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COLREG
(InternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea,1972,asamended)
COLREG/Amendments
Adopted
Effectivedate
Amendments tothe
Convention
Remarks
by date
COLREG* Conference 20.10.1972 15.07.1977
1981Amendments Res.A.464(12) 19.11.1981 01.06.1983
Rule1(c),3(g), 3(g)(v),
10(b)(iii),10(d),10(e),10(k),
10(l), 13(a),22(d),23(c),
24((a)(i),24(c)(i),24(d),24(e),
24(g),24(h),24(i), 25(b),
27(b), 27(b)(iii),27(c)27(d),
27(e), 27(f), 27(g),29(a)(iii),
30(e), 30(f), 33(a),34(b)(iii),
35(d), 36, 37, 38, 38*h),
Annex I/sec.1,2(f),2(i)(i),,
2(i)(ii),2(j), 2(k),3(b), 3(c),5,
8,9(a)(i),9(a)(ii), 10(a),10(b),
13, Annex III/1(d),2(a), 2(b),
3
1987Amendments Res.A.626(15) 19.11.1987 19.11.1989
Rule1(e),3(h),New rule8(f),
10(a),10(c),Annex1/section
2(d),2(i)(ii), 10(a), (b),Annex
IV/newpara 1(o)
1989Amendments Res.A.678(16) 19.10.1989 19.04.1991 Rule10(d), (i),10(d)(ii)
1993Amendments Res.A.736(18) 04.11.1993 04.11.1995
Rule26(b)(i),26(c)(i),26(d),
Annex I/sec.3(d), sec. 9(b),
9(b)(ii),Newsec.13, Annex
II/sec. 2 (a),2(b), 2(c),Annex
IV/subpara. 1(o)
2001Amendments Res.A.910(22) 29.11.2001 29.11.2003
Rule3(a), (m), Rule8(a),Rule
18(f), Rule23(c),Rule31,Rule
33(a),Rule35(i), Annex
I/sec.13, Annex III/sec.1
Whistles para. (a), (c), sec.2
Bell or gongpara. (b).
2008Amendments Res.A.1004(25) 01.02.2008 01.12.2009 RAnnex IV1(d),(l),(m)
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* These Rules apply to all vessels upon the high seas and in all waters connected therewith navigable
by seagoing vessels and contain provisions concerning steering and sailing rules, lights and shapes,
and sound and light signals.
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Path Title PDF
COLREG RULE1 : Application
COLREG RULE2 : Responsibility
COLREG RULE3 :GeneralDefinitions
1
Path Title PDF
COLREG RULE4 : Application
COLREG RULE5 : Lookout
COLREG RULE6 : SafeSpeed
COLREG RULE7 : RiskofCollision
COLREG RULE8 : Action toavoidCollision
COLREG RULE9 : NarrowChannels
COLREG RULE10: Traffic SeparationSchemes
COLREG RULE11: Application
COLREG RULE12: SailingVessels
COLREG RULE13:Overtaking
COLREG RULE14: HeadonSituation
COLREG RULE15: CrossingSituation
COLREG RULE16: ActionbyGivewayVessel
COLREG RULE17: ActionbyStandonVessel
COLREG RULE18: ResponsibilitiesbetweenVessel
COLREG RULE19: ConductofVessels inRestricted Visibility
ContentList : KRCON(English)>COLREG1972>COLREG2008ConsolidatedEdition
Path Title PDF
COLREG RULE20 : Application
COLREG RULE21 :Definitions
COLREG RULE22 : Visibilityof Lights
COLREG RULE23 : PowerdrivenVessels underway
COLREG RULE24 : TowingandPushing
COLREG RULE25 : SailingVesselsunderway andVesselsunderOars
COLREG RULE26 : FishingVessels
COLREG RULE27 : Vesselsnot underCommandorRestricted in their Ability toManoeuvre
COLREG RULE28 : Vessels constrained by their Draught
COLREG RULE29 : Pilot vessels
COLREG RULE30 : AnchoredVessels andVesselsaground
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PARTA GENERAL
Rule 1
Application
(a) These Rules shall apply to all vessels upon the high seas and in all waters connected therewith
navigable by seagoing vessels.
(b) Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation of special rules made by an appropriate
authority for roadsteads, harbours, rivers, lakes or inland waterways connected with the high seas
and navigable by seagoing vessels. Such special rules shall conform as closely as possible to these
Rules.
(c) Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation of any special rules made by the
Government of any State with respect to additional station or signal lights, shapes or whistle signals
for ships of war and vessels proceeding under convoy, or with respect to additional station or signal
lights or shapes for fishing vessels engaged in fishing as a fleet. These additional station or signal
lights, shapes or whistle signals shall, so far as possible, be such that they cannot be mistaken for
any light, shapes or signal authorized elsewhere under these Rules.
(d) Traffic separation schemes may be adopted by the Organization for the purpose of these Rules.
(e) Whenever the Government concerned shall have determined that a vessel of special construction
or purpose cannot comply fully with the provisions of any of these Rules with respect to the number,
position, range or arc of visibility of lights or shapes, as well as to the disposition and characteristics
of soundsignalling appliances, such vessel shall comply with such other provisions in regard to the
number, position, range or arc of visibility of lights or shapes, as well as to the disposition and
characteristics of soundsignalling appliances, as her Government shall have determined to be the
closest possible compliance with these Rules in respect to that vessel. MSC/Circ.1144
Rule 2
Responsibility
(a) Nothing in these Rules shall exonerate any vessel, or the owner, master or crew thereof, from the
consequences of any neglect to comply with these Rules or of the neglect of any precaution which
may be required by the ordinary practice of seamen, or by the special circumstances of the case.
(b) In construing and complying with these Rules due regard shall be had to all dangers of navigation
and collision and to any special circumstances, including the limitations of the vessels involved, which
may make a departure from these Rules necessary to avoid immediate danger.
Rule 3
General Definitions
(A amended paragraph (a) and a new paragraph (m) shall enter into force on 29 November 2003, as
amended by Resolution A.919(22))
For the purpose of these Rules, except where the context otherwise requires:
COLREG RULE31 : Seaplanes
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(a) The word 'vessel includes every description of water craft, including nondisplacement craft, WIG craft and
seaplanes,usedorcapableofbeingusedasameansof transportationonwater'.
(b) The term 'powerdriven vessel' means any vessel propelled by machinery.
(c) The term 'sailing vessel' means any vessel under sail provided that propelling machinery, if fitted,
is not being used.
(d) The term 'vessel engaged in fishing' means any vessel fishing with nets, lines, trawls or other
fishing apparatus which restrict manoeuvrability, but does not include a vessel fishing with trolling
lines or other fishing apparatus which do not restrict manoeuvrability.
(e) The word 'seaplane' includes any aircraft designed to manoeuvre on the water.
(f) The term 'vessel not under command' means a vessel which through some exceptional
circumstance is unable to manoeuvre as required by these Rules and is therefore unable to keep out
of the way of another vessel.
(g) The term 'vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre' means a vessel which from the nature of
her work is restricted in her ability to manoeuvre as required by these Rules and therefore is unable
to keep out of the way of another vessel.
The term 'vessels restricted in their ability to manoeuvre' shall include but not be limited to;
(i) a vessel engaged in laying, servicing or picking up a navigation mark, submarine cable or pipeline;
(ii) a vessel engaged in dredging, surveying or underwater operations;
(iii) a vessel engaged in replenishment or transferring persons, provisions or cargo while underway;
(iv) a vessel engaged in the launching or recovery of aircraft;
(v) a vessel engaged in mineclearance operations;
(vi) a vessel engaged in a towing operation such as severely restricts the towing vessel and her tow
in their ability to deviate from their course.
(h) The term 'vessel constrained by her draught' means a powerdriven vessel which because of her
draught in relation to the available depth and width of navigable water, is severely restricted in her
ability to deviate from the course she is following.
(i) The word 'underway' means that a vessel is not at anchor, or made fast to the shore, or aground.
(j) The words 'length' and 'breadth' of a vessel mean her length overall and greatest breadth.
(k) Vessels shall be deemed to be in sight of one another only when one can be observed visually
from the other.
(l) The term 'restricted visibility' means any condition in which visibility is restricted by fog, mist, falling
snow, heavy rainstorms, sandstorms or any other similar causes.
(m) The term 'WingInGround (WIG) craft' means a multimodal craft which, in its main operational
mode, flies in close proximity to the surface by utilizing surfaceeffect action.
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PARTB STEERINGAND SAILING RULES
Rule 4
Application
Rules in this Section apply in any condition of visibility.
Rule 5
Lookout
Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper lookout by sight and hearing as well as by all
available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions so as to make a full
appraisal of the situation and of the risk of collision.
Rule 6
Safe Speed
Every vessel shall at all times porceed at a safe speed so that she can take proper and effective
action to avoid collision and be stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances
and conditions. In determining a safe speed the following factors shall be among those taken into
account:
(a) By all vessels:
(i) the state of visibility;
(ii) the traffic density including concentrations of fishing vessels or any other vessels;
(iii) the manoeuvrability of the vessel with special reference to stopping distance and turning ability in
the prevailing conditions;
(iv) at night the presence of background light such as from shore lights or from back scatter of her
own lights;
(v) the state of wind, sea and current, and the proximity of navigational hazards;
(vi) the draught in relation to the available depth of water.
(b) Additionally, by vessels with operational radar:
(i) the characteristics, efficiency and limitations of the radar equipment;
(ii) any constraints imposed by the radar range scale in use;
(iii) the effect on radar detection of the sea state, weather and other sources of interference;
(iv) the possibility that small vessels, ice and other floating objects may not be detected by radar at an
adequate range;
(v) the number, location and movement of vessels detected by radar;
(vi) the more exact assessment of the visibility that may be possible when radar is used to determine
the range of vessels or other objects in the vicinity.
Rule 7
Risk of Collision
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(a) Every vessel shall use all available means appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and
conditions to determine if risk of collision exists. If there is any doubt such risk shall be deemed to
exist.
(b) Proper use shall be made of radar equipment if fitted and operational, including longrange
scanning to obtain early warning of risk of collision and radar plotting or equivalent systematic
observation of detected objects.
(c) Assumptions shall not be made on the basis of scanty information, especially scanty radar
information.
(d) In determining if risk of collision exists the following considerations shall be among those taken
into account:
(i) Such risk shall be deemed to exist if the compass bearing of an approaching vessel does not
appreciably change;
(ii) such risk may sometimes exist even when an appreciable bearing change is evident, particularly
when approaching a very large vessel or a tow or when approaching a vessel at close range.
Rule 8
Action to avoid Collision
(A amended paragraph (a) shall enter into force on 29 November 2003, as amended byResolution
A.919(22))
(a) Any action to avoid collision shall be taken in accordance with the Rules of this Part and shall, if
the circumstances of the case admit, be positive, made in ample time and with due regard to the
observance of good seamanship.
(b) Any alteration of course and/or speed to avoid collision, shall, if the circumstances of the case
admit, be large enough to be readily apparent to another vessel observing visually or by radar ; a
succession of small alterations of course and/or speed should be avoided.
(c) If there is sufficient sea room, alteration of course alone may be the most effective action to avoid a
closequarters situation provided that it is made in good time, is substantial and does not result in
another closequarters situation.
(d) Action taken to avoid collision with another vessel shall be such as to result in passing at a safe
distance. The effectiveness of the action shall be carefully checked until the other vessel is finally past and
clear.
(e) If necessary to avoid collision or allow more to assess the situation, a vessel shall slacken her
speed or take all way off by stopping or reversing her means of propulsion.
(f)
(i) A vessel which, by any of these Rules, is required not to impede the passage or safe passage of
another vessel shall, when required by the circumstances of the case, take early action to allow
sufficient sea room for the safe passage of the other vessel.
(ii) A vessel required not to impede the passage or safe passage of another vessel is not relieved of
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this obligation if approaching the other vessel so as to involve risk of collision and shall, when taking
action, have full regard to the action which may be required by the Rules of this part.
(iii) A vessel the passage of which is not to be impeded remains fully obliged to comply with the rules
of this part when the two vessels are approaching one another so as to involve risk of collision.
Rule 9
Narrow Channels
(a) A vessel proceeding along the course of a narrow channel or fairway shall keep as near to the
outer limit of the channel or fairway which lies on her starboard side as is safe and practicable.
(b) A vessel of less than 20 metres in length or a sailing vessel shall not impede the passage of a
vessel which can safely navigate only within a narrow channel or fairway.
(c) A vessel engaged in fishing shall not impede the passage of any other vessel navigating within a
narrow channel or fairway.
(d) A vessel shall not cross a narrow channel or fairway if such crossing impedes the passage of a
vessel which can safely navigate only within such channel or fairway. The latter vessel may use the
sound signal prescribed in Rule 34(d) if in doubt as to the intention of the crossing vessel.
(e)
(i) In a narrow channel or fairway when overtaking can take place only if the vessel to be overtaken
has to take action to permit safe passing, the vessel intending to overtake shall indicate her intention
by sounding the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(c)(i). The vessel to be overtaken shall, if in
agreement, sound the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(c)(ii) and take steps to permit safe
passing. If in doubt she may sound the signals prescribed in Rule 34(d).
(ii) This Rule does not relieve the overtaking vessel of her obligation under Rule 13.
(f) A vessel nearing a bend or an area of a narrow channel or fairway where other vessels may be
obscured by an intervening obstruction shall navigate with particular alertness and caution and shall
sound the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(e).
(g) Any vessel shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid anchoring in a narrow channel.
Rule 10
Traffic Separation Schemes
(a) This Rule Applies to traffic separation schemes adopted by the Organization and does not relieve
any vessel of her obligation under any other rule.
(b) A vessel using a traffic separation scheme shall:
(i) proceed in the appropriate traffic lane in the general direction of traffic flow for that lane;
(ii) so far as practicable keep clear of a traffic separation line or separation zone;
(iii) normally join or leave a traffic lane at the termination of the lane, but when joining or leaving from
either side shall do so at as small an angle to the general direction of traffic flow as practicable.
(c) A vessel shall so far as practicable avoid crossing traffic lanes, but if obliged to do so shall cross on
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a heading as nearly as practicable at right angles to the general direction of traffic flow.
(d)
(i) A vessel shall not use an inshore traffic zone when she can safely use the appropriate traffic lane
within the adjacent traffic separation scheme. However, vessels of less than 20 meters in length,
sailing vessels and vessels engaged in fishing may use the inshore traffic zone.
(ii) Notwithstanding subparagraph (d) (i), a vessel may use an inshore traffic zone when en route to or
from a port, offshore installation or structure, pilot station or any other place situated within the inshore
traffic zone, or to avoid immediate danger.
(e) A vessel, other than a crossing vessel, or a vessel joining or leaving a lane shall not normally enter
a separation zone or cross a separation line except:
(i) in cases of emergency to avoid immediate danger;
(ii) to engage in fishing within a separation zone.
(f) A vessel navigating in areas near the terminations of traffic separation schemes shall do so with
particular caution.
(g) A vessel shall so far as practicable avoid anchoring in a traffic separation scheme or in areas near
its terminations.
(h) A vessel not using a traffic separation scheme shall avoid it by as wide a margin as is practicable.
(i) A vessel engaged in fishing shall not impede the passage of any vessel following a traffic lane.
(j) A vessel of less than 20 meters in length or a sailing vessel shall not impede the safe passage of a
powerdriven vessel following a traffic lane.
(k) A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre when engaged in an operation for the maintenance
of safety of navigation in a traffic separation scheme is exempted from complying with this Rule to the
extent necessary to carry out the operation.
(l) A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre when engaged in an operation for the laying,
servicing or picking up of a submarine cable, within a traffic separation scheme, is exempted from
complyingwith thisRule to theextentnecessarytocarryout theoperation.
Rule 11
Application
Rules in this Section apply to vessels in sight of one another.
Rule 12
Sailing Vessels
(a) When two sailing vessels are approaching one another, so as to involve risk of collision, one of
them shall keep out of the way of the other a
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