宾语从句ppt讲解

什么是宾语从句宾语从句的语序宾语从句的时态宾语从句的连接词什么是宾语Ilikemyteacher.名词作宾语Ienjoyplayingbasketball.动名词作宾语Idecidetostudyhard.不定式作宾语Iknowhim.代词作宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。我们知道姚明WeknowYaoMing．我们知道他是一个著名的篮球运动员Weknow宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语,并有一个连接词引导。一什么是宾语从句试比较宾o宾o主s谓vheisafamousbasketballplayer主s谓v宾othat连接词我们知道他是一个著名的篮球运动员谓v主s有哪些句子可以做宾语1,陈述句,heisafamousbasketballplayer2,一般疑问句,Willourteachersattendthemeeting3,特殊疑问句,whichcoatdidyouprefer一、连词引导词1.当宾语从句是陈述句时包括肯定句和否定句,连词由that引导,因为that在从句中不作任何成分,也没有任何具体意思,因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略LinTaofeelsthathisownteamisevenbetter.Shesaysthatshewon’ttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday.Jimthoughtthatthetrainwaslikeabigmovingparty.Hesaidthathewouldliketoseetheheadmaster.在主句为动词be加某些形容词如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等作表语时,后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句I’msorrythatIdon’tknow.We’resurethatourteamwillwin.I’mafraidthathewon’tpasstheexam.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句e.g.Ihearthat_______________________.一小时后他会回来Hesaidthat______________________.他非常想念我们Theteachertoldusthat___________________________.地球围着太阳转hewillbebackinanhourhemissedusverymuchtheearthmovesaroundthesun练一练1.Thisisabook.2.Youlikesinging.3.Heworkedlastnight.4.Theywillgohome.5.JimhasbeentoBeijing.6.Shesingswell.用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Iknow…2.Shesays…3.Tellyourfriend…that一般疑问句做宾语我问他是否想去游泳1,改为陈述句语气,2,用if/whether连接IaskDoeshewanttogoswimhewantstogoswimIf/whetherIask一宾语从句的语序句子的两种语序:1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序2疑问句结构叫疑问语序宾语从句必须用________陈述语序Thereisashopnearhere.Isthereashopnearhere练习：将下列句子改成陈述句语序：1.Isthereabanknearhere2.IsitonFifthAvenue3.AretheydoinghomeworkThereisabanknearhereItisonFifthAvenueTheyaredoinghomework4.Doessheworkinahospital5.DidyougotoCenterPark6.DowehavetowearauniformsheworksinahospitalyouwenttoCenterParkwehavetowearauniformwecanwearhatsinschool7.Canwewearhatsinschool由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：Iwanttoknowifwhetherhelivesthere.HeaskedmewhetherifIcouldhelphim.注意一下情况只用whether,不用if。1.whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或ornot直接连用。如：Letmeknowwhetheryoucaneornot.Letmeknowifyoucaneornot.2.当宾语从句提到句首时,只能用whether引导。如：Whetheritistrueornot,Ican’ttell.Ifitistrueornot,Ican’ttell.3.whether可以引导带to的不定式。如：Idon’tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.Idon’tknowiftoacceptorrefuse.4.whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后,作介词的宾语。如：IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.IworryaboutifIhurtherfeelings.练一练1.Ishereading2.Doyougetupatsix3.DoesTomworkhard4.DidyouwatchTV5.Willtheyreadbooks6.Canyousing用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Doyouknow…2.Iwanttoknow…3.Theteacherasks…if/whether特殊疑问句做宾语WhichcoatdidyoulikebestIwonderwhichcoatyoulikebest.用疑问引导,改为陈述语气。我想知道你最喜欢哪一条领带Whichtiedoyoulikebest特殊疑问句变成陈述语序连接词就是疑问词本身IwonderIwonderATTENTIONwhichtieyoulikebest8.Where’syourpenpalfrom9.Wheredoeshelive10.Whatlanguagedoesshespeak11.WhydoyoulikepandasWhereyourpenpalisfromWherehelivesWhatlanguageshespeaksWhyyoulikepandasDoyouknowwhere_____fromhe,eCanyoutellmewhich_________totheparkbewayheesIstheway练一练WhatisthisWhatareyoudoingWheredoyouliveWhendoeshegetupHowdidyougotoworkWhowillyouplaywith用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Doyouknow…2.Iwanttoknow…3.Canyoutellme…四.宾语从句中时态的变化Ihear(that)Jim(be)aworkertwoyearsago.Jim(be)anEnglishteachernow.Jim(cook)dinnertomorrow.Jim(sing)apopularsongnow.Jim(be)totheGreatWalltwice.Jim(play)basketballwhenhisfathercameback.Jim(learn)1000Chinesewordsbytheendoflastsemester.填一填wasiswillcookissinginghasbeenwasplayinghadlearned1.当主句是一般现在时,宾语从句的时态不作限制,我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。需要性原则2.当主句是一般过去时的时候,宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态,从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。呼应性原则1HewillgotoHongKong.2Heissick.3Heisreadingabook.4Hehasfinishedhiswork.1HetoHongKong.2Hesick.3Heabook.4HeHesaid辨一辨wouldgowaswasreadinghiswork.hadfinished确定从句的时态根据主句时态主句时态从句时态连接前连接后一般现在时时态保持不变一般过去时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时,就不用受到主句时态的限制,仍是用一般现在时态。特殊性原则ATTENTIONHetoldmethatSummerafterSpring.isIwastoldthatthesunmuchbiggerthanthemoon.isthesunmuchbiggerthanthemoon.nonewsgoodnews.MyparentstoldmethatisⅠ.Findoutthemistakesandcorrectthem.1Couldyoutellmewheredotheylive2SheknewthatDannyisastudent.3Hetoldmethatwinterwascolderthanautumn.4Doyouknowwhocaritis找错误wasiswhose宾语从句三要素引导词that陈述句if／whether一般疑问句特殊疑问词特殊疑问句时态主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态主句为一般过去时从句一般过去时过去将来时过去进行时过去完成时语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序客观真理自然现象公式定理名言警句时态不变七.本课小结１．Doyouknow__________________A.wheredoessheliveB.sheliveswhereC.whereshelivesD.whereshelive2.Hisparentswantedtoknowwhathe______atthattime.A.isdoingB.wasdoingC.hasdoneD.willdoCB巩固练习：I．从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。4．Lily’smotherlookedforherforhalfanhour,butcouldnotfind________whatLilywas　B.whatwasLilyC.whereLilywasD.wherewasLily　　　　　　　　　C3.—Wedon’tknow______.--ItissaidthathewasborninCanada.whatheisB.whenhewasbornC.whereheesfromD.ifheliveshereC5Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake6Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travelsD.hadtravelledAC7.Couldyoupleasetellme________hewilleheretomorrowA.ifB.weatherC.whatD.which　　　　　　A8.Couldyoutellme___A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijingCII.改错：1.MissZhangaskedmewhywasIlateforschool.__________________________________________MissZhangaskedmewhyIwaslateforschool.2.Fathertoldmethesunalwaysroseintheeast.__________________________________________Fathertoldmethesunalwaysrisesintheeast.3.Hedoesn’tknowthatwhenshecaneback.__________________________________________Hedoesn’tknowwhenshecaneback.Ⅲ.完成句子。1.Ihearthathe______________inanhour.我听说他一小时后回来。Willbeback2.Hesaidthathe______________verymuch.他说他非常想念我们。missedus3.Askhim____________________.问问他是否能来。If/whetherhecane4.Canyoutellme____________________.你能告诉我他在哪儿吗whereheis宾语从句小结一.结构1.当陈述句作宾语从句时,结构:主句+that+主语+谓语部分2.当一般疑问句作宾语从句时,结构:主句+ifwhether+主语+谓语部分3.当特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,结构:主句+特殊疑问词+主语+谓语部分二．主从时态关系主句从句１．一般现在时２．一般过去时3.特殊:任何时态客观、自然现象三.语序：陈述语序时态不变时态相应变化一般现在时