英语翻译技巧与实践（通识）

Translation Skills & Practice—Course Description Purpose basic ideas, skills & translation ability Teaching Schedule 1. Basic Ideas of Translation 2. Literal Trs vs. Liberal Trs. 直译与意译 3. Diction 选词用字 4. Amplification and Omission 増译与省译 5. Conversion 转换词类 6. Passive and Active被动语主动Personal Sbjt and Impersonal Sbjt 人称与物称 7. Substitutive vs. Repetitive 替代与重复Hypotaxis vs. Parataxis 形合与意合 8. Inversion or Restructuring 词序变换或重构 9. Long Sentences 长句的处理 10. Culture and Trs 文化与翻译 Lecture 1# Introduction — Basic Knowledge of Translation Reference Books 杨莉藜《英汉互译教程》 上册 三年级上册必备古诗语文八年级上册教案下载人教社三年级上册数学 pdf四年级上册口算下载三年级数学教材上册pdf 河南大学出版社，1993 Joan Pinkham, 姜桂华. The Translator’s Guide to Chinglish 《中式英语之鉴》. 北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1998 Contents 1. Translation classification 2. The concept of translation 3. Translation Criteria 4. Contributions of Translation 1 Categories of Translation a. 按所涉及的两种代码的性质，可分为语内翻译、语际翻译、语符翻译。 b. 按翻译主体的性质，可分为人工翻译、机器翻译两类。 human translation machine translation c. 按翻译的工具和成品形式，可分为口译和笔译。 interpretation (CI & SI) translation d. 按翻译的客体，即所译资料的性质，可分为文学翻译和实用翻译。 literary translation practical/pragmatic translation a) drama, poetry, novel, prose, etc. b) EST, Commercials, legal documents, etc. 2. Definition of Translation The term translation itself has several meanings: 翻译是科学，也是一门艺术。 钱钟书非常赞赏林纾的翻译。 His first play has been translated to the screen. Process of translation Understanding, expression, checking 1 3 Translation Criteria 3.1 Domestic ideas 三国时期，支谦（textbook, page 5） “循本质，不加文饰” 译经原则 （follow the original intention of the author without any embroidery） 唐代, 玄奘 “既须求真，又须喻俗” (be truthful and intelligible to the populace) considering both the original work & the readership *19世纪末近代著名翻译家严复“信、达、雅”三原则。（刘重德先生提出“信、达、切” 。） * 朱生豪的“神韵说” * 傅雷的“神似说” 傅雷在其《高老头》的《重译本序》（1951年）中写道“以效果而论，翻译应像临画一样，所求的不再形似而在神似”。 * 钱钟书的 “化境说” 文学翻译的最高理想可以说是“化” ——把作品从一国文字转变成另一国文字，既能不因语文习惯的差异而露出生硬牵强的痕迹，又能完全保存原作的风味，那就算得入于“化境”。陈福康. 《中国译学理论史稿》上海外教社 3.2 Overseas Ideas A.F.Tytler (18世纪英国爱丁堡大学教授泰特勒) 提出了翻译三原则： That the Translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work. That the style and manner of writing should be of the same character with that of the original. That the Translation should have all the ease of original composition. (textbook, page8) Criteria for us fidelity and fluency Faithfulness and expressiveness (textbook, page9) Faithfulness Should the translator be faithful to the original work or the original author? the content of the original work or the style of it? the target readers or the patrons? Expressiveness 通顺的最低要求是译文的语言形式必须符合译入语的习惯，没有语法错误，不生硬牵强，诘屈聱牙，阅读时能知其所云。 通顺的最高要求是译文语言要具有原文语言的流畅性，要以地道的译入语再现原文的 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 。句子的安排，句式的选择，词语、节奏、韵律的搭配都很得当，易为译入语读者所接受。 Is translation easy ? Have a try. 1. Many people sleep late at weekends. 周末许多人睡懒觉（起得晚）。 2. Hey, your nose is running. 瞧，你流鼻涕了。 3. I am gonna leave China for good. 我要永远离开中国啦。 4. A friend does not betray confidences. 朋友是不会泄露秘密的。 5. Pollution is still very much a live issue. 污染仍然是目前非常让人关注的问题。 Difficulty in Sound Reproduction ---What keys are too big to carry in your pocket? ---A donkey, a monkey, and a turkey. ---Why are you never hungry when you play on a beach? ---Because of the sand which is there. 汉语诗词里的谐音（homophone） 东边日出西边雨，道是无晴却有晴。 （刘禹锡《竹枝词》） 我失骄杨君失柳，杨柳轻扬、直上重霄九。 I lost my proud poplar and you your willow. As poplar and willow they soar straight up into the ninth heaven. 2 绕口令 (tongue twister) I saw Esau sawing wood, And Esau saw I saw him; Though Esau saw I saw him saw; Still Esau went on sawing. non-standard words in literary works --- “That’s what I thocht meself, m’lady.” --- “Yes,” said Lady Coot. “Yes, certainly.” --- “I thocht you’d gree, m’lady,” said MacDonald. --- “Oh, certainly,” said Lady Coot again. --- “我就是这么乡的，乎人。” --- “是的”库特夫人接道。“当然是真的。” --- “我乡您费同意，乎人，”麦克唐纳说。 --- “噢，当然！”库特夫人又说道。 Difficulty on lexical/ grammatical level ---What makes a road broad? --- The letter “B”. --Why do you throw the butter out of the window? --Because I want to see butter fly. 口十心思，思乡思友思父母； 言身寸謝，謝天謝地謝君王。 我叫倪斌，人儿倪，文武斌。 Dot the i’s and cross the t’s. There is no I in the word team. 人曾为僧，人弗可以成佛。 女卑为婢，女又何妨称奴。 The man who has been a monk cannot become a Buddha. The girl who is a bond maid may be called a slave. A Buddhist cannot bud in a Buddha. A Maiden may be made a housemaid. 修辞的翻译 alliteration He is all fire and fight. 他怒气冲冲，来势汹汹。 rhyme For never was a story of more woe Than this of Juliet and her Romeo. (Shakespeare) 古往今来多少离合悲欢， 谁曾见这样的哀怨辛酸！（朱生豪译） Puns—Homograph （语义双关） 米的妈妈是谁？是花，因为花生米。 米的爸爸是谁？是碟，因为蝶恋花。 米的姥姥是谁？是爆米花，因为既抱过米又抱过花。(p23, textbook) Who’s rice’s mother? It’s flower, because flower gives birth to rice. Who’s rice’s father? It’s butterfly, because butterfly loves flower. Who’s rice’s grandma? It’s popcorn, because popcorn has brought up both rice and flower. “很好。不用瞎担心事情了。我还有委员的福分呢！”“么事的桂圆？”妻子没听清楚他的话。 “He gave me very good news. We need not worry about a job. I have the possibility of being a member of a committee. ” “What’s the common tea?” asked the wife, who only vaguely caught the sound. palindrome (回文) Madam, I’m Adam. 3 Cain, a maniac. (该隐 In the Old Testament, the eldest son of Adam and Eve, who murdered his brother Abel out of jealousy and was condemned to be a fugitive. ) A man, a plan, a canal---Panama Niagara, O roar again! 上海自来水来自海上 黄山落叶松叶落山黄 Translation of palindromes Able was I ere I saw Elba 我在看到厄尔巴岛之前曾是强有力的。 （钱歌川） 不见棺材不掉泪 不到厄岛我不倒 （许渊冲） 若非孤岛孤非弱 落败孤岛孤败落 （马红军） Translation Practice 1 -- What do you think of the man? -- You’ve stolen my question. --你觉得这个人怎么样？--我正要问你呢。 This novel was the beginning of his fame. 这部小说是他的成名之作。 他是一位令人尊敬的教授。 He is a very respectable professor. Translation Practice 2 “The world learned more about China, and China learned more about the rest of the world,” IOC President Jacques Rogge said. “These were truly exceptional Games,” he said. China’s new sporting superpower status reflects its emerging global economic might, Reuters commented. 4 TLecture 2 Literal Translation vs. Free Translation Literal Translation Literal translation is asked 1) not to alter the figures of speech, 2) strive to retain the original sentence structures or patterns as much as possible. It strives to reproduce both the ideological content and the style of the original works and retains as much as possible the figures of speech. 直译(Literal translation) 指不仅忠实于原文内容,而且忠实于原文形式的翻译方法。 第一： 忠于原文内容 第二： 忠于原文形式 (要求在保持原文内容的前提下，力求使译文与原文在选词用字、句法结构、形象比喻及风格特征等方面尽可能趋同) 第三：通顺的译文 Example 在我的后园，可以看见墙外有两株树，一株是枣树，还有一株也是枣树。 Behind the wall of my backyard you can see two trees: one is a date tree, the other is also a date tree. When should we employ 直译法 ? 1) Common civilization // globalization cold war hot line spicy girl black market pillar industry Blood is thicker than water. 2)Widely-spread idioms and household words The Senate Foreign Relations Committee today extended the olive branch to the Clinton Government by pleading for cooperation in developing foreign policy. 参议院外交委员会今天向克林顿政府伸出了橄榄枝，请求合作发展外交政策。 In the court action, Alan sprang his trump card by calling a surprise witness. 在法庭诉讼中，阿兰突然打出了他的王牌—— 请出一位意想不到的证人。(杀手锏) 3）When the sentence structure is similar between English & Chinese I’ll always remember Thanksgivings as the times we ate good food, sang old-fashioned songs, and shared a lot of love with family and friends. 我将永远记得，感恩节是我们吃美食、唱老歌、与家人朋友分享爱的时刻。 Although I don’t visit it often now, it was once the center of my life. 尽管我现在不常去那儿，但那里曾经一度是我生活的中心。 The benefits of 直译法 1. Reflecting the scene and flavor of the foreign country concerned 2. Absorbing some exotic expressions (loan words, borrowed words) to be armed to teeth to show one’s cards shuttle diplomacy a gentleman’s agreement to strike somebody when he is unprepared Easy come, easy go. Speech is silver, silence is golden. Attention: 1) Being not only faithful in thought but smooth in language is a basic demand of a translator. 2) It is impossible for one to translate every sentence or a whole text word-for-word. 3) Do not mistake dead translation for literal translation. He was in his birthday suit. 误/死/呆译: 他穿上了生日礼服。 意译: 他一丝不挂。 Clinton has a clever tongue. 死/呆译: 克林顿有一个聪明的舌头。 意译: 克林顿能言善辩。 打开窗户说亮话。 死译: to open the window and say bright words 意译: to put all cards on the table（摊牌） 1 Liberal/Free Translation Free translation changes the original work’s figures of speech, sentence structures or patterns, but not the original meaning. It stresses the TL smoothness. It aims at the communicative effect of the translated version. 所谓意译，就是只保持原文内容、不保持原文形式的翻译方法或翻译文字。 (P40 冯庆华《英汉互译实用翻译教程》上海外语教育出版社，1997) 意译不拘泥原文结构形式与修辞手法 第一： 忠于原文内容 第二： 通顺 第三： 考虑原文句式/修辞 Examples John can be relied on. He eats no fish and plays the game. 约翰为人可靠，他既忠诚又正直。 三口之家 a nuclear family 四世同堂 the extended family with four generations under the same roof 爸爸，感谢您对我们的爱，你的辛勤工作让我和妈妈衣食无虞。 Dear dad, thank you for your affection towards us, your hard work always keeps bread on the table and roof over our head. 林琴南，林纾，编译 Uncle Tom’s cabin 黑奴吁天录 Gone with the Wind 乱世佳人 Waterloo Bridge 魂断蓝桥 David Copperfield 孤星血泪 When should we employ 意译法 ? 1）When literal translation will cause misunderstanding Dutch wife 死译/硬译：荷兰老婆 意译：竹夫人(藤制长筒抱枕) Bull’s eye 死译/硬译：公牛的眼睛 意译：靶心 Ladybird 死译/硬译： 女士鸟 意译：瓢虫 2) When a corresponding TL form will conflict with the sociolinguistic norm of the TL in style, communicative modes, etc. 儿童不宜。 Adult only. Don’t pull my leg. 愚弄某人, 哄骗某人的钱 3) When an adopted expression has not taken root in the TL so that the TL readers will offer a free interpretation. 你不要班门弄斧了. Don’t display your axe at Lu Ban’s door. Remain modest before an authority. Don’t teach a fish how to swim. Don’t teach your grandmother how to suck eggs. (scarcity) Don’t teach a spider how to spin. Important Tips 1) Both 直译and意译 should be faithful. 2) 直译→ the exotic flavor of the original work 意译→ the communicative effect of TT A successful translation is usually a combination of both, and both methods ought to be adopted in a flexible and realistic way. Comparison 1. 他当上了海员。 He became a sailor. He followed the sea. 2 2. 巧妇难为无米之炊。 The cleverest housewife cannot cook a meal without rice. One cannot make bricks without straw. 3. Every spirits you take is a nail in your coffin. 你喝的每一杯酒都是你棺材上的一根钉。 你每喝一杯酒都在缩短你的寿命。 Combination 大门一开，房里亮了。但朝外看去，村里还是鸡不啼狗不吠的，一点声息也听不到。 Light streamed into the room as soon as the door was opened. But outside, the village was still quiet. Neither dogs barked nor roosters crowed. Practice 汉译英: 感：sense 责任 安全质量包保责任状安全管理目标责任状8安全事故责任追究制幼儿园安全责任状占有损害赔偿请求权 感，安全感，自卑感，优越感 a sense of responsibility , a sense of safety, a sense of inferiority, a sense of superiority 节奏感，正义感，羞耻感，幽默感 a sense of rhythm, a sense of justice, a sense of shame, a sense of humor 无助感，方向感，紧迫感 a sense of hopelessness, a sense of direction, a sense of urgency Any person not putting litter in this basket will be liable to a fine of ￡5. 任何不把废弃物放入筐中的人将可能被罚款5英镑。 废物入筐，违者罚款五镑。 --老张走进房间一看，只见女儿在床上睡成了一个“大”字。 --Old Zhang went into the room and saw his daughter lying on the bed in the shape of the Chinese character 大. -- Mr. Zhang went into the room and saw his daughter lying spread-eagled on the bed. 3 Lecture 3 Translation Techniques Diction Diction means the proper choice of words and phrases in translation on the basis of accurate comprehension of the original. Mark Twain: The difference between the right word and the almost right word is really a large matter— ‘tis the difference between the lightning bug and the lightning． ( textbook, page 34) Contents Disparity between “Corresponding Words” in English and Chinese 1. Disparity in Semantic Range 2. Disparity in Semantic Relations 3. Disparity in Semantic Color 4. Semantic Transparency 1. Disparity in Semantic Range 1.1 full Correspondence This is most evidently shown in proper nouns and technical terms. Jacques Rogge Athens aspirin 激光 纳米技术 1.2 zero correspondence clock-watcher 冰糖葫芦 学习委员/体育委员…… 1.3 Partial Correspondence Wife Potato … 1.4 Overlapping say, speak, talk, tell, relate, state … 说，讲，谈，诉 2. Semantic Relations- polysemy (一词多义) trunk of a tree 树干 of an elephant 象鼻 of a car a covered compartment for luggage and storage, generally at the rear of an automobile 汽车尾部行李箱 You have to sign your name and put your seal to it. And then seal it properly with sticky tape before you mail it. A fruit grower once said, “I eat what I can, what I cannot eat, I can.” The container is no larger than a milk can. I can lift it without difficulty. Needing some light to see by, the burglar crossed the room with a light step to light the light with the light green shade. 这姑娘是漂亮。This girl is really beautiful. 此人是书就读。 This man reads every book he can reach. 是可忍，孰不可忍? If this can be tolerated, what cannot? 是古非今。 Praise the past to condemn the present. 2.3 Synonymy 同义词 belly (Anglo-Saxon), stomach (Latin) , abdomen (French) lawyer, attorney, barrister, legal counsel/adviser, solicitor, practitioner priest, vicar, churchman, clergyman, chaplain, pastor, minister, rector, presbyter, celebrant, cleric, ecclesiastic, father (p40) A lioness and her cubs could be seen under a tree. The cats seemed unaware of our presence. We watched for several minutes, thinking how beautiful the animals were. (page 41) Synonyms make the expressions coherent, varied and/or more colorful. In fact, it may be said that anything that is not an animal or a vegetable is a mineral. 事实上，可以说任何东西只要不是动物或植物便是矿物。 Higher water levels in the lake area may also damage bamboo groves. That means giant pandas, which feed on these plants will suffer. 湖区水位的提高可能要危及竹子的生长。这就意味着以竹子为食的大熊猫也将受到威胁。 3. Semantic Color 词义的色彩 commendatory sense derogatory sense neutral (varying with different collocations) 昨日偷桃钻狗洞； 他年攀桂步蟾宫。 Green is the national color of Egypt, but it should not be used for packages. The French, Dutch, and Swedes associate green with cosmetics and toiletries. In the Orient, green suggests exuberance, but when agriculturalist Steve Renk visited northern China and distributed green baseball caps, he found that men refused to wear them. The reason? 不是西风压倒东风，就是东风压倒西风。 Ode to the West Wind Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822) 喻云根. 英美名著翻译比较. 武汉：湖北教育出版社，2005 P37-72 ( H315.9/6814) Double-faced words We have mapped out a scheme. 我们制定了一个计划。 The enemy’s scheme went bankrupt. 敌人的阴谋破产了。 The aggressive nature of imperialism will never change. 帝国主义侵略的本性是决不会改变的。 Jim was an aggressive engineer who did his job quite well. 吉姆是个有进取心的工程师, 他工作干得很出色。 4. Semantic Transparency 词义的透明度 (P42) Guinea pig 豚鼠 ringworm 癣 morning glory 天牛 longicorn 壁虎 gecko 海豹 seal 海象 walrus 酸奶 sour milk yoghurt 宣传 propaganda popularize 寒衣 cold clothes warm clothes 早恋 early love puppy love (好莱坞)大片 big movie blockbuster 青春痘 youth spot acne 方便面 convenient noodles instant noodles 隐形眼镜 invisible glasses contact lens 休息室 rest room lounge Practice: 1. There he bought a bar of chocolate for his daughter and then he had a couple of beers in the bar not far from the school. 2. All known criminals are now either behind bars or sent to reform school. People feel much safer. In fact, many people do not even bar their doors at night. 3. People said that this eloquent young man was made for the bar. But he ended up behind bars. He was charged with taking bribes. 4. Professor Strong was a man of great renown. 斯特朗教授是位很有名望的人。 5. Lincoln was respected by his people for his foresightedness. 林肯富于远见, 受到人民的尊敬。 6. We need tough-minded soldiers in our army. 我们的军队需要意志坚强的士兵。 7. The Chinese people are brave and industrious. 中国人民勤劳勇敢。 8. The politician was notorious for his double-dealing. 这位政客因耍两面派手法而臭名昭著。 9. The Second World War was the most enormous universal havoc of all-time. 第二次世界大战是有史以来规模最大的一场全球性浩劫。 10. 爱迪生发明了留声机和电灯。Edison invented the gramophone and the electric light. 11. People sometimes invent excuses to go out of work. 人们有时编造借口不去上班。 12. Marshal Peng Dehuai was a revolutionary in deed as well as in word. 彭德怀元帅是一个言行一致的革命者。 13. He had lied to me and made me the tool of his wicked deeds. 他欺骗了我，使我成为他罪恶勾当的工具。 14. Donald was too obviously flattering the gentleman by saying he was the most courageous man he had ever seen. 唐纳德说这位先生是他所见到过的最有胆识的人，这种阿谀奉承未免过于露骨。 15. Miss Davis felt greatly flattered when she received the invitation to deliver a lecture. 戴维斯小姐接到去作演讲的邀请时, 感到非常荣幸。 2 Lecture 4 Amplification and Omission 1.平行结构 / 比较句型 Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. 读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩。 The best conductor has the least resistance and the poorest the greatest. 最好的导体电阻最小，最差的导体电阻最大。 我已经提前完成了交给我的工作，他也提前完成了交给他的任务。 I have fulfilled my task ahead of schedule, so has he. 质子带正电，电子带负电，而中子既不带正电也不带负电。 A proton has a positive charge and an electron a negative charge, but a neutron has neither. All these made it impossible for the individual scientist to deal with the huge mass of new data，techniques and equipment that were required for carrying out research accurately and effectively. 这一切使得单个科学家无法处理进行精确而高效的研究所需的大量的新资料，新技术和新设备。 In the evening, after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions, he would work on the drafting of the final communiqué. 晚上在参加宴会、出席音乐会和观看乒乓球 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 演以后，他还得起草最后公报。 A scientist constantly tried to defeat his hypotheses, his theories and his conclusion. 科学家经常设法否定自己的假设，推翻自己的理论，并放弃自己的结论。 Matter can be changed into energy, and energy into matter. 物质可以转化为能，能也可以转化为物质。 Avoid using this computer in extreme cold, heat, dust or humidity. 不要在过冷、过热、灰尘过重、湿度过大的情况下使用此电脑。 我们必须培养 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 问题解决问题的能力。 We must cultivate the ability to analyze and solve problems. 2. 名词复数 /概括性的词 There were rows of houses which he had never seen before. 那一排排的房子都是他从来没有见过的。 The Americans and Japanese conducted a completely secret exchange of message. 美日双方在完全保密的情况下互通了讯息。 He stretched his legs which were scattered with scars. 他伸出双腿，露出腿上的道道伤痕。 When she came to, she saw smiling faces around her. 她苏醒过来，看见周围一张张笑脸。 Henry Kissinger had slept there before, in July and again in October. 这之前，基辛格在7月和10月两度在那里下榻。 我们应采取一系列措施保护灾区人民的生命和财产安全。 We should adopt a series of measures to save people’s lives and property in the disaster-stricken area. 3. 抽象概念/ 概念范畴词 to persuade 说服 persuasion 说服工作 backward 落后 backwardness 落后状态 tense 紧张 tension 紧张局势 mad疯狂 madness 疯狂行为 arrogant自满 arrogance 自满情绪 After all preparations were made, the planes were flown across the U.S. to San Francisco. 1 一切准备工作就绪后，飞机就飞越美国去旧金山。 Oxidation will make iron and steel rusty. 氧化作用会使钢铁生锈。 从水的蒸发现象可知，液体在一定条件下能转变为气体。 From the evaporation of the water people know that liquids can be changed into gases under certain condition. 中国有13亿多人口，陆地自然资源人均占有量低于世界平均水平。 China has a population of more than 1.3 billion, and its land natural resources per capita are lower than the world’s average. 4. 逻辑性增词 I am looking forward to the holidays. 我在等待假日的到来。 Footsteps announced his return. 听见脚步声，知道他回来了。 amplification of time indicator The surgeons weren’t sure how long my new joints would last. But they’re holding up fine. 那些外科医生当时不能肯定我的新关节可以维持多久，但是它们至今还运转良好哩。 Practice 1. This is a record increase. 2. In the event of war, the side which has a high degree of mobility will get a decided advantage. 3. I was taught that two sides of a triangle were greater than the third. 4. For the international community the most striking consequence of these changes is that China has grown to be the world’s fourth largest economy, and is set to grow further. 5. 尽管工业方面取得了很大的进步，但农业始终是国家的基本事业。 1. 这一增长幅度创历史记录。 2. 如果发生战争，哪一方有高度的机动性，哪一方就会获得决定性的优势。 3. 我学过，三角形的两边之和大于第三边。 4. 对国际社会来说，这些变化带来的最引人注目的结果是中国已跃居为世界第四经济大国，而且今后定会更强。 5. Despite the great gains in industry, agriculture remained the nation’s basic occupation. 5. 修辞性增词 After more than two centuries of wind and rain, the doors and windows were moldering but the masonry remained solid. 经过200多年的风吹雨打，门窗糟朽了，砖却还结实。 Many San Diegans, angered by the way Rogers was treated , accused the school of gross ingratitude and cowardice. 许多圣迭哥人对这样对待罗杰斯感到愤慨，他们指责校方十足的忘恩负义和胆小怕事。 Their host carved, poured, served, cut bread, talked, laughed, proposed healths. 热情的主人又是切肉，又是倒茶，又是上菜，又是切面包；谈啊，笑啊，敬酒啊，忙个不停。 主人割肉呀，斟酒呀，布菜呀，切面包呀，敬酒啊，又说又笑，忙个不停。 The most romantic city, Paris, intrigues, astonishes, provokes, overwhelms and gets under your ski