英语句子成分练习题及答案(汇编)

精品文档Unit4problemsandadvice一、典型例题：写出句子成分。Lilyiscleaningthedesknow.2.Hergardenisthebestinourtown.LiuMingisthirteenyearsold.4.Ilikethisbookverymuch.5.ThegirlonthebluebikeisJane’ssister.6.Shedidn’tcometomypartybecauseshewasill.7.WangPingdoeshishomeworkcarefully.8.WewillgototheChildren’sPalaceonceaweek.9.Theyareintheclassroom.10.Itsoundsgood.11.HisnameisPaul.12.Wealwaysgotoschoolearly.二、课后练习(一)挑出下列句中的宾语Mybrotherdoesn'tdohishomework.②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.④Howmanynewwordsdoyoulearn?Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?(二)挑出下列句中的 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 语Theoldmanisfeelingverytired.②WhyisheworriedaboutJim?③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.SoonTheyallbecomeinterestedinthesubject.⑤Sheisthefirsttolearnaboutit.(三)挑出下列句中的定语TheyuseMr.Mrs.withthefamilyname.②Whatisyourgivenname?OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.④Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.Themandownstairswastryingtoslee（四)挑出下列句中的宾语补足语Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.Heaskshertotaketheboyoutofschool.③Shefinditdifficulttodothework.TheycallmeLilysometimes.⑤IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.(五)挑出下列句中的状语Thereisabigsmileonherface.②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven④Themanonthemotorbikeistravellingtofast.Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.(六)划出句中的直接宾语()和间接宾语（）Pleasetellusastory.②Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.Mr.Liisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.⑤Doesheleaveanymessageforme?划分句子成分练习题一、画出下列句子的成分1.Theyareworkingonthefarmnow.2.Seeingisbelieving3.AllofuslikeKobeBryantverymuch4.Shebecameadoctorin19985.Thebooklyingontheflooraremine6.Suddenlyitbeginstorain7.Tocatchthetrain,Igotupearlyyesterday8.Ialwaysfindherhappy9.HewondersIfIstillstudyEnglish10.TheletterwhichIreceivedthedaybeforeyesterdaywasafriendofmine11.WealwaysworkhardatEnglish.12.Hesaidhedidn'tcome.13.Theyloveeachother.14.Whatdidyoubye?15.Shewatchedherdaughterplayingthepiano.16.yourjobtodayistohelptheold.17.Speakingdoesn'tmeandoing.18.ByethetimeIgottothestation,thetrainhadleft.19.Thechildrenboughttheirparentsacarforthe25thanniversaryoftheirmarriage.20.Ittakesmeanhourtogetthere.21.Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.22.Thereisanoldmancominghere.23.Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.精品文档精品文档24.Todotoday'shomeworkwithouttheteacher'shelpisverydifficult.二、选出下列句子中的谓语中心词Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.Didthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.WhatIwanttotellyouisthis.Wehadbettersendforadoctor.Heisinterestedinmusic.Whomdidyougivemybookto?三、挑出下列句中的宾语A.don'tB.likeC.pictureD.wallA.getB.longerC.daysD.SummerA.DoB.usuallyC.goD.busA.willbeB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoonA.DidB.twinsC.haveD.breakfastA.TomB.didn'tC.doD.hishomeworkA.wantB.totellC.youD.isA.WeB.hadC.sendD.doctorA.isB.interestedC.inD.musicA.giveB.didC.whomD.bookMybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?⑥Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.⑦Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.四、挑出下列句中的表语①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.②WhyisheworriedaboutJim?Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.五、挑出下列句中的定语TheyuseMr.Mrs.withthefamilyname.②Whatisyourgivenname?OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.④Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.⑥Iamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!六、挑出下列句中的宾语补足语(6分，6分钟)Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.Shefounditdifficulttodothework.TheycallmeLilysometimes.IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?七、挑出下列句中的状语Therewasabigsmileonherface.②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtofast.Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.八、划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语Pleasetellusastory.②Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.Mr.Liisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.④Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.Didheleaveanymessageforme?Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.Iamafraidthatifyou'velostit,youmustpayforit.ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine.精品文档精品文档答案3(一)①teacher②man③dictionary④Todo(二)①B②A③C④A⑤C⑥C⑦D⑧C⑨A⑩A(三)①D②D③B④A⑤B⑥D⑦C⑧D⑨A⑩D(四)①D②B③D④C⑤B(五)①C②C③A④B⑤B⑥D(六)①C②C③C④C⑤D⑥B(七)①D②A③D④D⑤A⑥D⑦C⑧D(八)①us,直接宾语④Tom,间接宾语间接宾语astory,直接宾语it,直接宾语⑤②me,间接宾语anewbike,直接宾语me,间接宾语message,直接宾语③us,间接宾语history,答案2：1They(主语）areworking（系表结构做谓语）onthefarm（地点状语）is（谓语）believing（宾语）now（时间状语）.2.Seeing（动词ing做主语）3.Allofus（主语）like（谓语）KobeBryant（宾语）verymuch（程度副词状语）4.She（主语）became（谓语）adoctor（宾语）in1998（时间状语）5.Thebook（主语）lyingonthefloor（补语）are（谓语）mine（宾语）6.Suddenly（状语）it（形式主语）begantorain（谓语）7.Tocatchthetrain,（目的状语）（I主语）gotup（谓语）earlyyesterday（时间状语）8.（I主语）alwaysfind（谓语）her（宾语）happy（状语）9.He（主语）wonders（谓语）ifI（条件句中的主语）stillstudy（条件句中的谓语）English（条件句中的宾语）整个条件句做主干的宾语10.Theletter（主语）whichIreceivedthedaybeforeyesterday（定语从句）was（谓语）afriendofmine（宾语）1.WealwaysworkhardatEnglish。——————————————主语状语谓语状语状语2.Hesaidhedidn'tcome.———————————————主句主语主句谓语从句主语从句谓语3.Theyloveeachother.——————————主谓语宾语4.Whatdidyoubye?————————宾助动词主谓5.Shewatchedherdaughterplayingthepiano.—————————————————————主谓宾宾语补足语6.yourjobtodayistohelptheold.——————-——————————主定语系动词表语7.Speakingdoesn'tmeandoing.————————————主谓宾8.ByethetimeIgottothestation,thetrainhadleft.—————————————————————————时间状语从句主句主语主句谓语9.Thechildrenboughttheirparentsacarforthe25thanniversaryof———————————————语状语theirmarriage.————————————————主语谓语间接宾语直接宾————————精品文档精品文档10.Ittakesmeanhourtogetthere.————————————————形式主语谓语宾语真正主语典型例题答案一.写出划线部分的句子成分。1.主，谓，宾，状2.定，状3.表4.谓，宾，状5.定，定6.谓，状7.谓，宾，状8.谓，状9.表表11.定，表状，状课后练习(三)①D②D③B④A⑤B(四)①D②B③D④C⑤B(五)①C②C③A④B⑤B(六)①C②C③C④C⑤D(七)①D②A③D④D⑤A(八)①us,间接宾语astory,直接宾语②me,间接宾语anewbike,直接宾语③us,间接宾语history,直接宾语④Tom,间接宾语it,直接宾语⑤me,间接宾语message,直接宾语精品文档精品文档一、考点、热点回顾【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括：主语、谓语、宾语（直接宾语、间接宾语）、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。（一）主语：主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。它在句首。如：1）Lucyisabeautifulnurse.（名词作主语）2）Hereadsnewspaperseveryday.（代词作主语）3）Smokingisharmfultothehealth.（动名词作主语）4）ToswiminKunmingLakeisagreatpleasure.（不定式作主语）5）Whatweshoulddoisnotyetdecided.（主语从句作主语）（二）谓语：说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）必须是动词。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。它在主语后面。如：1）Hisparentsareteachers.（系动词和表语一起作谓语）2）Westudyhard.（行为动词作谓语）3）Wedon’tfinishreadingthebook.（助动词和行为动词一起作谓语）4）HecanspeakEnglish.（情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语）（三）宾语：宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。一般放在谓语之后。如：1）Sheisdoingherhomeworknow.（名词作宾语）2）Shesays（that）sheisill.（宾语从句作动词宾语）3）Weoftenhelphim.（代词作宾语）4）Helikestoplaybasketball.（不定式作宾语）5）Weenjoylisteningtothemusic.我们喜欢听音乐。（动名词短语作宾语）说明1：宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物，宾语一般放在及物动词之后。介词后面的名词或代词或动名词，称为介词宾语。名词、代词、数词常在句中做动词宾语或介词宾语。另外，动词不定式可作动词宾语；动名词和宾语从句也可用作动词宾语。说明2：及物动词作谓语时，后面要跟宾语。宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象，直接宾语指物，间接宾语通常是及物动词的动作所及的人，间接宾语指人。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前。是所有的及物动词都可以用双宾语。有的动词可以跟。如：不1）give,show（给,,看），bring,pass,buy等。Eg：Ourteachertellsusastory.；Thesungivesuslight.间接宾语如果放在直接宾语之后，在表示“人”的间接宾语之前会出现介词“to”或“for”。间接宾语前加“to”的有：give,show,send,bring,read,pass,lend,leave,hand,tell,return,write,throw,promise（答应）,refuse（拒绝）等。间接宾语加“for”的有：make,buy,do,get,play,order（命令）,sing,pay等1）Igivehimabook.改成：2）Hepassesmethebook.改成：3）Hewritesmealetter.改成：4）Hewillbuymesomebooks.改成：5）Sheismakingmeacake.改成：（四）宾语补足语精品文档精品文档在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作、状态、特征的成分，称为宾语补足语。名词、形容词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式、分词等可用作宾语补足语。宾语和宾语补足语称为复合宾语。如：（1）Theymakeherhappy.（形容词）（2）Iseeherdance.（不定式）（3）We’llhelpyoutomaketheOlympicsasuccess.（名词）（4）Pleaselethimin.（副词）5）Weheardhersingingasong.（分词短语）（五）表语：表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”，由名词、形容词、副词、介词、不定式及相当于名词或形容词或短语来担任。它的位置在系动词后面。如：1）Iamateacher.（名词）（2）Heisalwayshappy.（形容词）（3）Theyareontheplaygroundnow.（介词短语）（4）Itgetscold.（形容词）（5）Be动词（am，is，are,was,were）6）系动词表保持（keep,stay,remain）（7）表改变（get，become，turn）（8）感官动词（feel，sound（听起来），seem/look（看起来），taste（尝起来），smell（闻起来））如：Itsoundsinteresting.（sound为系动词，interesting为表语）Weshouldallremaincareful.Remain（为系动词，careful为表语）（六）定语：定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不等式或相当于形容词的词或短语等。单个词作定语时，通常放在它所修饰的名词之前。如：（1）Theblackbikeismine.（形容词）（2）What’syourname?（代词）（3）Theymakepaperflowers.（名词）说明1：当定语修饰不定代词：nothing,anything,everything,something等时，定语在不定代词后面。如：Itellhimsomethinginteresting.（形容词interesting作不定代词something的后置定语）Hehassomethingtodo.（todo为不定式作后置定语）说明2：短语或从句作定语时，也放在被修饰的名词之后。介词短语作theboys的后置定语。）如：TheboysintheroomareinClassFour.（intheroom是（七）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义，一般由副词、介词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来表示。状语一般放在句末，但有的可以放在句首、句中。如：Hediditcarefully.（副词）Weoftenhelphim.（副词）HermothergoesouttodosomeshoppingonSunday.（介词短语）句作时间状语）Hesitsthere.（副词地点状语）WhenIgrowup,Iamgoingtobeateacher.（从【简单句的五种基本句型】A.主语+不及物动词(主谓)如：Thesunrises.太阳升起来。Thecarstopped.小汽车停下来了。rise和stop都是不及物动词，因此后边不必加宾语。主语+及物动词+宾语(主谓宾)如：Ilovemycountry.Hehelpsme.Ilikeactionmovies.Ibuyabook.主语+系动词+表语(主系表)如：Herbrotherisadriver.Wefeelhappy.（feel为系动词，表示感到,,）Itgetsdark.天黑了。（get为系动词，表示变得）Tomlooksill.Tom看上去病了。（look为系动词，表示看上去，看起来）D.主语+及物动词+双宾语（直接宾语、间接宾语）(主谓+直宾+间宾)如：HegivesTomapresent.（双宾语）他给汤姆一件礼物。Mothermakeanewdressforme.（双宾语）妈妈为我做了一件衣服。主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(主+谓+宾+宾补)精品文档精品文档如：TheycallherMary.（宾补）他们叫她Mary。Wemakeourclassroomcleanandtidy.（宾补）我们使我们的教室干净而整齐。Healwaysmakesuslaugh.（宾补）他总使我们笑。精品文档