear than a defiant one. The listener is more willing and interested in hearing a dissenter's objection. Someone who hears a defiant objection will tend to either ignore the comment or be rudely counter-defiant. This is a common problem that tends to increase barriers between people, something you don't want in a work environment where teamwork is necessary. Careful listening is difficult and takes practice to improve. Try harder to understand the other person's perspective. 21、 Personal contact can never be replaced by communicating through memo or e-mail which might be witty or informal. 22、 If an employee wants to communicate with an unreceptive superior, he should not try to change the boss. 23、 Effective managers make an active effort to keep informed of what a staff member thinks. 24、 It is not allowed to talk about personal problems at work, because it interferes with work. 25、 The saying "This is how I feel" can be classified as a dissenting message. 26、 It is useful to send the message to the subordinate that their ideas would be appreciated because it can let them feel safe to open up. 27、 When we don't feel heard by our superiors, most of us won't give up immediately. 28、 The key to productive communication is to listen with the intent to understand. 29、 Different from hearing, listening is the art of being alert to the problems of those you are with. 30、 A good supervisor frequently asks for feedback about how things are going so that he can keep channels of communication open. Here comes the e-book revolution A. At what temperature do electronic books catch fire? We're going to find out sometime this year. E-book sales are about to ignite. On Monday, Amazon.com is expected to unveil a new version of its Kindle reader. It will probably be a lot better and a little cheaper than the first version. But the real news already broke this week A company spokesman announced that Amazon plans to offer Kindle books on Cell Phones. This news countered Google's announcement that the 1.5 million public domain books available on its Google Book Search offering will soon be available (free, of course) via a new Cell Phone application. B. I believe that Cell Phones will quickly outpace the dedicated e-book readers, including the Kindle, as the platform of choice for e-book readers. Leading the pack? The iPhone, ironically. It's worth noting that Amazon.com sold more Kindles (at least 500,000) in its first year of sales than Apple sold iPods in its first year (378,000). Apple may not understand the value of e-books, but iPhone users will embrace them anyway. The reason is simple: The iPhone has a huge, high-quality screen. And its user base includes millions of people who love to do everything on their iPhones, including reading, which they're already doing with online content. I (and others) have been predicting for some time that Apple will ship a killer tablet at some point. This device, I believe, will have the iPhone user interface and a super high-quality screen. It will be ideal for reading e-books as well. C. Just because e-books are available on better (the new Kindle) and more (all Cell Phones) devices doesn't mean people will read them. But mark my words, read them they will. Six trends will conspire (共同促成) over the next year to drive e-book reading to levels that will surprise just about everybody. D. The economy is in the tank, and people are looking to cut costs any way they can. An Amazon Kindle pays for itself after the purchase of 20 or 30 books, then starts paying dividends. You save big on books, magazines and newspapers. These savings will grow even more attractive as the recession deepens. E. Interest in protecting the environment just keeps growing and growing. The idea of getting a daily newspaper or a weekly or monthly magazine on paper seems incredibly wasteful to the point of decadence. Environmental consciousness will drive e-book acceptance. F. The book publishing industry is one of the most backward, musty, out-of-date businesses in our economy. While every other kind of information moves at the speed of light, the process of publishing a book is like something from the Middle Ages. For authors, it can take months to even find a literary agent willing to represent their work. Then the agent takes months to find a publisher. Then it takes ages for the publishing company to get the book out there. People are already circumventing (设法回避) all this by self-publishing. The self-publishing industry is the only area of paper-book publishing that's thriving right now. Soon enough, a huge number of authors are finally going to get fed up with the publishing industry and just self-publish electronically. They'll hire their own freelance editors, and do the marketing themselves. The publication of a finished manuscript will take minutes, rather than months. G. Old-school thinkers in the publishing industry will lament (悲叹) the slap-dash nature of self-published e-books, and sniff that books are no longer published with the quality and care that they used to. (Never mind that book publishers abandoned high standards years ago in previous cost-cutting initiatives.) The world will pass them by as the book industry undergoes the same transition that happened with the media and blogs. First, the media didn't understand blogs. Then they invalidated them. Then they accepted them. And now blogs are where the credibility is. Every columnist and reporter has a blog, and now major TV news programs are built around the opinions of bloggers. A similar transformation will take place about the credibility of self-published and electronic books. H. Like the move from silent pictures to "talkies," the transition to electronic publishing will prove fatal to laggards. Those aggressively pursuing and developing e-books will rise to take control of the publishing industry. Part of this revolution will happen in e-book marketing. The new generation of e-book publishers will leverage social media, contextual advertising and other innovations. For anyone who spends time online, specific e-book titles will increasingly be advertised and marketed and integrated into other content. E-books, now mostly invisible, will soon be every-where. I. The shift from print to electronic will change the nature of the book itself. Many books will be shorter. They'll be more timely and culturally relevant. They'll be more colorfully and engagingly written. And they'll go after young readers like nothing before. As in Japan, this will spark a new cultural phenomenon of young people not just reading, but also writing novels and other book types on their mobile devices. The idea that "people don't read anymore," especially young people, will be revealed as false. Young people today read more, and write a lot more, than any generation in history. To date, they've been unexcited about books, magazines and newspapers because they grew up with social networking and social media. Once books are electronic, relevant and social, too, they'll start reading and writing books like crazy. J. And, finally, the newspaper industry is dying. The old method of physically delivering blog entries on dead tree pulp is out-of-date. It's very simple. Newspapers that embrace e-books will survive. Those that don't, won't. If you'd like to get a stark view of the relative economics of electronic vs. paper newspapers, check out a blog post on the Silicon Valley Insider. The blog did the math and determined that the New York Times could buy every single subscriber an Amazon Kindle e-book reader, and it would still cost them half as much as it will cost them to send paper newspapers for just one year. After decades of false starts, the e-book revolution is finally upon us. By this time next year, e-books will be totally mainstream. 31、 Young people will be keen on reading and writing books when books are electronic, relevant and social. 32、 In the self-publishing industry, the marketing of a book is done by the author. 33、 The credibility of blogs used to be not accepted by the media. 34、 It is said that a newspaper will survive only when it incorporates with e-books. 35、 The price of an Amazon Kindle is as much as an amount money of 20 or 30 books. 36、 It was breaking news that Amazon announced it planned to offer Kindle books on cell phones. 37、 Given environmental protection, a newspaper published on paper becomes wasteful. 38、 At present, the book publishing industry is in a backward state. 39、 It is believed that Cell Phones will become the dominant e-book reader platform, outpacing the Kindle. 40、 The publishing industry will soon be taken control by those who aggressively pursue and develop e-books. Section C Passage One Like a needle climbing up a bathroom scale, the number keeps rising. In 1991, 15% of Americans were obese (肥胖的); by 1999, that proportion had grown to 27%. Youngsters, who should have age and activity on their side, are growing larger as well: 19% of Americans under 17 are obese. Waistbands have been popping in other western countries too, as physical activity has declined and diets have expanded. By and large, people in the rich world seem to have lost the fight against flab (松弛). Meanwhile, poorer nations have enjoyed some success in their battles against malnutrition and famine. But, according to research presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, it is more a case of being out of the frying pan and into the fire. The most striking example actually in the poor world comes from the Pacific islands, home of the world's most obese communities. In 1966, 14% of the men on this island were obese while 100% of men under the age of 30 in 1996 were obese. This increase in weight has been uneven as well as fast. As a result, undernourished and over-nourished people frequently live cheek by jowl (面 颊). The mix can even occur within a single household. A study of families in Indonesia found that nearly 10% contained both the hungry and the fat. This is a mysterious phenomenon, but might have something to do with people of different ages being given different amounts of food to eat. The prospect of heading off these problems is bleak. In many affected countries there are cultural factors to contend with, such as an emphasis on eating large meals together, or on food as a form of hospitality. Moreover, there is a good measure of disbelief on the part of policymakers that such a problem could exist in their countries. Add to that reluctance on the part of governments to spend resources on promoting diet and exercise while starvation is still a real threat, and the result is a recipe for inaction. Unless something is done soon, it might not be possible to turn the clock back. 41、 The first sentence of the passage most probably implies that ______. A. many Americans are obsessed with the rising temperature in their bathroom B. more people are overweighed in the United States C. people are doing more physical exercises with the help of scales D. youngsters become taller and healthier thanks to more activities 42、 As physical exercise declines and diet expands, ______. A. other western countries has been defeated by fat B. obesity has become an epidemic (流行病) of the rich world C. waistbands begin to be popular in other western countries D. western countries can no longer fight against obesity 43、 Which is NOT the point of the example of the Pacific Islands? A. The poor community has shaken off poverty and people are well-fed now. B. Obesity is becoming a problem in the developing world too. C. Excessive weight increase will cause no less harm than the food shortage. D. The problem of overweight emerges very fast. 44、 Of tackling obesity in the poor world, we can learn from the passage that ______. A. the matter is so complex as to go beyond our capacity B. no matter what we do, the prospect will always be bleak C. it is starvation, the real threat, that needs to be solved D. we should take immediate actions before it becomes incurable 45、 What is the main idea of this passage? A. Obesity is now a global problem that needs tackling. B. The weights increase fast throughout the whole world. C. Obesity and starvation are two main problems in the poor world. D. Obesity has shifted from the rich world to the poor world. In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition of each new skill—the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and wring. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own happiness. As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality. Also, parents should realize that "example is better than precept". If they are not sincere and do not practise what they preach (说教), their children may grow confused and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents' principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment. 46、 Eagerly watching the child's acquisition of new skills ______. A. should be avoided B. is universal among parents C. sets up dangerous states of worry in the child D. will make him lose interest in learning new things 47、 In the process of children's learning new skills parents ______. A. should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read B. should not expect too much of them C. should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own D. should create as many learning opportunities as possible 48、 The second paragraph mainly tells us that ______. A. parents should be strict with their children B. parental controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the community C. parental restrictions vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone D. parents vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation 49、 The word "precept" (Line 3, Para. 3) probably means "______". A. idea B. punishment C. behavior D. instruction 50、 In moral matters, parents should ______. A. observe the rules themselves B. be aware of the marked difference between adults and children C. forbid things which have no foundation in morality D. consistently ensure the security of their children Passage Two Three key facts about rising sea levels need to be pointed out to the world's politicians and planners: sea-level rise is now inevitable, it will happen faster than most of us thought, and it will go on for a very long time. Even if greenhouse gas emissions stopped tomorrow, the oceans will continue to swell as they warm. The climate scientists estimate that sea-level rise could well be in the region of 1 to 2 metres by 2100, with a small risk of an even greater rise. For many islands and low-lying regions, even small rises will spell disasters. Most countries, however, will only lose a tiny percentage of their land, even with a very big rise. The problem is what has been built on that land: New York, Sydney and Tokyo, to mention just a few cities. Unless something can be done, great areas of urban network will vanish beneath the waves. It will take a massive engineering effort to protect these cities an effort that may be beyond economies that have been brought to their knees by climate change. None of this means we should despair, and stop trying to ban emissions. But alongside these efforts, we need to start acting now to minimise the impact of future sea-level rise. That means we must stop building in the danger zone. Countless billions are being spent on constructing homes, offices, factories and roads in vulnerable coastal areas. For instance, the skyscrapers of Shanghai are being built on land that is a mere 4 metres above sea level on average, and which is sinking under the weight of its buildings and as water is drawn from the rocks beneath them. In cities that have been around for hundreds of years, this sort of development may be understandable. But planning for new coastal developments is to go against reality. If we want to build a lasting heritage for our children, we should do so on the plentiful land that is in no danger from the sea. It is one of the easiest ways to slow down climate change, and we should be acting on it now. 51、 What is the major cause of the rising sea levels? A. Greenhouse gas emissions. B. Overdevelopment. C. Governments' indecision. D. Climatic changes. 52、 New York, Sydney, and Tokyo are mentioned to illustrate the idea that ______. A. world economy will collapse when sea levels rise B. modern cities are usually built along the coastline C. the coastline is crucial for developed countries D. most countries will suffer when sea levels rise 53、 The effort to protect the coastal cities may be beyond economies because ______. A. economic development has been accelerating climate change B. too much money has been spent on fighting climate change C. climate change has got economies under its control D. people have lost confidence in their economies 54、 What is mentioned as the result of building many skyscrapers in Shanghai? A. The sea level on average is sinking. B. The land beneath is sinking. C. Water is drawn from the rocks beneath. D. Buildings become dangerous. 55、 "to go against reality" (Line 2, Para. 6) can be explained as ______. A. impractical B. unappealing C. courageous D. desirable The earliest process of making paper was done almost 5,000 years ago in Egypt and the Nile Valley. In those days, paper was made from strips of the papyrus plant. Modern paper-making began in China about 2,000 years ago. This process produced paper from cloth, straw, wood or the bark of trees. The raw materials are struck over and over until they become loose. Then they are mixed with water. After the water has been removed, the flat, thin form remaining is permitted to dry. This becomes a sheet of paper. Large machines started to be used for making paper near the end of the 16th century. Today, paper-making is a big business. But it is still possible to make paper by hand, since the steps are the same as using big machines. You should choose paper with small amounts of printing. Old envelopes are good for this reason. Colored paper also can be used, as well as small amounts of newspaper. Small pieces of rags or cloth can be added. These should be cut into pieces about 5 centimeters by 5 centimeters. Everything is placed in a container, covered with water, and brought to a boil. It is mixed for about 2 hours with some common chemicals and then allowed to cool. Then it is left until most of the water dries up. The substance left, called pulp, can be stored until you are ready to make paper. When you are ready, the pulp is mixed with water again. Then the pulp is poured into a special box or mold. The mold is made of small squares of wire that hold the shape and thickness of the paper. To help dry the paper, the mold lets the water flow through the small wire squares. After several more drying steps, the paper is carefully lifted back from the mold. It is now strong enough to be touched. The paper is smoothed and pressed to remove trapped air. You can use a common electric iron used for pressing clothes. 56、 What is mentioned about the earliest process of making paper? A. Its procedures. B. Its influences. C. Its purposes. D. Its materials. 57、 It is suggested that we "should choose paper with small amounts of printing" to ______. A. make paper by ourselves B. renew the old envelopes C. make various colored paper D. create our own newspaper 58、 Whether the paper is strong enough to be touched is determined by ______. A. how long the pulp is stored B. how thick the paper is C. how much water remains D. what type of chemicals are used 59、 When the paper is lifted from the mold, it is time to ______. A. make it smooth B. make it strong C. decorate it D. iron it 60、 The passage is most probably intended to ______. A. introduce the history of paper-making B. describe the process of paper-malting C. compare the ancient and the modem paper-making D. argue the possibility of paper-making by hand 答案: Part ? Reading Comprehension Section A 1、 此处需要可数名词单数作表语。根据表转折意义的however，可知空白处应该是一个否定意义的名 词。从上文提到的belief，可知正确答案为misunderstanding。 2、 此处需要形容词作宾语补足语。态度应该与or前面的ignored spelling一致，即认为拼写不重要，因此答案为unimportant。这句话也证明了前面的看法是个误解(misunderstanding)。 3、 此处需要副词，修饰形容词different。从上下文语义的逻辑性看，vastly更为合适。vastly different ideas意为“极其不同的看法”。 4、 此处需要形容词作定语。从上下文语义的逻辑性看，adventurous最为合适。choosing to avoid adventurous language意为“选择避免使用易出错的语言”。 5、 此处需要动词作谓语的一部分，and后面的pay attention to是一般现在时，而且是积极意义的，所以该动词也应该一致。再根据上下文语义的逻辑性，可知encourage最为合适。encourage the early use of dictionaries意为“鼓励早早使用字典”。 6、 此处需要及物动词原形作谓语，且该动词能与ideas搭配，因此答案为express。express their ideas意为“表达他们的思想”。 7、 此处需要形容词作表语。从后文对该文章的批评来看，此处应该是消极意义的形容词。因此答案为terrible。 8、 此处需要可数名词的单数作表语。上文提到作文拼写错误多，书写难认，可知此处需要消极意义的名词，显然criticism较合适。a sharp criticism意为“尖锐的批评”。 9、 此处需要动词的过去分词作谓语的一部分。根据上文所说拼写和书写上的问题，所以导致老师无法阅读作文，因此答案为failed。failed to read the essay意为“未能阅读这篇作文”。 10、 此处需要名词作宾语。从后文中的to seek improvement来看，此处是一个积极意义的名词，motivation显然更合适。 11、 空白处缺谓语动词，需要一个动词原形，而且之后要能接带to的不定式结构。claim to do sth. “声称做某事”，符合句意。这里不是正式的“宣布”，不能填declare。 12、 空白处缺形容词，作表语。be limited to为固定搭配，表示“局限于……”。 13、 空白处的前后属于并列结构，据此可以断定空白处缺表示程度的副词修饰形容词unfamiliar，很容易选出totally。 14、 空白处缺名词，作set up“计划，安排”的宾语。interviews“采访”符合要求。 15、 空白处缺不可数名词。regret“遗憾”最符合句意。 16、 空白处缺复数名词。从语法角度看，interviews和moments符合要求。从语义角度看，作者在这里讲述的是自己在毅然接受了写作任务之后的经历，根据上文所提到的重重困难及后一句中but之后的内容，也可以断定此处应该填入的是moments。 17、 首先判定空白处需要一个形容词来修饰名词bookings，再根据句意，尤其是bookings一词，可以锁定要填入的词是advanced。 18、 空白处缺形容词，作表语。这句话是作者在讲述完自己的一段欧洲之旅的经历之后的感受，根据句意，不难选出scary。此外，如果考生已经顺利选出了前两个形容词，那么就只剩下scary这个形容词了， 舍此其谁。 19、 空白处需要填入的是一个可以直接用不定冠词a修饰的单数可数名词，根据句子意思，很容易锁定答案balloon。 20、 空白处缺一个动词原形作谓语。根据句意“相信我能够——奇迹”，可以判定此处要填入的是accomplish“完成，创造”。 Section B 21、 [解析] 根据题目中的witty和informal可以定位到C段。该句提到，通过备忘录或电子邮件来沟通，不管多么有趣或轻松，始终不能代替私下的交流，题目信息与此相符，故选C。 22、 [解析] 根据题目的unreceptive superiors可定位至F段。该段第3句提到，雇员在跟不包容的上司沟通时犯的错误:试图改变他们，意即雇员不应该试图改变不包容的老板，题目信息与此相符，故选F。 23、 [解析] 根据关键词Effective managers及make an active effort定位到B段，该段第2句就表明卓有成效的经理人不会等着员工找上门来，而是主动采取行动，故选B。 24、 [解析] 根据personal及interfere等词可以定位到G段。该段第3句提到，不要因同情心使别人向你诉说他们的个人问题，这会影响工作，题目信息与此相符，故选G。 25、 [解析] 根据题目关键信息“This is how I feel.”定位到I段。该段的第2句和第3句分别解释了defiance和dissent的含义，并在第4句举例说明dissent和defiance的区别，只要理解了这几句，就不难选出I。 26、 [解析] 根据题目的appreciated，feel safe可定位到H段，该段第2句表示如果想让员工放心表达意见，就要让他们相信你赞赏他们的想法，题目信息与此相符，故选H。 27、 [解析] 根据题目的don't feel heard by our superiors可定位至E段。该段第1句的When从句与题目前半句相符，而题目中的most of us won't与原文的few of us的同义，故选E。 28、 [解析] 根据题目的The key to productive communication可定位到D段。该段第2句破折号之后的内容表示理解地倾听别人的观点是有效沟通的关键所在，题目信息与此相同。 29、 [解析] 本题谈到倾听和听见的差别，提及此话题的是A段。该段第5句的but提示，倾听和听见有差别，此外结合句意:倾听是一种对你身边人的问题保持敏感的艺术，可确定选A。 30、 [解析] 根据信息点channels of communication open定位到G段。该段第5句提到，好的上司懂得保持沟通渠道的畅通，通过提问得到随时反馈，从而知道工作的进展情况，题目信息与此相符，故选G。 31、 [解析] 根据关键词electronic，relevant，and social定位到I段的最后一句。题干只是将原文的条件放在了句子的后半部分，用when引出条件，而原文用Once引出条件，由此可见，本题的出处是I段。 32、 [解析] 根据题目关键信息self-publishing industry，marketing可以定位到F段。该段倒数第2句的They指代的是上一句提到的authors，该句后半句中更是提到作者自己做营销，题目的信 息与此处表述一致。 33、 [解析] 根据关键词credibility和blogs定位到G段。结合G段第4-7句的didn't understand, they accepted them以及where the credibility is即为题目意思，故选G。 34、 [解析] 本题讲报纸的发展趋势，推断出处在文章结尾部分。J段第3句明确表示报纸只有结合电子书的形式才能存活下去。题目的incorporate with为原文embrace的近义改写，故选J。 35、 [解析] 根据关键词20 or 30 books定位到D段。该段第2句提到，在购买20或30本书后，Kindle就付完了自己的价钱，意即Kindle的价钱跟20或30本书相当，故选D。 36、 [解析] 本文开头以亚马逊Kindle电子书的新闻为引子引出话题，故本题可以从A段寻找，A段第6句提到news，题目的表述与冒号后的内容一致，故选A。 37、 [解析] 本题的environmental protection属于E段提到的环境保护因素。结合本段的2、3句，就可得出题目结论，故选E。 38、 [解析] 根据题目关键信息book publishing industry以及backward可直接定位到F段第1句。该段表示书籍出版行业是我们经济中最落后的一个行业，与题目表述一致，故选F。 39、 [解析] 提到Cell Phones的有A、B、C三段，B段首句提到，手机将会超越包括Kindle的电子书阅读器，成为电子书主要阅读平台，题目意思与此相同，故选B。 40、 [解析] 根据题目关键词pursue and develop e-books定位到H段。本题对应该段第2句，原文的those aggressively...是主动句，而题目中为被动句，意思一样，故选H。 Section C Passage One 41、B 根据第1段第2句可知首句中的the number是指体重增加的人数，故答案为B。 42、B 本题需要正确理解借代修饰手法。Waistbands have been popping形象刻画出其他西方社会急剧肥胖化的过程，故答案为B。本题很明显是考查因果关系的，第1段倒数第2句明确指出这个因果关系，只要根据该句做出选择就可以了。如果看得过远，反而有可能误选A或D。 43、A 此处的例子是证明前一句话的，即But后面的内容。同时，两个年份的比较也突出问题发展的迅猛，从而印证下一段的主题句“This increase in weight has been uneven as well as fast.”说明了贫穷与肥胖是并存的。例子一般是用来证明紧挨着的前面或后面的论述，此处证明的观点在之前，其中的重点应该是But后面的内容，所以A与文中意思不符。注意本题要选的是NOT the point of the example。 44、D 文章最后一句扭转了整段的基调。作者呼吁解决这一问题，前文正是为此作铺垫，突出问题的复杂性和时间的紧迫性。 45、A 本文话题为obesity，作者从美国谈到所有西方国家，最后重点讨论其在发展中国家的最新发展趋势以及种种可能的成因，并强调应当尽早解决问题，故A正确。肥胖问题的阵营没有转移，只是扩大了，故D不对。B只是片面信息，没有包括最后一段关于如何解决肥胖问题的内容。C中的starvation并非本文讨论的主要话题。 46、B 第1段第1句中的every，often等词表明这种做法在父母中是非常普遍的。显然B与之相符。 47、C 第1段第2句说明父母逼得太过分，应避免。最后一句则说明对小孩太放任自流同样不利。由这方面，我们可以做出如下判断:父母对孩子的“严”和“松”之间有一个恰当的“度”。C与此相符。 48、C 文章第2段表明:一般来说，对小孩的控制不仅是为了孩子个人的幸福，也反映了父母的需要以及社区的价值观。故C与原文相符。 49、D 由precept所在该句可猜测precept应与example“例子”相对，且与下文的preach“说教”意思相近，故D正确。 50、A 第3段提到父母应该避免讲一套做一套，结合最后一段可得出结论:关于教育问题，父母应以身作则，带头遵循。故A正确。 Passage Two 51、D 根据第2段第1句“即使现在停止温室气体的排放，随着全球变暖海平面仍然会上升”可见，温室气体的排放并非最主要原因，气候的变化才是导致海平面上升的最主要原因，因此，本题应选D。 52、D 第3段第3句说被淹没的小片土地上有很多重要的城市，其中包括New York，Sydney和Tokyo，这就意味着海平面上升仍将使这些国家损失惨重，这就是作者通过提及New York，Sydney和Tokyo所要说明的观点，因此，本题应选D。 53、C 第3段最后一句叶economies后的定语从句说明了为什么各国经济想保护沿海城市都无能为力，定语从句中的bring to one's knees是“屈服”的意思，由此可见，从句可理解为“各国经济已被气候变化所控制”，C与此同义，为本题答案。 54、B 根据and连接两个并列成分这个特点可以推断and后的定语从句是用于修饰先行词land的，因此从句中的which指的就是land，由此可见，该从句表明摩天大楼本身的重量使大楼底下的地面下沉，因此，B的说法是正确的。 55、A 最后一段第1句提到已有数百年历史的沿海城市以前的发展计划还算“可以理解”，第2句开头的But表示转折，由此可知，第2句应表明作者不赞同新的沿海发展计划，而go against reality表明新的沿海发展计划不切合实际，因此，本题应选A。 56、D 原文第1段第1句提到最早的造纸方法，第2句指出了最早的造纸原料来自于一种叫“纸草”的植物，因此。本题应选D。原文只有第1段与earliest paper-making有关，A、B、C均缺乏原文依据。 57、A 结合第4段最后一句和接下来的所有段落便知这一句提到的是手工造纸步骤的第一步，由此可见，选择用paper with small amounts of printing是为了“手工造纸”，且接下来的几个段落进一步详述了造纸的其他步骤，因此，本题应选A。 58、C 倒数第2段提及要经过“多次干燥处理”，才能把纸取出，可见，纸是否足够坚韧以便取出，取决于纸浆中含有的水分的多少，因此(本题应选C。 59、A 最后两段是手工造纸的最后两个步骤，最后一段是最后一个步骤，表明把纸从模子中取出后，应该把纸压平，去除残留的空气，A与原文的The paper is smoothed同义，为本题答案。本题较具干扰性的是B和D。B用了倒数第2段末尾的strong一词，倒数第2段表明把纸从模子中取出时，纸已变 得相当坚韧了，因此，B不符合造纸步骤的先后顺序;D用了最后一段最后一句的iron一词作干扰，但用普通电熨斗只是把纸压平的一个办法(原文未表明这是一定得用的方法，因此，D也不对。 60、B 前4段介绍了造纸术的发展，第5段至最后一段描述了造纸的步骤，据第4段的最后一句的But...可知作者强调的是造纸的步骤，因此，本文主要是为了介绍造纸的过程，故选B。D很具干扰性，the possibility of paper-making by hand在第4段最后一句提到，但是作者在本文并没有为任何观点而argue，全文的语气是描述性的，因此，D不正确。