飞机机身结构非正常着陆耐撞性仿真分析

飞 机 机 身 结 构 非 正 常 着 陆 耐 撞 性 仿 真 分 析 Ξ NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF CRASHWORTHINESS OF AN AIRCRAFT STRUCTURE ???1ΞΞ 　???1 　　???2 (1 . ?????? ???? , ?? 710072) (2. ????????? , ?? 710089) YIN ZhiPing1 　LI YuLong1 　TAN ShenGang2 (1 . College of Aeronautics , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi′an 710072 , China) (2 . The First Aircraft Institute , Xi′an 710089 , China) ?? 　????????????? ,???????????? ,???????? CCAR223??????。? ?????????????????? ,???????????????? ,???????????????? ??、?????????????????????? ,????????????????????。???? , ????????????????? ,????????????? 。?????? ,????????????? ???????? ,??????????。 ??? 　??? 　??? 　????? 　???? ????? 　V223 　TP391. 9 　V215. 2 Abstr act 　Under the abnormal landing , the aircraft structure must guarantee the safety of passengers according to China Civil Avi2 ation Regulations223(CCAR223) . For the first time , the crashworthiness model of some civil2aircraft fuselage structure is carried out. The influence of crash velocity has been taken into account. Under different crash velocity , the acceleration of floor , impact force , and energy absorption capability have been analyzed. Numerical results show that horizontal velocity influences the impact force , energy ab2 sorption , and acceleration of the floor. And some horizontal velocity is beneficial for crashworthiness of the aircraft structure . And these provide a reference for reliability design and evaluation of this aircraft. Key words　Cra shwor thiness ; Dynamics ; Acceler ation of floor ; Impact for ce Corresponding author : YIN ZhiPing , E2mail : yzp @nwpu. edu . cn , Tel : Π Fax : +86229288492045 Manuscript received 20080521 , in revised form 20080705. 1 　?? ??????????? ,????????? ??????????? ,??????????? ?????。??????????23 ????、? ??、??????????? ( CCAR223) ???? ???????“????”??????? ,??? ?????????????????????? ? ,???????????????? ,????? ?????[ 1]。?? ,???????? ,???? ???????? ,?????????????? , ????????????????。 ???????????????????? ? ,??[ 2]????????????? ,???? ???????????????????? ,?? ?????????? ,???? ;???????? ??? ,?????????????。?? [ 3 ] [4 ]1132124??????????????????? ????? ,????????????????? ????? ,????????????????? ????????????????????? ,? ???[ 4]1462155???????????????? ????????。?????????????? ?????????????? ,???????? ?????????????? ,???????? ??????????????????。 ??????? ,????????????? ??????? ,??????????????? ????。?? ,??[ 526 ]??????????? ??????????? ;?? [ ]???????? Journa l of Mechanical Strength 2010 , 32(2) 1962201 Ξ ΞΞ ??? , ? , ? ?? , ??????? , ??。?? , ???? , ?????????????、????????????。 5 ???? , 5?????。 7 1977 12 20080 21 2008070 ??????????????????????? ??????? ;?? [8]???????????? ??????? ;?? [ 9 ]??????????? ? ,????????????????。?? [10 ] ???????????? ,?????????? ??????????。???????? ,??? ?????????????????? ,???? ?????????? ,???????????? ????????????????????。 ?????????? ,?????????? ???????????? ,?????????? ??????? ,??????????????? ?? ,???????????????????? ?????????? ,???????????? ??????? ,??????????????? ?????? ;???????????????? ??? ;??????????? ,???????? ?????????????????????? ?。 2 　?????????????? ???????????????????? ?[11 ] 　[ M ] ?d + [ C] �d + [ K] d = F (1) ?? ,[ M ] ??????? ,[ C] ????? , [ K] ? ???? , ?d ???? ?? , �d ? ???? , d ????? , F ?????。 ????????????????????? ? ,?????????。???????????? ???? ,?? 1??。 ? 1　????? Fig. 1 　Master2slave contact surface ?????? ,?????????????? ?? ,??????( slave surface) ???????? ?? (master surface) ???? ;????????? ? ,??????????? ,??? ?????? ???? ,???????? ,????????? ? ,????????????????????? ?? ,??? (????) ???????。 ????????? ,??????????? ????????。???????????? ,?? ??????????????????????? ? ,?? 2 ?????????????。????? ??????? (master surface) ??????? ,? ?????“Both”??? ,?????? ,????? “Bottom”???????。 ? 2　????????? Fig. 2 　Hooking of slave surface ??? MSCΠDytran ??? ,????????? ??????????????。??? MSCΠDytran ???????????? 　t = α?0. 5 ?t1 + α?0. 5 ?t2 + G (2) ?? , t ????? ,α?“shell”???????? , t1 ????“shell”???? , t2 ????“shell”??? ? , G????????????。?????? 3 ? ?。 ? 3　???????????? Fig. 3 　Contact thickness between shell el ements ??4 ?? ,??????????????? ??????????? ,??????????? ??。???????? ,???????????? ????? ,????????????????? ????。 ? 4　???????????? Fig. 4　Use of a contact thickness p revent s hooking 3 　??????????? ???????????????????? 5 ?? ,??????? Q ???? ,????? 　? 32 ?? 2? ???? : ?????????????????? 197 　 uad4 ?、????????????? ,???????? ?? 17 000 ??? ,14 000 ???。???????? ??? ?????????、????? ???? ???????、?? ??????????? ,? ???????????? ,?????????? ???????????。??????????? ?????? ,????? CCAR23???? 0. 5。 ? 5　?????????????? Fig. 5　Finit e element model of aircraft fuselage ????????? ,??????????? ???2024??? ,???????????? ?? ? ,????????????????? ,???? ????? 1 ??。 ?1 　2024??????? Tab . 1 　Material pr opert ies of Alumin um 2024 ?? Material ???? Elasti c modulusΠPa ??? Poisson’s ratio ???? Yield stress ΠPa ?? Densi ty kg?m- 3 ?????? Maximum plasti c st rain Al2024 68. 95 ?109 0. 33 344. 74 ?106 2 770 0 . 15 　　??????????????MSC.Dyt ran ? ????????????????。?????? ? PC ???? ,????? ,CPU Pentium2. 93 GHz , ?? 1Gb , ?? 120 Gb ,7 200 ?。???????? 1. 0 ?10- 7s ,????? 25 ms ,????????? 3 h。 ????????????????????? ?? ,???????? 2??。 ? 2　???????????? Tab . 2 　Cra sh velocit ies of a ircraft fu sela ge ??? Case ???? Verti cal velocity VV Π(mΠs) ???? Horizontal velocity VH Π(mΠs) ??? Total velocity V Π(m Πs) 10 10. 7 13. 4 17 . 1 20 10. 7 8. 0 13. 36 30 10. 7 4. 0 11. 42 40 10. 7 0. 0 10 . 7 3 5 6 6 3 6 3 3 3 3 3 55 4 　????????????? ????????????????????? ????? 6 ??。 ? 6　????????????? Fig. 6 　Imp act deformation of subfloor ? 7　???????????? Fig. 7 　Impact deformation of frame ? 　?????????????? F 　 f f f ????????????????????? ????? ,? 7 ??????????????? ????? ,??????????????? 310 mm ,????????????????????? ?????? ,???????????????? ????????。 ? 8 ????????????、?????? ??。?????????????? ,????? ????? ,?????????? ;??????? ?? ,???????????????????? ??? ,???????? ,??????????? ????。?????????????????? , ???????????????。 ????????????? ,??????? 　198 ? 　　? 　　? 　　? 2010? 　 11 8. 0 1 . 4 1 . 1 12 . 0 1 . 4 14. 8 1 4. 0 1 . 4 1 . 98 14 2. 0 1 . 4 1 . 8 i g. 8 Post impact de orma tion o use lage ski n ??????????????????????? ?? ,?????????????????? ,?? ???????? ,?????????????? ?????????? ,??????????“?? ??”????????? ,? Y?。 ? 9 ?????????????? ,???? ???????????。??????“10”、“11”? ??????? 1 ????? ,Y?? Y???? ,? ?? 102Y???? 10? Y ?????? ,???? ??。 ? 9 　?????????????????? Fig. 9 　Imp act force of different vertical velocities ? 10　???????????????? Fig. 10 　Maximum impact force for vertical veloci ties ????????????????????? ?? 10 ??。????????????????? ??????????????? ,??????? ????? ,??? 8 m Πs??????????? , ??? 8 m Πs?????????????。 ???????? ,???????10. 7 mΠs ,? ??????????????????????? ??? ,??? 10. 7 m Πs???????????? ?? ,????????????。 ? 11??????????????? ,??? ??????????????。 ?11????????? ,???????0? , ????????。?? 12 ?????? ,???? ????? ,??????? ;????? 0 ? ,?? ???????。??????????? ,???? ????????????????? ,??? ? ??????????? ,??????????? ???? ,??????????????????。 ? 11　?????????????????? Fig. 11　Impact force of different horizontal velociti es ? 12　???????????????? Fig. 12　Maximum imp act force for horizontal velociti es ????????????????????? ???? ,?????? 64 m Πs ? ,??????? ??????? 1 544 kN ,? 13. 4 m Πs ?????? ?。????????????? ,???????? ????。???????? , ??????? 13. 4 m Πs? ,?????? ,???????? ,?? ??????????????????????? ? ,??????????????? ,?????? ?????????? ,???????????? ????。 ????????????????? ,??? ??? 13、? 14、? 15、? 16 ??。 ? 13　??????????????? Fig. 13 　Subfloor acceleration curves for vert ical velocity ????????????????? ,??? ???????? ,?????????????致 , ????????????????????? ,? ? 3、? ?? ;???????????? ,??? ? 5、? 6 ??。??? Π ???????? 　? 32?? 2 ? ???? : ?????????????????? 199 　 7 1 14 1 1 10. 7 m s ? 14　????????????????? Fig. 14　Maximum subfloor acceleration curve for vert ical velocity ? 15　??????????????? Fig. 15 　Subfloor acceleration curves for horizontal velocity ? 16　????????????????? Fig. 16 　Maximum subfloor acceleration curve for horizontal velocity ???????1 300 mΠs2 ;??[ 12213] ? ,???? ???????????????? 2 600 m Πs2 ,? ?????????? 5 ,??????????? ??????? 520 m Πs2 。??????????? ? 2 ? ,????? 7 ??????? ,?????? ??????????????????????? ???? ,?????????????????? ?? ,???????????????????? ??????? ,????????????? ,?? ??????????????????????。 ? ?????????????????? ???????????????? ,?????? ? ,?? ???????????????? ,? ? 17　?????????????????? Fig. 17 　Structure energy absorption percent ? 14?????????。???????? ,?? ??????????? 25 ms ? , ?????? 90 %?? ,?????????????????。 ???? 17??????????? ,?????? ????? 25 ms? ,?? 20、?? 30、?? 40??? ??????????? ,?? 90 % ; ?? 10、?? 11、??12、??13、??14??????????? ????? ,????????????????? ??? ,???????????。???????? ??? , ????????? , ???????? 13. 4 mΠs? ,??????????????? ,?? ????? 25 ms。 5 　?? ??????????????? ,????? ???????????????????。??? ??????????????????? ,??? ??? ,???????? : 1) ???????????? ,??????? ????????????? ,????????? ??????????? ,???????? ,??? ???13. 4 mΠs? ,????????13. 4 mΠs?? ??。 2) ????????????????? ,?? ????????????? ,????????? ??????????????????????? ? ,????????????????????? ??。 3) ??????????????????? ????? ,????????????????? ???????????? ,?????????? ???????????? ,?????????? ????????? 13. 4 m Πs????、????。 ???? ( R f ) [ ]　?????? ????????? 3? ???、???、? 　 200 ? 　　? 　　? 　　? 2010 ? 　 17 40 e er ences 1 . 2 : ?????????? : ? 23 . 561 ? : ? 23. 562 ? [S] . ?? : ?????? , 2003 : 51254. 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