(超详细答案)综合学术英语教程2答案

综合学术英语 教程 人力资源管理pdf成真迷上我教程下载西门子数控教程protel99se入门教程fi6130z安装使用教程 2答案Unit1MultidisciplinaryEducationKeystotheExercisesApproachingtheTopic1)Theaimofcollegeeducationistoproduceindividualswhoarewellontheirwaytobecomeexpertsintheirfieldofinterest.Thegrowingimportaneeofproducingprofessionalswhohavetheskillstoworkwithpeoplefromadiversesetofdisciplines.First,throughaninterdisciplinaryapproach;Second,throughamultidisciplinaryapproach.Collegeeducationshouldproduceindividualswhomaylaterbecomeexpertwhoareinterdisciplinaryproblemsolvers.1)f2)d3)a4)e5)g6)m7)j8)k9)l10)i11)b12)h13)c(1)offered(2)stresses(3)ability⑷different(5)即proachincreasingly(7)graduates(8)enter(9)positions(10)Employment6.1)Multidisciplinarystudies.Theybothbelievethatcurrentcollegeeducationshouldlayemphasisonmultidisciplinarystudies,whichisaprerequisitetoproducingfutureexpertwhoareinterdisciplinaryproblemsolvers.Open.Open.Open.ReadingabouttheTopic1)ThestudentshavebroughttoMITtheirindividualgifts,suchastheirownintellect,energy,ideas,aspirations,distinctivelifeexperieneeandpointofview,etc.TheyrepresentthegeographicandsymboliccenterofMIT.Namesofintellectualgiants.LeonardodaVinciwasapainter,scientist,engineer,sculptor,inventor,cityplannerandarchitect.Set1:1)c2)e3)d4)h5)a6)g7)f8)bSet2:1)e2)a3)h4)b5)c6)f7)d8)g(b)Para.A(b)Para.B⑻Para.C(c)Para.D(f)Para.E(e)Para.F(d)Para.G(g)Para.A1)Becauseforhim,thesimplicityheappreciatedinnaturebecamehisultimatestandardindesign.FirstwasdaVinci'scompletedisregardfortheacceptedboundariesbetweendifferentfieldsofknowledge.ThesecondfacetofdaVinci'scharacterwashisrespectforandfascinationwithnature.ThethirdqualityofdaVinci'scharacterwasanenthusiasticdemandforhands-onmaking,designing,practicingandtesting,andforsolvingproblemsintherealworld.“ThereisagoodchaneethatyouwillneveragainliveandworkinacommunitywithasmanydifferentculturesandbackgroundsasMIT.”(Para.F)Becausebydoingso,thestudentscanengagethemselvesinnewintellectualadventuressoastousetheirtimeatMITtoitsfullestpotential.Itmeansthat“Theytooktheinitiativetosearchforthedeepestanswers,insteadofsittingbackandlettingthingshappentothem.”Set1:1)h2)d3)a4)g5)f6)e7)b8)cSet2:1)c2)g3)d4)a5)h6)f7)e8)b1)ShewantedtodescribeforthenewstudentsthreeofhischaracteristicsthatparticularlyfitwiththevalueofMIT.Becausebydoingso,thestudentscanencounterthemoststimulatingmindsandinspiringrolemodels,experieneealifeinacommunitywithdiversifiedculturesandbackgroundsandparticipateinvariousnewintellectualadventures,sothattheycangetthemostoutoftheirMITeducation.ThethreeofDaVinci'scharacteristicswillbetheheritageofMITtobeinheritedbythestudents.ShehopedthatthenewstudentswouldfollowDaVinciaswellasagreatmanyextraordinaryMITteachersastheirrolemodelstousetheirtimetoitsfullestpotential.Multidisciplinarythinkingisamodeofthinkingthatgoesbeyonddisciplinaryboundariesinordertogainnewideasandfreshperspectives.1)Humaningenuitywillneverdeviseanyinventionsmorebeautiful,normoresimple,normoretothepurposethanNaturedoes.(Para.A)ForDaVinci,thesimplicityheappreciatedinNaturebecamehisultimatestandardindesign.(Para.B)BeasdeterminedinyourcuriosityasLeonardodaVinci——andyouwilluseyourtimeatMITtoitsfullestpotential.(Para.F)MITisaplaceofpracticaloptimismandofpassionateengagementwiththemostimportantproblemsoftheworld.(Para.G)Ihadlongsinceobservedthatpeopleofaccomplishmentrarelysatbackandletthingshappentothem.(Para.H)ManySCientistsandengineersatMlTPUrSUeSimPIiCityintheirdesignanddevelopmentOftechnoIogies.ExploringtheTopic1)ItisbelievedthatamultidisciplinaryapproachtoSCientificeducationisofvitalimportanee.Second,amultidisciplinaryemphasisisbelievedtobeaPrereqUiSitetotrainingindividuals.ItCannOtbedeniedthatthesefirmsarePartiCiPatinginturningoutthefuturethinkers.HowaboutexaminingourproblemsaboutSCieneeandtechnoIogyfromaIiberaIartsperspective.SUrPriSingly,however,ourUniVerSitieSandcollegesfailtoSWitChfromtheCOnVentionaldivisionsanddepartmentalSeCtionstodailyextracurricularmultidisciplinarywork.Reading1beginsWithacontrast——“CollegeeducationhasalwayshadtheresponSibiIityto...However,...WealsoSeethegrowingimportaneeofPrOdUCing...”.TheintroductionofReading2isinformativeaswellasinteresting,WhiCharousesthereaders'interesttogoonreading.IntegratedEXerCiSeS(1)UItimate(2)SPirit(3)feed(4)approach(5)PrOPerty(6)representdiscipline(8)aspiration(9)inSPire(10)PerSPeCtiVe(11)inherit(12)generate3.ThemembersofawordfamilyChineseequivalentInSPireInSPirationInSPiredInSPiringv.激励n.灵感adj.有灵感的generategenerationgenerativegeneratoradj.鼓舞人心的v.产生n.一代adj.有生产力的n.发电机aspirationaspireaspiringn.渴望v.渴望adj.有抱负的inheritinheritanceinheritorinheritedv.继承n.继承物n.继承人adj.遗传的disciplinedisciplineddisciplinaryn.纪律adj.纪律严明的adj.有关纪律的representrepresentationrepresentativev.代 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf n.表现n.代表者anatomistanatomyanatomicaln.解剖学家n.解剖学adj.解剖的SPeCUIateSPeCUIationSPeCUIatiVeSPeCUIatorv.推测n.推测adj.推测的n.思索者CeIebrateCeIebrationCeIebratedCeIebrityv.庆祝n.庆祝活动adj.著名的n.名人intellectintellectualintelligencen.智力adj.智力的n.智慧adj.有才智的ir⅛O∣labn⅛teCollaborationcollaborativeCollabotatorv.合作n.合作adj.合作的n.合作者Integrateintegratedintegrationv.合并adj.兀整统一的n.整合inSPiring(2)generation(3)collaborative(4)aspiring(5)Intelligentinherit(7)CeIebrity(8)SPeCUIated(9)representative(10)anatomical4.(1)D(2)A(3)C(4)B(5)D(6)A(7)B(8)C(9)A(10)C(1)Manycelebratedresearchersaroundtheworldarecollaboratingtodevelopanewvaccine.Thescientists'experimentgeneratedanunexpectedoutcome.Ifthesystemsarerestructured,theireffectivenesswillbeultimatelyintegratedintotheglobaleconomy.Thedoctorsspeculatethathediedofastrokecausedbyablowonthehead.Themurdertrialattractedconsiderablepublicattention.Theaspirationforcollegeeducationinspirespeopleinremoteareastoworkhard.Heinheritedhisparents'fortuneaftertheirdeath.Hedisregardedhisfather'sadviceandleftcollege.Inthisaddress,heaskedtheyoungsters,whoembodythespiritsofthenation,tojointhecampaign.Thespecialdietincorporatesmanydifferentfruitsandvegetables.7.(1)Whoeverruntheredlightshowsacompletedisregardforpublicsafety.Success,asheexplained,wasnothingmorethanaconsistentpursuitofartandgoodluck.Thenewproducthasbenefitedfromresearchworkatthecrossroadsbetweenbiologicalandmedicalstudies.Itwasamazingthathisideaechoedwellthegreatphilosopher'sbelief,whichheclaimednottohaveheardaboutbefore.Theone-monthintensetrainingprogrampreparedtheteammemberswellforpossibleemergencies.Theaudieneewasdeeplyimpressedwiththevigorandpowerofthespeechdeliveredbytheenvironmentalist.Thistravelingexperieneewillprovideyouwitharareopportunitytosampleadifferentwayoflife.Usingthelimitedtimetoitsfullestpotentialisoneofthemust-have/requiredskillsinadaptingtothefast-pacedmodernlife.Moreandmorecountriesarebringingrobotstobearontheirvariousproblems.Thesestudentsareencouragedfromaveryearlyagetofollowtheirownboundlessinterestswellbeyondtheboundariesofconventionalbeliefinobedientlearning.8.(1)B(2)C(3)B(4)B(5)DAsmultidisciplinarydesignhasbecomeatrendintheindustry,thereisaneedformoreemphasisonmultidisciplinaryperspectives.Educationalinstitutionsshouldtaketheirroleintrainingindividualswhocanfunctioninacollaborativeenvironmentandbepreparedtofacemultifacetedprojectsthattheymaynothavebeenexposedto.However,ouruniversitiesandcollegesfailtoshiftfromtraditionaldivisionsanddepartmentalsectionstomultidisciplinaryworkbeingpracticedonadailybasisoutsidetheclassroom.1)F2)T3)F4)T5)T(1)whatlearningisabout(2)beinquisitive(3)learnanewsubjectanalyzeanewproblem(5)teacher-taught(6)master-inspiredself-learner(8)thetrapofdogma(9)nosinglesimpleanswer(10)blackandwhite(11)criticalthinking(12)tolerantandsupportive(13)anewthesistopic(14)flexibility(15)styleofleadershipUnit2TheScientificMethodKeystotheExercisesApproachingtheTopic1.1)TheScientificMethodisabodyoftechniquesforinvestigatingphenomenaandacquiringknowledge,aswellascorrecting/integratingpreviousknowledge.Itinvolvesgatheringobservable,empiricalandmeasurableevidenee,thecollectionofdatathroughobservationandexperimentation,andtheformulationandtestingofhypotheses.Scientistsputforwardhypothesestoexplainwhatisobserved.Theythenconductexperimentstotestthesehypotheses.Thestepstakenintheexperimentmustbecapableofreplicationandtheresultsemergeasthesame.Whatisdiscoveredmayleadtoanewhypothesis.Scientistsarehumanandcanbeunintentionallybiased;totalobjectivityisimpossible.Scientistsarehumanandcanbeunintentionallybiased.Scienceusesoursensesandoursensescanbemistaken.Wecanneverunderstandsomethingasitreallyisbecauseourverypreseneeaffectswhatisbeingstudied.①Scienceisbothabodyofknowledgeandaprocess.Scienceisexciting.Scienceisuseful.Scienceisongoing.Scienceisreliable.Scienceisacommunityendeavor.2.1)c2)g3)e4)f5)a6)d7)h8)k9)b10)i11)j(1)aspects(2)process(3)satisfy(4)technologies(5)puzzle(6)collection(7)evidenee(8)ensure(9)diversity(10)professional1)Scienee.Itbringstomindmanydifferentpictures:whitelabcoatsandmicroscopes,ascientistpeeringthroughatelescope,thelaunchofthespaceshuttle,andsoon.Scieneecandiscoverthelawstounderstandtheorderofnature.Becauseitreliesonasystemsofchecksandbalances,whichhelpsensurethatscieneemovestowardsgreateraccuracyandunderstanding,andthissystemisfacilitatedbydiversitywithinthescientificcommunity,whichoffersarangeofperspectivesonscientificideas.Open.ReadingabouttheTopic1)Themodernscientificmethodischaracterizedbyconfirmationsandobservationswhich“verified”thetheoriesinquestion,butsomegenuinelytestabletheories,whenfoundtobefalse,arestillupheldbytheiradmirers,whichrescuesthetheoryfromrefutationonlyatthepriceofdestroying,oratleastlowering,itsscientificstatus.Atheorywhichisnotrefutablebyanyconceivableeventisnon-scientific.Theirtheorieswereconstantlyverifiedbytheirclinicalobservations.Theyalwaysfittedandwerealwaysconfirmed.Lightmustbeattractedbyheavybodies(suchasthesun).Thereistheriskinvolvedinaprediction:thetheoryisincompatiblewithcertainpossibleresultsofobservation—infactwithresultswhicheverybodybeforeEinsteinwouldhaveexpected.Set1:1)c2)a3)d4)b5)f6)e7)h8)gSet2:1)b2)e3)a4)f5)d6)c7)h8)gPara.A(b)Para.B(c)Para.C(e)Para.D(e)Para.E⑻Para.F(d)1)Observations,hypotheses,anddeductions,thenconclusions.Youwillneedtoresearcheverythingthatyoucanfindabouttheproblem.Youshouldn'tchangethehypothesis.Instead,trytoexplainwhatmighthavebeenwrongwithyouroriginalhypothesis.Animportantthingtorememberduringthisstageofthescientificmethodisthatonceyoudevelopahypothesisandaprediction,youshouldn'tchangeit,eveniftheresultsofyourexperimentshowthatyouwerewrong.Becausethereisachaneethatyoumadeamiscuesomewherealongtheway.Set1:1)c2)a3)d4)b5)f6)e7)h8)gSet2:1)e2)g3)a4)f5)c6)b7)d8)h1)Observation,asthefirststageofthescientificmethod,isawayofcollectinginformationfromanypossiblesources,whichcanserveasafoundationinverifyingatheory.Inthisprocess,oneshouldexpectaneventwhichcouldrefutethetheory.Onlythroughbeingrefutedbynewobservationswhichareincompatiblewiththetheorycoulditbefalsified,whichreflectsitstruescientificvirtue.Ahypothesisisapossiblesolutiontoaproblem,basedonknowledgeandresearch,whileatheoryisahypothesisconfirmedbytheresearchfindings.Everytheorycannotbeappliedtoeverysituation;otherwise,itisnotagoodtheory.Itisalwayspossibletoverifynearlyeverytheory,butthatwouldrescuethetheoryfromrefutationatthepriceofdestroying,oratleastloweringitsscientificstatus.TOfalsifyatheoryismorevaluable,becauseatheoryWhiChisnotrefutablebyanyconCeiVabIeeventisnon-SCientific.1)BeCaUSeofthisPerSonalexperienceandaninterestintheproblem,youdecidetolearnmoreaboutWhatmakesplantsgrow.(Para.B)Theexperimentthatyouwilldesignisdonetotestthehypothesis.(Para.D)ThrOUghinformal,exploratoryObSerVationsofplantsinagarden,thoseWithmoreSUnlightappeartogrowbigger.(Para.H)ThejudgesatyourSCiencefairwillnottakePOintSoffSimPIybecauseyourresultsdon'tmatchUPWithyourhypothesis.(Para.K)YouCannOtprovethehypothesisWithaSingleexperiment,becausethereisaChancethatyoumadeamiscueSOmeWherealongtheway.(Para.Q)ObSerVatiOn,theinitialStageoftheresearch,requiresathoroughUnderstandingofaresearchPrOjeCtyouhavechosenbycollectingadequateinformationfromVariOUSsources,andisfollowedbythenextStageknownashypothesis,anUncomplicatedStatementthatdefinesWhatyouthinktheoutcomeofyourexperimentwillbe.ExploringtheTopic1)SCiencedoesnotincludeexplanationsbasedonnoempiricalevidence.ThehumannatureofSCience,however,rendersitUnlikelytobefreeofPerSonalPrejUdices,misapprehensions,andbias.ThescopeofSCienceenCOmPaSSeSthewholeUniVerSeandnaturalworld.SCienceisaPrOCeSSofdecidingWhethertheacquiredevidencemayproveWhatismostlikelytobeCOrreCtCUrrently.ItisnotPOSSibIetoproveahypothesisWithaSingleexperiment,asChancesarethatamistakeWaSmadeSOmeWhereintheprocess.IntegratedEXerCiSeS(1)additional(2)illustrate(3)interpret(4)conduct(5)PreViOUS(6)involve(7)design(8)Verify(9)reflect(10)collect(11)research(12)SUPPOrt3.ThemembersofawordfamilyChineseequivalentacquireacquiredacquisitionv.获得adj.获得的n.获得物PrOjeCtPrOjeCtedPrOjeCtingPrOjeCtiOnn.计划adj.规划的adj.突出的n.规划methodmethodicalmethodologymethodologicaln.方法adj.有方法的n.方法论adj.方法论的identifyidentifiableidentificationidentityv.识别adj.可辨认的n.鉴定、身份adj.无法Unidentifiable识别的empiricalempiricallyempiricismadj.凭经验的adv.凭经验地n.经验论confirmconfirmationconfirmedv.确认n.证实adj.确认的approachapproachableapproachingUnapproachablev.接近adj.可接近的adj.逼近的adj.不易亲近的theorytheoreticaltheoreticallytheoristn.理论adj.理论上的adv理论上地n.理论家emphasisemphasizeemphaticemphaticallyn.强调v.强调adj.强调的adv强调地achieveachievableachievedachievementv.取得adj.可以头现的adj.咼度兀美的n.成就COmmitCOmmitmentv.把..托付给n.承诺conStitUteconStitUencyconStitUentconStitUtionconStitUtionalconStitUtiVeV组成n.选区n.组成部分n.宪法adj.宪法的adj.构成的assumeassumedassumingassumptionV假定adj.假装的conj.如果n.假定exposeexposedexposurev.揭露adj.裸露的n.暴露logicalillogicalillogicallyIogicianadj.逻辑上的adj.不合逻辑的adv.不合逻辑地n.逻辑学家methodical(2)COmmitment(3)achievable(4)assume(5)illogical(6)exposure(7)conStitUtiVe(8)emphatic(9)confirmation(10)identity(1)A(2)B(3)A(4)D(5)A(6)B(7)C(8)A(9)D(10)B(1)ThiSObSerVationmotivatedNeWtontodevelopatheoryofgravity.OtherscholarsattempttoapproachtheSUbjeCtfromaneconomicalperspective.PartiCiPatingintheactivitywillPrOVideoneWithaninitialtasteoftheObjeCtiVeSofsociology.SCientistsinSiStedthereWaSarationalexplanationfortheStrangePhenomenon.Tomostyoungpeople,highereducationisnothingbutaPrOCeSSofacquiringknoWIedge.TheStUdydemonStrateSthenecessityoftakingamuchbroaderVieWinthematter.Thenewcar'SdesignSUCCeSSfullyintegratesartandtechnology.ChinaactuallyencounteredtheidenticalStageSofitsdevelopmentintheearly1990stotheWest.TheVirUSCanSPreadtoadocumentorapplicationbetweenCOmPUterSandrendertheCOmPUterUSeless.IftheSUStainabledevelopmentofsmalleconomiesisfacilitated,theireffectivenesswillbeUItimateIyintegratedintotheglobaleconomy.1)WecouldnotattendaCOnferenCeWithOUthearingsometalksaboutChangeandchallenge.ThingSSeemhighlyOPtimiStiCinthelightofnumerousreports,especiallyfromCOUntrydistricts.IaminfavoroftheargumentthatUrbanizationshouldbecontrolledproperly.SOmethingslowlybegantodawnonme—IstilllovedWhatIdid.MyCOmPUterdoesnotworkbecauseitWaSrenderedParaIyZedbysomeviruses.EXPertSareworkingontheplaninquestion.Andthey'llcometoananswer.AnationalCUrriCUIUmframeworkislogicallyinCOmPatibIeWithPUPiI-Centeredlearning.Formanywomensuccessisoftenachievedatthepriceoftheirmarriedlife.ManyattemptshadbeenmadebeforeIsuccessfullyenteredakeyuniversity.Thereisagoodchancethatitwillturnfinetomorrow.A.⑴B⑵A⑶C⑷A(5)BUnderstandingscientificmethodiscriticaltoyourscientificendeavor.Thescientificmethodisaseriesofstepsthatserveasguidelinesforscientificefforts,andatoolthathelpsscientistssolveproblemsanddetermineanswerstoquestionsinalogicalformat.Therearetwoformsofscientificmethod:theexperimentalmethodandthedescriptivemethod.Theformeremploysnumericaldataandgraphs,usedinphysicalsciences,whilethelattergathersInformationthroughvisualobservationandinterviewing,employedinzoologyandanthropology.Thescientificmethodinvolvesfivesteps,namely,identifyingaproblem,researchingtheproblem,formulatingahypothesis,conductinganexperimentandreachingaconclusion.(1)Theprocessofscienee,incontrasttothelinearstepsofthesimplifiedscientificmethod,isiterative.Scieneecirclesbackonitselfsothatusefulideasarebuiltuponandusedtolearnevenmoreaboutthenaturalworld.GregorMendelshowedthatinheritaneeisparticulatethatinformationispassedalongindiscretepacketsthatcannotbediluted.Anypointintheprocessleadstomanypossiblenextsteps,andwherethatnextstepleadscouldbeasurprise.Scieneemayinvolvemanydifferentpeopleengagedinallsortsofdifferentactivitiesindifferentordersandatdifferentpointsintime.(1)naturalworld(2)investigations(3)basicquestioninformation(5)Experiments(6)detailedunderstanding(7)builtupon(8)deepenandextend(9)intheprocess(10)testing(11)observation(12)newdirection(13)indifferentorders(14)represent(15)lessimportantUnit3AncientChina'sContributiontoScieneeKeystotheExercisesApproachingtheTopic1)Needhamistheworld'famousSinologistandauthorofScienceandCivilizationinChina.TheEuropeanpeoplejusttaketheseinventionsforgranted.AlloriginatedinChinabuthavelongsincebeenadoptedbytheWest.TheyhelpedtoinspiretheEuropeanagriculturalandindustrialrevolutions.IthaswonfiveliteraryawardsinAmericaandbeentranslatedinto43Ianguages.Hisbook,TheSpiritofChineseInvention,wasapprovedbytheChineseMinistryofEducationforuseinconnectionwiththenationalsecondarycurriculuminChina.1)f2)k3)c4)a5)o6)n7)g8)e9)d10)m11)i12)h13)j14)l15)b(1)credit(2)considerable⑶befriended(4)breakthroughs⑸thoroughlyflown(7)academic(8)embark(9)suggested(10)staff1)TheoverlookedgreatbreakthroughsinancientChina.Dr.NeedhamarguedthataproperbookonthehistoryofChinesescieneeandtechnologywouldhaveawidebearingonthegeneralhistoryofthoughtandideas.HehelpedtobringduecredittoChina'soverlookedcontributiontoscientificinnovation.Yes,hedoes.Becausehebelievedthataproperpopularbookwouldhaveawidebearingonthegeneralhistoryofthoughtsandideas,whichcouldnotbepossibleifthebookwastooacademic.ReadingabouttheTopic1)BothWesternersandChinesepeopleareignorantofthefactthattheWestimportedalotofinventionsfromancientChina.Becausemorethanhalfofthebasicinventionsanddiscoveriesuponwhichthe“modernworld”restscomefromChina.Becausetheytakemanygreatachievementsforgranted,andeventheChinesethemselveslostsightofthetruth,sotheirwesterninheritorswouldn'ttroublethemselvestoknowthetruth.Becauseitisalwaysmoresatisfyingtotheegotothinkthattheyhavereachedtheirpresentpositionaloneandunaided,andthattheyaretheproudmastersofallabilitiesandallcrafts.Set1:1)d2)e3)a4)b5)c6)g7)f8)hSet2:1)d2)g3)e4)h5)b6)a7)c8)fPara.A(e)Para.B(b)Para.C(f)Para.D(a)Para.E(a)Para.F(a)Para.G(c)Para.H(g)Para.I(h)Para.J(d)1)Thethreeinventionstransform-edcompletelythemodernworldandmark-editofffromtheancientandtheMiddleAges.TheEuropeanagriculturalrevolution,whichlaidthebasisfortheIndustrialRevolution,cameaboutonlybecauseoftheimportationofChineseideasandinventions.ThetruththathalfofthebasicinventionsanddiscoveriesoriginatedfromChinaneedstobeimpartedtoschoolchildren.ThepurposeistoletthemknowthetruthandthentobridgethechasmbetweentheEastandtheWest.ThebureaucraticorganizationofChinainitsearlierstagesstronglyhelpedscieneetogrow;onlyinitslateronesdiditinhibitfurthergrowth,andinparticularpreventedabreakthroughwhichhasoccurredinEurope.TheauthorpointsoutthereasonswhyChinawasdevelopedinthepastbutbackwardatpresentandwhytheWestwasunderdevelopedinthepastbutadvaneedatpresent.Set1:1)c2)g3)h4)b5)f6)d7)a8)eSet2:1)c2)d3)g4)e5)a6)b7)f8)h1)ThetworeadingsbothlistaseriesofgreatinventionsanddiscoveriesthatoriginatedinancientChina.Reading1tendstobefactual,whileReading2ismorecriticalofthefactthattheChineseareignorantoftheirancientachievementsandtheWesternerssimplytakethemforgranted.TheargumentinReading2ismorereasonableandacceptablesineetheauthorusesalotofexamplesandexaminesthequestionfromboththeChineseandWesternperspectivestoillustratehispoint.Reading2holdsmoreobviousnegativeattitudestowardsWesterners.Itwouldbebetterifthenationsandthepeoplesoftheworldhadaclearerunderstandingofeachother,allowingthementalgapbetweenEastandWesttobebridged.(Reading2)ThediscoveriesandinventionsmadeinEuropeintheseventeenthcenturyandthereafterdependedsomuchinsomanycasesoncenturiesofpreviousChineseprogressinscienee,technologyandmedicine.(Reading3)1)Heregardedtheoriginsoftheseinventionsas“obscure”andhediedwithouteverknowingthatallofthemwereChinese.(Para.B)ChauvinisticWesterners,ofc