高级英语第二册,教材

本单元教学特色1、用图 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 和术语全面介绍叙述文的写作技巧和方法，2、篇章结构分析，抓住关键点将课文有机的串起来，使学生迅速掌握课文。3、独特的语言赏析角度，帮助学生把握分析语言的方法。.LessonOneFacetoFacewithHurricaneCamille.AimsToknowthewritingtechniqueofanarrative.TobeacquaintedwithsomeliterarytermsTolearntousewordstodescribedisastersandviolenceToappreciatethelanguagefeaturesTolearntowriteastoryaboutdisasters..TeachingContents1.Theliterarystyle2.Detailedstudyofthetext3.Organizationalpattern4.Languagefeatures5.Exercises.Timeallocation1.Theliterarystyle(narration)(15min.)2.Detailedstudyofthetext(120min.)3.Structureanalysis(15min.)4.Languageappreciation(15min.)5.Exercises(15min).LessonOneTheme----manvsnature.TheliterarystyleApieceofnarrationismainlydevelopedintheactualtimesequence.Thewritertellsthereaderswhathappensfirst,whatnext.chronologicaldevelopment.TheLiterarytermsnarration---storytellingextendednarration---novelshistoriesbiographiesautobiographiestravelogues.TheLiterarytermsTheessentialsofnarration:1.characters2.plotAgoodstoryhasabeginning,amiddle,anend,eventhoughitmaystartinthemiddleoratsomeotherpointintheactionandmovebackwardtotheearlierhappenings..TheLiterarytermsNarrationisconcernedwithaction.Itgoesaroundpeoplecalledcharactersinsomekindofstruggleorconflictagainstotherpeople,nature,societyorthemselves..TheLiterarytermsprotagonist---leadingcharacterantagonist--thepeopleorforcesprotagonistfightsagainstsuspense--astateofuncertainty.TheLiterarytermsinterposition---apassagewhichisputbetweentheactionThepurposeistoaddmoreinformationtocreatesuspense.TheLiterarytermsflashback---interruptionofchronologicalsequencebyinterjectionofeventofearlieroccurrenceclimax--themostexciting,importantinterestingpartonthestory,denouement---theendingofastory. climaxfallingactiondenouement risingaction conflictbeginningsuspenseending   .Thedetailedstudyofthetexthurricane---1.strongtropicalstorm2.strongfastwindwhichspeedsmorethan75mph3.westernAtlanticOcean4.givenagirl'sname;namedalphabetically/orderedaccordingtotheinitialletter.Thedetailedstudyofthetexttyphoon---1.WesternPacificOceanorChinaSea2.numbered.hurricanewhirlwind---ageneralterm/circularwindtornado---visibleasatube-shapedcloudofdustwhichmovesinarelativelynarrowpathcanbedevastatinginitsdestructiveness.*image-1*cyclone--avortex,usuallyhundredsofmilesindiameter*image-2*.gale---ageneraltermforaverystrongwindcapableofdoingconsiderabledamagetoproperty.windtheBeaufortscale，蒲福风力等级(英国海军将领FrancisBeaufort[1774-1857]拟订,分0-12级),defineswindas:0clambreeze01lightbreeze1--3mph2slightbreeze4--73gentlebreeze8--12moderatebreeze13—18freshbreeze19—24.theBeaufortscale6strongbreeze25--317moderategale32--388freshgale39--469stronggale47--5410wholegale55--6311storm64--7512hurricaneover75.theBeaufortscaleTheBeaufortScaledefinesastormasawindhavingvelocityofbetween64and75milesanhour..weatherforecastTheweatherforecastsays"cloudy"today,withastrongwindfromthenorthwest,gradefivetosixontheBeaufortScale.Thelowesttemperatureduringthedaytimewillbeeightdegreescentigradebelowzero..Thedetailedstudyofthetext(*链接1net-1*)August17Hurricanedevastatedtheareafor2daysbad---destructive/devastating/terriblyforceful.lash---tostrikewithgreatforcetomoveviolentlyorsuddenlyThewaveslashedtheracksTherainwaslashingagainstthewindows..pummelpummel---spelled"pommel"tobeatsuddenlyorattackvigorouslytohitwithrepeatedblows. reasonstostay1.Heisaself-employedbusinessmanMagnaproduct--thenameofhiscompanyimplication:Howgreatthelossitwouldbeifthehousewasdestroyed.2.Hispresenthousewasinabetterconditionthanhisformerhouse..battendownbatten--astripofwoodusedinconstructionandoft.usedintheolddaysinshipbuilding.tobattendown---metaphortosecurewithbattensTheelderKoshakistalkingaboutpreparingandsecuringthehouseforthestormtocome..Blendsmotel(motor+hotel)boatel(boat+hotel)brunch(breakfast+lunch)chunnel(channel+tunnel)运河地下道slurbs(slum+suburbs)slanguage(slang+language).Blendscafetorium(cafe+auditorium)talkthon(talk+marathon)filmusical(film+musical)comsat(communications+satellite).Blendssitcom(situatin+comedy)情景喜剧narcokleptocracy(narcotic麻醉剂的)+(kleptomania偷窃癖+cracy统治阶层)官贩毒magalog(magazine+catalog)杂志目录.Blendscomint(communications+intelligence)通讯情报sportscasters(sports+broadcaster)体育节目广播员masscult(mass+culture)平民文化.scud--moveswiftlyThespeedofthesecloudsisanindicationoftheswiftnesswithwhichthestormisapproaching.Theboatscuddedbeforethestrongwestwindcame.scudmissiles .disintegrate--collapse,crumble.fallapartbreakintomanysmallpiecesandisdestroyedIssocietybeginningto~?SincetheSovietUnion~ed,thecoldwarcametoanend..blast1.(anexplosion)burst,explosion2.(aloudsound)roar,bang,noiseunexpectedquickstrongmovementofwindorrain一阵；一股ablastofwindwintryblast.shove--pushwithaquick,ratherviolentmovementHedraggedherouttothedoorandshovedherintothestreet.Thecarwon'tstart.Canyougiveitashove?.douse--immerse,soak,submerge,drenchHedousedtheclothesinsoapywater..onthevergeof---veryneartotheactionShewassounhappythatshewasonthevergeof(committing)suicide.Thecountryisonthevergeofdisaster.Thechildisonthevergeoftears.Thecompanyisonthevergeofinsolvency..tothevergeofTheattackbroughtthecountrytothevergeofwar.Theoldmanhadbeendriventothevergeofdespair..crushing---devastating/defeating/peoplefeelupsetorshockedThefinallecturewasinterruptedbythecrushingnewsofpresidentKennedy'sdeath.ItwasacrushingresultfortheLaborParty..ferocity---thequalityofbeingviolent/strength/intensity凶猛程度uViolencebrokeoutingreateramountandferocity.Hehadneverheardsuchferocityinaman'svoice..maroon---v.(uau.p.p.)toleaveoneormorepeoplealone,withnomeansofgettingaway.Ifoneismarooned,heisleftinaplace,whichisdifficultorimpossibletoescapefrom.Fivefishermenweremaroonedonarockinagale..grade--classifybygradesApplesaregradedaccordingtosizeandquality.Poultrymengradetheireggsfromsmalltoextralarge..mph--mileperhourrpm--revolutionsperminutegpm--gallonsperminutefps--feetpersecond.spectacular--veryimpressive,dramatic,breathtaking壮观的，引人注目的，激动人心Themangaveaspectaculardisplayofhorseriding.Hemadeaspectacularjumpfromtheburningbuilding.Somefilmspresentspectacularsceneslikebattles,processions,storms,racesetc,.vantagepoint(s)pointofvantage--agoodpositionfromwhichyoucanseealotofthingsTheTVtowerwillprovideavantagepointfromwhichwecanhaveabird'seyeviewofthecity.Theyfiredupontheenemyfrombehindtrees,wallsandanyotherpointofvantagetheycouldfind..para19~20Twoparaswereputintoprovidefurtherofficialaccounttoshowhowstrongandforcefulthehurricanewas.Theywereconvincing..DearLord,giveme....Whynoquotationmarks?Thewriterwantstomakehisaccountsmooth.Hepurposelyomitsquotationmarks.Theactionisquickenedandsmooth..frustrate--causesbtohavefeelingsofannoysanddisappointmentIfsthfrustratesyou,itmakesyoufeelupsetandangrybecauseyouareunabletodealwiththedifficultiesandproblemsitgivesyou..frustrateGivingachildproblemshecan'tsolvewillonlyfrustratehim.Hewasfrustratedbyhispoverty.Thelackofmoneyandfacilitiesdepressedandfrustratedhim.Theremustbenothingmorefrustratingthanhavingajobyoudon'tlike..frustrationu.Withoutpublicsupportoureffortswillendinfrustration..alean-to1abuildingjoinedtooneofthesidesofalargerbuildingwithwhichitsharesonewall:acottagewithalean-togarage2USashelterorsimplebuildingwitharoofthatslopesinonedirection,whichissleptinwhencampingHere“alean-to”isasupport.thrust--onslaught,attack,push,drive.strew--spread,cover,scatterHisclotheswerestrewnallovertheroom.Thefloorisstrewnwithbrokenglass.Aftertheriot,thestreetwasstrewnwithbrokenbottlesandstones..festoon--decorateThegardenwasfestoonedwithcoloredlights..NationalGuardEachstatehasitsownorganizationoftheNationalGuard.Itiscomposedofordinarycitizenswhomaybecalledtodutyatanytime.国民警卫队.CivilDefenseUnit--民防队playmuchthesamerole,butarenotmilitaryinnature.TheSalvationArmyAworld-wideChristianorganizationfoundedbyWilliamBoothinWhiteChapel,Londonin1865.TheSalvationArmyisconcernedwithspreadingtheChristianmessageandwithsocialreform.Itsofficershavemilitarytitlesandmemberswearuniforms..RedCrossAninternationalorganizationconcernedwiththealleviationofhumansufferingandthepromotionofpublichealth.Aredcrossonawhitebackgroundisthesymbol..rakeitsway--meta.Ifrakingasurface,youmovearakeacrossitinordertomakeitsmoothandlevel--toattackanddevastateasitsweptalong.rampage–Ifpeopleoranimalrampage,theyrushaboutinawildorviolentway,oftencausingdamagesordestruction.Theelephantsarerampagingthroughthebush.(hardtocontrol/mad/violent/raging).Seabees--C.B.membersoftheconstructionBattalionsoftheCivilEngineercorpsoftheUSnavy,thatbuildharborfacilitiesairfieldsetc海军 工程 路基工程安全技术交底工程项目施工成本控制工程量增项单年度零星工程技术标正投影法基本原理 队.wreckage--yourefertowhatremainsofaplane,car,buildingetc,thathasbeenverybadlydamagedaswreckage.assume/presumeThemeaningofthesewordsarequitecloseassume--tocometoaconclusiononthebasisofwhatisknownorfelttobetruepresume--tocometoaconclusionbysupposing/connotesanarrogation(claim)ofboldnessandofunwarrantedinference(whichmightwellbeunjustified).assume/presume1.Aftertalkingwithyouyesterday,Iassumedyouweregoingtotheparty.2.Isawthemtogetherandpresumedtheyhadreconciledtheirdifferences,butfromwhatyoutellme,IknowIwaswrong.assumption/presumption.tilt/slant/slopetilt--actiontotiltsthistoinclineitatanangleloweringorraisingonesideslant--stategeneralwordIfsthslants,itliesalongalinethatisneitherhorizontalnorverticalanobliqueplacementorposition.tilt/slant/slopefig.suggestingabiastowardaparticularpointofviewWecallnewssoslantedpropaganda.我们把这种倾斜性的新闻称之为宣传。.slope–almostthesameasslant,butismostoftenappliedtoalayoflandaslantedlineaslopinglawn.diminish/minimizediminish--makesmallerlessorlessimportant,reduce,shrinkTheaspirintabletswilldiminishyourpain..diminish/minimizeminimize--reducetothesmallestpossibleamount,degree,size,belittleItisalwaysunwisetominimizethehorrorsofwar.SinceIamdoingthebestIam,youshouldnottrytominimizemyefforts.Minimizeisanabsolutetermandshouldnotbeaccompaniedbyadverbs"somewhat","greatly".salvage/save/rescuesalvage--savefromlossordamagebywrecking,fireetc~things~adifficultsituation.save–ifyousavesomeoneorsth,youhelpthemtoavoidharmorfailureortoescapefromdangerousorunpleasantsituation-Anartificialheartcould~hislife.-Theyprayedforraintosavethevillage.-Shesavedhimfromdrowning.-Theyweretryingtosavetheirmarriage..salvage/save/rescuerescue--ifyourescuesborsth,youtakeanactiontohelpthemgetawayfromadangerousorharmfulsituation.*Allmyattemptsto~himwereinvain.*Theydecidednotto~thefactory..destroy,demolish,raze,annihilate,exterminate,extinguishantonyms---build,create,establish,repair,deviceThesewordsrefertothecompleteandusuallyforciblebreakingupordamagingofsomethingsothatitisnolongerrecognizableoreffective..destroy---ageneralwordwithfewovertonesbeyonditsemphasisonforceandthoroughness.thefirethatdestroyedseveralhousesontheroad.demolish/razegenerallyappliedtobigorsubstantialthings,suchasbuildingsorotheredificesAbuildingisdemolishedifsmashedtopieces.Abuildingisrazediflevelledtotheground.Demolishisoftenusedfigurativelyofthereductionofanycomplexwholetoruins.todemolishatheorywithafewincisivecomments..annihilate---themostextremewordinthislistliterallymeanstoreducetonothingItdenotesaseveredegreeofdamagetoathingorpersontodestroycompletely歼灭，绝灭.exterminate/extinguishextinguish---destroypurposefullyexterminate---wipeoutorkillingreatnumbers~insectsbysprayingwithDDTextinguish---putoutasafire,thewordisalsousedmetaphoricallyasasynonymfordie,thusimplyingacomparisonbetweenlifeandasparkorflameHislifewasfinallyextinguishedbytheonsetofpneumonia..rot,decay,moulder,decompose,putrefy,antonyms---bloom,flourish,grow---refertothebreakdownofdeadorganictissuesbynaturalbacterialprocesses.rot--theleastformal,themosteffective,forcefulofthesewords,suggestinganadvancedpointinthisprocessofbreakdown损坏过程中最深的一种状态Thetissuesatthispointmightormightnotbefoul-smellingbuttheywouldinanycasebealmostunrecognizable.Thesnailhascompletelyrottedawayinsideitsshell..decay---amorematter-of-factwordthanrot更为实用appliedgenerallytothewholeprocessofbreakdown,butparticularlytotheendpointoftotaldestructionThecorpsehadalreadydecayed,leavingonlytheskeletonintact..molder--decaygraduallyandturnintodusthisremainsmolderinginthetomb .decompose---moreformalsubstitutefordecayclinicalword临床学词汇changechemicallyandbegintorot分解，腐败.putrefy---stressingparticularlythepresenceoffoulorpoisonousgasesandnoxious有害的odoursSalmon鲑鱼thathadspawned产卵anddiedandnowlayputrefyingintheshallowsofthestream.spoil---food(informal)disintegrate--breakintosmallpieces.OrganizationalpatternSectI.para1-6introduction–thesettingofthestorybackgroundinformationtimeplacecharactersreasonsactions.OrganizationalpatternSectIIpara7-27Howthefamilywasbroughtfacetofacewiththehurricane.Howthefamilywasfightingagainstitandsurvived.HowmanyonslaughtsdidthehurricanemakeontheKoshaks?.4onslaughts1.(p7)onthefirstfloorthehousewasleaking.Theyusedallkindsofutensilstofightagainstthewater.2.(p8-13)onthestaircaseWhentheseawaterreachedthehouse,theyretreatedtothestaircase.4onslaughts3.(p14-21)inthebedroomWhenthestirswerebroken,theyretreatedtothebedroom.(p19-20)interpositiongivingadditionalinformationaboutthedevastatingforceofthehurricane,implyingifanyonecouldsurvive,itmustbeamiracle.creatingsuspense.4onslaughts4.(p22-26)intheTVroomWhenthebedroomwallscollapsed,theyhadtoretreattotheTVroom..OrganizationalpatternSect.IIIpara27~39conclusion(abittoolong)thesceneafterthestormthereliefworkdonebythestatethereliefworkdonebytheKoshaks.OrganizationalpatternThemostimportantpartisthelastpara."Irealizewelostnothingimportant"..Organizationalpattern---What'sthepurposebehindthestorybygivingusareflectionfromgrandmother?Humanbeingsaremoreimportantthananythingelseintheworld.(thematerialthings).Languagefeatures1.theeffectiveuseofverbsTheeffectiveuseofverbsistheonlywaytofocusonaction,esp.onesyllableverbs,becauseonesyllableverbssavetime.lash,lap,skim,scud,yell,dump,shot,snap,hit,whip.Languagefeatures2.shortellipticalsentencesa)increasethetempoofactionb)createtheatmosphereoftension,dangerandurgency .Languagefeatures3.successfulachievementofchronologicaldevelopmentChronologicaldevelopmentisachievedby:connectors---so,then,but.transitionalphrases--secondslater,afterthat,foraninstant,bythistime,etc.Languagefeatures4.thewordswith[æ]whichvividlydescribetheviolenceofthehurricane.[æ]---quick,unpleasanteffectlash,crack,snap,slashing,smash,shatter,rampage,collapse,lap.ExerciseII.1.Therearetworeasons.OneisJohnKoshakisaself-employedbusinessmanandhisbusinessisrightathome.Ifheabandonedhishome,hisbusinesswouldberuined.Theotherreasonisthathishouseisinabetterconditionthanhisformerone,whichis250yardsawayfromthesea..ExerciseII.2.“MagnaProducts”isthenameofhiscompany.3.Becausesaltywaterwasseawater.Itshowedthattheseawaterhadreachedthehouse.theywereinrealtroublefortheymightbewashedintotheseabythetidalwave..ExerciseII4.Shefeareddeathwouldsooncome,andshewantedtoremindherhusbandofherundyinglove.Thiswouldhelptoencourageeachotherandmakethemfeelbettertofacethedeath.5.Becausehehadnotbeencautiousenoughtomovethefamilyawayfromthedangerzonebeforethestormarrived..ExerciseII6.Inordertogettheirmindsoffthestormandmakethemfeellessafraid.7.Johnwastryinghisbesttocomfortandencouragehiswife,forhealsofelttheyweregoingtodie..ExerciseIII1.BackgroundandhistoricalfactsabouttheKoshakfamilyandHurricanearewovenintothenarrativeofthestory.Thefirstsixparasgiveustheframeworkweneedforthebeginningofthestorminpara7..ExerciseIII2.Thefocusismainlyonaction.Welearnverylittle,exceptsnatches,aboutthecharacters,andthemaintheme(theimportanceofloveandlifeoverallelse)isthedirectresultontheaction..ExerciseIII3.JohnKoshak.4.Nature,thestorm5.Hebuildsupthesuspensea)bythecarefulexplanatoryintroductionandgradualdescriptionoftheonsetofthestorm.b)byrelatingaseriesofneartragicmisshapesthatgraduallylessenthefamily'schancesofsurvival,c)byinsertingatanexcitingmomentfactsaboutthepowerofthehurricane..ExerciseIII6.thestorymoveschronologically.7.Attheendofprar26,justbeforethestormbeginstosubside.8.Onemighthaveendeditafterpara28.PersonallyIlikeitasitis,buttherearemanypossibleanswerstothisquestion.9.Yes,itstatesthethemeofthestory..ExerciseIVParaphrase1.We're25feetabovethesealevel.2.Ourhousewasbuiltin1915andhasnotbeendamagedbyahurricane.3.Wecanstrengthenthehouseandremaininsideduringthestorm,andsurvive..Paraphrase4.Waterhadcausedthegeneratortostop,andthathadmadethelightsgoout.5.Everyoneshouldrunoutthroughthebackdoorasquicklyaspossibleandgetintothecar..Paraphrase6.Waterhadgottenintotheelectricalsystem,anditwasnolongerworking.7.Ashewatchedthewaterhitagainstthestepsofthehouse,Johnfeltguiltyforhisdecision..Paraphrase8.PleaseGod,saveusfromthisawfulstorm.9.Shesangbyherselfforashortwhileandthengraduallystopped.10.Janishadonlyonereactiontothestormafteritwasover..