2010年广东外语国际贸易大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题答案解析

才思教育考研考博全心全意更多资料下载：www.caisiedu.comQQ：12751814761398338755咨询电话：4000719069广东外语外贸2010年MTI硕士入学考试第1卷：基础英语Part1:GrammarandVocabulary.（30POINTS）01.Althoughshegivesbadly____titlestohermusicalcompositions,they____unusualcombinationsofmaterialsincludingclassicalmusicpatternsandrhythms,electronicsounds,andbirdsongs.A.conventional/incorporateB.eccentric/deployC.traditional/excludeD.imaginative/disguise02.EventhoughthefolktalesPerroultcollectedandretoldwerenotsolelyFrenchinorigin,hisversionsofthemweresodecidedlyFrenchinstylethatlateranthologiesofFrenchfolktaleshavenever____them.A.excludedB.admiredC.collectedD.comprehended03.Inarguingagainstassertionsthatenvironmentalcatastropheisimminent,herbookdoesnotridiculeallpredictionsofdoombutratherclaimsthattherisksofharmhaveinmanycasesbeen____.A.exaggeratedB.ignoredC.scrutinizedD.derided04.Thereseemstobeno____thereadingpublic’sthirstforbooksaboutthe1960’s:indeed,thenormallevelofinteresthas____recentlybecauseofaspateofpopulartelevisiondocumentaries.A.quenching/moderatedB.whetting/mushroomedC.slaking/increasedD.ignoring/transformed05.Despiteatendencytobeovertly____,thepoetryoftheMiddleAgesoftensparkstheimaginationandprovideslivelyentertainment,aswellaspioussentiments.A.divertingB.emotionalC.didacticD.romantic06.Oneofthefirst____ofreducedburninginAmazonrainforestswasthechestnutindustry:smoketendstodriveouttheinsectthat,bypollinatingchestnuttree,allowchestnutstodevelop.A.reformersB.discoveriesC.casualtiesD.beneficiaries07.Theresearchcommitteeurgedthearchaeologistto____herclaimthatthetombshehas才思教育考研考博全心全意更多资料下载：www.caisiedu.comQQ：12751814761398338755咨询电话：4000719069discoveredwasthatofAlexandertheGreat,sinceherinitialreporthasbeenbasedonlyon____.A.disseminate/suppositionB.withdraw/evidenceC.undercut/capriceD.document/conjecture08.AlthoughHeroniswellknownforthebroadcomedyinthemoviesshehasdirectedpreviously,hernewfilmislessinclinedto____:thegagsarefewerandsubtler.A.understatementB.preciosityC.symbolismD.melodrama09.Bebop’slegacyis____one:bebopmayhavewonjazztherighttobetakenseriouslyasanartform,butit____jazz’smassaudience,whichturnedtootherformsofmusicsuchasrockandpop.A.amixed/alienatedB.atroubled/seducedC.anambiguous/aggrandizedD.avaluable/refined10.Theexhibition’simportanceliesinits____:curatorshavegatheredadiversearrayofsignificantworksfrommanydifferentmuseums.A.homogeneityB.sophistryC.scopeD.farsightedness11.Despitethefactthatthecommission’sreporttreatsavitallyimportanttopic,thereportwillbe____readbecauseitsproseisso____thatunderstandingitrequiresanenormouseffort.A.seldom/transparentB.carefully/pellucidC.little/turgidD.eagerly/digressive12.Carletonwouldstillrankamongthegreat____ofnineteenthcenturyAmericanartevenifthecircumstanceofherlifeandcareerwereless____thantheyare.A.celebrities/obscureB.failures/illustriousC.charlatans/impeccableD.enigmas/mysterious13.Althoughbasedonanactualevent,thefilmlacks____:thedirectorshufflesevents,simplifiesthetangleofrelationships,and____documentarytruthfordramaticpower.A.conviction/embracesB.expressiveness/exaggeratesC.verisimilitude/sacrificesD.realism/substitutes14.WhenAdolphOchsbecamethepublisherofTheNewYorkTimes,heendowedthepaperwithauniquely____tone,avoidingthe____editorialsthatcharacterizedothermajorpapersofthetime.A.abstruse/scholarlyB.dispassionate/shrillC.argumentative/tendentiousD.cosmopolitan/timely15.Thereareasgoodfishinthesea____evercameoutofit.A.thanB.likeC.asD.so16.AllthePresident’sMen____oneoftheimportantbooksforhistorianswhostudytheWatergateScandal.A.remainB.remainsC.remainedD.isremaining才思教育考研考博全心全意更多资料下载：www.caisiedu.comQQ：12751814761398338755咨询电话：400071906917.“You____borrowmynotesprovidedyoutakecareofthem”,Itoldmyfriend.A.couldB.shouldC.mustD.can18.Ifonlythepatient____adifferenttreatmentinsteadofusingtheantibiotics,hemightstillbealivenow.A.hadreceivedB.receivedC.shouldreceiveD.werereceiving19.Lindawas____theexperimentamonthago,butshechangedhermindatthelastminute.A.tostartB.tohavestartedC.tobestartingD.tohavebeenstarting20.She____fiftyorsowhenIfirstmetherattheconference.A.mustbeB.hadbeenC.couldbeD.musthavebeen21.Itisnot____muchthelanguageasthebackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.A.thatB.asC.soD.very22.Thecommitteehasanticipatedtheproblemsthat____intheroadconstructionproject.A.ariseB.willariseC.aroseD.havearisen23.ThestudentsaidtherewereafewPointsintheessayhe____impossibletocomprehend.A.hadfoundB.findsC.hasfoundD.wouldfind24.Hewouldhavefinishedhiscollegeeducation,buthe____toquitandfindajobtosupporthisfamily.A.hadhadB.hasC.hadD.wouldhave25.Theresearchrequiresmoremoneythan____.A.havebeenputinB.hasbeenputinC.beingputinD.tobeputin26.Overpopulationposesaterriblethreattothehumanrace.Yetitisprobably____athreattothehumanracethanenvironmentaldestruction.A.nomoreB.notmoreC.evenmoreD.muchmore27.Itisnotuncommonforthere____problemsofcommunicationbetweentheoldandtheyoung.A.beingB.wouldbeC.beD.tobe28.____atinhisway,thesituationdoesnotseemsodesperate.A.LookingB.LookedC.BeinglookedD.Tolook29.ItisabsolutelyessentialthatWilliam____hisstudyinspiteofsomelearningdifficulties.A.willcontinueB.continuedC.continueD.continues30.Thepaintingheboughtatthestreetmarkettheotherdaywasa____forgery.A.man-madeB.naturalC.crudeD.realPart2:ReadingComprehension.（40POINTS）PassageA才思教育考研考博全心全意更多资料下载：www.caisiedu.comQQ：12751814761398338755咨询电话：4000719069OnNewYear’sDay,50,000inmatesinKenyanjailswentwithoutlunch.Thiswasnotsomemasshungerstriketohighlightpoorlivingconditions.Itwasanextraordinaryhumanitariangesture:themoneythatwouldhavebeenspentontheirluncheswenttothecharityFoodAidtohelpfeedanestimated3.5millionKenyanswho,becauseofaseveredrought,arethreatenedwithstarvation.ThedroughtisbignewsinAfrica,affectinghugeareasofeastAfricaandtheHorn.Ifyouarereadingthisinthewest,however,youmaynotbeawareofit—themediaisnotinterestedinoldstories.Evenifyoudoknowaboutthedrought,youmaynotbeawarethatitisdevastatingonegroupofpeopledisproportionately:thepastoralists.Thereare20millionnomadicorsemi-nomadicherdersinthisregion,andtheyarefastbecomingsomeofthepoorestpeopleinthecontinent.TheirplightencapsulatesAfrica’sperennialproblemwithdroughtandfamine.Howso?Itcomesdowntothereluctanceofgovernments,aidagenciesandforeignlenderstosupporttheherders’traditionalwayoflife.Insteadtheyhavetendedtotrytoturnthemintocommercialranchersoragriculturalists,eventhoughithasbeendemonstratedtimeandagainthatpastoralistsarewelladaptedtotheirharshenvironments,andthatmovinglivestockaccordingtotheseasonsorclimaticchangesmakestheirmethodsfarmoreviablethanagricultureinsub-Saharandrylands.Furthermore,Africanpastoralistsystemsareoftenmoreproductive,intermsofproteinandcashperhectare,thanAustralian,AmericanandotherAfricanranchesinsimilarclimaticconditions.Theymakeasubstantialcontributiontotheircountries’nationaleconomies.InKenya,forexample,theturnoverofthepastoralistsectorisworth$800millionperyear.IncountriessuchasBurkinaFaso,EritreaandEthiopia,hidesfrompastoralists’herdsmakeupover10percentofexportearnings.Despitethisproductivity,pastoralistsstillstarveandtheiranimalsperishwhendroughthits.Onereasonisthatonlyatrickleoftheprofitsgoestotheherdersthemselves;thelion’sshareispocketedbytraders.Thisispartlybecausetheherdersonlysellmuchoftheirstockduringtimesofdroughtandfamine,whentheyneedthecashtobuyfood,andthetermsoftradeinthissituationneverworkintheirfavour.Anotherreasonisthelackofinvestmentinherdingareas.FundingbodiessuchastheWorldBankandUSAIDtriedtoaddresssomeoftheproblemsinthe1960s,investingmillionsofdollarsincommercialbeefanddairyproduction.Itdidn’twork.Firstly,noonebotheredtoconsultthepastoralistsaboutwhattheywanted.Secondly,rearinglivestocktookprecedenceoverhumanprogress.Thepoliciesandstrategiesofinternationaldevelopmentagenciesmoreorlessmirroredthethinkingoftheircolonialpredecessors.Theywerebasedontwofalseassumptions:thatpastoralismisprimitiveandinefficient,whichledtonumerousfailedschemesaimedatconvertingherderstomodernranchingmodels;andthatAfrica’sdrylandscansupportcommercialranching.Theycannot.MostofAfrica’sherdersliveinareaswithunpredictableweathersystemsthataretotallyunsuitedtocommercialranching.才思教育考研考博全心全意更多资料下载：www.caisiedu.comQQ：12751814761398338755咨询电话：4000719069Whatthepastoralistsneedissupportfortheirtraditionallifestyle.Overthepastfewyears,fundersandpolicy-makershavebeenstartingtogetthemessage.Oneexampleisinterventionbygovernmentstoensurethatpastoralistsgetfairpricesfortheircattlewhentheysellthemintimesofdrought,sothattheycanaffordtobuyfodderfortheirremaininglivestockandcerealstokeepthemselvesandtheirfamiliesalive(theprobleminAfricanfaminesisnotsomuchalackoffoodasalackofmoneytobuyit).Anotherexampleisadroughtearly-warningsystemrunbytheKenyangovernmentandtheWorldBankthathashelpedavertlivestockdeaths.Thisisallpromising,butmoreneedstobedone.SomeAfricangovernmentsstillfavourforcingpastoraliststosettle.Theyshouldheedthelatestscientificresearchdemonstratingtheproductivityoftraditionalcattle-herding.Ultimately,sustainableruraldevelopmentinpastoralistareaswilldependonincreasingtrade,soonethinggoingforthemisthegrowingdemandforlivestockproducts:therewilllikelybeanadditional2billionconsumersworldwideby2020,thevastmajorityindevelopingcountries.Toensurethatpastoralistsbenefit,itwillbecrucialtogivethemagreatersayinlocalpolicies.Otherkeytasksincludegivingagreatersaytowomen,whoplaycriticalrolesinlivestockproduction.Therichworldshouldpayproperattentiontotheplightofthepastoralists.Leavingthemdependentonforeignfoodaidisunsustainableandwillleadtomoreresentment,conflict,environmentaldegradationandmalnutrition.Itisintherichworld’sintereststohelpout.01.WhichofthefollowingCANNOTbeconcludedfromthepassage?____A.ForcingAfrica’snomadicherderstobecomerancherswillsavethemfromdrought.B.ThedifferencebetweenpastoralistandagriculturalistisvitaltotheAfricanpeople.C.TherichworldshouldgivemoresupporttotheAfricanpeopletoovercomedrought.D.EnvironmentaldegradationshouldbethemajorconcernindevelopingAfrica’spastoralism.02.Theword“encapsulates”inthesentence“TheirplightencapsulatesAfrica’sperennialproblemwithdroughtandfamine.”(para.l)canbereplacedby____.A.concludes.B.involves.C.represents.D.aggravates.03.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardAfricandroughtandtraditionallifestyleofpastoralism?___A.Neutralandindifferent.B.Sympatheticandunderstanding.C.Criticalandvehement.D.Subjectiveandfatalistic.04.Whentheauthorwrites“thepoliciesandstrategiesofinternationaldevelopmentagenciesmoreorlessmirroredthethinkingoftheircolonialpredecessors.”(para.4),heimpliesallthefollowingEXCEPTthattheaidagenciesdidnot____.A.haveanobjectiveviewofthesituationinAfricaB.understandtheunpredictableweathersystemsthereC.feelthemselvessuperiorindecisionmakingD.careaboutthedevelopmentofthelocalpeople才思教育考研考博全心全意更多资料下载：www.caisiedu.comQQ：12751814761398338755咨询电话：400071906905.Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthisarticleis____.A.toevaluatethelivingconditionsofKenyanpastoralistsB.togivesuggestionsonthesupportofthetraditionalpastoralisminAfricaC.toillustratethedifferencebetweencommercialranchingandpastoralismD.tocriticizethecolonialthinkingofwesternaidagenciesPassageBCivil-Libertiesadvocatesreelingfromtherecentrevelationsonsurveillancehadsomethingelsetoworryaboutlastweek:theprivacyofthebillionsofsearchqueriesmadeonsiteslikeGoogle,AOL,YahooandMicrosoft.Aspartofalong-runningcourtcase,thegovernmenthasaskedthosecompaniestoturnoverinformationonitsusers’searchbehavior.AllbutGooglehavehandedoverdata,andnowtheDepartmentofJustice(DOJ)hasmovedtocompelthesearchgianttoturnoverthegoods.Whatmakesthiscasedifferentisthattheintendeduseoftheinformationisnotrelatedtonationalsecurity,butthegovernment’scontinuingattempttopoliceInternetpornography.In1998,CongresspassedtheChildOnlineProtectionAct(COPA),butcourtshaveblockeditsimplementationduetoFirstAmendmentconcerns.Initsappeal,theDOJwantstoprovehoweasyitistoinadvertentlystumbleuponpore.Inordertoconductacontrolledexperiment—tobeperformedbyaUCBerkeleyprofessorofstatistics—theDOJwantstousealargesampleofactualsearchtermsfromthedifferentsearchengines.Itwouldthenusethosetermstodoitsownsearches,employingthedifferentkindsoffilterseachsearchengineoffers,inanattempttoquantifyhowoften“materialthatisharmfultominors”mightappear.Googlecontendsthatsinceitisnotapartytothecase,thegovernmenthasnotrighttodemanditsproprietaryinformationtoperformitstest.“Weintendtoresisttheirmotionvigorously,”saidGoogleattorneyNicoleWong.DOJspokespersonCharlesMillersaysthatthegovernmentisrequestingonlytheactualsearchterms,andnotanythingthatwouldlinkthequeriestothosewhomadethem.(TheDOJisalsodemandingalistofamillionWebsitesthatGoogleindexestodeterminethedegreetowhichobjectionablesitesaresearched.)Originally,thegovernmentaskedforatreasuretroveofallsearchesmadeinJuneandJuly2005;therequesthasbeenscaledbacktooneweek’sworthofsearchqueries.OneoddityabouttheDOJ’sstrategyisthattheexperimentcouldconceivablysinkitsowncase.Ifthebuilt-infiltersthateachsearchengineprovidesareeffectiveinblockingpornsites,thegovernmentwillhavewoundupprovingwhattheoppositionhassaidallalong—youdon’tneedtosuppressspeechtoprotectminorsontheNet.“Wethinkthatourfilteringtechnologydoesagoodjobprotectingminorsfrominadvertentlyseeingadultcontent,”saysRamezNaam,groupprogram才思教育考研考博全心全意更多资料下载：www.caisiedu.comQQ：12751814761398338755咨询电话：4000719069managerofMSNSearch.ThoughthegovernmentintendstousethesedataspecificallyforitsCOPA-relatedtest,it’spossiblethattheinformationcouldleadtofurtherinvestigationsand,perhaps,subpoenastofindoutwhowasdoingthesearching.“Whatifcertainsearchtermsindicatedthatpeoplewerecontemplatingterroristactionsorothercriminalactivities?”SaystheDOJ’sMiller,“I’massumingthatifsomethingraisedalarms,wewouldhanditovertotheproperauthorities.”Privacyadvocatesfearthatifthegovernmentrequestisupheld,itwillopenthedoortofurthergovernmentexaminationofsearchbehavior.OnesolutionwouldbeforGoogletostopstoringtheinformation,butthecompanyhopestoeventuallyusethepersonalinformationofconsentingcustomerstoimprovesearchperformance.“Searchisawindowintopeople’spersonalities,”saysKurtOpsahl,anElectronicFrontierFoundationattorney.“TheyshouldbeabletotakeadvantageoftheInternetwithoutworryingaboutBigBrotherlookingovertheirshoulders.”01.WhentheAmericangovernmentaskedGoogle,AOL,YahooandMicrosofttoturnoverinformationonitsusers’searchbehavior,themajorintentionis____.A.toprotectnationalsecurityB.tohelpprotectpersonalfreedomC.tomonitorInternetpornographyD.toimplementtheChildOnlineProtectionAct02.Googlerefusedtoturnover“itsproprietaryinformation”(para.2)requiredbyDOJasitbelievesthat____.A.itisnotinvolvedinthecourtcaseB.users’privacyismostimportantC.thegovernmenthasviolatedtheFirstAmendmentD.searchtermsisthecompany’sbusinesssecret03.Thephrase“scaledbackto”inthesentence“therequesthasbeenscaledbacktooneweek’sworthofsearchqueries”(para.3)canbereplacedby____.A.maximizedtoB.minimizedtoC.returnedtoD.reducedto04.Inthesentence“OneoddityabouttheDOJ’sstrategyisthattheexperimentcouldconceivablysinkitsowncase.”(para.4),theexpression“sinkitsowncase”mostprobablymeansthat____.A.counterattacktheoppositionB.leadtoblockingofpornsitesC.provideevidencetodisprovethecaseD.givefullgroundtosupportthecase才思教育考研考博全心全意更多资料下载：www.caisiedu.comQQ：12751814761398338755咨询电话：400071906905.WhenKurtOpsahlsaysthat“TheyshouldbeabletotakeadvantageoftheInternetwithoutworryingaboutBigBrotherlookingovertheirshoulders.”(para.5),theexpression“BigBrother”isusedtoreferto____.A.afriendorrelativeshowingmuchconcernB.acolleaguewhoismuchmoreexperiencedC.adominatingandall-powerfulrulingpowerD.abenevolentanddemocraticorganizationPart3:AnsweringQuestions.（20POINTS）PassageAMillionsofelderlyGermansreceivedanoticefromtheHealth&SocialSecurityMinistryearlierthismonththatstruckadamagingblowtothewelfarestate.Thestatementinformedthemthattheirpensionswerebeingcut.Thereductionscomeasastop-gapmeasuretocontrolGermany’sballooningpensioncrisis.Notsurprisingly,itwasanunwelcomechangeforseniorcitizenssuchasSabineWetzel,a67-year-oldretiredbankteller,whowastoldherstatepensionwouldbecutby$12.30,or1%to$1,156.20amonth.“Itwasarealshock,”shesays.“Mypensionhadalwaysgoneupinthepast.”There’smorebadnewsontheway.OnMar.11,Germany’slowerhouseofParliamentpassedabillgraduallycuttingstatepensions—whichhavebeenrisingsteadilysinceWorldWarII—from53%ofaveragewagesnowto46%by2020.AndGermanyisnotalone.GovernmentsacrossWesternEuropeareracingtocurbpensionbenefits.InItaly,thegovernmentplanstoraisetheminimumretirementagefrom57to60,whileFrancewillrequirethatcivilservantsputin40yearsratherthan37.5toqualifyforafullpension.Thereformsarecomingdespitetoughoppositionfromunions,leftistpoliticians,andpensioners’groups.Theexplanationissimple:Europeansarelivinglongerandhavingfewerchildren.By2030therewillonlybetwoworkersperpensioner,comparedwithfourin2000.Withfeweryoungworkerspayingintothesystem,cutsarebeingmadetocoveragrowingshortfall.Thegapbetweenmoneycominginandpaymentsgoingoutcouldtop$10billionthisyearinGermanyalone.“Inthefuture,astatepensionalonewillnolongerbeenoughtomaintainthelivingstandardsemployeeshadbeforetheyretired,”saysGermanHealth&SocialSecurityMinisterUllaSchmidt.SaysItalianFinanceMinisterGiulioTremonti:“Thewelfarestateisproducingtoofewcradlesandtoofewgraves.”Ofcourse,thosepopulationtrendshavebeenforecastforyears.Somecountries,suchasBritainandtheNetherlands,haverespondedbymakingindividualsandtheiremployersassumemoreoftheresponsibilityforpensions.ButmanyContinentalgovernmentsdraggedtheirfeet.Now,therapidrunupincostsisfinallyforcingthemtoact.State-fundedpensionpaymentsmakeuparound12%ofgrossdomesticproductinGermanyandFranceand15%inItaly—twopercentagePointsmorethan20yearsago.Pensionsaccountforanaverage21%ofgovernmentspendingacrosstheEuropeanUnion.TheU.S.SocialSecuritysystem,bycontrast,consumesjust4.8%ofGDP.TherisingcostishavingseriousrepercussionsonkeyEuropeannations’才思教育考研考博全心全意更多资料下载：www.caisiedu.comQQ：12751814761398338755咨询电话：4000719069commitmentstofiscalrestraint.“Governmentshavenochoicebuttomakepensionreformapriority,”saysAntonioCabral,deputydirectoroftheEuropeanCommission’sDirectorateGeneralforEconomic&FinancialAffairs.Justasworrisomeisthetollbeingexactedontheprivatesector,corporatecontributionstostatepensionsystems—whichmakeup19.5%oftotalgrosspayinGermany—addtoEurope’salreadybloatedlaborcosts.That,inturn,bluntsmanufacturers’competitivenessandkeepsunemploymentrateshigh.AccordingtotheInstituteofGermanEconomicsinCologne,benefitcostsreachedarecord41.7%ofgrosswagesinGermanylastyear,comparedwith37.4%adecadebefore.FrenchcementmanufacturerLafargesayspensioncostof$121millioncontributedtoa9%fallinoperatingprofitslastyear.Tocope,GermanyandmostofitsEUpartnersareusingtaxbreakstoencourageemployeestoputmoneyintoprivatepensionschemes.Butevenifprivatepensionsbecomemorepopular,Europeangovernmentswillhavetoincreaseminimumretirementagesandreducepublicpensions.Whiletoday’sseniorscomplainaboutreducedbenefits,thenextgenerationofretireesmaylookbackontheirparents’pensioncheckswithenvy.QuestionsParaphraseItalianFinanceMinisterGiulioTremonti’sstatement“Thewelfarestateisproducingtoofewcradlesandtoofewgraves”?Whatisimpliedbythelastsentenceofthepassage“Whiletoday’sseniorscomplainaboutreducedbenefits,thenextgenerationofretireesmaylookbackontheirparents’pensioncheckswithenvy”?PassageBIntheolddays,itwasalldonewithcakes.ForMarcelProust,itwasavisittoMother’sforteaandmadeleinesthatprovidedtheaccessto“thevaststructureofrecollection”thatwastobecomehismasterpieceonmemoryandnostalgia,“RemembranceofPastThings.”Thesedays,it’snotnecessaryt