现代大学英语精读3第二版Unit6_Book3

HowDoWeDealwiththeDrugProblem?GoreVidalClarencePageCharlesKrauthammerReinforcementTextAnalysisBackgroundWarmingupUnit6HowDoWeDealwiththeDrugProblem?Questions/ActivitiesCheck-onPreviewObjectivesUnit6WarmingupHowDoWeDealwiththeDrugProblem?WarmingupDiscussthefollowingquestions:Whatdidyouknowaboutthedrugproblembeforereadingtheessays?Whydoyouthinkpeoplestilltakedrugsinspiteoftheworldwideanti-drugcampaigns?WhatdoyouknowaboutthesituationinChina?Doyouthinkthedrugproblemisserious?Sidewithoneofthethreeauthorsandhaveabriefdebatewithyourgroupmemberstoseewhichauthorismoreconvincing.Questions/ActivitiesCheck-onPreviewDefinetheunderlinedwords:thesimplebeauty(para.16)asocialsanction(para.26)Paraphrasethefollowingsentence:NooneinWashingtontodayrecallswhathappened…theUnitedStates.(para.6)WarmingupObjectivesLearnaboutthedifferentsolutionstothedrugproblemandunderstandtheprosandconsofeachofthem.Comparetheargumentsandfindouttheirlogicalpremisesandfallacies.Learnhowtoarguecoherentlyandconvincinglybystudyingthetechniquesemployedbythewriters.WarmingupBackgroundHistoryAuthorsUnit6HowDoWeDealwiththeDrugProblem?1.GoreVidalprolificAmericannovelist,andessayistpoliticalactivist:Democratic-LiberalThewarondrugshasnothingatalltodowithdrugs.Itispartofanall-outwarontheAmericanpeoplebyagovernmentinterestedonlyincontrol.—GoreVidalBackgroundAuthors“ProbablynoAmericanwritersinceFranklinhasderided,ridiculed,andmockedAmericansmoreskillfullyandmoreoftenthanVidal.”(GordonS.Wood,TheNewYorkTimes,December14,2003)GoreVidalwasoftenpointedlycontroversial:hepublishedcommentsondemocracy,homosexuality,religion,anddruglegalization.BackgroundAuthors2.ClarencePagecolumnistandmemberoftheeditorialboardoftheChicagoTribune1972PulitzerPrizeforaChicagoTribuneTaskForceseriesonvoterfraud1989PulitzerPrizeforCommentaryBackgroundBackgroundAuthors3.CharlesKrauthammerasyndicatedcolumnist:TheWashingtonPostWritersGrouppoliticalcommentatorphysicianconservative(neoconservativeinforeignpolicy)BackgroundBackgroundAuthorsComparethethreeauthors’backgroundsandseeifyoucanexplainwhytheydisagreewitheachother.BackgroundBackgroundAuthorsProhibitionintheUnitedStates(theNobleExperiment)1840s,spearheadedbysomereligiousdenominations1881,Kansasasthefirsttooutlawalcoholicbeverages1917,alcoholbannedasmandatedinthe18thAmendmenttotheConstitution1919-1933,nation-widemovement,plaguedbysmugglingandbootlegging1933,the18thAmendmentrepealedbythe21stAmendmentHistoryBackgroundTextAnalysisEssay1Essay2Essay3StructureDetailedAnalysisStructureDetailedAnalysisDetailedAnalysisStructureUnit6HowDoWeDealwiththeDrugProblem?WhatisthesolutiontothedrugproblemofferedbyVidal?legalizationratherthancriminalizationWhatthenarehismainarguments?Therighttobeinformedcorrectly(paras.1-2)Therighttochoose(paras.3-4)Sanepeoplewon’tbeaddictedtodrugs.(para.5)AlessonfromProhibition(paras.6-7)Thegovernmentandthemafiahaveavestedinterestinthecriminalizationofdrugs.(paras.8-10)TextAnalysisEssay1StructureofEssay1TherighttobeinformedsensiblyHowtoinformpeoplesensibly?Whywillthisrequireheroichonesty?Doyouthinkthiswillwork?heroinopiumecstasyspeediceTextAnalysisEssay1Argument1:Discussion1.atcost(atcostprice)Tom’suncleisacardealerandlethimbuythecaratcost.Cost+_______=sellingpriceTranslation倾销是指用低于成本的价格进行销售，以将竞争对手赶出市场的行为。Dumpingisthesellingbelowcosttodrivecompetitorsoutofmarket.实话和您说吧，这差不多是成本价了。Totellyouthetruth,it’salmostatcostprice.markupTextAnalysisEssay1Argument1:WordsandExpressions(1)2.kick/breakthehabit(infml)tostopdoingsththathasbeenahabitforalongtime,esp.abadordangeroushabitThecenterprovideshelpforaddictswhohavekickedtheirhabitandwanttostayawayfromdrugs.Alexhaskickedcigarettes,heroin,andbooze.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument1:WordsandExpressions(2)3.(just)fortherecordJustfortherecord,Ididn’tvoteforhim.FortherecordI’djustliketosaythatItotallydisagreewiththisdecision.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument1:WordsandExpressions(3)*TherighttochooseTochoosewhat?Thepreconditionofthisright?Doyouthinkthattakingdrugsbelongstothisright?rightrightrightTextAnalysisEssay1Argument2:DiscussionendupIwonderedwherethepictureswouldendupaftertheauction.endupdoingsthMostslimmersoncrashdietsendupputtingweightbackon.endupwithAnyonewhoswimsintherivercouldendupwithanastystomachupset.endupasHecouldendupasPresident.enduplikeIdon’twanttoenduplikemyparents.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument2:WordsandExpressionsSanepeoplewon’tbeaddictedtodrugs.Why?Howtodealwithpeoplewhoarenotsaneenough?Howcantheforbiddenfruitpsychologyapplytothisargument?Doyouagreewiththisargument?TextAnalysisEssay1Argument3:Discussion1.itistoobadthat…itisapitythat…Itistoobadthatthecountryhadtogotowaroverthematter.2.itisnottoobadif…Itisnottoobadifamanhassomewilddreams.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument3:WordsandExpressionsAlessonfromProhibitionWhat’sthelesson?What’smeantby“nopublicmemoryofanythingthathappenedlastTuesday”?WhydidtheCongressfeelittheir“divinemission”toprohibitalcohol?TheresultofProhibition?TextAnalysisEssay1Argument4:Discussion1.sthisforbiddentosb那时任何外国人都被禁止进入该地。Entrytotheplacewasthenforbiddentoallforeigners.2.stampout地方政府发动了一场运动来清除腐败。Thelocalgovernmenthasmadeadrivetostampoutcorruption.3.have/feelcontemptfor我对这种不诚实的行为只有蔑视。Ihave/feelnothingbutcontemptforsuchdishonestbehaviors.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument4:WordsandExpressionsThegovernmentandthemafiahaveavestedinterestinthecriminalizationofdrugs.Howcanthisbe?Whyblamethegovernmentforthedeaths?Whydoesthegovernmenthaveavestedinterestinit?WhatisthenVidal’srealconcern?Thedrugproblem?Orindividualfreedomagainstgovernmentcontrol?TextAnalysisEssay1Argument5:Discussion1.get(sb)hookedon根据最近的一份 报告 软件系统测试报告下载sgs报告如何下载关于路面塌陷情况报告535n,sgs报告怎么下载竣工报告下载 ，八岁的小孩子就会吸海洛因成瘾。Childrenasyoungaseightyearsoldcangethookedonheroin,accordingtoarecentreport.小伙子是很容易喜欢上这种音乐的。Youngmencaneasilygethookedonthiskindofmusic.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument5:WordsandExpressions(1)2.haveavestedinterestin(doing)sth美国南北战争以前，要废除奴隶制很难，因为奴隶主有既得利益。ItwasdifficulttoendthesystemofslaverybeforetheCivilWarbecauseslaveownershadavestedinterestinkeepingit.莫娜离开公司对他有利。HehasavestedinterestinMona’sleavingthefirm.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument5:WordsandExpressions(2)witherawaytodieoutordisappeargradually因为吸毒，她成为艺术家的希望逐渐幻灭。Asaresultofherdrugaddiction,herpromiseofbecominganartistwitheredaway.上了年纪的人抱怨说，在这个自由社会里，老的价值观念正在逐渐消失。Olderpeoplearecomplainingthattheoldvaluesarewitheringawayinthisfreesociety.TextAnalysisEssay1Argument5:WordsandExpressions(3)WhatisthesolutiontothedrugproblemofferedbyPage?Neitherlegalizationnorcriminalizationwillwork.Itisinfactasocialproblem.Whatthenarehismainarguments?Legalizationisoversimplified:proponents’arguments.(paras.11-15)Legalization’sfailure:opponents’arguments.(paras.16-18)Criminalizationisneithertherightanswertothisproblem.(paras.19-20)TextAnalysisEssay2StructureofEssay2Legalizationisoversimplified:proponents’arguments.1.commonwisdom:remove_____________pumpedintotheunder-worldreduce____________attractiontakeaway____________taxthesaleandusemoneyto____________________2.“deepthinkers”KurtSchmoke:_______________________________________MiltonFriedman:_______________________immenseprofitsforbidden-fruitcriminalstigmabuildmoretreatmentcentersProhibitionofdrugsisbailingouttheoceanwithateaspoon.Prohibitionmakesmattersworse.TextAnalysisEssay2Argument1:FillintheBlanksPara.11:Unfortunately,legalizationsoundstoogoodtobetrue.Para.12:Itsoundsgoodbecauseitissimple…Para.13:Deepthinkers…Para.15:Hewasnotaloneinhissentiments.Para.16:Thesimplicity…Unfortunately,thesimplebeauty…hasanuglygapinghole.TextAnalysisEssay2Argument1:Transition1.Satire/Irony:Ifyoucan’twinthegame,changetherules.…deliciouslyconvenient…Deepthinkers…2.Understatement:…soundstoogoodtobetrueandprobablyis.Quotationfromauthority:para.15TextAnalysisEssay2Argument1:WritingTechniques1.pump…into…toputalargeamountofsthinto,usu.atahighrate特区政府未来五年在旅游业投入18亿美元以振兴不景气的经济。TheSARGovernmentwillpump$1.8billionintothetouristindustryoverthenextfiveyearstohelprevivethesaggingeconomy.在考试前她极力向他灌输一些知识.Shetriedtopumpsomefactsintohisheadbeforetheexamination.TextAnalysisEssay2Argument1:WordsandExpressions(1)2.bailouttoremovewater;tohelpsboutoftrouble,esp.financialproblems我们不能指望政府帮助所有的亏损公司摆脱困境。Wecan’texpectthegovernmenttobailoutallthefailingcompanies.bealonein(doing)sth不是只有我一个人这么认为。Iamnotaloneinthinkingso.TextAnalysisEssay2Argument1:WordsandExpressions(2)Legalization’sfailure:opponents’arguments1.Whatdothefollowingpeoplesay?Prof.JamesQ.WilsonWilliamBennett2.Interestingcomparison:paras.16&18Doyoufindanythingworthnoting?Whatdoesyourfindingsuggestforourownessaywriting?TextAnalysisEssay2Argument2:Discussion1.thebeautyofsthThebeautyofe-mailisitsspeedandeaseofuse.2.rebuttalmakearebuttalofTheymadeaclause-by-clauserebuttaloftheletter.TextAnalysisEssay2Argument2:WordsandExpressionsCriminalizationisneithertherightanswertothisproblem.Thenwhatistheansweraccordingtotheauthor?Thequickfixisillusorybecause…Theslowfixisillusorybecause…TextAnalysisEssay2Argument3:DiscussionmagicbulletThere’snomagicbulletforschoolreform.quickfixThere’snoquickfixforstoppingpollution.Congressistryingtoavoidquick-fixsolutions.TextAnalysisEssay2Argument3:WordsandExpressionsQuestionsforDiscussionAccordingtotheauthor,whatistheultimatecauseofthedrugproblem?Doyouagree?Doestheauthorproposeapossiblesolutiontothedrugproblem?Whatsolutionscanyoupropose?TextAnalysisEssay2WhatisthesolutiontothedrugproblemofferedbyKrauthammer?Deglamorization.Drugproblemcanonlybesolvedculturally.Whatthenarehismainarguments?Islegalizationagoodsolution?(paras.21-26)Whatshouldwedo?(paras.27-31)Conclusion:foursolutions.(para.32)TextAnalysisEssay3StructureofEssay3Islegalizationagoodsolution?1.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardslegalizationonthefollowingissues?druglawenforcementcomparison:illegaldrugsvs.alcoholrelationshipbetweenlegalizationanddruguse2.Islegalizationagoodsolution?√TextAnalysisEssay3Argument1:Discussion1.tobootinaddition;too;furthermoreItwasalongfilmandanuninterestingonetoboot.2.dwarftobesobigthatotherthingsaremadetoseemverysmallShakespearedwarfsotherdramatists.3.beheretostayTolegalizeotherdrugsistodeclarethattherestofthepharmacyisheretostaytoo.TextAnalysisEssay3Argument1:WordsandExpressionsWhatshouldwedo?1.Whydoestheauthormentionsmoking?changedimageofsmokers?measurestaken?2.Weshoulddothesametodrugs…attitudetowardsthe“JustSayNotoDrugs”campaign?Whatdoeshemeanby“crackingdownhardonusers”?TextAnalysisEssay3Argument2:Discussion1.projecttotrytomakepeopleseesthinaparticularway他的第一项任务就是塑造格拉斯哥友好城市的形象。HisfirstjobistoprojectGlasgowasafriendlycity.2.crackdown(hard)ontobestrictinmakingagroupofpeopleobeyrulesorlaws他们正在严厉查处酒后驾车。Theyarecrackingdownhardondrunkdriving.TextAnalysisEssay3Argument2:WordsandExpressions(1)3.enoughtogoaroundenoughtobesharedamongagrouportodoallthethingsneededEventually,wewillnothaveenoughwatertogoaround.Arethereenoughbookstogoaroundthewholeclass?4.imposesanctionsagainstSomepeopleproposetopunishdrugtakersbyimposingstiffsanctionsagainsttheirproperty—heavyfinesandconfiscation.TextAnalysisEssay3Argument2:WordsandExpressions(2)5.throwintoaddsthtowhatyouaresellingwithoutincreasingthepriceTheyofferedmeaweekendbreakinParis,withfreebeerthrownin.TextAnalysisEssay3Argument2:WordsandExpressions(3)DiscussionWhatisKrauthammer’sopinionconcerningeachofthefoursolutions?TextAnalysisEssay3ReinforcementWritingDiscussionUnit6HowDoWeDealwiththeDrugProblem?Dothesedifferentsolutionsrepresentdifferentvestedinterests?Whatwouldyousayaboutthecontent,structureandlanguageofthethreeessays?Howarethefollowingmethodsusedtosupportthearguments?logic/closereasoningfactsstatisticssourceofauthoritycommonsenseexperiencebasicprinciplesReinforcementDiscussionBelieveitornot,manyoftheargumentscanbeborrowedcomfortablyfordiscussionsonotherissues.Canyoutakeapositionononeissueanddefendyourpointwithsomeargumentsfromthetext?prostitutiongamblingsmokingReinforcementWriting