高级英语第一册修辞手法总结

Lesson1"Wecanbattendownandrideitout,"hesaid.(Para.4)metaphor.Windandrainnowwhippedthehouse.(Para.7)personification、metaphorThechildrenwentfromadulttoadultlikebucketsinafirebrigade.simileHeheldhisheadbetweenhishands,andsilentlyprayed:“Getusthroughthismess,willYou"(Para.17)alliterationItseizeda600,000-gallonGulfportoiltankanddumpeditmilesaway.personificationTelephonepolesand20-inch-thickpinescrackedlikegunsasthewindssnappedthem.simile、onomatopoeia(拟声)SeveralvacationersattheluxuriousRichelieuApartmentsthereheldahurricanepartytowatchthestormfromtheirspectacularvantagepoint.(Para.20)transferredepithet8.RichelieuApartmentsweresmashedapartasifbyagiganticfist,and26peopleperished.(Para.20)simile、personificationandblowndownpowerlinescoiledlikeblackspaghettiovertheroads.simileandmedicalsuppliesstreamedinbyplane,train,truckandcar.(Para.31)metaphorLesson4Darrowhadwhisperedthrownareassurinaarmaroundmyshoulderaswewerewaitingforthecourttoopen.(para2)TransferredepithetThecasehaderuptedroundmyheadnotlongafterIarrivedinDaytonassciencemasterandfootballcoachatsecondaryschool.(para3)SynecdocheAfterawhile,itisthesettingofmanagainstmanandcreedagainstcreeduntilwearemarchingbackwardstothegloriousageofthesixteenthcentury.(para14)Irony''Thereissomedoubtaboutthat11Darrowsnorted.(para19)SarcasmTheChristianbelievesthatmancamefromabove.Theevolutionistbelievesthathemusthavecomefrombelow.(para20)AntithesisGonewasthefiercefervorofthedayswhenBryanhadsweptthepoliticalarenalikeaprairie.(para22)Alliteration;SimileThecrowdseemedtofeelthattheirchampionhadnotscorchedtheinfidelswiththehotbreadthofhisoratoryasheshouldhave.(Para22)Heappealedforintellectualfreedom,andaccusedBryanofcallingforadueltothedeathbetweenscienceandreligion.(Para23)ThecourtbrokeintoastormofapplausethatsurpassedthatBryan.Snowball:growquickly;spar:fightwithwords;thunder:sayangrilyandloudly;scorch:thoroughlydefeat;duel:lifeanddeathstruggle;stormofapplause:loudapplausebymanypeople;theoratoricalduel:springthetrumpcard.MetaphorDudleyFieldMalonecalledmyconvictiona''victoriousdefeat'(para45)AwomanwhisperedloudlyashefinishedhisaddressOxymoronMyheartwentouttotheoldwarriorasspectatorspushedbyhimtoshakeDarrow'shand.MetonymyItisnotgoingtobedrivenoutofthiscourtbyThespectatorschuckledandBryanwarmedtohiswork.--Line101Ridicule...Carryingapalmfanlikeaswordtorepelhisenemies.RidiculeWithafanblowingonhimpunLesson5ThelibidofortheuglyHerewastheveryheartofindustrialAmerica,thecenterofitsmostlucrativeandcharacteristicactivity(line6)metaphor;transferredepithetHerewaswealthbeyondcomputation,almostbeyondimagination--andherewerehumanhabitationssoabominablethattheywouldhavedisgracedaraceofalleycats.Antithesis(对偶句)Repetition(line10)Therewasnotoneinsightfromthetrainthatdidnotinsultandlaceratetheage.Synecdoche(提喻)(line16)TherewasnotasingledecenthousewithineyerangefromthePittsburghtotheGreensburgyards.Therewasnotonethatwasmisshapen,andtherewasnotonethatwasnotshabby.Understatement;Litotes曲言)(line26)Thecountryisnotuncomely,despitethegrimoftheendlessmills.Litotes;Overstatement(line29)Theywouldhaveperfectedachalettohugthehillsides.Metaphor(line36)Ontheirlowsidestheyburythemselvesswinishlyinthemud.Metaphor(line46)Andoneandalltheyarestreakedingrim,withdeadandeczematouspatchesofpaintpeepingthroughthestreaks.Metaphor(line49)Whenithastakenonthepatinaofthemills,itisthecolorofafriedegg.Whenithastakenonthepatinaofthemills,itisthecolorofanegglongpastallhopeorcaring.Line52MetaphorIawardthischampionshiponlyafterlaboriousresearchandincessantprayer.Irony(line60).andNewportNews：inaPullman,Ihavewhirledthroughthegloomy(line67)MetonymyButintheAmericanvillageandsmalltownthepullisalwaystowardsugliness,andinthatWestmorelandvalleyithasbeenyieldedtowithaneagernessborderinguponpassion.Ridicule(line88)Itisincrediblethatmereignoranceshouldhaveachievedsuchmasterpiecesofhorror.Irony(line90)OncertainlevelsoftheAmericanrace,indeed,thereseemstobepositivelibidofortheugly,asontheotherandlessChristianlevelsthereisalibidoforthebeautiful.line91AntithesisThetasteforthemisasenigmaticalandyetascommonasthetasteforthedogmatictheologyandthepoetryofEdgar.MetaphorAndsomeofthemareappreciablybetter.Line109SarcasmTheyletitmellowintoitspresentshockingdepravity.Metaphor;sarcasmTheeffectisthatofafatwomanwithablackeye.MetaphorLesson61・MostAmericansrememberMarkTwainasthefatherofHuchFinn's(synecdoche)idylliccruisethroughtheeternalboyhoodandTomSawyer'sendlesssummeroffreedomandadventure.Hyperbole2・丨foundanotherTwainaswellsynecdoche3・amanwhobecameobsessedwiththefrailtiesofthehumanrace,whosawclearlyaheada_backwallofnight.metaphor4・Thegeographiccore,inTwain'searlyyears,wasthegreatvalleyoftheMississippiRiver,mainarteryoftransportationintheyoungnation'sheart.metaphor5・Lumber,corn,tobacco,wheat,andfursmoveddownstreamtothedeltacountry;sugar,molasses,cotton,andwhiskytravelednorth.(antithesisthecastofcharacterssetbeforehiminhisnewprofessionwasrichandvaried—acosmosalliterationmetaphorSteamboatsdecksteemednotonlywiththemaincurrentofpioneeringhumanity,butitsflotsamofhustlers,gamblers,andthugsaswell.MetaphorForeightmonthsheflirtedwiththecolossalwealthavailabletotheluckyandpersistent,metaphor9・HewentwestbystagecoachandsuccumbedtotheepidemicofgoldandsilverfeverinNevada'sWashoeregion.metaphorFromthediscouragementofhisminingfailures,MarkTwainbegandigginghiswaytoregionalfameasanewspaperreporterandhumorist.metaphorTheinstantrichesofaminingstrikewouldnotbehisinthereportingtrade,butformakingmoney,hispenwouldprovemightierthanhispickax.metonymyinthespringof1864,lessthantwoyearsafterjoiningtheTerritorialEnterphreisbeo,ardedthestagecoachforSanFrancisco,thenandnowahotbedofhopefulyoungwriters.metaphorMarkTwainhonedandexperimentedwithhisnewwriting(metonymy)muscles...metaphorItwasasplendidpopulationforalltheslow,sleepy,sluggish-brainedslothsstayathome.alliteration“Itwasasplendidpopulationforalltheslow,sleepy,sluggish-brainedslothsstayedathome.”alliteration“ItwasthatpopulationthatgavetoCaliforniaanameforgettingupastoundingenterprisesandrushingthemthroughwithamagnificentdashanddaring(alliteration)andarecklessnessofcoatorconsequences,whichshe(synecdoche)bearsontothisdayandwhensheprojectsanewsurprise,thegraveworld(transferredepithet)smiles(personification)asusual,andsays‘Well,thisisCaliforniaallover.'”TwoyearslatertheopportunitycameforhimtotakeadistinctlyAmericanlookattheoldworld.transferredepithetpleasurecruise(metaphor)Bitternessfedonthemanwhohadmadetheworldlaugh,personification19.Americalaughedwithhim.personificationandsynecdoche20・TomSawyerquicklybecameaclassictaleofAmericanboyhood.(Para.13)synecdocheTom'smischievousdaring,ingenuity,andsweetinnocenceofhisaffectionfor.....(transferredepithetSixchaptersintoTomSawyers,hedragsin"thejuvenilepariah....”metaphorIhavetriedit,andIdon'twork;itdon'twork,Tom.Itain'tforme.Thewiddereatsbyabell;shegoestobedbyabell;shegitsupbyabell—everything'ssoawfulreg'larbodycan'tstandit.alliterationparallelismrepetitionNineyearsafterTomSawyersweptthenation.(metaphorBitternessfedonthemanwhohadmadetheworldlaughed.metaphorNowtheglovescameoffwithbitingsatire.transferredepithetmetaphordictatinghisautobiographylateinlife,hecommentedwithacrushingsenseofdespaironmen'sfinalreleasefromearthlystruggles.metaphorwherethehaveleftnosignthattheyhadexisted—aworldwhichwilllamentthemadayandforgetthemforever.antithesispersonificationLesson11Alliterationbrittleandbrownwillowandwitchhazelgreatgreen-and-yellowgrasshopperstheeagleandtheelkthebadgerandthebearbentandblindsadinthesound,syllablesofsorrowleanandleatherjestandgesturefrightandfalsealarm,fringedandfloweredshawls,brightbeadworkAtadistanceinJulyorAugustthesteamingfoliageseemsalmosttowritheinfire.()不晓得是哪个补充一下Itwasalongjourneytowardthedawn,anditledtoagoldenage.()metaphornolongerweretheyslavestothesimplenecessityofsurvival;()metaphorIwantedtoseeinrealitywhatshehadseenmoreperfectlyinthemind'seye,andtraveledfifteenhundredmilesnobeginmypilgrimage.()metaphorDescendingeastward,thehighlandmeadowsareastairwaytotheplain.()metaphorTheearthunfoldsandthelimitofthelandrecedes.()metaphorgoingoutuponacane,veryslowlyasshedidwhentheweightofagecameuponher;()metaphortransportedsointhedancinglightamongtheshadowsofherroom,()metaphorhousesarelikesentinelsintheplain,()metaphorLesson13NoSignpostsintheSea★为课后习题中的修辞题目Ihaveneverhadmuchofaneyefornoticingtheclothesofwomen..(Para1)Metonymyintheeveningshewearssoftrichcolours,darkred,olivegreen,midnightblue...(Para1)Metonymy★3・Hesaysheusedtoreadme..(Para2)Metonymy★4・Protestsaboutdamageto'naturalbeauty'frozemewithcontempt.(Para3)MetaphorAndnowseehowIstand,assentimentalandsensitiveasanyoldmaid.(Para4)AlliterationIamgloriouslyandadolescent"silly.(Para4)TransferredEpithet…IwantmyfillofbeautybeforeIgo.(Para4)Euphemism★Theyoungmoonliesonherbacktonightasisherhabitinthetropics,andas,Ithink,issuitableifnotseemlyforavirgin,(Para5)Personification★9・Notastarbutmightnotshootdownandaccepttheinvitationtobecomeherlover.(Para5)Personification★...evenasIenjoythecleanvoluptuousnessofthewarmbreezeonmyskinandthecoolsupportofthewater...(Para5)TransferredEpithet★Itmaybebydaylight,lookingatthesea,rippledwithlittlewhiteponiesorwithnoripplesatallbutonlythelazysatinofblue,marbledattheedgewherethepassageofourshiphasdisturbedit.(Para6)MetaphorThestarsseemedlittlecutsintheblackcover..(Para6)Metaphor13・...nosignofhabitation,veryblenchedandbarren,(Para8)Alliteration★WhatIlikebestarethe①sterncliff,withrangesofmountains②soaringbehindthem...(Para8)①Personification②MetaphorWhatplantsofthehighaltitudesgrowunravishedamongtheircragsandvalleys(Para8)Metonymylikedelicateflowers,forthediscoveryoftheventuresome.(Para8)MetaphorIwonderedwhatmortalcontrolledit,inwhatmustbeoneoftheloneliest,mostforbiddingspotsonearth.(Para12)Hyperbole...butImustsayIfinditrefreshingtothinktherearestillafewoddfishleftintheworld.(Para16)Metaphor...followsashiponlytoacertainlatitudeandthenturnsback..(Para17)MetonymyWemightalltakealessonfromhim,knowingthelatitudewecanpermitourselves.(Para17)Metaphor...andthescratchylittleflying-fishhavethevastcirclealltothemselves...(Para18)Metonymy22・ThisisthenewEdmundCarrwithavengeance.(Para19)SynecdocheGod,istherenoescapefromsufferingandsin(Para25)RhetoricalQuestion...wewaitforitwhilethe①redball,cutinhalfasthoughbyaknife,sinkstoitsdaily②doom.(Para26)①Innuendo②Metaphor25・Thencomethe①twilightcoloursofseaandheaven(...suddenlyin②theselatitudes,atanytareonsealevel),thewinepinkwidthofwatermerginginto③lawnsofaquamarine,andthesky④atenderpaletteofpinkandblue...(Para26)①Metaphor②Metonymy③Metaphor★④Metaphor★Nowtheindolenceofsouthernlatitudeshascapturedme.(Para33)MetonymyBlue,thecolourofpeace.(Para33)Metaphor28・…丨hadnotemptationtotakeaflyingholidaytotheSouth...(Para33)TransferredEpithet★29・AndthenIlikeallthesmallnoisesofaship:thefaintcreaking,asofthesaddle-leathertoahorsemanridingacrossturf,theslapofarope,thehissofsuddenspray.(Para34)Onomatopoeia★30・ButaboveallIlovetheselongpurposelessdaysinwhichIshedallthatIhaveeverbeen.(Para34)TransferredEpithet1・Lesson14SpeechonHitler'sInvasionofthechangedconvictionintocertainty,(Para1)Alliteration2・Ihadnottheslightestdoubtwhereourdutyandpolicylay.(Para1)Litotes3・Isupposetheywillberoundedupinhordes,(Para1)Metaphor4....Iaskedwhetherforhim,thearchanti-Communist,thiswasnotbowingdownintheHouseofRimmon.(Para5)Metaphor5・IfHitlerinvadedHellIwouldmakeatleastafavorablereferencetotheDevilintheHouseofCommons.(Hitlerismuchevilerthanthedevil.)(Para5)Hyperbole6.TheMazeregimeisdevoidofallthemeandprincipleexceptappetiteandracialdomination.(Para8)MetaphorItexcelsallformsofhumanwickednessintheefficiencyofitscrueltyandferociousaggression.(Para8)Irony8・丨seetheRussiansoldiersstandingonthethresholdoftheirnativeland...(Para8)Metaphor9・一forthesafetyoftheirlovedones,thereturnofthebread-winner,oftheirchampion,oftheirprotector.(Para8)Innuendo10・IseethetenthousandvillagesofRussiawherethemeansofexistenceiswrungsohardlyfromthesoil.(Para8)Metaphor11・IseeadvancinguponallthisinhideousonslaughttheNaziwarmachine,withitsclanking,heel-clicking,dandifiedPrussianofficers,...(Para8)Metaphor12・Iseeallthe①dull,drilled,docile,brutish,massesoftheHunsoldieryploddingon②likeaswarmofcrawlinglocusts,(Para8)①Alliteration②Simile'Ridicule13・IseetheGerman①bombersandfightersinthesky,still②smartingfrommanyaBritish③whipping.④delightedtofindwhattheybelieveisaneasierandsafer⑤prey(theRussiansoldiers).(Para8)①Synecdoche②③④Metaphor'Personification⑤Metaphor14.Behindallthis①glare,behindallthis②storm,Iseethatsmallgroupofvillainousmenwhoplan,organize,andlaunchthis③cataractofhorrorsuponmankind.(Para9)①Metaphor②Metaphor③Metaphor15・IhavetodeclarethedecisionofHisMajesty'sGovernment.(Para10)Antonomasia—forwemustspreadoutnowatonce,withoutadaysdelay,(Para10)RepetitionIhavetomakethedeclaration,butcanyoudoubtwhatourpolicywillbe(Para10)RhetoricalQuestionWehavebutoneaimandonesingle,irrevocablepurpose.(Para10)Repetition19・WeareresolvedtodestroyHitlerandeveryvestigeoftheNaziregime.(Para10)MetaphorFromthisnothingwillturnus—nothing.(Para10)InversionWewillneverparley,wewillnevernegotiate^(Para10)Repetition22・Wehaveridtheearthofhisshadow(influence)andliberateditspeoplesfromhisyoke(control).(Para10)Metaphor23・①Anymanorstatewho②marcheswithHitlerisourfoe.(Para10)①Antithesis②Metaphor24.Itfollowsthereforethatweshall....Weshall...,asweshallfaithfullyandsteadfastlytotheend...(Para10)Parallelism25・ButwhenIspoke...whichhaveimpelledorluredhimonhisRussianadventureIsaidtherewasonedeepermotivebehindhisoutrage.(Para12)EuphemismHewishestodestroytheRussianpower..fromtheEastandhurlituponthisIsland,whichheknows....ofhiscrimes.(Para12)①Metaphor②Synecdoche...andthathecanoverwhelmGreatBritainbeforetheFleetandairpoweroftheUnitedStatesmayintervene.(Para12)Synecdoche28・Hehassolongthrivedandprospered.(Para12)Repetition29・...andthatthenthe①scenewillbeclearforthefinal②act,...(Para12)①Metaphor②Euphemism30・...，justasthecauseofanyRussianfightingforhishearthandhomeisthecauseoffreemenandfreepeoplesineveryquarteroftheglobe.(Para13)Alliteration31・Letuslearnthelessonsalreadytaughtbysuchcruelexperience.(Para13)Alliteration